CN109630124B - Shaft heading machine adopting open caisson method and construction method of shaft heading machine - Google Patents
Shaft heading machine adopting open caisson method and construction method of shaft heading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109630124B CN109630124B CN201910061677.9A CN201910061677A CN109630124B CN 109630124 B CN109630124 B CN 109630124B CN 201910061677 A CN201910061677 A CN 201910061677A CN 109630124 B CN109630124 B CN 109630124B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shaft tunneller adopting an open caisson method and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems of low mechanization degree, difficult disassembly and assembly and low working efficiency of a shaft excavation device in the prior art. The invention comprises a tunneling system, a control detection system and a slag discharging system, wherein a pipe joint pressure lifting device is arranged on a wellhead ring beam on the ground, the tunneling system comprises a propelling device, a rotary support, a rotary platform and an excavating device, the upper part of the propelling device is connected with a hydraulic power system on the ground, an equipment platform is arranged at the lower part of the propelling device, the equipment platform is connected with the rotary support, the rotary support is connected with a driving device arranged on the equipment platform, the upper part of the rotary platform is connected with the rotary support, and the excavating device is arranged at the lower part of the rotary platform. The invention realizes the stepping excavation of the excavating device and the tightening and stabilizing of the excavating device by the propelling device, thereby realizing the efficient and safe excavation. The well-entering and well-exiting process can be quickly disassembled and assembled, the construction period is saved, and the well-forming efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction of underground vertical wells, in particular to a shaft heading machine adopting a sunk well method and a construction method thereof.
Background
Shaft engineering is widely used in the field of underground space development, such as shield origination, receiving shafts, mining shafts, hydraulic engineering shafts, tunnel ventilation shafts, underground defense work shafts, underground stereo garage shafts, and the like. At present, the shaft excavation is still commonly used and is manually excavated, the shaft wall is cast-in-situ or a sinking prefabricated shaft is formed to support while the shaft is excavated, the mechanization and automation degree is generally low, the safety risk in the construction process is high, and the overall construction cost is high.
The existing shaft drilling machine with higher mechanical degree cannot be quickly disassembled and assembled, and personnel are required to frequently enter the shaft bottom to perform equipment installation, debugging, maintenance or disassembly and other works, so that the shaft drilling machine has higher potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a shaft heading machine adopting a sunk well method and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems of low mechanization degree, difficult disassembly and assembly and low working efficiency of a shaft excavation device in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a caisson method shaft development machine, includes driving system, control detecting system and slag discharging system, is equipped with the pipe joint on subaerial well head collar tie beam and carries pressure equipment, driving system includes thrust unit, gyration support, revolving platform and excavation device, and thrust unit's upper portion is connected with subaerial hydraulic power system, and thrust unit's lower part is equipped with the equipment platform, and the equipment platform is connected with gyration support, and gyration support is connected with the drive arrangement who sets up on the equipment platform, and revolving platform's upper portion is connected with gyration support, and excavation device sets up in revolving platform's lower part.
The propelling device comprises an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, a first shoe supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer cylinder body, and the inner cylinder body is arranged in the outer cylinder body and matched with the outer cylinder body; the upper part of the outer cylinder body is fixedly provided with a tightening flange, the inner wall of the tightening flange is provided with a pushing cylinder, the piston end of the pushing cylinder is connected with the inner cylinder body, and the pushing cylinder stretches to drive the inner cylinder body to move along the outer cylinder body.
The outer circumference of the equipment platform is provided with a second shoe supporting mechanism.
The first shoe supporting mechanism comprises a first tightening oil cylinder and a second tightening oil cylinder, the second shoe supporting mechanism comprises a third tightening oil cylinder, the first tightening oil cylinder is uniformly arranged on the tightening flange along the circumferential direction, and the first tightening oil cylinder stretches along the radial direction; the second tightening oil cylinders are uniformly arranged on the outer cylinder body along the circumferential direction, the second tightening oil cylinders stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, the third tightening oil cylinders are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the equipment platform along the circumferential direction, and the third tightening oil cylinders stretch out and draw back along the radial direction; the outer ends of the first tightening oil cylinder, the second tightening oil cylinder and the third tightening oil cylinder are respectively provided with a ball hinged shoe plate.
The outer wall of the outer cylinder body is provided with a mounting groove, the second tightening oil cylinder is arranged in the mounting groove, the outer wall of the inner cylinder body is provided with a guide groove, and the mounting groove is positioned in the guide groove and matched with the guide groove; the supporting flange is provided with a hanging ring, the hanging ring is connected with a steel wire rope, and the supporting flange is connected with a lifting system on the ground through the steel wire rope.
The rotary support comprises a rotary inner ring and a rotary outer ring, the rotary inner ring is rotationally connected with the rotary outer ring, the rotary inner ring is fixedly connected with the equipment platform, and the rotary outer ring is fixedly connected with the rotary platform.
The excavating device comprises an excavating support, the excavating support is connected with the rotary platform through a swing oil cylinder, a milling head is arranged at the lower part of the excavating support, and the milling head is connected with a driving mechanism on the excavating support.
A construction method of a shaft heading machine by a sunk well method comprises the following steps: s1: positioning an open caisson to be excavated, leveling a site, hardening the peripheral part of a wellhead to form a wellhead ring beam, fixing a pipe joint pressure lifting device on the wellhead ring beam, and cushioning and leveling the blade foot part;
S2: sequentially installing and completing debugging the excavating device, the rotary platform, the rotary support, the equipment platform, the propulsion system and the control detection system in an open field; because the installation and debugging of the mechanical structure of the heading machine are not related to the pipe joint, the part can be finished in advance before the open caisson begins, thereby greatly saving the preparation time of the open caisson operation and improving the production efficiency.
S3: installing a cutting pin pipe joint and a basic pipe joint of a fixing device in a wellhead ring beam, and extending a pin shaft of the pipe joint pressure-increasing device adjusted in the step S1 into a corresponding hole of the pipe joint after the cutting pin pipe joint and the basic pipe joint are connected, measured and leveled so as to fix the pipe joint, wherein the pipe joint pressure-increasing device provides counter force and counter torque for initial work of a heading machine;
s4: the equipment adjusted in the step S2 is integrally hung into a corresponding position of a shaft, and is respectively connected with a hydraulic power system, a control detection system, a slag discharging system and a lifting system on the ground through pipelines;
S5: the first supporting shoe mechanism and the second supporting shoe mechanism extend out and are tightly supported on the well wall, and the excavation device is started to excavate;
s6: stopping tunneling after the excavation depth of the excavation device in the center of the shaft reaches the feeding stroke of the pushing oil cylinder, retracting the second supporting shoe mechanism, and fully retracting the pushing oil cylinder to enable the excavation device to be lifted to the initial height; the pipe joint pressure lifting device controls the pipe joint to slowly sink; if the friction force of the outer wall of the shaft is too large, antifriction slurry can be injected into a gap between the well wall and the stratum through a grouting channel in the shaft so as to reduce the sinking resistance of the shaft; the pipe joint lifting device controls the speed and the direction in the sinking process of the pipe joint, and prevents deflection and sudden sinking.
S7: after the pipe joint is sunk to a preset position, assembling the next ring pipe joint, and repeatedly tunneling according to the steps S5 and S6;
S8: after the shaft is sunk to the designed depth, the excavating device swings to the center of the shaft, the propulsion cylinder of the propulsion system is completely retracted, the first supporting shoe mechanism and the second supporting shoe mechanism are completely retracted, and the equipment is integrally lifted out of the well through a steel wire rope and is quickly disassembled and assembled so as to be reused next time; the construction period is saved, the well formation efficiency is improved, personnel are not required to go into the well no matter the construction process or the installation and debugging and disassembly processes of the equipment, the personnel safety in the use process of the equipment is greatly improved, and the equipment can be quickly lifted out of the well for maintenance even if the equipment needs maintenance or accessory replacement, so that the operation is convenient, and personnel are not required to go into the well in the whole process.
S9: backfilling the slag soil, sealing the bottom by using concrete, and finishing the open caisson.
The excavation in step S5 includes the steps of: s5.1: the excavating device swings the milling and excavating head to the central position of a shaft through a swing oil cylinder, the excavating device is started, and meanwhile, the driving device is started to drive the rotary platform to rotate, so that the excavating device is driven to rotate in the shaft, and meanwhile, the pushing oil cylinder in the pushing system is controlled to feed downwards, so that longitudinal tunneling and excavating of rock and soil in the central position of the shaft are realized;
s5.2, after rock and soil at the center of the well completion cylinder are excavated, the pushing oil cylinder is retracted, the excavating device swings the milling and excavating head to one side through the swinging oil cylinder, and the slag system collects and conveys slag soil at the bottom center of the well out of the well;
S5.3, driving a propulsion cylinder of the propulsion system and a swing cylinder of the excavating device to enable the excavating device to be repositioned to the position of the step S5.1; then, the pushing oil cylinder contracts for a certain stroke, the excavating device swings the milling head to the outside for a certain angle through the swinging oil cylinder, and the tightening oil cylinder of the second supporting shoe mechanism extends out to improve equipment stability; then driving the rotary platform to drive the excavating device to perform rotary motion, excavating rock and soil outside the rotary center, and throwing the excavated slag and soil into pits excavated by S5.1 and S5.2 along with the swing and autorotation of the excavating device, wherein the slag and soil are immediately collected and carried out by a slag discharging system, the two actions of tunneling and slag discharging are not interfered with each other, and the continuous excavation of the open caisson is ensured;
S5.4, repeating the steps S5.1-S5.3 until the outer part of the cutter foot is opened, and then repeating the step S5.3, and simultaneously controlling the excavation profile of the excavation device to enable the profile of the rock and soil excavated at the lower part of the bottom pipe joint to be arc-shaped.
The invention realizes the stepping excavation of the excavating device and the tightening and stabilizing of the excavating device by the propelling device, thereby realizing the efficient and safe excavation. According to the invention, through the rapid disassembly and assembly of the equipment in and out of the well, the construction period is saved, the well forming efficiency is improved, meanwhile, no personnel are needed to go into the well in the construction process or in the installation and debugging and disassembly processes of the equipment, the personnel safety in the use process of the equipment is greatly improved, and even if the equipment needs maintenance or accessory replacement, the equipment can be rapidly lifted out of the well for maintenance, the operation is convenient, personnel do not need to go into the well in the whole process, and the construction safety coefficient of constructors is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic overall axial side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a propulsion system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a propulsion system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the propulsion system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-3, a shaft heading machine adopting an open caisson method comprises a heading system, a control detection system and a slag discharging system 9, wherein a pipe joint pressure lifting device 1 is arranged on a wellhead ring beam on the ground, and can lift or pressurize the whole shaft, and has the characteristics of stable lifting or sinking, safety, adjustable speed, convenience in maintenance and the like, so that the shaft is stably sunk. The tunneling system comprises a propulsion device 3, a rotary support 5, a rotary platform 6 and a digging device 7, wherein the upper part of the propulsion device 3 is connected with a hydraulic power system on the ground, and the propulsion device is used for radially stabilizing and axially propelling the tunneling system. The lower part of the propulsion unit 3 is provided with an equipment platform 4, the equipment platform 4 is connected with a rotary support 5, the rotary support 5 is connected with a driving device 401 arranged on the equipment platform 4, and the driving device can adopt a hydraulic motor to drive the rotary support to rotate, so that the rotation of the excavating device is realized. The upper portion of the rotary platform 6 is connected with the rotary support 5, the rotary platform and the rotary support synchronously rotate, the excavating device 7 is arranged at the lower portion of the rotary platform 6, the excavating device rotates under the action of the rotary platform, and the milling and excavating head of the excavating device can rotate, so that the soil layer is excavated.
Further, the propulsion device 3 comprises an outer cylinder 304 and an inner cylinder 305, the outer cylinder is provided with a first shoe supporting mechanism, and the outer circumference of the equipment platform 4 is provided with a second shoe supporting mechanism. The shoe supporting mechanism stretches out and is tightly supported on the pipe section well wall and is used for bearing the downward pushing reaction force of the heading machine and the rotating reaction torque of the excavating device. The inner cylinder 305 is disposed inside the outer cylinder 304 and is matched with the outer cylinder 304, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder can slide mutually to realize axial stepping. The upper part of the outer cylinder body 304 is fixedly provided with a tightening flange 301, the inner wall of the tightening flange 301 is provided with a pushing cylinder 302, the piston end of the pushing cylinder 302 is connected with the inner cylinder body 305, and the inner cylinder body 305 is driven by the expansion and contraction of the pushing cylinder 302 to axially move along the outer cylinder body 304. The upper part of the tightening flange 301 is connected with a lifting system on the ground, so that the lifting of the tunneling system is realized.
4-6, The first shoe supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of first supporting cylinders 303 and a plurality of second supporting cylinders 306, the second shoe supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of third supporting cylinders 307, the first supporting cylinders 303 are uniformly arranged on the supporting flange 301 along the circumferential direction, and the first supporting cylinders 303 stretch out and draw back along the radial direction; the second tightening oil cylinders 306 are uniformly arranged on the outer cylinder 304 along the circumferential direction, the second tightening oil cylinders 306 stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, the third tightening oil cylinders 307 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the equipment platform 4 along the circumferential direction, and the third tightening oil cylinders 307 stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, so as to support the equipment platform; the first tightening oil cylinder 303, the second tightening oil cylinder 306 and the third tightening oil cylinder 307 extend out to be tightened on the pipe section well wall, and play a role in supporting a tunneling system. The outer ends of the first tightening oil cylinder 303, the second tightening oil cylinder 306 and the third tightening oil cylinder 307 are respectively provided with a ball hinge shoe 308, the extension of the piston rod of the tightening oil cylinder tightens the well wall to improve the stability of the heading machine, and the ball hinge shoe can swing for a small distance to reduce the vibration of equipment in the heading process.
Further, an inner recessed mounting groove 309 is formed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 304, the second tightening cylinder 306 is disposed in the mounting groove 309, a guiding groove 310 is formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 305, and the mounting groove 309 is located in the guiding groove 310 and is matched with the guiding groove 310, so that the inner cylinder is limited to move axially but not rotate. The embedded design of the inner and outer cylinders prevents relative rotation, so that the reaction torque generated when the excavating device 7 rotates is transmitted to the tightening flange plate and the tightening oil cylinder through the guide groove, and finally transmitted to the pipe joint. The supporting flange 301 is provided with a hanging ring 311, the hanging ring 311 is connected with a steel wire rope 10, the supporting flange 301 is connected with a lifting system on the ground through the steel wire rope 10, after the sunk well reaches the target depth, a supporting oil cylinder on a propulsion system and an equipment platform is retracted, the equipment is integrally hung out of the well, and after bottom sealing of the well is completed.
Further, the rotary support 5 comprises a rotary inner ring and a rotary outer ring, the rotary inner ring is rotationally connected with the rotary outer ring, the rotary inner ring is fixedly connected with the equipment platform 4, and the rotary outer ring is fixedly connected with the rotary platform 6. The driving device drives the rotary platform to rotate through the rotary outer ring, so that the rotation of the excavating device is realized. The excavating device 7 comprises an excavating support 701, the excavating support 701 is connected with the rotary platform 6 through a swinging oil cylinder 702, and the swinging oil cylinder 702 adjusts the swinging position of the excavating support. The lower part of the excavation support 701 is provided with a milling head 703, the milling head 703 is connected with a driving mechanism on the excavation support 701, and a starting mechanism can adopt a hydraulic motor which drives the milling head to rotate.
Other structures are the same as in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, a construction method of a shaft heading machine by an open caisson method, comprising the following steps: s1: positioning an open caisson to be excavated, leveling a site, hardening the peripheral part of a wellhead to form a wellhead ring beam, fixing a pipe joint pressure lifting device on the wellhead ring beam, and cushioning and leveling the blade foot part;
S2: sequentially installing and completing debugging the excavating device, the rotary platform, the rotary support, the equipment platform, the propulsion system and the control detection system in an open field; because the installation and debugging of the mechanical structure of the heading machine are not related to the pipe joint, the part can be finished in advance before the open caisson begins, thereby greatly saving the preparation time of the open caisson operation and improving the production efficiency.
S3: installing a cutting pin pipe joint and a basic pipe joint of a fixing device in a wellhead ring beam, and extending a pin shaft of the pipe joint pressure-increasing device adjusted in the step S1 into a corresponding hole of the pipe joint after the cutting pin pipe joint and the basic pipe joint are connected, measured and leveled so as to fix the pipe joint 2, wherein the pipe joint pressure-increasing device provides counter force and counter torque for the initial work of a heading machine; the pipe joint pressure lifting device can lift or pressurize the whole shaft, has the characteristics of stable lifting or sinking, safety, adjustable speed, convenient maintenance and the like, and ensures that the shaft is stably sunk.
S4: the equipment adjusted in the step S2 is integrally hung into a corresponding position of a shaft, and is respectively connected with other auxiliary systems such as a hydraulic power system, a control detection system, a slag discharging system, a lifting system and the like on the ground through pipelines;
S5: the first supporting shoe mechanism and the second supporting shoe mechanism extend out and are tightly supported on the well wall, and the excavation device is started to excavate;
S6: after the excavation depth of the excavation device in the center of the shaft reaches the feeding stroke of the pushing oil cylinder, the excavation is stopped, the second supporting shoe mechanism is retracted, the first supporting shoe mechanism still jacks up, and then the pushing oil cylinder is completely retracted, so that the excavation device is lifted to the initial height, and the milling head is ensured to be completely separated from the excavation surface, so that the shaft is submerged; the pipe joint pressure lifting device controls the pipe joint to slowly sink; if the friction force of the outer wall of the shaft is too large, antifriction slurry can be injected into a gap between the well wall and the stratum through a grouting channel in the shaft so as to reduce the sinking resistance of the shaft; the pipe joint lifting device controls the speed and the direction in the sinking process of the pipe joint, and prevents deflection and sudden sinking.
S7: after the pipe joint is sunk to a preset position, assembling the next ring pipe joint, and repeatedly tunneling according to the steps S5 and S6;
S8: after the shaft is sunk to the designed depth, the excavating device swings to the center of the shaft, the propulsion cylinder of the propulsion system is completely retracted, the first supporting shoe mechanism and the second supporting shoe mechanism are completely retracted, and the equipment is integrally lifted out of the well through a steel wire rope and is quickly disassembled and assembled so as to be reused next time; the construction period is saved, the well formation efficiency is improved, personnel are not required to go into the well no matter the construction process or the installation and debugging and disassembly processes of the equipment, the personnel safety in the use process of the equipment is greatly improved, and the equipment can be quickly lifted out of the well for maintenance even if the equipment needs maintenance or accessory replacement, so that the operation is convenient, and personnel are not required to go into the well in the whole process.
S9: backfilling the slag soil, sealing the bottom by using concrete, and finishing the open caisson.
The excavation process in step S5 includes the steps of: s5.1: the excavating device swings the milling and excavating head to the central position of a shaft through a swing oil cylinder, the excavating device is started, and meanwhile, the driving device is started to drive the rotary platform to rotate, so that the excavating device is driven to rotate in the shaft, and meanwhile, the pushing oil cylinder in the pushing system is controlled to feed downwards, so that longitudinal tunneling and excavating of rock and soil in the central position of the shaft are realized;
s5.2, after rock and soil at the center of the well completion cylinder are excavated, the pushing oil cylinder is retracted, the excavating device swings the milling and excavating head to one side through the swinging oil cylinder, and the slag system collects and conveys slag soil at the bottom center of the well out of the well;
S5.3, driving a propulsion cylinder of the propulsion system and a swing cylinder of the excavating device to enable the excavating device to be repositioned to the position of the step S5.1; then, the pushing oil cylinder contracts for a certain stroke, the excavating device swings the milling head to the outside for a certain angle through the swinging oil cylinder, and the tightening oil cylinder of the second supporting shoe mechanism extends out to improve equipment stability; then driving the rotary platform to drive the excavating device to perform rotary motion, excavating rock and soil outside the rotary center, and throwing the excavated slag and soil into pits excavated by S5.1 and S5.2 along with the swing and autorotation of the excavating device, wherein the slag and soil are immediately collected and carried out by a slag discharging system, the two actions of tunneling and slag discharging are not interfered with each other, and the continuous excavation of the open caisson is ensured;
S5.4, repeating the steps S5.1-S5.3 until the outer part of the cutter foot is opened, and then repeating the step S5.3, and simultaneously controlling the excavation profile of the excavation device to enable the profile of the rock and soil excavated at the lower part of the bottom pipe joint to be arc-shaped.
Other structures are the same as those of embodiment 2.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a caisson method shaft entry driving machine, includes driving system, control detecting system and slag discharging system (9), is equipped with tube coupling pressure-raising device (1), its characterized in that on subaerial well head collar tie beam: the tunneling system comprises a propelling device (3), a rotary support (5), a rotary platform (6) and an excavating device (7), wherein the upper part of the propelling device (3) is connected with a hydraulic power system on the ground, the lower part of the propelling device (3) is provided with an equipment platform (4), the equipment platform (4) is connected with the rotary support (5), the rotary support (5) is connected with a driving device (401) arranged on the equipment platform (4), the upper part of the rotary platform (6) is connected with the rotary support (5), and the excavating device (7) is arranged at the lower part of the rotary platform (6);
The propelling device (3) comprises an outer cylinder body (304) and an inner cylinder body (305), a first shoe supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer cylinder body (304), and the inner cylinder body (305) is arranged inside the outer cylinder body (304) and matched with the outer cylinder body (304); the upper part of the outer cylinder body (304) is fixedly provided with a tightening flange (301), the inner wall of the tightening flange (301) is provided with a pushing cylinder (302), the piston end of the pushing cylinder (302) is connected with the inner cylinder body (305), and the inner cylinder body (305) is driven to move along the outer cylinder body (304) by the expansion and contraction of the pushing cylinder (302);
The outer circumference of the equipment platform (4) is provided with a second shoe supporting mechanism;
The first shoe supporting mechanism comprises a first tightening oil cylinder (303) and a second tightening oil cylinder (306), the second shoe supporting mechanism comprises a third tightening oil cylinder (307), the first tightening oil cylinder (303) is uniformly arranged on the tightening flange (301) along the circumferential direction, and the first tightening oil cylinder (303) stretches along the radial direction; the second tightening oil cylinders (306) are uniformly arranged on the outer cylinder body (304) along the circumferential direction, the second tightening oil cylinders (306) stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, the third tightening oil cylinders (307) are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the equipment platform (4) along the circumferential direction, and the third tightening oil cylinders (307) stretch out and draw back along the radial direction; the outer ends of the first tightening oil cylinder (303), the second tightening oil cylinder (306) and the third tightening oil cylinder (307) are respectively provided with a ball hinge shoe plate (308).
2. The open caisson method shaft heading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the outer cylinder body (304) is provided with a mounting groove (309), the second tightening oil cylinder (306) is arranged in the mounting groove (309), the outer wall of the inner cylinder body (305) is provided with a guide groove (310), and the mounting groove (309) is positioned in the guide groove (310) and matched with the guide groove (310); and the tightening flange (301) is provided with a lifting ring (311), the lifting ring (311) is connected with a steel wire rope (10), and the tightening flange (301) is connected with a lifting system on the ground through the steel wire rope (10).
3. Open caisson process shaft heading machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the rotary support (5) comprises a rotary inner ring and a rotary outer ring, the rotary inner ring is rotationally connected with the rotary outer ring, the rotary inner ring is fixedly connected with the equipment platform (4), and the rotary outer ring is fixedly connected with the rotary platform (6).
4. A caisson method shaft boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the excavating device (7) comprises an excavating support (701), the excavating support (701) is connected with the rotary platform (6) through a swinging oil cylinder (702), a milling head (703) is arranged at the lower part of the excavating support (701), and the milling head (703) is connected with a driving mechanism on the excavating support (701).
5. A construction method of a shaft boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: s1: positioning an open caisson to be excavated, leveling a site, hardening the peripheral part of a wellhead to form a wellhead ring beam, fixing a pipe joint pressure lifting device on the wellhead ring beam, and cushioning and leveling the blade foot part;
s2: sequentially installing and completing debugging the excavating device, the rotary platform, the rotary support, the equipment platform, the propulsion system and the control detection system in an open field;
s3: installing a cutting pin pipe joint and a basic pipe joint of a fixing device in a wellhead ring beam, and extending a pin shaft of the pipe joint pressure-increasing device adjusted in the step S1 into a corresponding hole of the pipe joint after the cutting pin pipe joint and the basic pipe joint are connected, measured and leveled so as to fix the pipe joint, wherein the pipe joint pressure-increasing device provides counter force and counter torque for initial work of a heading machine;
s4: the equipment adjusted in the step S2 is integrally hung into a corresponding position of a shaft, and is respectively connected with a hydraulic power system, a control detection system, a slag discharging system and a lifting system on the ground through pipelines;
S5: the first supporting shoe mechanism and the second supporting shoe mechanism extend out and are tightly supported on the well wall, and the excavation device is started to excavate;
S6: stopping tunneling after the excavation depth of the excavation device in the center of the shaft reaches the feeding stroke of the pushing oil cylinder, retracting the second supporting shoe mechanism, and fully retracting the pushing oil cylinder to enable the excavation device to be lifted to the initial height; the pipe joint pressure lifting device controls the pipe joint to slowly sink; if the friction force of the outer wall of the shaft is too large, antifriction slurry can be injected into a gap between the well wall and the stratum through a grouting channel in the shaft so as to reduce the sinking resistance of the shaft; the pipe joint pressure lifting device controls the speed and the direction in the sinking process of the pipe joint, so that the phenomena of deflection and sudden sinking are prevented;
S7: after the pipe joint is sunk to a preset position, assembling the next ring pipe joint, and repeatedly tunneling according to the steps S5 and S6;
S8: after the shaft is sunk to the designed depth, the excavating device swings to the center of the shaft, the propulsion cylinder of the propulsion system is completely retracted, the first supporting shoe mechanism and the second supporting shoe mechanism are completely retracted, and the equipment is integrally lifted out of the well through a steel wire rope and is quickly disassembled and assembled so as to be reused next time;
S9: backfilling the slag soil, sealing the bottom by using concrete, and finishing the open caisson.
6. The construction method of the open caisson method shaft heading machine according to claim 5, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the excavation in step S5 includes the steps of: s5.1: the excavating device swings the milling and excavating head to the central position of a shaft through a swing oil cylinder, the excavating device is started, and meanwhile, the driving device is started to drive the rotary platform to rotate, so that the excavating device is driven to rotate in the shaft, and meanwhile, the pushing oil cylinder in the pushing system is controlled to feed downwards, so that longitudinal tunneling and excavating of rock and soil in the central position of the shaft are realized;
s5.2, after rock and soil at the center of the well completion cylinder are excavated, the pushing oil cylinder is retracted, the excavating device swings the milling and excavating head to one side through the swinging oil cylinder, and the slag system collects and conveys slag soil at the bottom center of the well out of the well;
S5.3, driving a propulsion cylinder of the propulsion system and a swing cylinder of the excavating device to enable the excavating device to be repositioned to the position of the step S5.1; then, the pushing oil cylinder contracts for a certain stroke, the excavating device swings the milling head to the outside for a certain angle through the swinging oil cylinder, and the tightening oil cylinder of the second supporting shoe mechanism extends out to improve equipment stability; then driving the rotary platform to drive the excavating device to perform rotary motion, excavating rock and soil outside the rotary center, and throwing the excavated slag and soil into pits excavated by S5.1 and S5.2 along with the swing and autorotation of the excavating device, wherein the slag and soil are immediately collected and carried out by a slag discharging system, the two actions of tunneling and slag discharging are not interfered with each other, and the continuous excavation of the open caisson is ensured;
S5.4, repeating the steps S5.1-S5.3 until the outer part of the cutter foot is opened, and then repeating the step S5.3, and simultaneously controlling the excavation profile of the excavation device to enable the profile of the rock and soil excavated at the lower part of the bottom pipe joint to be arc-shaped.
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