CN109618697A - A kind of cutting medium and Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method for Yin Maodan breeding - Google Patents
A kind of cutting medium and Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method for Yin Maodan breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109618697A CN109618697A CN201811641529.6A CN201811641529A CN109618697A CN 109618697 A CN109618697 A CN 109618697A CN 201811641529 A CN201811641529 A CN 201811641529A CN 109618697 A CN109618697 A CN 109618697A
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- maodan
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cutting mediums and Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method for Yin Maodan breeding.The cutting medium is made of at least one of vermiculite and river sand and peat soil.The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method includes the maternal 1 year raw lignifying branch of S1, clip；S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 8-12cm；S3, the cutting medium is subjected to disinfecting action, the cutting medium is fitted into container slotting machine, and the container slotting machine equipped with matrix is put into arched shed；S4, the cuttings for obtaining S2 are inserted into fixed in the cutting medium.Yin Maodan is bred using the cutting medium, the rooting efficiency of cuttage is good, and rooting rate is high.The method uses the matrix being configured to by peat soil, vermiculite, river sand, and preparation method of base material is simple, and the rooting efficiency of cuttage is good；In addition, this method uses container as slotting machine, cooperate simple arch hut, saves capital construction cost, improve the mobility and flexibility of slotting machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant cuttage propagation technical fields, and in particular to it is a kind of for Yin Maodan breeding cutting medium and
Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method.
Background technique
Yin Maodan (Tibouchina aspera var.asperrima), the male flower of the Melastomataceae base of a fruit belong to evergreen shrubs, originate in
America.Yin Maodan, germination is strong, resistance to trimming, has extremely strong resistance.Its blade is peculiar, circle and it is plump, be thick with leaves, leaf table
Face have apparent arc arteries and veins and raw silver gray fur, general purple during petal is lilac be highly suitable for afforestation, be a kind of sight
The ornamental plant that reward value is high and landscape effect is good.
Yin Maodan is few solid or shaky, and breeding coefficient is small, sowing difficulty is big.But because its branch is more, fringe bar can be obtained
Extensively, generally cottage method is mostly used to be bred in the actual production process.
Document " tender skilful exquisite Yin Maodan " (Hu Yimin, Luo Xumei [J] flowers and trees bonsai (flower gardening), 2005 (1):
The cottage method of Yin Maodan a kind of is disclosed in 42-43), comprising: spring went out before the Fang Houzhi midautumn, the annual sturdy branch of clip
Item, or current year raw lignifying branch；Branch is cut into the fringe section for being about 10cm-12cm, every braid 2-3 section, lower cut position
In saving lower 0.2cm-0.3cm, 2-4 blade can be retained, blade can not also be retained；Cuttings is inserted into sand bed or vermiculite, use is wet
The husky matrix for going the rice chaff ash of alkalinity to be made into the ratio of 1:1 with leaching, rooting efficiency are best；Cuttings lower cut dips root-inducing powder medicine
Liquid 10 seconds, cuttings embedded depth was about the 1/2-2/3 of spike length, and covered cover plastic film moisturizing, suitably gives and shades, maintains
25-30 DEG C, complete the cutting propagation of Yin Maodan.This method is operated by cuttage, can successfully breed Yin Maodan, but used in this method
Matrix is sand bed or vermiculite, and the rooting rate of cuttings is not high, and the good matrix of rooting efficiency need to use the rice chaff ash that alkalinity is gone in leaching, match
Process processed is complicated, and the program need to build greenhouse, the breeding equipments such as mating sand bed, higher cost, and mobility is poor.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the invention solves first technical problem be to overcome used in Yin Maodan cutting propagation in the prior art
Cutting medium rooting rate is not high, the defect of process for preparation complexity, thus provide a kind of rooting rate it is high for Yin Maodan breeding
Cutting medium.
The invention solves second technical problem be to overcome Yin Maodan cutting propagation rooting rate in the prior art
Not high, reproductive process is complicated, and cutting propagation is at high cost, the defect of mobility difference, to provide, a kind of rooting rate is high, and operation is simple
Just, at low cost, the high Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method of flexible property.
For this purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that
The present invention provides a kind of cutting mediums for Yin Maodan breeding, by least one of vermiculite and river sand and mud
Charcoal local soil type at.
The described cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding, when being made of peat soil and vermiculite, peat soil and vermiculite
Mass ratio is 1-4:1；Or when being made of peat soil and river sand, the mass ratio of peat soil and river sand is 1-4:1；Or when by peat
When soil, river sand and vermiculite form, peat soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1-2:1-2:1-2.
The described cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding, when being made of peat soil and vermiculite, peat soil and vermiculite
Mass ratio is 2:1；Or when being made of peat soil and river sand, the mass ratio of peat soil and river sand is 2:1；Or when by peat soil,
When river sand and vermiculite form, peat soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1:1:1.
The present invention provides a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods, including using the cuttage for Yin Maodan breeding
Matrix.
The present invention provides a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods, include the following steps,
The maternal 1 year raw lignifying branch of S1, clip；
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 8-12cm；
S3, the cutting medium for being used for Yin Maodan breeding is sterilized, is subsequently filled into container slotting machine, and will dress
There is the container slotting machine of the cutting medium to be put into arched shed；
S4, the cuttings for obtaining S2 are inserted into fixed in the cutting medium.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method further includes maternal plant incubation step, in the previous year that cuttage is implemented, in mother
The strain growth retardation phase applies organic fertilizer；Respectively apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer, the fertilising in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period
It is carried out by the way of cyclic annular row replacement.
Preferably, the Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, it is described fertilising be each 0.1kg, at rhizome 15cm into
Row ring-type row replacement.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method further includes the management process after cuttage, and arch temperature of shed is kept after cuttage
It is 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C, 80% or more humidity, daytime sprayed arched shed ventilation, night closing every 10 days after cuttage
Fungicide.
Preferably, the Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, the fungicide are that the mass percent of 800 times of liquid is 50%
Carbendazim aqueous solution.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, in S1 step, the clip branch carries out in the fine day early morning of the 3-5 month,
It is spare into the water after the branch clip.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, in S2 step, described 2-3 section of cuttings band, cuttings upper end is flat nick,
Section 1cm apart from the top, cuttings lower end are angular cut, apart from the lowermost section 1cm, obtained cuttings are removed blade, is put
Enter spare in water.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, in S3 step, the sterilizing is, with the Gao Meng of mass percent 0.5%
Sour potassium solution sterilizes to the matrix.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, in S3 step, the container slotting machine is back cut diameter 23-27cm, height
The truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of 33-37cm, the arched shed specification are long (125-135cm) × wide (95-105cm) × height (95-
105cm), it is covered with the sunshade net of transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% outside the arched shed, hangs inside has thermometer and wet
Spend instrument；Preferably, in S3 step, the container slotting machine is back cut diameter 25cm, the truncated cone-shaped white non-woven fabric of height 35cm
Bag, the arched shed specification are long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, and transparent plastic film and shading are covered with outside the arched shed
The sunshade net of rate 70%, hangs inside have thermometer and hygronom.
The Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, in S4 step, before the cuttings insertion matrix, lower cut, which dips, takes root
The depth of powder, the cuttings insertion matrix is the 1/2-2/3 of cutting length.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
1. the present invention provides it is a kind of for Yin Maodan breeding cutting medium, by least one of vermiculite and river sand with
Peat soil composition；Further, when being made of peat soil and vermiculite, the mass ratio of peat soil and vermiculite is 1-4:1；Or when by
When peat soil and river sand form, the mass ratio of peat soil and river sand is 1-4:1；Or when being made of peat soil, river sand and vermiculite,
Peat soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1-2:1-2:1-2；Further, when being made of peat soil and vermiculite, peat soil
Mass ratio with vermiculite is 2:1；Or when being made of peat soil and river sand, the mass ratio of peat soil and river sand is 2:1；Or when by
When peat soil, river sand and vermiculite form, peat soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1:1:1；By using the matrix of said ratio
For Yin Maodan cutting propagation, Yin Maodan cutting plantation can be greatly improved, the radical amount with sprouting is big, root long degree is long
With the advantage of cuttings healthy growth, and process for preparation is simple, does not need the rice chaff ash that alkalinity is gone in leaching.
2. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, including, the maternal 1 year raw lignifying branch of S1, clip；
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 8-12cm；S3, the cutting medium for being used for Yin Maodan breeding is sterilized, by institute
It states cutting medium to be fitted into container slotting machine, and the container slotting machine equipped with matrix is put into arched shed；S4, the cuttings for obtaining S2 are inserted
Entering in the cutting medium and fixes, this method is prepared to obtain cutting medium using peat soil, vermiculite, river sand according to the ratio,
Preparation method of base material is simple, and the rooting efficiency of cuttage is good；In addition, this method uses container as slotting machine, cooperate simple arch small
Canopy can select different cutting mediums according to different feature of plant, sand bed that no replacement is required, and be moved easily, bad on the spot environment
When, it can move in the environment being more suitable for and be managed cultivation, save capital construction cost, improve the mobility and flexibility of slotting machine.
3. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, further includes maternal plant incubation step, implement in cuttage
The previous year applies organic fertilizer in the maternal plant growth retardation phase；Respectively apply 1 tri compound in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period
Fertilizer, the fertilising are carried out by the way of cyclic annular row replacement, are cultivated by female parent, it is ensured that maternal plant nutritional sufficiency, to make clip
Shoot vegetative it is sufficient, improve cuttage survival rate；By the way of 3 top dressings in 1 year, save manpower and time；Using cyclic annular item
The mode applied is applied fertilizer, and can avoid in the fertilization mode of tradition blade face, damage of the fertilizer to blade avoids the shadow to plant appearance
It rings.
4. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, further includes, the management process after cuttage is protected after cuttage
Holding arch temperature of shed is 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C, and 80% or more humidity, daytime is to arched shed ventilation, night closing, after cuttage
Suitable temperature and humidity is kept after making cuttage, is passed through by the management process after cuttage every the fungicide of sprinkling in 10 days
Spraying fungicide can effectively prevent seedling and be encroached on by germ.
5. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, in S1 step, the clip branch is fine the 3-5 month
Its early morning carries out, spare into the water after the branch clip, carries out branch clip by the fine day early morning in the 3-5 month, can obtain
Obtain the branch of nutritional sufficiency, suitable cuttage；Into the water by the branch after clip, branch dehydration can be prevented, improve cuttage success
Rate.
6. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, in S2 step, described 2-3, cuttings band is saved, cuttings
Upper end is flat nick, the section 1cm apart from the top, and cuttings lower end is angular cut, apart from the lowermost section 1cm, is inserted what is obtained
Fringe removes blade, spare into the water, by tiltedly cutting cuttings end, cuttings is made to be easier to the moisture in absorption base and nutrient；
Obtained cuttings is removed into blade, and into the water, moisture evaporation can be effectively reduced, prevention cuttings dehydration improves cuttage success
Rate.
7. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, in S3 step, the sterilizing is to use mass percent
0.5% liquor potassic permanganate sterilizes to the matrix, and liquor potassic permanganate can make bacterial metabolism function that obstacle occur, and leads to
It crosses and sprays liquor potassic permanganate into matrix, can reach the purpose to cutting medium sterilizing.
8. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, in S3 step, the container slotting machine is back cut diameter
The truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of 23-27cm, height 33-37cm, the arched shed specification are long (125-135cm) × wide (95-
105cm) × high (95-105cm), the arched shed are covered with the sunshade net of transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% outside, and inside is outstanding
Hang with thermometer and hygronom；Further, in S3 step, the container slotting machine is back cut diameter 25cm, the circle of height 35cm
Platform shape white non-woven cloth bag, the arched shed specification are long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, are covered with outside the arched shed transparent
The sunshade net of plastic film and shading rate 70%, hangs inside have thermometer and hygronom, by using truncated cone-shaped white non-woven
The container of cloth bag cooperates the small film canopy of simple arch, it can be achieved that selecting different cuttage bases according to different feature of plant as slotting machine
Matter, sand bed that no replacement is required, and be moved easily, when on the spot environment is bad, it can move in the environment being more suitable for and be managed
Cultivation, in actual production can effectively save capital construction cost, increase mobility and flexibility；Due to Yin Maodan happiness warm and moist and
Half shade environment is afraid of strong light exposure, and by installing sunshade net additional outside arched shed, suspension thermometer and hygronom in arched shed can be in canopies
Environment is controlled, and the survival and growth of Yin Maodan are conducive to.
9. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method provided by the invention, in S4 step, before the cuttings insertion matrix, incision
Mouth dips root-inducing powder, and the depth of the cuttings insertion matrix is that the 1/2-2/3 of cutting length can promote by dipping root-inducing powder
Cuttage branch is taken root, and rooting rate and survival rate are improved.
Specific embodiment
In following implementation, Yin Maodan maternal plant used is to introduce a fine variety from South China Botanical Garden for 2010, after taming successfully,
Field planting in 2013 has landed growth 5 years in Botanic Garden introduction and acclimatization area, Xiamen City；Organic fertilizer used, tri compound
Fertilizer and root-inducing powder are commercial product, and wherein organic fertilizer is organic fermented type fertilizer of lucky star source biotech firm production, and ternary is multiple
Hefei is purchased from Order benefit, and root-inducing powder is the ABT broad spectrum activity root-inducing powder that Shanghai third is produced with Chemical Company.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil and vermiculite, peat soil
Mass ratio with vermiculite is 1:1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil and vermiculite, peat soil
Mass ratio with vermiculite is 4:1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil and vermiculite, peat soil
Mass ratio with vermiculite is 2:1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil and river sand, peat soil
Mass ratio with river sand is 1:1.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil and river sand, peat soil
Mass ratio with river sand is 4:1.
Embodiment 6
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil and river sand, peat soil
Mass ratio with river sand is 2:1.
Embodiment 7
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil, river sand and vermiculite, mud
Charcoal soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1:2:1.
Embodiment 8
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil, river sand and vermiculite, mud
Charcoal soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 2:1:2.
Embodiment 9
A kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding is present embodiments provided, is made of peat soil, river sand and vermiculite, mud
Charcoal soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1:1:1.
Embodiment 10
A kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method is present embodiments provided, including, S1, the previous year implemented in cuttage, in mother
For 2 months application organic fertilizers of September-second year of strain growth retardation phase as base manure, fertilizer is solid fertilizer, using cyclic annular row replacement, is embedded in
At stem 15cm；Respectively apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period, applies 0.1kg every time, adopt
With cyclic annular row replacement, it is embedded at stem 15cm.In the fine day early morning in second year March, clip female parent life in 1 year is not damaged, disease-free
Branch after cutting is bundled into bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates by the lignifying branch of insect pest, spare.
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 8cm, and each 2-3 section of cuttings band, cuttings upper end is flat nick, away from
Section 1cm from the top, cuttings lower end is angular cut, and apart from the lowermost section 1cm, obtained cuttings is removed blade, 50
Cuttings is a bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates, spare.
S3, peat soil, vermiculite, river sand are mixed according to mass ratio 1:1:1 to prepare matrix, and uses mass percent
0.5% liquor potassic permanganate sterilizes to matrix, and it is spare to obtain cutting medium.
S4, the matrix for obtaining S3 step are packed into back cut diameter 25cm, and the truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of height 35cm holds
In device, make in matrix along away from, along 5cm, then neatly being put in Small plastic shed equipped with the container of matrix, arched shed specification on container
For long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, arched shed is covered with the sunshade net of transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% outside, internal
It is hung with thermometer and hygronom.
S5, the cuttings lower cut that S2 is obtained is dipped into ABT broad spectrum activity root-inducing powder, first pricks hole in matrix with small wooden, then
The cuttings for having dipped root-inducing powder is inserted in hole respectively, the depth of insertion is the 2/3 of cutting length, then by the base around cuttings
Matter compacting, sprinkles profoundly water immediately to fix cuttings.
Management after S6, cuttage, it is 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C that arch temperature of shed is kept after cuttage, checks humidity in canopy daily
Situation is then not required to teeming water as can seeing the tiny droplet of cloth on film, when as found that the droplet on film is few, then morning 9:
00 uncovers side film, is sprayed water with spray kettle, to keep humidity after 80% or more, cuttage, before daytime opens film
Both ends are aerated ventilation afterwards, close and again after night 6:00.Every the quality percentage of the 1 800 times of liquid of spray in 10 days after cuttage
The carbendazim aqueous solution that number is 50%.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 11
A kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method is present embodiments provided, including, S1, the previous year implemented in cuttage, in mother
For 2 months application organic fertilizers of September-second year of strain growth retardation phase as base manure, fertilizer is solid fertilizer, using cyclic annular row replacement, is embedded in
At stem 15cm；Respectively apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period, applies 0.1kg every time, adopt
With cyclic annular row replacement, it is embedded at stem 15cm.In the fine day early morning in second year May, clip female parent life in 1 year is not damaged, disease-free
Branch after cutting is bundled into bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates by the lignifying branch of insect pest, spare.
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 10cm, and each 2-3 section of cuttings band, cuttings upper end is flat nick, away from
Section 1cm from the top, cuttings lower end is angular cut, and apart from the lowermost section 1cm, obtained cuttings is removed blade, 50
Cuttings is a bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates, spare.
S3, peat soil, vermiculite are mixed according to mass ratio 2:1 to prepare matrix, and with the Gao Meng of mass percent 0.5%
Sour potassium solution sterilizes to matrix, and it is spare to obtain cutting medium.
S4, the matrix for obtaining S3 step are packed into back cut diameter 25cm, and the truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of height 35cm holds
In device, make in matrix along away from, along 5cm, then neatly being put in Small plastic shed equipped with the container of matrix, arched shed specification on container
For long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, arched shed is covered with the sunshade net of transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% outside, internal
It is hung with thermometer and hygronom.
S5, the cuttings lower cut that S2 is obtained is dipped into ABT broad spectrum activity root-inducing powder, first pricks hole in matrix with small wooden, then
The cuttings for having dipped root-inducing powder is inserted in hole respectively, the depth of insertion is the 2/3 of cutting length, then by the base around cuttings
Matter compacting, sprinkles profoundly water immediately to fix cuttings.
Management after S6, cuttage, it is 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C that arch temperature of shed is kept after cuttage, checks humidity in canopy daily
Situation is then not required to teeming water as can seeing the tiny droplet of cloth on film, when as found that the droplet on film is few, then morning 9:
00 uncovers side film, is sprayed water with spray kettle, to keep humidity after 80% or more, cuttage, before daytime opens film
Both ends are aerated ventilation afterwards, close and again after night 6:00.Every the quality percentage of the 1 800 times of liquid of spray in 10 days after cuttage
The carbendazim aqueous solution that number is 50%.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 12
A kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method is present embodiments provided, including, S1, the previous year implemented in cuttage, in mother
For 2 months application organic fertilizers of September-second year of strain growth retardation phase as base manure, fertilizer is solid fertilizer, using cyclic annular row replacement, is embedded in
At stem 15cm；Respectively apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period, applies 0.1kg every time, adopt
With cyclic annular row replacement, it is embedded at stem 15cm.In the fine day early morning in second year April, clip female parent life in 1 year is not damaged, disease-free
Branch after cutting is bundled into bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates by the lignifying branch of insect pest, spare.
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 12cm, and each 2-3 section of cuttings band, cuttings upper end is flat nick, away from
Section 1cm from the top, cuttings lower end is angular cut, and apart from the lowermost section 1cm, obtained cuttings is removed blade, 50
Cuttings is a bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates, spare.
S3, peat soil, river sand are mixed according to mass ratio 2:1 to prepare matrix, and with the Gao Meng of mass percent 0.5%
Sour potassium solution sterilizes to matrix, and it is spare to obtain cutting medium；
S4, the matrix for obtaining S3 step are packed into back cut diameter 25cm, and the truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of height 35cm holds
In device, make in matrix along away from, along 5cm, then neatly being put in Small plastic shed equipped with the container of matrix, arched shed specification on container
For long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, arched shed is covered with the sunshade net of transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% outside, internal
It is hung with thermometer and hygronom.
S5, the cuttings lower cut that S2 is obtained is dipped into ABT broad spectrum activity root-inducing powder, first pricks hole in matrix with small wooden, then
The cuttings for having dipped root-inducing powder is inserted in hole respectively, the depth of insertion is the 1/2 of cutting length, then by the base around cuttings
Matter compacting, sprinkles profoundly water immediately to fix cuttings.
Management after S6, cuttage, it is 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C that arch temperature of shed is kept after cuttage, checks humidity in canopy daily
Situation is then not required to teeming water as can seeing the tiny droplet of cloth on film, when as found that the droplet on film is few, then morning 9:
00 uncovers side film, is sprayed water with spray kettle, to keep humidity after 80% or more, cuttage, before daytime opens film
Both ends are aerated ventilation afterwards, close and again after night 6:00.Every the quality percentage of the 1 800 times of liquid of spray in 10 days after cuttage
The carbendazim aqueous solution that number is 50%.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 13
A kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method is present embodiments provided, including, S1, the previous year implemented in cuttage, in mother
For 2 months application organic fertilizers of September-second year of strain growth retardation phase as base manure, fertilizer is solid fertilizer, using cyclic annular row replacement, is embedded in
At stem 15cm；Respectively apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period, applies 0.1kg every time, adopt
With cyclic annular row replacement, it is embedded at stem 15cm.In the fine day early morning in second year April, clip female parent life in 1 year is not damaged, disease-free
Branch after cutting is bundled into bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates by the lignifying branch of insect pest, spare.
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 12cm, and each 2-3 section of cuttings band, cuttings upper end is flat nick, away from
Section 1cm from the top, cuttings lower end is angular cut, and apart from the lowermost section 1cm, obtained cuttings is removed blade, 50
Cuttings is a bundle, is put into the bucket equipped with water and impregnates, spare.
S3, peat soil, river sand are mixed according to mass ratio 4:1 to prepare matrix, and with the Gao Meng of mass percent 0.5%
Sour potassium solution sterilizes to matrix, and it is spare to obtain cutting medium；
S4, the matrix for obtaining S3 step are packed into back cut diameter 25cm, and the truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of height 35cm holds
In device, make in matrix along away from, along 5cm, then neatly being put in Small plastic shed equipped with the container of matrix, arched shed specification on container
For long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, arched shed is covered with the sunshade net of transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% outside, internal
It is hung with thermometer and hygronom.
S5, the cuttings lower cut that S2 is obtained is dipped into ABT broad spectrum activity root-inducing powder, first pricks hole in matrix with small wooden, then
The cuttings for having dipped root-inducing powder is inserted in hole respectively, the depth of insertion is the 1/2 of cutting length, then by the base around cuttings
Matter compacting, sprinkles profoundly water immediately to fix cuttings.
Management after S6, cuttage, it is 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C that arch temperature of shed is kept after cuttage, checks humidity in canopy daily
Situation is then not required to teeming water as can seeing the tiny droplet of cloth on film, when as found that the droplet on film is few, then morning 9:
00 uncovers side film, is sprayed water with spray kettle, to keep humidity after 80% or more, cuttage, before daytime opens film
Both ends are aerated ventilation afterwards, close and again after night 6:00.Every the quality percentage of the 1 800 times of liquid of spray in 10 days after cuttage
The carbendazim aqueous solution that number is 50%.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Yin Maodan cutting propagation is carried out according to method similar with embodiment 11, the difference is that, in S3 step, cuttage
Matrix is pure peat.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
Yin Maodan cutting propagation is carried out according to method similar with embodiment 11, the difference is that, in S3 step, cuttage
Matrix is pure vermiculite.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
Yin Maodan cutting propagation is carried out according to method similar with embodiment 11, the difference is that, in S3 step, cuttage
Matrix is pure river sand.
After cuttage 35 days, cuttings is carefully dug, keeps complete root system as far as possible, cleans the matrix on root with tap water,
According to rooting rate=cuttings of taking root quantity/total cuttings quantity * 100%, Yin Maodan cuttage seedling rooting rate is calculated, and measure seedling
The several and seedling that averagely takes root is averaged root long, and acquired results are shown in Table 1.
The rooting rate of 1 Yin Maodan cutting propagation of table, the seedling several and seedling that averagely takes root are averaged root long result
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of cutting medium for Yin Maodan breeding, which is characterized in that by least one of vermiculite and river sand and peat
Local soil type at.
2. the cutting medium according to claim 1 for Yin Maodan breeding, which is characterized in that
When being made of peat soil and vermiculite, the mass ratio of peat soil and vermiculite is 1-4:1；Or
When being made of peat soil and river sand, the mass ratio of peat soil and river sand is 1-4:1；Or
When being made of peat soil, river sand and vermiculite, peat soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1-2:1-2:1-2.
3. the cutting medium according to claim 1 or 2 for Yin Maodan breeding, which is characterized in that when by peat soil and
When vermiculite forms, the mass ratio of peat soil and vermiculite is 2:1；Or
When being made of peat soil and river sand, the mass ratio of peat soil and river sand is 2:1；Or
When being made of peat soil, river sand and vermiculite, peat soil, river sand and vermiculite mass ratio are 1:1:1.
4. a kind of Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method, which is characterized in that including being used for Yin Maodan using of any of claims 1 or 2
The cutting medium of breeding.
5. Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method according to claim 4, which comprises the steps of:
The maternal 1 year raw lignifying branch of S1, clip；
S2, the branch for obtaining S1 are cut into the cuttings of 8-12cm；
S3, the described in any item cutting mediums for being used for Yin Maodan breeding of claim 1-3 are sterilized, is subsequently filled into container
In slotting machine, and the container slotting machine equipped with the cutting medium is put into arched shed；
S4, the cuttings for obtaining S2 are inserted into fixed in the cutting medium.
6. Yin Maodan cuttage breeding method according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that further include that maternal plant cultivates step
Suddenly, the previous year implemented in cuttage applies organic fertilizer in the maternal plant growth retardation phase；It is each in the March, May, August in maternal plant growth period
Apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer, the fertilising is carried out by the way of cyclic annular row replacement.
7. according to the described in any item Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods of claim 4-6, which is characterized in that further include, after cuttage
Management process, after cuttage keep arch temperature of shed be 13.5 DEG C -28.5 DEG C, 80% or more humidity, daytime to arched shed ventilation change
Gas, night closing, every the fungicide of sprinkling in 10 days after cuttage.
8. according to the described in any item Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods of claim 4-7, which is characterized in that described in S1 step
Clip branch carries out in the fine day early morning of the 3-5 month, spare into the water after the branch clip.
9. according to the described in any item Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods of claim 4-8, which is characterized in that described in S2 step
2-3 section of cuttings band, cuttings upper end are flat nick, and the section 1cm apart from the top, cuttings lower end is angular cut, apart from bottom
Section 1cm, by obtained cuttings remove blade, it is spare into the water.
10. according to the described in any item Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods of claim 4-9, which is characterized in that described in S3 step
Sterilizing is to be sterilized with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass percent 0.5% to the matrix.
11. according to the described in any item Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods of claim 4-10, which is characterized in that in S3 step, institute
Stating container slotting machine is back cut diameter 23-27cm, the truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of height 33-37cm, and the arched shed specification is length
(125-135cm) × wide (95-105cm) × height (95-105cm), the arched shed are covered with transparent plastic film and shading rate outside
70% sunshade net, hangs inside have thermometer and hygronom；Preferably, in S3 step, the container slotting machine is back cut diameter
The truncated cone-shaped white non-woven cloth bag of 25cm, height 35cm, the arched shed specification are long 130cm × wide 100cm × high 100cm, institute
The sunshade net that transparent plastic film and shading rate 70% are covered with outside arched shed is stated, hangs inside has thermometer and hygronom.
12. according to the described in any item Yin Maodan cuttage breeding methods of claim 4-11, which is characterized in that in S4 step, institute
Before stating cuttings insertion matrix, lower cut dips root-inducing powder, and the depth of the cuttings insertion matrix is the 1/2-2/3 of cutting length.
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