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CN109604647A - Transmission system for CNC machine tools - Google Patents

Transmission system for CNC machine tools Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109604647A
CN109604647A CN201811588076.5A CN201811588076A CN109604647A CN 109604647 A CN109604647 A CN 109604647A CN 201811588076 A CN201811588076 A CN 201811588076A CN 109604647 A CN109604647 A CN 109604647A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
main shaft
transmission system
numerically
machine tool
controlled machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811588076.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
栾飞
桓源
田帅博
荆礼
王桯
马军
魏引焕
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Original Assignee
Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shaanxi University of Science and Technology filed Critical Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN201811588076.5A priority Critical patent/CN109604647A/en
Publication of CN109604647A publication Critical patent/CN109604647A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02Driving main working members
    • B23Q5/04Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
    • B23Q5/10Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/04Work clamping means using fluid means or a vacuum

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种数控机床用传动系统,包括箱体,所述箱体的的内下方设置有主轴套,主轴套内转动设置有主轴,主轴为空心轴,主轴的一端通过电机驱动,电机固定在所述箱体的侧下方,主轴内滑动设置拉刀杆,拉刀杆的一端连接有刀柄,拉刀杆的另一端安装有压动棒,拉杆刀上设置有碟簧垫,压动棒两端分别从主轴上的一对滑槽中伸出,压动棒外设置有活塞,活塞滑动设置在主轴套内。该数控机床用传动系统,采用液压系统可以改变油缸的进出油腔,能够满足较大夹紧力的要求,实现刀具的松开和夹紧动作,结构紧凑,动作灵敏,传动平稳,容易实现自动化。

The invention discloses a transmission system for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a box body, a main shaft sleeve is arranged at the inner and lower part of the box body, a main shaft is rotatably arranged in the main shaft sleeve, the main shaft is a hollow shaft, one end of the main shaft is driven by a motor, and the motor It is fixed under the side of the box body, a broach rod is slidably arranged in the main shaft, one end of the broach rod is connected with a shank, the other end of the broach rod is installed with a pressing rod, and the tie rod knife is provided with a disc spring pad to press the rod. The two ends of the moving rod respectively protrude from a pair of chute grooves on the main shaft, a piston is arranged outside the pressing rod, and the piston is slidably arranged in the main shaft sleeve. The transmission system for CNC machine tools adopts the hydraulic system to change the in and out of the oil cavity of the oil cylinder, which can meet the requirements of large clamping force and realize the loosening and clamping action of the tool. The structure is compact, the action is sensitive, the transmission is stable, and it is easy to realize automation. .

Description

Numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine tooling equipment technical fields, more particularly to a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system.
Background technique
With continuous development of the Numeric Control Technology in field of machining, more and more mechanical production devices are all continuous Ground develops to high-precision, efficient, high speed, high-intelligentization field, while also to machine-tool spindle system, more stringent requirements are proposed.
The spindle unit of numerically-controlled machine tool is one of important component of numerically-controlled machine tool, and main includes the support and peace of main shaft Driving parts on main shaft.Due to the fluid drive of main shaft, it is quasi- stop and automatic tool changer all influences the degree of automation of lathe, So it is required that the axis system of CNC milling machine machining center has good rigidity, thermal stability, shock resistance and precision stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system, rigidity, the heat to improve axis system are steady Qualitative, shock resistance and precision.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that, a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system is wrapped It includes:
The interior lower section of cabinet, the cabinet is provided with collar bush;
Main shaft, the main shaft are rotatably arranged in the collar bush by first bearing group and second bearing group, and main shaft is Hollow shaft, one end of main shaft is by motor driven, and the motor is fixed on the side-lower of the cabinet, and sliding setting is drawn in main shaft Knife bar, one end of the broaching tool bar are connected with knife handle, and the other end of broaching tool bar, which is equipped with, presses stick, are provided in the middle part of pull rod knife Disc spring pad, the stick both ends that press are stretched out from a pair of of sliding slot on main shaft respectively, are pressed and are provided with piston, the piston outside stick It is slidably arranged in collar bush, the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet for pushing piston motion is provided with outside the collar bush;
Outer separator and inner spacing collar are provided between the first bearing group and the second bearing group, the inner spacing collar is located at In the outer separator, one end of the bearing holder (housing, cover) is provided with the first gland, the outside of first gland and first bearing group it Between be provided with the first spacer, locking nut is provided on the main shaft, between the locking nut and the outside of second bearing group It is provided with the second spacer, the other end of bearing holder (housing, cover) is provided with the second gland, and the outside of the piston is provided with positioning ring.
Technical solution of the present invention also has the following characteristics that
The motor is stepper motor.
The first bearing group includes row angular contact ball axis at a double row cylindrical roller bearing and 60 ° of corner connections It holds.
The second bearing group includes a pair of of radial thrust bearing.
One end of the main shaft is provided with shaft coupling, and the shaft coupling is connected by the shaft of rotary joint and the motor It connects.
One end of the rotary joint is connect with shaft coupling keyway, and the other end of rotary joint and the shaft thread of motor connect It connects.
The side of the shaft coupling is connected with shaft coupling diaphragm.
The pull rod knife is formed by connecting by the first pull rod knife and the second pull rod knife.
The side of the knife handle includes tapered surface, and one end of the main shaft is provided with the taper to match with the tapered surface Hole.
It is provided with keyway on the knife handle, the key with keyway cooperation is provided in the main shaft.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: design process automation can be achieved in (1), machining accuracy and quality are improved, shortens and produces The product lead time;(2) structure is simple, control is easy, tool changing is reliable, general BT40 knife handle;(3) hydraulic system, Ke Yigai are used The disengaging oil pocket for becoming oil cylinder, can satisfy the requirement of larger clamping force, realizes release and the pinching action of cutter, compact-sized, It is sensitive, stable drive, automation easy to accomplish;(4) setting accuracy is high, meets high-precision processing request;(5) main shaft passes System advantage: the bearing type and collocation form of main shaft selection is moved, the high revolving speed of main shaft is able to satisfy and bears biggish axial load Lotus requires, and after main shaft temperature distortion, does not influence machining accuracy;(6) it is placed vertically when working, occupied space is few.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of perspective view of numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system of the invention;
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 removes the cross-sectional view after cabinet;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram in Fig. 1 between knife handle and pull rod knife.
In figure, 1. knife handles, 2. first glands, 3. collar bushes, 4. first bearing groups, 5. outer separators, 6. inner spacing collars, 7. second Bearing group, 8. pistons, 9. second glands, 10. press stick, 11. positioning rings, 12. main shafts, 13. first spacers, 14. blind rivets, and 15. Collet, 16. drawing bodies, 17. disc spring pads, 18. first pull rod knives, 19. second spacers, 20. locking nuts, 21. first oil inlets, 22. the second oil inlet, 23. second pull rod knives, 24. shaft couplings, 25. shaft coupling diaphragms, 26. rotary joints, 27. motors, 28. casees Body, 29. keyways.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with Detailed description of the invention and specific embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system of the invention, including cabinet 28, cabinet 28 it is interior under Side is provided with collar bush 3, and the side-lower of cabinet 28 is provided with motor 27.
First bearing group 4 and second bearing group 7, the inner ring and second bearing group of first bearing group 4 are provided in collar bush 3 Main shaft 12 is provided in 7 inner ring.Main shaft 12 be hollow shaft, i.e., the inside of main shaft 12 be hollow structure, the shaft of motor 27 with One end of main shaft 12 connects, and sliding setting broaching tool bar, pull rod knife are connected by the first pull rod knife 18 and the second pull rod knife 23 in main shaft 12 It connects, the other end of broaching tool bar is connected with knife handle 1, and tool bore is provided in knife handle 1, and cutter is mountable in tool bore, pull rod knife On be additionally provided with and disc spring pad 17 and press stick 10, a pair of of sliding slot is provided on main shaft 12, presses 10 both ends of stick respectively from main shaft This on 12 presses to stretching out in sliding slot and is provided with piston 8 outside stick 10, piston 8 is slidably disposed in collar bush 3, main shaft It is provided with outside set 3 and pushes sporting first oil inlet 21 of piston 8 and the second oil inlet 22, the first oil inlet 21 and the second oil inlet Mouth is located at the two sides of piston 8.
As shown in Fig. 2, one end of the first pull rod knife 18, which is connected with, draws body 16, one end of knife handle 1 is provided with blind rivet 14, draws body 16 are linked together with blind rivet 14 by collet 15.
As shown in Figure 2, it is preferable that first bearing group 4 includes biserial at a double row cylindrical roller bearing and 60 ° of corner connections Angular contact ball bearing;It is also preferable that second bearing group 7 includes a pair of of radial thrust bearing.
This preferred disposition of first bearing group 4 and second bearing group 7, can be such that the integral stiffness of main shaft 12 significantly mentions Height meets the requirement of high-rate cutting.
As shown in Fig. 2, outer separator 5 and inner spacing collar 6 can also be arranged between first bearing group 4 and second bearing group 7, it is interior every Set 6 is located in outer separator 5, and one end of bearing holder (housing, cover) 3 is provided with the first gland 2, the outside of the first gland 2 and first bearing group 4 it Between be provided with the first spacer 13, locking nut 20 is provided on main shaft 12, between locking nut 20 and the outside of second bearing group 7 It is provided with the second spacer 19, the other end of bearing holder (housing, cover) 3 is provided with the second gland 9, and the outside of piston 8 is provided with positioning ring 11.The The pretightning force of two bearing groups 7 is compressed with locking nut 20 by the second spacer 19, locking by the self-locking realization of locking nut 20 The axial position of each bearing and main shaft 12, and pretightning force is generated to bearing, while passing through the adjustment of locking nut 20, make main shaft 12 Pre-stretching is generated, to improve the rigidity and thermal deformation of main shaft 12.Gap between first bearing group 4 and second bearing group 7 it is outer every 5, inner spacing collar 6 and the first spacer 13 are covered to adjust, to generate pretightning force.
As shown in Fig. 2, one end of main shaft 12 is provided with shaft coupling 24, shaft coupling 24 passes through rotary joint 26 and motor 27 Shaft connection, specifically one end of rotary joint 26 is connect with 24 keyway of shaft coupling, the other end and motor of rotary joint 26 27 shaft thread connection.Shaft coupling 24 mainly ensures that the shaft passing movement of main shaft 12 and motor 27 is turned round together in the process, Ensure that the two cannot come off under normal circumstances.
As shown in Fig. 2, the side of shaft coupling 24 is connected with shaft coupling diaphragm 25, it can be achieved that gap without spin, so not by Temperature and greasy dirt influence.
As shown in figure 3, the side of knife handle 1 includes tapered surface, one end of main shaft 12 is provided with the cone to match with tapered surface On the one hand shape hole can ensure that knife handle 1 can smoothly enter into main shaft 12, on the other hand can ensure that knife handle 1 is clamped in by main shaft 12 In it.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is provided with keyway 29 on knife handle 1, is provided with key in main shaft 12.In order to realize automatic tool changer, It is packed into manipulator accurately in main shaft 12 cutter, the keyway 29 on knife handle 1 must be directed at insertion with the key of main shaft 12.
As shown in Fig. 2, pressure oil enters from the second oil inlet 22, and piston 8 is hydraulic at this time when cutter needs will clamp It is moved to right under the action of oil, presses stick 10 and also move to right therewith, and then by driving broaching tool bar, broaching tool bar passes through collet 15 for knife at this time Handle 1 pulls in the interior of main shaft 12, and the inner conical surface of the tapered surface of knife handle 1 and the bellmouth of main shaft 12 is made to mutually compress and be fitted close, Knife handle 1 is clamped on main shaft 12 by positioning, so that it is guaranteed that cutter during machine cut in knife handle 1 will not be from main shaft 12 It falls down.
As shown in Fig. 2, when change need loosening cutter when, pressure oil enters from the first oil inlet 21, push piston 8 make broaching tool Bar moves to left, and draws body 16 to move to left with broaching tool bar at the larger aperture of main shaft 12 at this time, and broaching tool bar can push collet 23, folder First 23 will unclamp the blind rivet 14 on knife handle 1, and the front end of knife handle 1 be ejected main shaft 12, and then can will be in knife handle 1 with manipulator Pulling-out of cutter, carry out replacement or other operations.
Therefore numerically-controlled machine tool of the invention has the advantage that design process automation can be achieved in (1) with transmission system, mentions High manufacturing accuracy and quality shorten product development cycle;(2) structure is simple, control is easy, tool changing is reliable, general BT40 knife handle; (3) hydraulic system is used, thus it is possible to vary the disengaging oil pocket of oil cylinder can satisfy the requirement of larger clamping force, realize the pine of cutter It opens and pinching action.It is compact-sized, sensitive, stable drive, automation easy to accomplish;(4) setting accuracy is high, meets high Precision processing request;(5) main axis transmission system advantage: the bearing type and collocation form of main shaft selection are able to satisfy main shaft height Revolving speed and the biggish axial load requirement of receiving, after main shaft temperature distortion, do not influence machining accuracy;(6) it is placed vertically when working, Occupied space is few.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system characterized by comprising
Cabinet (28), the interior lower section of the cabinet are provided with collar bush (3);
Main shaft (12), the main shaft (12) are rotatably arranged on the collar bush by first bearing group (4) and second bearing group (7) (3) in, main shaft (12) is hollow shaft, and one end of main shaft (12) is driven by motor (27), and the motor (27) is fixed on described The side-lower of cabinet (28), the interior sliding setting broaching tool bar of main shaft (12), one end of the broaching tool bar is connected with knife handle (1), broaching tool The other end of bar, which is equipped with, to be pressed stick (10), is provided in the middle part of pull rod knife disc spring pad (17), described to press stick (10) both ends point It is not stretched out from a pair of of sliding slot on main shaft (12), presses and be provided with piston (8) outside stick (10), piston (8) the sliding setting In collar bush (3), the first oil inlet (21) for pushing piston (8) movement and the second oil inlet are provided with outside the collar bush (3) Mouth (22);
Outer separator (5) and inner spacing collar (6) are provided between the first bearing group (4) and the second bearing group (7), it is described interior Spacer (6) is located in the outer separator (5), and one end of the bearing holder (housing, cover) (3) is provided with the first gland (2), first gland (2) it is provided between the outside of first bearing group (4) the first spacer (13), is provided with locking nut on the main shaft (12) (20), it is provided with the second spacer (19) between the locking nut (20) and the outside of second bearing group (7), bearing holder (housing, cover) (3) The other end is provided with the second gland (9), and the outside of the piston (8) is provided with positioning ring (11).
2. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the motor (27) is stepping electricity Machine.
3. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first bearing group (4) includes Double-row angular contact ball bearing at one double row cylindrical roller bearing and 60 ° of corner connections.
4. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the second bearing group (7) includes A pair of of radial thrust bearing.
5. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that one end of the main shaft (12) is arranged Have shaft coupling (24), the shaft coupling (24) is connect by rotary joint (26) with the shaft of the motor (27).
6. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that one end of the rotary joint (26) It is connect with shaft coupling (24) keyway, the other end of rotary joint (26) is connect with the shaft thread of motor (27).
7. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the side of the shaft coupling (24) connects It is connected to shaft coupling diaphragm (25).
8. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pull rod knife is by the first pull rod knife (18) it is formed by connecting with the second pull rod knife (23).
9. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side of the knife handle (1) includes One end of tapered surface, the main shaft (12) is provided with the bellmouth to match with the tapered surface.
10. numerically-controlled machine tool transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side of the knife handle (1) is arranged Have keyway (29), the key with the keyway (29) cooperation is provided in the main shaft (12).
CN201811588076.5A 2018-12-25 2018-12-25 Transmission system for CNC machine tools Pending CN109604647A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811588076.5A CN109604647A (en) 2018-12-25 2018-12-25 Transmission system for CNC machine tools

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811588076.5A CN109604647A (en) 2018-12-25 2018-12-25 Transmission system for CNC machine tools

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109604647A true CN109604647A (en) 2019-04-12

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CN201811588076.5A Pending CN109604647A (en) 2018-12-25 2018-12-25 Transmission system for CNC machine tools

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109604647A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110095986A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-08-06 天津大学 A kind of matching process of precision machine tool feed system component rigidity
CN110549150A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-12-10 宁波镇海藤原电子科技有限公司 Automatic repositioning system for cutter installation
CN111189390A (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-22 陕西科技大学 A device for measuring geometric errors of machine tools based on the principle of laser interference
CN113635107A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-11-12 江苏益铨数控科技有限公司 Tool changing spindle of numerical control vertical milling machine
TWI780661B (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-11 寅翊智造股份有限公司 Spindle structure of machine tool

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CN208262383U (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-12-21 陕西阿米工业设计有限公司 A kind of vertical machining centre integral type main shaft device

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CN208262383U (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-12-21 陕西阿米工业设计有限公司 A kind of vertical machining centre integral type main shaft device

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110095986A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-08-06 天津大学 A kind of matching process of precision machine tool feed system component rigidity
CN110549150A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-12-10 宁波镇海藤原电子科技有限公司 Automatic repositioning system for cutter installation
CN111189390A (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-22 陕西科技大学 A device for measuring geometric errors of machine tools based on the principle of laser interference
TWI780661B (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-11 寅翊智造股份有限公司 Spindle structure of machine tool
CN113635107A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-11-12 江苏益铨数控科技有限公司 Tool changing spindle of numerical control vertical milling machine

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Application publication date: 20190412