CN109602461B - Bone marrow biopsy device and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a bone marrow biopsy device and a use method thereof, the tool is a clamp body structure formed by hinging the middle parts of two half clamp structures, the two half clamp structures are connected in a separable way, the cross sections of clamp mouths of the two half clamp structures are semi-annular, when the clamp body structure is closed, a needle core hole arranged along the length direction of the clamp body is formed between the closed clamp mouths, a threaded hole coaxial with the needle core hole is formed on a clamp handle of one half clamp structure, the hinging position of the two half clamp structures is arranged in a staggered way with the axial direction of the needle core hole so as to avoid interference between the hinging position and the needle core, the front ends of the clamp mouths are all saw-tooth blade structures arranged along the circumferential direction, the needle core penetrates through the threaded hole and the needle core hole, the tip end of the needle core extends out through the needle core hole at the clamp mouth end, and the needle core is in threaded connection with the threaded hole. The bone marrow specimen sampling tool solves the problems that the existing bone marrow specimen sampling tool is more in operation steps, inconvenient to use, poor in sampling integrity, difficult to take out specimens by instruments and the like. Belongs to the field of medical appliances.

Description

Bone marrow biopsy device and method of use thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to an improvement of a bone marrow biopsy device and belongs to the field of medical appliances.

Background technique

At present, the existing method of sampling bone specimens is to use a hollow sampling tube to taper into the bone to sample (similar to driving a cone-shaped tool into the bone). After taking it out, the needle is used to push the specimen out of the hollow sampling tube. This sampling tool is inconvenient to use. The use is not ergonomic, it is difficult to penetrate into the bone, and it is difficult to pull out after penetration. Even if it penetrates into the bone, the specimen is often not taken out with the sleeve, but remains in the body. Even if the specimen is taken out, the specimen taken out from the sleeve is not ergonomic. Specimens are often broken or incomplete. At the same time, due to the unreasonable design of the holding handle, the device that penetrates into the bone is difficult to pull out after taking the specimen when operating with sterile gloves, making it very inconvenient to use. .

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a bone marrow biopsy device and a method of use thereof, so as to solve the problems of current bone marrow sample sampling tools, which have many operating steps, are inconvenient to use, have poor specimen integrity, and are difficult to remove by instruments.

In order to solve the above problems, it is planned to use such a bone marrow biopsy device. The tool is a forceps structure made of two half forceps structures hinged in the middle, and the two half forceps structures are detachably connected. The cross-section of the jaws of the pliers structure is semi-circular. When the pliers body structure is closed, a needle core hole is formed between the closed pliers jaws along the length direction of the pliers body structure, and one of the pliers handles of the half-pliers structure is opened There is a first threaded hole coaxial with the needle core hole. The hinge of the two half-plier structures is axially offset from the needle core hole. The front ends of the pliers are all serrated blade-shaped structures arranged in the circumferential direction. The needle The core is inserted into the threaded hole and the needle core hole, and the tip of the needle core protrudes through the needle core hole at the mouth end of the pliers, and the needle core is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

In the aforementioned bone marrow biopsy device, the forceps handles on the two half forceps structures are both annular forceps handles, and one of the forceps handles is a four-finger forceps handle. The annular finger holes on the four-finger forceps handles are used to pass through the fingers except the thumb. The finger holes of the other four fingers are the palm holding part, and the other plier handle is the thumb plier handle. The annular finger hole on the thumb plier handle is used to pass through the finger hole of the thumb. The first threaded hole is opened on the four fingers. On the pliers handle, a second threaded hole is also provided in the middle of the half-plier structure where the thumb plier handle is located. The second threaded hole is coaxial with the first threaded hole. Both the second threaded hole and the first threaded hole are aligned with the outer surface of the needle core. The threads match.

In the aforementioned bone marrow biopsy device, when the forceps body structure is closed, there is a gap between the two jaws, and the width of the gap on both sides gradually increases from the jaw end to the handle end.

In the aforementioned bone marrow biopsy device, the curvature of the cross section of the front end of the forceps is 160-170 degrees.

The aforementioned bone marrow biopsy device also includes a locking device. Limiting holes are provided on the other sides of the two forceps handles opposite to the direction of the forceps mouth. The locking device has two limiting holes on the two forceps handles. The limit protrusion corresponding to the hole is a limit protrusion. The limit protrusion corresponding to the four-finger plier handle is provided with a through hole that is greater than or equal to the diameter of the needle core. The axial direction of the through hole is consistent with the screwing direction of the needle core. The two limit protrusions are There is a long limit bump between the bumps. When the pliers body structure is closed, the limit bump is stuck between the two plier handles, and the two limit bumps on the locking device are respectively locked. Located in two limit holes.

In the aforementioned bone marrow biopsy device, the inside of the front end of the forceps has an annular barb, and the annular barb is blade-shaped. The tip of the needle core has a stepped annular groove along the circumferential direction, and the annular barb at the front of the forceps The barb matches the annular slot, and the annular barb at the front end of the pliers mouth is clamped in the annular slot.

The method of using the above-mentioned bone specimen sampling tool is as follows: before drilling into the bone to collect the specimen, first assemble the components into one, specifically closing the two half-clamp structures, installing the locking device, and screwing the needle core into the first The first threaded hole, the second threaded hole and the needle core hole realize the locking between the components to form a whole, and the tip of the needle core protrudes through the needle core hole at the pliers mouth end. The operator holds the pliers handle and makes the pliers mouth The end of the needle and the tip of the needle core penetrate into and break through the bone cortex. After breaking through the bone cortex, pull out the needle core and use the serrated blade-like structure set along the circumferential direction at the end of the pliers to continue drilling into the bone. After drilling to the designated position , remove the locking device, tighten the pliers handle and then tighten the pliers jaws. Since the two pliers jaws do not fit completely, the gap between the front ends of the two pliers jaws is narrowed, so that the diameter of the front end of the cylinder composed of the two pliers jaws is smaller than The diameter of the rear end allows the cylinder formed by the two pliers to have a certain taper, which can further prevent the bone tissue in the pliers from slipping out. Then, the pliers are rotated in a circumferential direction to cut off the bone through the annular barb at the front end of the pliers. tissue to separate the bone tissue inside the pliers mouth from the external bone tissue, and then remove the forceps body structure under the grip of the specimen claws. After removal, separate the two half forceps structures, or increase the distance between the front ends of the two pliers mouths. , take out the bone marrow specimen from the forceps.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention uses two half-clamp structures to make a combined bone specimen sampling tool. The two-half clamp structure and modular design facilitate assembly and disassembly. On the one hand, it facilitates the maintenance, cleaning and disinfection of the tool. On the other hand, it is convenient to take out the bone specimen from the tool; the three-place locking and locking device design makes each module tightly integrated into one, which facilitates the piercing operation; when taking out the specimen, the end of the pliers has a circumferential serrated blade structure, which facilitates drilling. and cut bone tissue to avoid specimen breakage; the annular boss barbed structure (specimen claw) design at the front end of the pliers mouth facilitates cutting of bone tissue within the device. After cutting, the barbed specimen claw grasps the specimen to prevent the specimen from falling off easily and avoid The specimen remains in the body. In addition, the diameter of the clamp end of the modular sampling cylinder is adjustable. After the specimen is obtained, the diameter of the clamp end of the cylinder is reduced to facilitate cutting and complete removal of the specimen; the gripping part of the clamp handle structure is similar to the handle of cutting scissors. , this design is more ergonomic, more convenient to operate, easy to pierce and pull out, has obvious advantages over existing sampling tools, and has good promotion value.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic front structural view of the present invention (insert needle core);

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of position A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the needle core;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device for taking out the needle core according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device;

Figure 6 is a right view of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a right view of one of the half-clamp structures in Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a right view of another half-clamp structure in Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a front view of the half-clamp structure shown in Figure 7;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the half-clamp structure shown in FIG. 8 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. .

Example

Referring to Figures 1 to 10, this embodiment provides a bone marrow biopsy device. The tool is a forceps structure consisting of two half forceps structures 1 hinged in the middle, and the two half forceps structures 1 are detachable. Connection (for specific structure, please refer to the previously applied detachable hinge structure with the application number "CN201710220864.8" and the patent name "An Orthopedic Osteotomy Tool and Method of Using It". The difference between the hinge structure of this application and this application is: The applied hinge is deviated from the main plane of the forceps body structure to avoid interference with the hinge when the needle body passes through the forceps body). The cross section of the pliers mouth 11 of the two half forceps structure 1 is semi-circular. When the forceps body structure is closed , a needle core hole 12 arranged along the length direction of the pliers body structure is formed between the closed pliers 11, and a first threaded hole 14 coaxial with the needle core hole 12 is opened on the plier handle 13 of one of the half pliers structures 1 , the hinges of the two half-plier structures 1 are axially offset from the needle core hole 12 to avoid interference between the hinges and the needle core. The front ends of the pliers 11 are all serrated blade-shaped structures arranged along the circumferential direction. The needle core 2 is inserted into the threaded hole 14 and the needle core hole 12, and the tip of the needle core 2 protrudes through the needle core hole 12 at the mouth end of the pliers. The needle core 2 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 14.

The pliers handles 13 on the two half-plier structures 1 are both annular pliers handles, and one of the pliers handles 13 is a four-finger pliers handle 131. The annular finger holes on the four-finger pliers handle 131 are used to pass through other parts except the thumb. The finger holes of the four fingers are the palm holding part, and the other plier handle 13 is the thumb plier handle 132. The annular finger hole on the thumb plier handle 132 is used to pass through the finger holes of the thumb. The first threaded hole 14 is opened On the four-finger pliers handle 131, a second threaded hole 17 is also provided in the middle of the half-plier structure 1 (the hinged shaft portion of the double pliers body) where the thumb pliers handle 132 is located. The second threaded hole 17 is the same as the first threaded hole 14. The shaft, the second threaded hole 17 and the first threaded hole 14 all match the external thread of the needle core 2. When the pliers body structure is closed, there is a gap between the two pliers 11, and the width of the gap on both sides is determined by the pliers. The direction from the mouth end to the plier handle end gradually becomes larger, and the curvature of the cross section of the front end of the pliers 11 is 160-170 degrees, so that the pliers body structure is easy to tighten when closed, and there is a gap between the two pliers 11 The width of the gap gradually increases from the pliers mouth end to the pliers handle end.

Limiting holes 16 are provided on the other sides of the two pliers handles 13 opposite to the direction of the pliers 11 . The locking device 3 has two limiting protrusions that match the limiting holes 16 on the two pliers handles 13 . 31, in which the limit protrusion 31 corresponding to the four-finger plier handle 131 is provided with a through hole 32 that is greater than or equal to the diameter of the needle core 2. The axial direction of the through hole 32 is consistent with the screwing direction of the needle core 2. The two limiters A long limiting bump 33 is provided between the protrusions 31. When the pliers body structure is closed, the limiting bump 33 is clamped between the two pliers handles, and the two limiting bumps on the locking device 3 The protrusions 31 are respectively locked in the two limiting holes 16, and the position of the pliers body is locked through the locking device 3.

The inside of the front end of the pliers 11 has an annular barb 15, and the annular barb 15 is blade-shaped. This structure is similar to the core claw of exploration equipment. The front end has an annular sawtooth structure, and the inner side has an annular boss, and the annular boss The side facing away from the front end of the pliers 11 is also a blade-like structure, which is used to cut the bone specimen at the pliers 11 so that the bone specimen in the pliers 11 is separated from the external bone. The tip of the needle core 2 is opened along the circumferential direction. There is a stepped annular slot 21, and the annular barb 15 at the front end of the pliers 11 matches the annular slot 21, and the annular barb 15 at the front end of the pliers 11 is clamped in the annular slot 21.

The method of using the above-mentioned bone specimen sampling tool is as follows: before drilling into the bone to collect the specimen, first assemble the components into one body. Specifically, close the two half-clamp structures 1, install the locking device 3, and the needle core 2 in sequence. Screw it into the first threaded hole 14, the second threaded hole 17 and the needle core hole 12 to achieve locking between the components and form a whole, and the tip of the needle core 2 extends through the needle core hole 12 at the mouth end of the pliers. The operator Hold the forceps handle 13, so that the tip of the forceps mouth end and the needle core 2 penetrate into and break through the bone cortex. After breaking through the bone cortex, pull out the needle core 2, and use the serrated blade-like structure set along the circumferential direction at the forceps mouth end to continue to penetrate the bone. Drill into the inside. After drilling to the designated position, remove the locking device 3, tighten the pliers handle and then tighten the pliers mouth. Since the two pliers 11 are not fully engaged (there is a gap between them), the two pliers need to be narrowed. The gap between the front ends of the pliers 11 makes the front end diameter of the cylinder formed by the two pliers 11 smaller than the rear end diameter, so that the cylinder composed of the two pliers 11 has a certain taper, which can further prevent the bone in the pliers 11 from being broken. The tissue slides out, and then, the forceps jaw 11 is rotated in the circumferential direction, and the bone tissue is cut through the annular barb 15 at the front end of the forceps jaw 11, so that the bone tissue in the forceps mouth 11 is separated from the external bone tissue, and then the specimen is grasped by the claws. Remove the forceps body structure from the bottom, and after taking it out, separate the two half forceps structures 1, or increase the distance between the front ends of the two forceps 11, and take out the bone marrow specimen from the forceps 11.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (3)

1. A bone marrow biopsy device, characterized in that: the device is a forceps body structure composed of two half forceps structures (1) hinged in the middle, and the two half forceps structures (1) are detachably connected. , the cross section of the jaws (11) of the two half-plier structures (1) is semi-circular. When the jaw structure is closed, a needle core is formed between the closed jaws (11) along the length direction of the jaw structure. hole (12), and the clamp handle (13) of one of the half clamp structures (1) is provided with a first threaded hole (14) coaxial with the needle core hole (12), the two half clamp structures (1 ) and the needle core hole (12) are arranged in an axial offset. The front ends of the pliers (11) are all serrated blade-shaped structures arranged along the circumferential direction. The needle core (2) is inserted through the threaded hole (14) and Inside the needle core hole (12), and the tip of the needle core (2) protrudes through the needle core hole (12) at the mouth end of the pliers, and the needle core (2) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole (14); When the pliers body structure is closed, there is a gap between the two pliers jaws (11), and the width of the gaps on both sides gradually increases from the pliers mouth end to the pliers handle end; The clamp handles (13) on the two half clamp structures (1) are both ring-shaped clamp handles, and one of the clamp handles (13) is a four-finger clamp handle (131); Limiting holes (16) are provided on the other sides of the two plier handles (13) opposite to the direction of the pliers mouth (11). The locking device (3) has two holes (16) on the two plier handles (13). The limit protrusion (31) matches the limit hole (16), and the limit protrusion (31) corresponding to the four-finger plier handle (131) is provided with a through hole (32) that is larger than or equal to the diameter of the needle core (2). ), the axial direction of the through hole (32) is consistent with the screwing direction of the needle core (2), and a long limiting bump (33) is provided between the two limiting protrusions (31). When the body structure is closed, the limit bump (33) is clamped between the two clamp handles, and the two limit bumps (31) on the locking device (3) are respectively clamped in the two limit holes (16). ), the position of the clamp body is locked through the locking device (3); The inside of the front end of the pliers (11) has annular barbs (15), which are blade-shaped, and the tip of the needle core (2) is provided with a stepped annular groove (21) along the circumferential direction. ), and the annular barb (15) at the front end of the pliers (11) matches the annular slot (21), and the annular barb (15) at the front end of the pliers (11) is clamped in the annular slot (21) Inside. 2. A bone marrow biopsy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annular finger hole on the four-finger forceps handle (131) is used to pass through the other four fingers except the thumb, and the other forceps handle (13) is a thumb pliers handle (132). The annular finger hole on the thumb pliers handle (132) is for passing the thumb. The first threaded hole (14) is opened in the four-finger pliers handle (131). On the top, a second threaded hole (17) is also provided in the middle of the half-plier structure (1) where the thumb plier handle (132) is located. The second threaded hole (17) is coaxial with the first threaded hole (14). Both the threaded hole (17) and the first threaded hole (14) match the external thread of the needle core (2). 3. A bone marrow biopsy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the curvature of the cross section of the front end of the jaw (11) is 160-170 degrees.