CN109597160B - Demultiplexing device based on V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface and working method thereof - Google Patents
Demultiplexing device based on V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于V形光学天线超构表面的解复用器件及其工作方法，包括基底及设置在基底上的周期性排列的若干个V形天线单元组，若干个V形天线单元组沿X轴依次排列，沿Y轴平行排列，每个V形天线单元组包括6个V形天线，相邻V形天线之间的相位差为π/3，实现0到2π的相位覆盖。本发明解复用器件可以实现针对特定波段多波长光的不同角度偏折。基于广义斯涅尔定律，在1450nm‑1650nm的工作波段中，通过对V形天线的臂长和夹角的调制，在界面处引入相位突变梯度，实现异常折射。通过入射光与界面处的微纳天线阵列相互作用，可以实现0‑2π范围内的线性极化转换透射相移的灵活调制，以及对不同波长光不同角度的色散。
The invention relates to a demultiplexing device based on a V-shaped optical antenna metasurface and a working method thereof. Arranged in sequence along the X axis and parallel along the Y axis, each V-shaped antenna unit group includes 6 V-shaped antennas, and the phase difference between adjacent V-shaped antennas is π/3, achieving phase coverage from 0 to 2π. The demultiplexing device of the present invention can realize different angle deflection for multi-wavelength light in a specific band. Based on generalized Snell's law, in the working band of 1450nm-1650nm, by modulating the arm length and included angle of the V-shaped antenna, a phase abrupt gradient is introduced at the interface to achieve anomalous refraction. Through the interaction of the incident light with the micro-nano antenna array at the interface, flexible modulation of the transmission phase shift of linear polarization conversion in the range of 0-2π, and dispersion of light of different wavelengths at different angles can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a metamaterial and an integrated photonic device, in particular to a demultiplexing device based on a V-shaped optical antenna metamaterial surface and a working method thereof.
Background
Metamaterials (metamaterials) refer to artificial composite structures or composite materials that do not exist in nature, have extraordinary physical properties that natural materials do not have, and generally have extraordinary physical properties such as perfect absorption, negative refractive index, and the like.
Optical dispersion is a part of great research value in optics, and has an important role in optical information processing and the like. The conventional optical components modulate the wavefront of a light beam by accumulating continuous phase delays generated when the light beam passes through the components, the size of the optical components is generally large, and the dielectric constant of natural materials is limited.
The super-structure surface is a layered material which is prepared based on a sub-wavelength fine structure and has the thickness smaller than the wavelength, the super-structure surface is a new concept combining optics and nanotechnology, can realize the regulation and control of various characteristics such as electromagnetic wave polarization, amplitude, phase position, polarization mode and the like through the sub-wavelength fine structure, has the advantages of lightness, thinness, easy integration, low loss and the like compared with the traditional optical components, and has higher application potential in the technical fields of optical dispersion, plasma sensing, focusing/imaging devices and the like.
The existing demultiplexing device has the problems of large volume, high cost, difficulty in integration, difficulty in large-scale application and the like, and is difficult to meet the large-scale application requirements of a data center, an internet sensing node and the like at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface demultiplexing device based on the design of a unit structure and an array form of a micro-nano antenna.
The invention also provides a working method of the demultiplexing device based on the V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a demultiplexing device based on a V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface comprises a substrate and a plurality of V-shaped antenna unit groups which are arranged on the substrate periodically, wherein the V-shaped antenna unit groups are sequentially arranged along an X axis and are arranged in parallel along a Y axis, the X axis is the longer side of the demultiplexing device, the Y axis is the adjacent side of the longer side of the demultiplexing device, each V-shaped antenna unit group comprises 6V-shaped antennas, the phase difference between the adjacent V-shaped antennas is pi/3, and the phase coverage of 0 to 2 pi is realized. The demultiplexing device can realize different angle deflection aiming at multi-wavelength light of a specific waveband.
Based on the generalized Snell's law, in the working waveband of 1450nm-1650nm, the phase abrupt change gradient is introduced at the interface by modulating the arm length and the included angle of the V-shaped antenna, so as to realize abnormal refraction. By interaction of incident light and the micro-nano antenna array at the interface, flexible modulation of linear polarization conversion transmission phase shift in a range of 0-2 pi and dispersion of different angles of different wavelengths of light can be realized.
After the incident electromagnetic waves pass through the V-shaped antenna, the amplitude and the phase of the incident electromagnetic waves can be modulated through interaction with plasma waves on the surface of the super-structure, and the scattered electromagnetic waves can obtain different phase responses by adjusting the arm length h and the included angle alpha of the V-shaped antenna, so that the value in the range of 0-2 pi can be obtained.
According to the invention, the 6V-shaped antennas comprise a V-shaped antenna 1, a V-shaped antenna 2, a V-shaped antenna 3, a V-shaped antenna 4, a V-shaped antenna 5 and a V-shaped antenna 6 which are arranged in sequence, the V-shaped antenna 1 and the V-shaped antenna 4 are symmetrical about an X axis, the V-shaped antenna 2 and the V-shaped antenna 5 are symmetrical about the X axis, and the V-shaped antenna 3 and the V-shaped antenna 6 are symmetrical about the X axis.
According to the invention, when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 45 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 0.28-0.3 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 90 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 0.26-0.28 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 135 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 0.22-0.24 um; each V-shaped antenna comprises two connected arms forming an angle between them.
Further preferably, when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 45 °, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 0.294 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 90 degrees, the arm length L of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 0.265 um; when the included angle α of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 135 °, the arm length L of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 0.235 um.
The data can realize more accurate phase modulation aiming at incident light through simulation selection of a single antenna, and have more similar amplitude.
Preferably, according to the invention, the width w of the arms of the V-shaped antenna is 40-60 nm, and the thickness h of the V-shaped antenna is 50-70 nm.
Further preferably, the arm width w of the V-shaped antenna is 50nm, and the thickness h of the V-shaped antenna is 60 nm. The arm width and the thickness can realize more accurate phase modulation aiming at incident light through simulation selection of a single antenna.
According to the invention, the V-shaped antenna is preferably made of a gold film.
Preferably, according to the present invention, the distance between two adjacent V-shaped antenna element groups is 500-600 nm.
Further preferably, the distance between two adjacent V-shaped micro-nano antenna unit groups is 550 nm.
Preferably, according to the invention, the distance between two adjacent V-shaped antennas is 500-600 nm.
Further preferably, the distance between two adjacent V-shaped antennas is 550 nm. The shortest length of the cell group can be ensured while avoiding mutual crosstalk between the antennas.
According to the invention, the relative dielectric constant of the material silicon dioxide of the substrate is preferably 3.9.
The working method of the demultiplexing device based on the V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface comprises the following steps:
(1) a broadband light source with a working wave band of 1450nm-1650nm vertically enters the surface of the V-shaped optical antenna superstructure and interacts with plasma waves at the V-shaped antenna to generate phase and amplitude response;
(2) according to the generalized Snell law, light with different wavelengths generates different scattering deflection angles, and the light with different wavelengths is detected at different angles, so that demultiplexing of optical signals is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the periodic V-shaped micro-nano antenna array super-structure surface, the modulation of the front of incident light waves is realized by modulating the arm length and the included angle of the V-shaped metal antenna, and finally, the flexible modulation of linear polarization conversion transmission phase shift in the range of 0-2 pi and the dispersion of different angles of different wavelengths of light are realized.
2. Compared with the traditional optical component for realizing light beam dispersion, the super-structure surface has the advantages of lightness, thinness, easiness in integration and the like, and has important application value in the fields of optical communication, optical information demultiplexing and the like.
3. The invention applies the micro-nano antenna super surface to the demultiplexing device and provides basic guarantee for the ultra-small integrated demultiplexing device.
4. The invention adopts the V-shaped micro-nano antenna ultra-structure surface to realize multi-wavelength dispersion, simplifies 8V-shaped antennas as a unit group into 6 antennas as a unit group under the general condition by combining the requirements, realizes 0-2 pi full-phase coverage, reduces the unit group length and is more beneficial to integration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single V-shaped antenna with a super-structured surface according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a nanostructured surface array according to the invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the operation of the inventive superstructure surface;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a V-shaped antenna simulation of a V-shaped antenna unit group on the surface of the super-structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5(a) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface of the present invention when a linearly polarized plane wave with a wavelength of 1450nm is vertically incident;
FIG. 5(b) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface when a linearly polarized planar wave with a wavelength of 1500nm is vertically incident;
FIG. 5(c) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the inventive metamaterial surface at normal incidence of a linearly polarized planar wave having a wavelength of 1550 nm;
FIG. 5(d) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface when a linearly polarized plane wave with a wavelength of 1600nm is vertically incident;
FIG. 5(e) is the simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface when a linearly polarized plane wave with a wavelength of 1650nm is vertically incident;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the wavelength and the deflection angle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A demultiplexing device based on a V-shaped optical antenna super-structure surface is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a substrate and a plurality of V-shaped antenna unit groups which are arranged on the substrate periodically, the demultiplexing device is rectangular, each V-shaped antenna unit group is sequentially arranged along an X axis and is arranged in parallel along a Y axis, the X axis is a longer side of the demultiplexing device, the Y axis is an adjacent side of the longer side of the demultiplexing device (the device can be specifically adjusted according to specific requirements), each V-shaped antenna unit group comprises 6V-shaped antennas, and a structural schematic diagram of a single V-shaped antenna is shown in fig. 1. The phase difference between the adjacent V-shaped antennas is pi/3, and the phase coverage of 0 to 2 pi is realized. The demultiplexing device can realize different angle deflection aiming at multi-wavelength light of a specific waveband.
Based on the generalized Snell's law, in the working waveband of 1450nm-1650nm, the phase abrupt change gradient is introduced at the interface by modulating the arm length and the included angle of the V-shaped antenna, so as to realize abnormal refraction. The interaction of the incident light and the micro-nano antenna array at the interface can realize the flexible modulation of linear polarization conversion transmission phase shift within the range of 0-2 pi and generate the dispersion of different angles for different wavelengths of light.
After the incident light passes through the V-shaped antenna, the amplitude and the phase of the incident light can be modulated through interaction with plasma waves on the surface of the super-structure, and the scattered electromagnetic waves can obtain different phase responses by adjusting the arm length h and the included angle alpha of the V-shaped antenna, so that the value in the range of 0-2 pi can be obtained.
Example 2
A V-shaped optical antenna metasurface based demultiplexing device according to embodiment 1, which is different from that,
the 6V-shaped antennas comprise a V-shaped antenna 1, a V-shaped antenna 2, a V-shaped antenna 3, a V-shaped antenna 4, a V-shaped antenna 5 and a V-shaped antenna 6 which are sequentially arranged, the V-shaped antenna 1 and the V-shaped antenna 4 are symmetrical about an X axis, the V-shaped antenna 2 and the V-shaped antenna 5 are symmetrical about the X axis, and the V-shaped antenna 3 and the V-shaped antenna 6 are symmetrical about the X axis.
When the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 45 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 0.28 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 90 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 0.26 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 135 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 0.22 um; each V-shaped antenna comprises two connected arms forming an angle between them.
Example 3
A V-shaped optical antenna metasurface based demultiplexing device according to embodiment 1, which is different from that,
when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 45 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 0.3 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 90 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 0.28 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 135 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 0.24 um; each V-shaped antenna comprises two connected arms forming an angle between them.
Example 4
A V-shaped optical antenna metasurface based demultiplexing device according to embodiment 1, which is different from that,
when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 45 degrees, the arm length of the V-shaped antenna 1 is 0.294 um; when the included angle of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 90 degrees, the arm length L of the V-shaped antenna 2 is 0.265 um; when the included angle α of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 135 °, the arm length L of the V-shaped antenna 3 is 0.235 um.
The data can realize more accurate phase modulation aiming at incident light through simulation selection of a single antenna, and have more similar amplitude.
As shown in fig. 4, for a simulation schematic diagram of a designed multi-wavelength dispersion super-structure surface single V-shaped antenna unit group, linearly polarized incident light has wavelengths of 1450nm, 1500nm, 1550nm, 1600nm and 1650nm, respectively, and is polarized along the Y-axis direction and incident along the Z-axis direction. The super-structure surface realizes flexible modulation of linear polarization conversion transmission phase shift in the range of 0-2 pi and dispersion of multi-wavelength light at different angles through the modulation of the arm length and the angle of the V-shaped antenna.
And designing the multi-wavelength dispersion super-structured surface according to the required working waveband of the V-shaped antenna super-structured surface. Based on the generalized Fresnel law, the V-shaped antenna unit is optimally designed according to the working frequency band, the arm length and the angle of the V-shaped antenna are adjusted, linear polarization conversion transmission phase shift modulation of a periodic antenna in the range of 0-2 pi is achieved, the antenna array forms a super-structure surface according to the required size, and finally dispersion of the super-structure surface on different angles of multi-wavelength incident light is achieved.
FIG. 5(a) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface of the present invention when a linearly polarized plane wave with a wavelength of 1450nm is vertically incident; FIG. 5(b) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface when a linearly polarized planar wave with a wavelength of 1500nm is vertically incident; FIG. 5(c) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the inventive metamaterial surface at normal incidence of a linearly polarized planar wave having a wavelength of 1550 nm; FIG. 5(d) is a simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface when a linearly polarized plane wave with a wavelength of 1600nm is vertically incident; FIG. 5(e) is the simulation result of the distribution of the transmission field X-polarized electric field of the nanostructured surface when a linearly polarized plane wave with a wavelength of 1650nm is vertically incident; it can be seen that: when light with wavelengths of 1450nm, 1500nm, 1550nm, 1600nm and 1650nm enters, the distribution deflection angles of the X-polarized electric field are respectively 26.26 degrees, 27.26 degrees, 28.24 degrees, 29.21 degrees and 30.15 degrees, which are consistent with the theoretical calculation values.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the wavelength and the deflection angle according to the present invention.
Example 5
A V-shaped optical antenna metasurface-based demultiplexing device as described in embodiments 1-4, differing therefrom,
the arm width w of the V-shaped antenna is 40-60 nm, and the thickness h of the V-shaped antenna is 50-70 nm.
The V-shaped antenna is made of a gold film.
The distance between two adjacent V-shaped antenna unit groups is 500-600 nm.
The distance between two adjacent V-shaped antennas is 500-600 nm.
The substrate material, silicon dioxide, had a relative dielectric constant of 3.9.
Example 6
A V-shaped optical antenna metasurface-based demultiplexing device as described in embodiments 1-5, differing therefrom,
the arm width w of the V-shaped antenna is 50nm and the thickness h of the V-shaped antenna is 60 nm. Through the simulation selection of a single antenna, more accurate phase modulation can be realized aiming at incident light.
The distance between two adjacent V-shaped micro-nano antenna unit groups is 550 nm.
The distance between two adjacent V-shaped antennas is 550 nm. The shortest length of the unit group is ensured while mutual crosstalk between the antennas is avoided.
The substrate material, silicon dioxide, had a relative dielectric constant of 3.9.
Example 7
The working method of any one of the demultiplexing devices based on the V-shaped optical antenna metamaterial surface in embodiments 1 to 6, as shown in fig. 3, includes the following steps:
(1) the broadband light source of 1450-1650nm working wave band is vertically incident to the super-structure surface of the V-shaped optical antenna and interacts with the plasma wave at the V-shaped antenna to generate phase and amplitude response.
(2) According to the generalized Snell law, light with different wavelengths generates different scattering deflection angles, and light with different wavelengths can be detected at different angles, so that demultiplexing of optical signals is realized.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
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