CN109587485A - Video compressing and encoding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of video compressing and encoding methods, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the optimum prediction residual error of each pixel by calculating the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in various forecasting search windows, then optimum quantization residual error is obtained by adaptive quantizing mode, to greatly reduce the transmission bandwidth after encoding video pictures, and the compression losses after compressed encoding is smaller.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of video compression, and in particular to a kind of video compressing and encoding method.
Background technique
Studies have shown that the mankind, which obtain information, to be had 70% from vision, visual information because have intuitive, iconicity,
Certainty, high efficiency and the advantages that be widely used, there is critical role in multimedia messages.But digitized uncompressed video
The big data of signal are surprising.Huge data to the memory capacity of memory, the transmission rate of communication trunk and
The speed of computer both increases great pressure, simple doing with the transmission rate for expanding compressor capacity, increase communication trunk
Method is unpractical to solve the above problems.Data compression technique is an effective method, passes through data compression means
Information data amount is lowered, is stored and transmitted in a compressed format, that is, has saved memory space, and improves the biography of communication trunk
Defeated efficiency guarantees to play being possibly realized depending on, audio program for high quality.
Therefore, the coding method for how providing the compression video of a kind of high speed, high quality has become research hotspot problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of video compressing and encoding methods.This
Technical problems to be solved by the inivention are achieved through the following technical solutions:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of video compressing and encoding methods, include the following steps:
(a) image to be processed is obtained；
(b) pixel to be processed and corresponding multiple forecasting search windows are obtained；
(c) prediction residual of the corresponding pixel to be processed of each forecasting search window is obtained respectively and is obtained optimal
Prediction residual；
(d) using each pixel of the image to be processed as the pixel to be processed, step (a)~step (c) is repeated,
Obtain the prediction residual code stream of the image to be processed；
(e) the prediction residual code stream is divided into several quantifying units；
(f) quantifying unit to be processed is obtained；
(g) quantization compensation model is respectively adopted and compensation quantitative mode carries out coding acquisition to the quantifying unit to be processed
Optimum quantization residual error；
(h) successively using the quantifying unit each in several quantifying units as the quantifying unit to be processed, weight
Multiple step (f)~step (g), obtains the quantization residual error code stream of the image to be processed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the forecasting search window includes the first forecasting search window, the second prediction
Search window, third forecasting search window, and the prediction of the first forecasting search window, the second forecasting search window, third is searched
The sum of all pixels that rope window includes is identical.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first forecasting search window, the second forecasting search window, described
The shape of third forecasting search window is respectively any of horizontal bar shaped, vertical bar shaped or rectangle.
In one embodiment of the invention, step (c) includes:
(c1) the forecasting search window is obtained；
(c2) the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in the forecasting search window is obtained；
(c3) optimal reference pixel is obtained according to the prediction reference weight；
(c4) prediction residual of the pixel to be processed is obtained according to the optimal reference pixel；
(c5) step (c1)~step (c4) is repeated, it is corresponding described to be processed obtains each forecasting search window respectively
The prediction residual of pixel；
(c6) each prediction residual of more each forecasting search window, obtains the optimum prediction residual error.
In one embodiment of the invention, the prediction reference weight includes position weight and diversity factor Factor Weight.
In one embodiment of the invention, coding packet is carried out to the quantifying unit to be processed using quantization compensation model
It includes: quantification treatment, compensation deals, inverse quantization processing is successively carried out to the quantifying unit to be processed.
In one embodiment of the invention, coding packet is carried out to the quantifying unit to be processed using compensation quantitative mode
It includes: processing, quantification treatment, inverse quantization processing is successively compensated to the quantifying unit to be processed.
In one embodiment of the invention, step (g) includes:
(g1) quantifying unit to be processed is encoded to obtain the first quantization residual error using the quantization compensation model
With the first rate distortion rate；Meanwhile the quantifying unit to be processed is encoded to obtain second using the compensation quantitative mode
Quantify the second rate of residual sum distortion rate；
(g2) the first rate distortion rate and the second rate distortion rate, if the first rate distortion rate is less than described
Second rate distortion rate, then using the first quantization residual error as the optimum quantization residual error；Otherwise by the second quantization residual error
As the optimum quantization residual error.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention obtains each pixel by calculating the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in various forecasting search windows
Optimum prediction residual error, optimum quantization residual error is then obtained by adaptive quantizing mode, to greatly reduce video image coding
Transmission bandwidth after code, and the compression losses after compressed encoding is smaller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that a kind of video compress provided in an embodiment of the present invention compiles method；
Fig. 2 (a)~Fig. 2 (c) is forecasting search window in a kind of video compressing and encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic shapes；
Fig. 3 is a kind of position weight setting principle schematic diagram of video compressing and encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the principle of calculating prediction reference weight in a kind of video compressing and encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
Further detailed description is done to the present invention combined with specific embodiments below, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to
This.
Embodiment one
Referring to Figure 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of video compressing and encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.It should
Method includes the following steps:
(a) image to be processed is obtained；
(b) pixel to be processed and corresponding multiple forecasting search windows are obtained；
(c) prediction residual of the corresponding pixel to be processed of each forecasting search window is obtained respectively and is obtained optimal
Prediction residual；
(d) using each pixel of the image to be processed as the pixel to be processed, step (a)~step (c) is repeated,
Obtain the prediction residual code stream of the image to be processed；
(e) the prediction residual code stream is divided into several quantifying units；
(f) quantifying unit to be processed is obtained；
(g) quantization compensation model is respectively adopted and compensation quantitative mode carries out coding acquisition to the quantifying unit to be processed
Optimum quantization residual error；
(h) successively using the quantifying unit each in several quantifying units as the quantifying unit to be processed, weight
Multiple step (f)~step (g), obtains the quantization residual error code stream of the image to be processed.
The present invention obtains pixel most by calculating the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in various forecasting search windows
Excellent reference pixel and optimum prediction residual error, then obtain optimum quantization residual error by adaptive quantizing mode, to greatly reduce
Transmission bandwidth after compressed video image coding, and the compression losses after compressed encoding is smaller.
Embodiment two
Referring again to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes in the whole of embodiment one on the basis of the above embodiment 1
Hold, video compressing and encoding method be described in detail, is specifically included:
Wherein, the forecasting search window is searched including the first forecasting search window, the second forecasting search window, third prediction
Rope window, and the sum of all pixels that the first forecasting search window, the second forecasting search window, third forecasting search window include
It is identical.
Wherein, the first forecasting search window, the second forecasting search window, the third forecasting search window
Shape is respectively any of horizontal bar shaped, vertical bar shaped or rectangle.
Wherein, step (c) includes:
(c1) the forecasting search window is obtained；
(c2) the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in the forecasting search window is obtained；
(c3) optimal reference pixel is obtained according to the prediction reference weight；
(c4) prediction residual of the pixel to be processed is obtained according to the optimal reference pixel；
(c5) step (c1)~step (c4) is repeated, it is corresponding described to be processed obtains each forecasting search window respectively
The prediction residual of pixel；
(c6) each prediction residual of more each forecasting search window, obtains the optimum prediction residual error.
Wherein, the prediction reference weight includes position weight and diversity factor Factor Weight.
Wherein, carrying out coding to the quantifying unit to be processed using quantization compensation model includes: to the amount to be processed
Change unit and successively carries out quantification treatment, compensation deals, inverse quantization processing.
Wherein, carrying out coding to the quantifying unit to be processed using compensation quantitative mode includes: to the amount to be processed
Change unit and successively compensates processing, quantification treatment, inverse quantization processing.
Wherein, step (g) includes:
(g1) quantifying unit to be processed is encoded to obtain the first quantization residual error using the quantization compensation model
With the first rate distortion rate；Meanwhile the quantifying unit to be processed is encoded to obtain second using the compensation quantitative mode
Quantify the second rate of residual sum distortion rate；
(g2) the first rate distortion rate and the second rate distortion rate, if the first rate distortion rate is less than described
Second rate distortion rate, then using the first quantization residual error as the optimum quantization residual error；Otherwise by the second quantization residual error
As the optimum quantization residual error.
The present invention obtains each pixel by calculating the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in various forecasting search windows
Optimum prediction residual error, optimum quantization residual error is then obtained by adaptive quantizing mode, to greatly reduce video image coding
Transmission bandwidth after code, and the compression losses after compressed encoding is smaller.
Embodiment three
On the basis of the above embodiments and all the elements including embodiment one, emphasis is to a kind of video pressure for the present embodiment
Contracting coding method is described in detail.
In video compressing and encoding method, generally includes prediction, quantifies, the process of entropy coding, the present embodiment mainly passes through excellent
Change prediction and quantizing process optimizes video compressing and encoding method, therefore sets the present embodiment first to be predicted the amount of progress again
The sequence of change carries out coded treatment to picture to be processed, and subsequent entropy coding process can be entropy coding method in the prior art
Any one.
Specifically, including following content:
S10: image to be processed is obtained；A frame image is as image to be processed in acquisition video；
S20: pixel to be processed and corresponding multiple forecasting search windows are obtained；
The pixel to be processed in image to be processed is obtained, is that the last one pixel divides forecasting search window with pixel to be processed
Mouthful.
Wherein, forecasting search window is divided according to specific rule, including pixel to be processed and multiple warp knits
The pixel window of code pixel, wherein encoded pixels are defined as the reference pixel of pixel to be processed in forecasting search window.
Wherein, the pixel value of encoded pixel can may be reconstruction pixel value for original pixel value, do not do and have herein
Body limitation.
Fig. 2 (a)~Fig. 2 (c) is please referred to, Fig. 2 (a)~Fig. 2 (c) is that a kind of video compress provided in an embodiment of the present invention is compiled
The schematic shapes of forecasting search window in code method.
Forecasting search window can have any shape, for example can be horizontal bar shape, vertical bar shaped or rectangle etc..This implementation
It includes three kinds: first forecasting search windows, the second forecasting search window, third forecasting search window that forecasting search window is set in example
Mouthful, Fig. 2 (a)~Fig. 2 (c) is please referred to, horizontal bar shaped, vertical bar shaped or rectangle are followed successively by.
Wherein, the sum of all pixels that the forecasting search window includes is identical, if being K.Preferably, K=8.
If the coded sequence of image to be processed is from left to right, successively to encode from top to bottom to pixel, wherein C(i,j)
It is currently needed to C for pixel to be processed(i,j)It is encoded.P in forecasting search window is reference pixel, passes through ranks number
P is marked as location index, is please referred in Fig. 2 (a), reference pixel P is successively marked are as follows: Pi-1,j、Pi-2,j、Pi-3,j、
Pi-4,j、Pi-5,j、Pi-6,j、Pi-7,j；In Fig. 2 (b), reference pixel P is successively marked are as follows: Pi,j-1、Pi,j-2、Pi,j-3、Pi,j-4、Pi,j-5、
Pi,j-6、Pi,j-7；In Fig. 2 (c), reference marker P is successively are as follows: Pi,j-1、Pi,j-2、Pi,j-3、Pi-1,j、Pi-1,j-1、Pi-1,j-2、Pi-1,j-3。
P can also be numbered as location index to be marked, be denoted as Pq, wherein PqFor q-th of reference pixel,
0≤q≤K-2；Referring again to Fig. 2 (a), when K=8, successively reference pixel P is carried out to be encoded to P0~P6。
Wherein, the pixel value of reference pixel P can be with original pixel value or be encoded reconstructed value, wherein encoded
The predicted pixel values that the reconstruction pixel value expression original pixel value of pixel obtains after being predicted according to prediction reference pixel, then lead to
Cross quantization, code control equipressure reduces the staff the final compressed encoding pixel value obtained after code stream journey and carries out anti-decompression reduction using inverse process
Pixel value afterwards.The embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by taking original pixel value as an example.
S30: the prediction residual of the corresponding pixel to be processed of each forecasting search window is obtained respectively and is obtained most
Excellent prediction residual；
S31: the forecasting search window that sequentially obtaining step S02 is divided；
S32: the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in the forecasting search window is obtained；Wherein, prediction reference weight
Including position weight and diversity factor weight；
Position weight is the positional relationship weight for indicating reference pixel and pixel to be processed, reference pixel and pixel to be processed
Its different position weight of position it is also different；Wherein, position weight according to the positional relationship of reference pixel and pixel to be processed into
Row setting, one such set-up mode is bigger for its position weight of the reference pixel remoter with pixel distance to be processed, conversely,
Position weight is smaller.
Referring to FIG. 3, original is arranged in the position weight that Fig. 3 is a kind of video compressing and encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Manage schematic diagram；
The value differences relationship weight of diversity factor weight expression reference pixel and pixel to be processed；
S321: the pixel of the image to be processed is divided into multiple pixel components；
If C(i,j)It is divided into N number of pixel component to be processed, respectively C(i,j),p, corresponding, reference pixel PqIt is divided into N number of
Reference pixel component, respectively Pq,p；Wherein, 0≤p≤N-1.
S322: calculating separately in each window component, calculates the prediction reference weight component of each reference pixel component；
If the prediction reference weight component of each reference pixel is W(i,j),p,q, wherein subscript (i, j) indicates picture to be processed
The ranks number of element, p are pixel component index, and q is reference pixel numeral index.
Prediction reference weight component W(i,j),p,qMeet:
Wherein, Pos(i,j),p.qIndicate the position weight of q-th of reference pixel of p-th of pixel component, Dif(i,j),p.qTable
Show the diversity factor weight of q-th of reference pixel of p-th of pixel component.
Wherein, diversity factor weight Dif is the absolute value of the pixel value of reference pixel and pixel to be processed.
Wherein, aqIndicate position weight coefficient, bqIt indicates diversity factor weight coefficient, and meets aq+bq=1, it is preferable that aq=
bq=0.5.
Wherein it is possible to according to Pos(i, j), p.qSize determine corresponding aqValue, Pos(i, j), p.qIt is bigger, then aqIt is smaller；According to
Pos(i, j), p.qSize determine bqValue, Dif(i, j), p.qIt is bigger, then bqIt is smaller.In yet another embodiment of the present invention, aqWith
bqValue determine based on experience value.
S323: the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel is calculated；
The then prediction reference weight W of q-th of reference pixel(i,j).qAre as follows:
S324: optimal reference pixel P is obtained according to the prediction reference weight(i,j),best；
Compare K-2 prediction reference weight, obtains prediction reference weight W(i,j).qIn the corresponding reference pixel of minimum value
As optimal reference pixel P(i,j),best。
S325: the prediction residual of the pixel to be processed is obtained according to the optimal reference pixel；
The then prediction residual Res of the pixel to be processed(i,j)Are as follows:
Res(i,j)=C(i,j)-P(i,j),best
S33: it repeats step (c1)~step (c4), it is corresponding described to be processed to obtain each forecasting search window respectively
The prediction residual of pixel；
If the first forecasting search window, the second forecasting search window, third forecasting search window are corresponding to be processed
The prediction residual of pixel is respectively as follows:
S34: each prediction residual of more each forecasting search window obtains the optimum prediction residual error.
Then compareSize, take it is minimum as optimum prediction search window, most
The corresponding prediction residual of excellent forecasting search window is optimum prediction residual error.
Code stream is written into the location index of the corresponding reference pixel number of optimum prediction residual sum or reference pixel.
S40: similarly, using each pixel of the image to be processed as the pixel to be processed, repeat step (20)~
Step (30) obtains the prediction residual code stream of the image to be processed；
S50: the prediction residual code stream is divided into several quantifying units；
Wherein, quantization parameter and compensating parameter are obtained, several quantifying units take identical quantization parameter and compensation ginseng
Number；And compensating parameter and quantization parameter have following relationship:
CP=(1 < < QP)/2,
Wherein, QP indicates that quantization parameter, CP indicate compensating parameter, " < < " formula expression, it is indicated if having expression formula a < < m
Integer a is moved to the left m, after a high position removes by binary digit, low level mends 0.
S60: first quantifying unit is obtained according to the sequence of prediction residual code stream；
S70: be respectively adopted quantization compensation model and compensation quantitative mode to the quantifying unit to be processed carry out coding obtain
Obtain optimum quantization residual error；
S71: it using quantization compensation model, treats processing quantifying unit and is encoded to obtain first the first rate of quantization residual sum
Distortion rate；
Wherein, quantization compensation model is quantification treatment, inverse quantization processing successively to be carried out to the quantifying unit, at compensation
Reason.
Wherein, quantification treatment obtains the first quantization residual error, meets formula:
QPRES_1i=PRESi> > QP
Wherein, QPRES_1iFirst for quantifying unit i-th bit quantifies residual error, PRESiFor the prediction of quantifying unit i-th bit
Residual error, the value of i are [0, M-1], and M is quantifying unit number of pixels N；
Wherein, " > > " formula expression, it indicates by binary digit to move right integer a m if having expression formula a > > m,
After low level removes, a high position mends 0.
Inverse quantization processing is carried out to the first quantization residual error again and compensation deals obtain the first inverse quantization residual error, meets formula:
IQPRES_1i=QPRES_1i< < QP+CP
The first quantization loss is calculated, formula is met:
LOSS_1i=IQPRES_1i-PRESi
Calculate the first rate distortion rate:
Wherein, RDO_1 is the first rate distortion rate, and pixnum is the number of pixels of quantifying unit；A1 and a2 is weight parameter,
Preferably take a1=a2=1.
S72: it using compensation quantitative mode, treats processing quantifying unit and is encoded to obtain second the second rate of quantization residual sum
Distortion rate；
Wherein, compensation quantitative mode is processing, quantification treatment successively to be compensated to the quantifying unit, at inverse quantization
Reason.
Processing, quantification treatment are successively compensated to quantifying unit first, obtains the second quantization residual error:
QPRES_2i=(PRESi+ CP) > > QP
Wherein, QPRES_2iSecond for quantifying unit i-th bit quantifies residual error；
Then, inverse quantization is carried out to the second quantization residual error of quantifying unit to handle to obtain the second inverse quantization residual error.
The second quantization loss is calculated, formula is met:
LOSS_2i=IQPRES_2i-PRESi
Calculate the second rate distortion rate:
Wherein, RDO_2 is the second rate distortion rate, and pixnum is the number of pixels of quantifying unit；A1 and a2 is weight parameter,
Preferably take a1=a2=1.
S73: the first rate distortion rate and the second rate distortion rate, if the first rate distortion rate is less than described
Second rate distortion rate, then using the first quantization residual error as the optimum quantization residual error；Otherwise by the second quantization residual error
As the optimum quantization residual error.
By the corresponding optimum quantization residual sum quantitative mode mark write-in quantization residual error code stream of the quantifying unit.
Quantitative mode identifies the latter position of settable each optimum quantization residual error, for example, setting quantization compensation model to
1, compensation quantization mode setting is 0.
S80: successively using the quantifying unit each in several quantifying units as the quantifying unit to be processed, weight
Multiple step (60)~step (70), obtains the quantization residual error code stream of the image to be processed.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of video compressing and encoding method, which comprises the steps of:
(a) image to be processed is obtained；
(b) pixel to be processed and corresponding multiple forecasting search windows are obtained；
(c) prediction residual of the corresponding pixel to be processed of each forecasting search window is obtained respectively and obtains optimum prediction
Residual error；
(d) using each pixel of the image to be processed as the pixel to be processed, step (b)~step (c) is repeated, is obtained
The prediction residual code stream of the image to be processed；
(e) the prediction residual code stream is divided into several quantifying units；
(f) quantifying unit to be processed is obtained；
(g) be respectively adopted quantization compensation model and compensation quantitative mode to the quantifying unit to be processed carry out coding obtain it is optimal
Quantify residual error；
(h) it successively using the quantifying unit each in several quantifying units as the quantifying unit to be processed, repeats to walk
Suddenly (f)~step (g) obtains the quantization residual error code stream of the image to be processed.
2. compaction coding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the forecasting search window includes the first prediction
Search window, the second forecasting search window, third forecasting search window, and the first forecasting search window, the second prediction are searched
The sum of all pixels that rope window, third forecasting search window include is identical.
3. compaction coding method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first forecasting search window, described
Two forecasting search windows, the third forecasting search window shape be respectively any of horizontal bar shaped, vertical bar shaped or rectangle
Kind.
4. compaction coding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (c) includes:
(c1) the forecasting search window is obtained；
(c2) the prediction reference weight of each reference pixel in the forecasting search window is obtained；
(c3) optimal reference pixel is obtained according to the prediction reference weight；
(c4) prediction residual of the pixel to be processed is obtained according to the optimal reference pixel；
(c5) step (c1)~step (c4) is repeated, obtains the corresponding pixel to be processed of each forecasting search window respectively
The prediction residual；
(c6) each prediction residual of more each forecasting search window, obtains the optimum prediction residual error.
5. compaction coding method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the prediction reference weight includes position weight
With diversity factor Factor Weight.
6. compaction coding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using quantization compensation model to described to be processed
It includes: successively to carry out quantification treatment, compensation deals, at inverse quantization to the quantifying unit to be processed that quantifying unit, which carries out coding,
Reason.
7. compaction coding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using compensation quantitative mode to described to be processed
It includes: successively to compensate processing, quantification treatment, at inverse quantization to the quantifying unit to be processed that quantifying unit, which carries out coding,
Reason.
8. compaction coding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (g) includes:
(g1) encoded to obtain the first quantization residual sum the to the quantifying unit to be processed using the quantization compensation model
One rate distortion rate；Meanwhile the quantifying unit to be processed is encoded to obtain the second quantization using the compensation quantitative mode
Residual sum the second rate distortion rate；
(g2) the first rate distortion rate and the second rate distortion rate, if the first rate distortion rate is less than described second
Rate distortion rate, then using the first quantization residual error as the optimum quantization residual error；Otherwise using it is described second quantization residual error as
The optimum quantization residual error.
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| WO2022217447A1 (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-20 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Video encoding and decoding method and system, and video codec |
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