CN109573791B - Elevator with simple structure and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator with a simple structure and a control method thereof. The existing elevator is provided with a plurality of limit switches, so that the convenience in use is affected. The elevator control device comprises a hoistway, an elevator car and a limit position control device, wherein the limit position control device comprises a controller, a limit switch, an upper collision bow and a lower collision bow, trigger point groups are arranged on the upper collision bow and the lower collision bow, and the controller acquires the position of the elevator car through the trigger times of the limit switch and the elevator car lifting direction so as to control the elevator to perform deceleration operation, braking operation or power-off operation. The installation position of the limit switch is improved to the car, the number is reduced to one, the number of signal sources is effectively reduced, the situation that mutual interference occurs between the signal sources is effectively avoided, the production cost is reduced by reducing the number of the limit switch, the situation that dust deposition fails is avoided by improving the use frequency, and the use safety is ensured.

Description

Elevator with simple structure and control method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of elevators, in particular to an elevator and a control method thereof.

Background technique

Existing elevators include a vertical hoistway, guide rails vertically arranged along the hoistway, a car that moves up and down along the guide rail, and a drive component that drives the car up and down. The drive component drives the car up and down along the track to realize the transportation of people and goods between different floors . In order to ensure the safe operation of the car, limit position control devices are usually installed on the elevator to effectively prevent the car from rushing to the top or hitting the ground due to loss of control. The existing limit position control device includes two sets of limit switch assemblies respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the car and a bow assembly arranged on the car. The limit switch assembly includes a deceleration switch, an end switch and a limit switch. When in use, when the car is over-lifted, the striker bow assembly will move with the car and trigger the deceleration switch, end switch and limit switch at the top or bottom of the hoistway in sequence to perform deceleration, braking and braking operations on the car respectively. Power down operation. This structure has the following defects: Since each limit switch has its own unique function, in order to ensure the normal operation of the limit position control device, two sets of six limit switches must be installed, which will increase the number of signal sources and further increase The difficulty of control and the probability of interference between signals also increase the production cost and cause a lot of waste. In addition, dust will accumulate because the limit switch is placed in the well for a long time and remains stationary, which increases the probability of switch failure and poses a safety hazard.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an elevator with a simple structure and its control method. The installation position of the limit switch is improved on the car, so that the car uses the same limit switch at the top and bottom of the hoistway. The trigger control not only effectively reduces the number of signal sources, but also reduces the production cost, and avoids the failure of dust accumulation by increasing the frequency of use, ensuring safe use.

The present invention is achieved in the following manner: an elevator with a simple structure, including a vertical shaft, guide rails vertically arranged along the shaft, a car lifted and lowered along the guide rail, a drive assembly for driving the car up and down, and a limit position matched with the car The control device, the limit position control device includes a controller, a limit switch installed laterally on the car, a lifting sensor linked with the car, and an upper bumper bow and a lower bumper bow separately placed on the top and bottom of the hoistway. , the upper ram and the lower ram are provided with a trigger point group vertically aligned with the limit switch, the controller knows the position of the car through the number of triggers of the limit switch and the lifting direction of the car, and then controls the elevator Perform deceleration operation, braking operation or power-off operation. Improve the installation position of the limit switch to the car, and reduce the number of limit switches from the original six to one. Judging the real-time dynamics of the car and the position of the shaft, and then controlling the elevator to implement various corresponding operations, so as to ensure that the car is quickly and effectively braked to stop when excessive lifting occurs, which not only effectively reduces the number of signal sources, but also effectively avoids signal There is mutual interference between sources, and the production cost is reduced by reducing the number of limit switches, and the failure of dust accumulation is avoided by increasing the frequency of use to ensure safe use.

Both the upper ram and the lower ram are equipped with a trigger point group formed by a combination of multiple trigger points. Since the limit switch passes through any trigger point, the trigger signal will be transmitted outward, and the controller will Information and trigger times information to determine the specific trigger point for triggering the limit switch, and then provide a basis for the elevator to implement different operations, through multiple effective operations to ensure that the car stops as soon as possible to ensure safe use.

Preferably, the trigger point group includes an upward deceleration point, an upper end point and an upper limit point sequentially set on the upper ram from bottom to top, and the upward deceleration point, upper end point and upper limit point are all It is vertically aligned with the trigger part of the limit switch. The limit switch that goes up and down with the car will be triggered when it passes through the upward deceleration point, the upper end point and the upper limit point, so as to provide a counting basis for the controller, and then infer the position of the car, and provide a basis for the elevator to implement different operations. in accordance with.

Preferably, the trigger point group includes a downward deceleration point, a lower end point, and a lower limit point set sequentially on the lower ram from top to bottom, and the downward deceleration point, the lower end point, and the lower limit point are all related to The trigger parts of the limit switches are aligned vertically. The limit switch that goes up and down with the car will be triggered when it passes through the downward deceleration point, the lower end point, and the lower limit point, so as to provide a counting basis for the controller, and then infer the position of the car, and provide a basis for the elevator to implement different operations. in accordance with.

Preferably, both the upper ramming bow and the lower ramming bow include a vertical strip-shaped body, the body and the trigger part of the limit switch are vertically misaligned, and the body faces the limit switch side. A plurality of height-displaced protrusions form a corresponding trigger point group, and the limit switch realizes a point trigger with a time difference by colliding with the trigger part and the protrusions when vertically moving up and down. The upward deceleration point, the upper end point, and the upper limit point are set on the upper ramming bow in a height-displaced manner, and the downward deceleration point, lower end point, and lower limit point are set on the lower ramming bow in a height-displaced manner, which not only ensures the limit The position switch has a time difference between two point triggers to ensure that the corresponding operation can be carried out smoothly. It can also perform operations corresponding to the position of the car according to the position of the car to ensure that the car performs preset operations at the preset position. The limit switch goes up and down synchronously with the car in the non-triggering state. When the triggering part of the limit switch crosses any trigger point, the limit switch switches from the non-triggering state to the triggering state and quickly switches back to the non-triggering state. The single trigger time is determined by the lifting speed of the car and the vertical height of the protrusion, and a reciprocating switching process of the limit switch between the non-triggering state and the triggering state forms a counting unit of the controller.

Preferably, the upper ramming bow and the lower ramming bow are respectively fixed on the guide rails through brackets to ensure that the positions of the upper ramming bow and the lower ramming bow are fixed, thereby ensuring that the positions of each trigger point are fixed, and ensuring that the car The preset position triggers the preset action.

Preferably, the lift sensor is fixed to the car, and the lift sensor includes an induction wheel closely attached to the guide rail, and the lift sensor corresponds to the lift direction of the car through the rotation direction of the induction wheel. The lift sensor rises and falls synchronously with the car, and rolls through the induction wheel and the guide rail during the lift. The lift sensor judges the lift direction of the car by monitoring the rotation direction of the induction wheel, and provides a reference for the controller to add and subtract counts.

An elevator control method, the controller obtains the lifting direction of the car through the lifting sensor, and the limit switch vertically crosses the lower limit point, the lower end point, the downward deceleration point, the upward deceleration point, the upper end point or the upper limit Each point will complete a trigger state switch, and the controller will know the car position parameter A according to the number of trigger state switches of the limit switch and the lift direction of the car, and then control the elevator to perform deceleration operation, braking operation or power-off operation.

Specifically, the controller has the ability to calculate the car position parameter A and form △A that can be stored and recorded. The controller knows the lift status of the car through the lift sensor. During operation: the controller obtains the parameter A through the position of the car initial value;

During operation, when the car is in the rising state and the limit switch is triggered once, A=△A+1; when the car is in the down state and the limit switch is triggered once, A=△A-1;

The controller judges the position of the car according to the value of parameter A and then controls the elevator to perform corresponding operations. Specifically: when A=1, the trigger part is located in the lower limit point of the hoistway and its lower section, and the drive components are disconnected. Electric operation; when A=2, the trigger part is in the section between the lower limit point and the lower end point of the hoistway, and performs braking operation on the car; when A=3, the trigger part is in the shaft and is located at the In the section between the lower end point and the downward deceleration point, the car is decelerated; when A=4, the trigger part is located in the section between the downward deceleration point and the upward deceleration point, and the elevator runs normally; when A =5, the trigger part is in the section between the upward deceleration point and the upper end point in the hoistway, and decelerates the car; when A=6, the trigger part is in the hoistway between the upper end point and the upper limit In the section between points, the brake operation is performed on the car; when A=7, the trigger part is located in the upper limit point and the upper section of the hoistway, and the power-off operation is performed on the drive assembly.

Since the lower limit point, the lower end point, the lower deceleration point, the upper deceleration point, the upper end point or the upper limit point are set in the preset positions from bottom to top, when the trigger part is between any two adjacent points and the control When the controller obtains the count of the trigger part being triggered once, it only needs to combine the lift direction of the car to determine the specific trigger point that triggers this count, which makes it easier for the controller to effectively judge the actual position of the car and provide a reference for the elevator to implement corresponding operations in accordance with.

As a preference, after the elevator implements the braking operation or the power-off operation, the car needs to be reset to the stop station on the top floor or the bottom floor through the reset operation, and the parameter A is reset to the initial value. After the car is reset, when When the car completes the reset action by rising, the initial value of parameter A is 3; when the car completes the reset action by descending, the initial value of parameter A is 5. When the car is at the landing station corresponding to the top floor, the car door matches the landing door on the top floor; when the car is at the landing station corresponding to the bottom floor, the car door matches the landing door at the bottom floor The door matches the corresponding. When the car is rising, when the trigger part contacts the upward deceleration point and makes the elevator decelerate the car, the car can decelerate and stop at the stop station on the top floor, and the upward deceleration point serves as an auxiliary car. The function of moving to the bottom stop station. When the car passes the corresponding stop station and continues to move upward, it will be triggered by the impact of the trigger part with the upper end point and the upper limit point. Similarly, the downward deceleration point It also has the function of assisting the car to move to the bottom floor stop station. There is a preset activity space in the hoistway between the top stop station and the bottom stop station to meet the normal operation of the car. The car that rises too much will be reset to the top stop station, and the car that goes down too much will be reset to the top stop station. It will be reset to the bottom stop station.

Preferably, when the elevator performs a braking operation on the car, the car is reset through the manual control mode; when the elevator performs a power-off operation on the driving components, the car is reset through the external drive mode. When the elevator performs braking operation or power-off operation, it must be inspected and repaired before it can be put into use again to ensure safe use. The maintenance measures for the elevator will be treated differently according to the degree of excessive lifting of the car, so as to ensure that the fault of the car can be eliminated in time.

The outstanding beneficial effects of the present invention: the installation position of the limit switch is improved on the car, and the number of limit switches is reduced from six to one. The lift direction information of the car is used to judge the real-time hoistway section of the car, and then control the elevator to implement various corresponding operations, so as to ensure that the car is quickly and effectively braked to stop when excessive lift occurs, which effectively reduces the signal source Quantity, effectively avoiding mutual interference between signal sources, and reducing the production cost by reducing the number of limit switches, and avoiding dust accumulation and failure by increasing the frequency of use, ensuring safe use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the limit position control device when the car is raised and lowered in the preset activity space;

Fig. 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the limit position control device when the car parameter A=5;

Fig. 4 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the limit position control device when the car parameter A=6;

In the figure: 1. Well way, 2. Guide rail, 3. Car, 4. Limit switch, 5. Lifting sensor, 6. Upper bumper, 7. Lower bumper, 8. Upper end point, 9. Upper limit point, 10, trigger part, 11, downward deceleration point, 12, lower end point, 13, lower limit point, 14, support, 15, upward deceleration point.

Detailed ways

The substantive features of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A kind of elevator with simple structure as shown in Fig. 1, consists of a vertical hoistway 1, a guide rail 2 vertically arranged along the hoistway 1, a car 3 that moves up and down along the guide rail 2, a drive assembly that drives the car 3 to go up and down, and a drive assembly that is connected to the car Comprised of a limit position control device matched with the car 3, the limit position control device includes a controller, a limit switch 4 placed laterally on the car 3, a lifting sensor 5 linked with the car 3, and a and the upper ramming bow 6 and the lower ramming bow 7 at the bottom, the upper ramming bow 6 and the lower ramming bow 7 are provided with a trigger point group vertically aligned with the limit switch 4, and the controller passes the limit switch The position of the car 3 is known by the number of times the switch 4 is triggered and the lifting direction of the car 3, and then the elevator is controlled to perform a deceleration operation, a braking operation or a power-off operation.

In actual operation, the car 3 moves along the guide rail 2 under the guidance of the guide shoes, and the car 3 realizes the lifting motion under the driving of its own gravity and the drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a motor that drives the car 3 up and down. Normally, the car 3 will move up and down along the preset activity space in the hoistway 1 (as shown in Figure 2) to move between floors. The top of the hoistway 1 is provided with a reserved space higher than the top floor, and the bottom There is a reserved space lower than the bottom floor. The reserved space can not only provide installation space for related equipment, but also provide a buffer space for the car 3 to prevent collision with the top or bottom. When the car 3 enters the reserved space due to excessive lifting When in the space, it is necessary to brake the car 3 through the limit position control device to ensure the safety of passengers.

In actual operation, the trigger point group set on the upper ram 6 includes the upward deceleration point 15, the upper end point 8 and the upper limit point 9, which are set sequentially from bottom to top. The upward deceleration point 15, the upper Both the end point 8 and the upper limit point 9 are vertically aligned with the trigger portion 10 of the limit switch 4 . The trigger point group set on the lower ram 7 includes the downward deceleration point 11, the lower end point 12 and the lower limit point 13 which are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The downward deceleration point 11, the lower end point 12 and the lower The limit points 13 are vertically aligned with the trigger portion 10 of the limit switch 4 . Set the lower limit point 13, the lower end point 12, the lower deceleration point 11, the upper deceleration point 15, the upper end point 8 and the upper limit point 9 sequentially from bottom to top, and the vertical projection is consistent with the triggering of the limit switch 4 Part 10 coincides, and the limit switch 4 that moves up and down synchronously with the car 3 hits the above-mentioned trigger point through the trigger part 10, and then provides the position signal of the car 3.

In actual operation, the controller is used to calculate and store the position parameter A of the car 3. When in use, the lifting sensor can provide the controller with the direction signal of the car 3. When the controller receives the trigger signal of the limit switch 4 Then calculate and adjust the position parameter A of the car 3 according to the lifting direction signal, and provide a basis for the corresponding operation of the elevator. Specifically, the trigger signal of the limit switch 4 that can be counted by the controller is usually a trigger state switching process, which can be a reciprocating switching process of the limit switch 4 between the non-triggering state and the triggering state, or it can be a limit switch 4. The process of switching from the non-triggering state to the triggering state should be determined according to the structures of the upper ram 6 and the lower ram 7, and should be regarded as specific embodiments of the present invention.

In the actual operation group, when a counting unit is a reciprocating switching process of the limit switch 4 between the non-triggering state and the triggering state, the upper bumper 6 and the lower bumper 7 both include vertical strips Shaped body, the body and the trigger part 10 of the limit switch 4 are vertically dislocated, and the body is provided with a number of height-displaced protrusions facing the limit switch 4, and the protrusions form corresponding trigger point groups. When the limit switch 4 is lifted vertically, the trigger part 10 collides with the protrusion to realize a point trigger with a time difference. The limit switch 4 is in the non-triggering state when it goes up and down synchronously with the car 3 in the non-triggering state. A quick switch back to the non-triggered state forms a count unit for the controller to count.

In the actual operation group, when a counting unit is the process of switching the limit switch 4 from the non-triggered state to the triggered state, the upper ram 6 and the lower ram 7 both include a vertical strip-shaped body , the body is vertically aligned with the trigger part 10 of the limit switch 4, and a number of height-displaced grooves are provided on the body, and the grooves form corresponding trigger point groups. When the limit switch 4 is vertically lifted Linear triggering with intervals is realized by embedding the trigger part 10 into the groove. The limit switch 4 goes up and down synchronously with the car 3 in the non-triggering state. When the trigger part 10 crosses the bottom of the upper ram 6 upwards or the top of the lower ram 7 downwards, the limit switch 4 is in the non-triggering state. Switch to the trigger state and maintain it until the first groove. When the trigger part 10 crosses the groove, the limit switch 4 switches from the trigger state to the non-trigger state and quickly switches back to the trigger state, thus forming a A unit of count for counting. The upward deceleration point 15, the upper end point 8 and the upper limit point 9 are set on the upper bumper 6 in a height dislocation manner, and the downward deceleration point 11, the lower end point 12 and the lower limit point 13 are set in the lower position in a height dislocation manner. Hit the bow 7, not only to ensure that the limit switch 4 has a time difference between the two point triggers, to ensure that the corresponding operation can be carried out smoothly, but also to implement the operation corresponding to the position of the car 3 according to the position of the car 3, to ensure that the car Cart 3 performs a preset operation in a preset position.

In actual operation, the time between each operation is adjusted by adjusting the height difference between the upward deceleration point 15, the upper end point 8 and the upper limit point 9, and the downward deceleration point 11, the lower end point 12 and the lower limit point 13. Interval and corresponding distance all should be regarded as the concrete embodiment of the present invention such as: when by adjusting upward deceleration point 15, when the distance between 8 upper end points is bigger, the deceleration distance provided for the car is also larger.

The upper ram 6 and the lower ram 7 are both integrally processed and formed, and can also be set as a split structure, which facilitates independent adjustment of the height and position of each trigger point, and further adjusts the time interval between operations and the corresponding The distance should also be regarded as a specific embodiment of the present invention. The cross-section of the trigger point is an isosceles triangle with the center line horizontal, and the displacement of the trigger part 15 is guided by the oblique sides of the isosceles triangle, which not only ensures that the limit switch can be effectively triggered, but also improves the trigger stability and accuracy.

In actual operation, the upper ram 6 and the lower ram 7 are respectively fixed on the guide rail 2 through the bracket 14, so that the bracket 14 is arranged horizontally, ensuring that there is a vertically parallel to the guide rail 2 in the hoistway 1 and The barrier-free passage for the trigger part 10 to go up and down prevents false triggering due to the contact between the trigger part 10 and components other than the trigger point group.

In actual operation, the lift sensor 5 is fixedly connected to the car 3, and the lift sensor 5 includes an induction wheel closely attached to the guide rail 2. 3 Corresponding to the lifting direction, the guide rail 2 forms the measurement object of the lifting sensor 5, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the measurement of the moving direction. In addition, the drive assembly includes a motor that drives the car up and down, and the lift sensor 5 can also monitor the rotation direction of the motor shaft and provide a signal for the car's up and down direction for the controller, which should also be regarded as a specific embodiment of the present invention.

In actual operation, the limit switch is one, including a body fixed to the car and a triggering part exposed laterally on the outer wall of the car. A channel for the vertical movement of the triggering part is provided in the hoistway to prevent the triggering part from In case of being falsely triggered due to impact with foreign objects, it ensures safe use. The body is fixed on the side edge of the car top surface through fasteners, so that the trigger part is exposed.

In actual operation, when the limit switch is set on the top of the car and the height of the reserved space is small, there may be an area where the lower end point and the lower limit point are set above the floor stop station. Only after crossing the floor stop station downwards can the lower end point and the lower limit point be contacted successively by the limit switch, which should be regarded as specific embodiments of the present invention.

An elevator control method, the controller knows the lifting direction of the car 3 through the lifting sensor 5, and the limit switch 4 vertically crosses the lower limit point 13, the lower end point 12, the downward deceleration point 11, the upward deceleration point 15, When the upper end point 8 or the upper limit point 9 will complete a trigger state switch, the controller will know the position parameter A of the car 3 according to the number of trigger state switches of the limit switch 4 and the lifting direction of the car 3, and then control the elevator to carry out Deceleration operation, braking operation or power-off operation.

Specifically, the controller has the function of calculating the position parameter A of the car 3 and forming a ΔA that can be stored and recorded. The controller knows the lifting state of the car 3 through the lifting sensor 5, and the controller has the function of calculating the position parameter A of the car 3. It also has the function of forming and storing the parameter △A, △A is formed by the transformation of the real-time car 3 position parameter A, and provides the calculation basis for the next calculation of the car 3 position parameter A.

During operation, the controller obtains the initial value of parameter A through the position of car 3, and forms △A accordingly:

When the car 3 is in the ascending state and the limit switch 4 is triggered once, A=△A+1; when the car 3 is in the descending state and the limit switch 4 is triggered once, A=△A-1. The controller adds and subtracts the parameter ΔA according to the lifting direction of the car 3 .

The controller judges the position of car 3 according to the value of parameter A and then controls the elevator to perform corresponding operations, specifically:

When A=1, the trigger part 10 is in the shaft 1 located in the lower limit point 13 and its lower section, and performs a power-off operation on the drive assembly, and the corresponding section includes the lower limit point;

When A=2, the trigger part 10 is located in the section between the lower limit point 13 and the lower end point 12 of the hoistway 1, and performs a braking operation on the car 3. The corresponding section includes the lower end point, but does not including lower limit points;

When A=3, the trigger part 10 is located in the section between the lower end point 12 and the downward deceleration point 11 of the hoistway 1, and decelerates the car 3. The corresponding section includes the downward deceleration point, but does not include the downward deceleration point. end point;

When A=4, the trigger part 10 is located in the section of the hoistway 1 between the downward deceleration point 11 and the upward deceleration point 15, and the elevator runs normally, and the corresponding section does not include the downward deceleration point 11 and the upward deceleration point 15;

When A=5, as shown in Figure 3, the trigger part 10 is located in the section between the upward deceleration point 15 and the upper end point 8 of the hoistway 1, and decelerates the car 3, and the corresponding section includes the upward deceleration point , but does not include the upper endpoint;

When A=6, as shown in Figure 4, the trigger part 10 is located in the section between the upper end point 8 and the upper limit point 9 of the hoistway 1, and performs a braking operation on the car 3, and the corresponding section includes the upper Set the end point, but not including the upper limit point;

When A=7, the trigger unit 10 is in the upper limit point 9 of the hoistway 1 and its upper section, and performs a power-off operation on the drive assembly, and the corresponding section includes the upper limit point.

For example:

A vertical shaft 1 is set in a building with five floors, the upper end point 8 and the upper limit point 9 are set in the reserved space above the top floor stop station of the shaft 1, and the lower end point 12 and the lower limit point are set. The point 13 is set in the reserved space of the hoistway 1 below the stop station on the bottom floor, the area between the two reserved spaces of the wellway 1 forms a preset activity space, and the upward deceleration point 15 is set at the stop station on the top floor and the fourth station Between the floor stop stations, the downward deceleration point 11 is set between the bottom stop station and the second floor stop station.

During operation, the controller obtains the initial value of parameter A through the position of the car 3, and forms △A based on it, and sets the elevator to automatically reset to the stop position at the bottom floor every time it is opened. At this time, according to the car The position of compartment 3 obtains parameter A=3.

The car 3 is always in a normal lifting motion, the car 3 will reciprocate between the top stop station and the bottom stop station, and the position parameters of the car 3 will change freely between 3≤A≤5, specifically :

When the car 3 rises from the bottom stop station to the third floor stop station, the lifting sensor 5 detects that the car 3 moves upward, and the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit due to passing through the downward deceleration point 11, Then the position parameter of car 3 is A=△A+1=3+1=4, the elevator runs normally without any operation, and the controller records the new △A=4;

When the car 3 rises from the three-floor stop station to the top floor stop station, the lifting sensor 5 detects that the car 3 moves upward, and the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit due to passing through the upward deceleration point 15, Then the position parameter of car 3 is A=△A+1=4+1=5, and the deceleration operation is performed on car 3 to ensure that car 3 can accurately stop at the stop position on the top floor, and the controller records the new △A =5;

When the car 3 descends from the top stop station to the bottom stop station, the lifting sensor 5 detects that the car 3 moves downward. First, the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit due to passing the upward deceleration point 15 , then the position parameter of car 3 is A=△A-1=5-1=4, the elevator runs normally without any operation, the controller records the new △A=4, after that, the limit switch 4 will decelerate due to the downward movement Point 11 forms a counting unit, then the position parameter of car 3 is A=△A-1=4-1=3, and the deceleration operation is performed on car 3 to ensure that car 3 can accurately stop at the stop station on the bottom floor , the controller records the new △A=3;

Through the above method and so on, the normal operation of the car 3 in the preset activity space is realized.

Car 3 has an abnormal lifting movement, and car 3 will enter the reserved space due to excessive lifting, and the position parameter of car 3 will switch between 1≤A≤7, specifically:

When the car 3 rises and does not stop at the stop position on the top floor, because the limit switch 4 has passed the upward deceleration point 15, at this time the controller stores △A=5, so the lift sensor 5 detects that the car 3 moves upward, the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit due to passing the upper end point 8, then the position parameter of the car 3 is A=△A+1=5+1=6, and the elevator performs a braking operation on the car 3, Make sure that car 3 stops as soon as possible, and the controller records the new △A=6;

When the car 3 passes the upper end point 8 and is still not stationary, the lift sensor 5 detects that the car 3 moves upward, and the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit due to passing the upper limit point 9, and the car 3 Position parameter A=△A+1=6+1=7, the elevator will power off the driving components to ensure that the car 3 is forced to stop, and the controller will record the new △A=7;

When the car 3 descends and does not stop at the stop position on the bottom floor, since the limit switch 4 has passed the down-speed deceleration point 11, the △A=3 stored by the controller at this time, so the lift sensor 5 detects the Car 3 moves downward, the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit because it passes through the lower end point 12, then the position parameter of car 3 is A=△A-1=3-1=2, and the elevator brakes car 3 Operation, to ensure that the car 3 stops as soon as possible, and the controller records the new △A=2;

When the car 3 passes the lower end point 12 and is still not stationary, the lift sensor 5 detects that the car 3 moves downward, and the limit switch 4 will form a counting unit due to passing the lower limit point 13, then the car Car 3 position parameter A=△A-1=2-1=1, the elevator will power off the driving components to ensure that car 3 is forced to stop, and the controller will record the new △A=1;

Drive the car 3 to stand still as soon as possible by the above operations to ensure safe operation. After the elevator performs the braking operation on the car 3, the car 3 is reset through the manual control mode. The manual control mode means that the maintenance personnel control the drive components through the control box to drive the car 3 to perform slow lifting and reset, and the lifting direction of the car 3 Controlled by buttons inside the control box. After the elevator performs a power-off operation on the driving components, the car 3 is reset through an external drive mode, and the external drive mode refers to driving the car 3 to lift and reset through an external drive source. When the elevator performs braking operation or power-off operation, it is necessary to reset the car 3 to the stop position on the top floor or the bottom floor through the reset operation, and the parameter A is reset to the initial value. The end nearer to the movable space is reset. When the car 3 is located in the reserved space at the bottom of the hoistway 1, the car 3 moves up to complete the reset. During this process, the lifting sensor 5 senses the upward movement of the car 3, and the reset is completed. Finally, the initial value of parameter A is set to 3. Similarly, when the car 3 is located in the reserved space at the top of the hoistway 1, the car 3 is reset by descending and moving. During this process, the lift sensor 5 senses the Move down, after reset, the initial value of parameter A is set to 5. Car 3 can be put into normal use again after completing the reset movement.

In actual operation, when the triggering part of the car is triggered between the upward deceleration point and the downward deceleration point, it is regarded as an abnormal situation, and the braking operation is performed on the car, and it can be put into normal use again after being overhauled by the maintenance personnel. In the specific operation, since there are sensors on the stop station of the second top floor and the stop station of the second bottom floor, the sensors not only provide positioning for the lifting and lowering of the car, but also play a role in sensing the displacement of the car, so According to the trigger state of the corresponding sensor and the lifting direction of the car, the abnormal situation is judged. When the limit switch is triggered when the car moves upward, the car position parameter A=4 and the sensor of the next top floor stop station is not triggered, it is regarded as an abnormal situation and the car is braked. operate. When the limit switch is triggered when the car moves downward, the car position parameter A=4 and the sensor of the second floor stop station is not triggered, it is regarded as an abnormal situation and the car is controlled. manual operation. The sub-top floor refers to the adjacent floor located below the top floor, and the sub-bottom floor refers to the adjacent floor located above the bottom floor.

Claims (9)

1. An elevator with a simple structure, comprising a vertical shaft (1), a guide rail (2) vertically arranged along the shaft (1), a lift car (3) along the guide rail (2), and a driving car (3) ) a drive assembly for lifting and a limit position control device matched with the car (3), characterized in that the limit position control device includes a controller, a limit switch (4) placed laterally on the car (3), The lifting sensor (5) linked with the car (3) and the upper ramming bow (6) and the lower ramming bow (7) arranged separately on the top and bottom of the hoistway (1), the upper ramming bow (6) ) and the lower bumper (7) are provided with a trigger point group vertically aligned with the limit switch (4), the controller knows the car (3) lift direction through the trigger times of the limit switch (4) Car (3) position, and then control the elevator to perform deceleration operation, braking operation or power-off operation. 2. An elevator with a simple structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger point group includes an upward deceleration point (15), an upper Set the end point (8) and the upper limit point (9), the upward deceleration point (15), the upper end point (8) and the upper limit point (9) are all connected to the trigger part of the limit switch (4) (10) Vertical alignment setting. 3. An elevator with a simple structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, the trigger point group includes a downward deceleration point (11) arranged on the lower bumper (7) from top to bottom, a lower The end point (12) and the lower limit point (13), the downward deceleration point (11), the lower end point (12) and the lower limit point (13) are all connected to the trigger part of the limit switch (4) ( 10) Vertical alignment setting. 4. An elevator with a simple structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, both the upper ram (6) and the lower ram (7) comprise a vertical strip-shaped body, the The body and the trigger portion (10) of the limit switch (4) are arranged vertically in dislocation, and the body is provided with a number of height-displaced protrusions towards the side of the limit switch (4), and the protrusions form corresponding groups of trigger points, When the limit switch (4) is lifted vertically, the trigger part (10) collides with the protrusion to realize the point trigger with time difference. 5. A kind of elevator with simple structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that there is one limit switch (4), comprising a body fixed to the car (3) and a lateral The trigger part (10) exposed on the outer side wall of the car (3), the trigger part (10) is vertically aligned with the trigger point group. 6. An elevator with a simple structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, the upper ram (6) and the lower ram (7) are respectively fixed on the guide rail (2) through brackets (14) Or, the lifting sensor (5) is fixed on the car (3), and the lifting sensor (5) includes an induction wheel closely attached to the guide rail (2), and the lifting sensor (5) The direction of rotation of the induction wheel corresponds to the lifting direction of the car (3). 7. A control method for an elevator, characterized in that the controller knows the lifting direction of the car (3) through the lifting sensor (5), and the limit switch (4) vertically crosses the lower limit point (13) and the lower end point (12), the downward deceleration point (11), the upward deceleration point (15), the upper end point (8) or the upper limit point (9) will complete a trigger state switch, and the controller will switch according to the limit switch (4) The number of trigger state switches and the lifting direction of the car (3) are used to obtain the position parameter A of the car (3), and then control the elevator to perform deceleration operation, braking operation or power-off operation. 8. A kind of elevator control method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, controller has calculation car (3) position parameter A and forms ΔA that can be stored and recorded, and at this moment ΔA=A, controller Know the lifting state of the car (3) through the lifting sensor (5). During operation: the controller obtains the initial value of parameter A through the position of the car (3); state and the limit switch (4) is triggered once, the new position parameter A=△A+1, when the car (3) is in the descending state and the limit switch (4) is triggered once, the new position parameter Parameter A=△A-1; the controller judges the position of the car (3) according to the value of parameter A and then controls the elevator to perform corresponding operations. Specifically: when A=1, the triggering part (10) is in the shaft (1) In the lower limit point (13) and its lower section, the power-off operation is implemented to the driving assembly; when A=2, the trigger part (10) is in the shaft (1) and is located at the lower limit point (13) and In the section between the lower terminal points (12), the brake operation is implemented on the car (3); when A=3, the trigger part (10) is in the position where the hoistway (1) is located at the lower terminal point (12) and the downward deceleration In the section between the points (11), the car (3) is decelerated; when A=4, the trigger part (10) is located in the shaft (1) and is located at the downward deceleration point (11) and the upward deceleration point (15 ), the elevator runs normally; when A=5, the trigger part (10) is located in the section between the upward deceleration point (15) and the upper end point (8) of the hoistway (1), and the car (3) implement the deceleration operation; when A=6, the trigger part (10) was in the section between the hoistway (1) and the upper end point (8) and the upper limit point (9), to the car (3 ) to implement braking operation; when A=7, the trigger part (10) is in the shaft (1) and is located in the upper limit point (9) and its upper section, and the power-off operation is implemented to the drive assembly; when the elevator implements After the brake operation or power-off operation, the car (3) needs to be reset to the stop station on the top floor or the bottom floor through the reset operation, and the parameter A is reset to the initial value. After the car (3) is reset, when When the car (3) completes the reset action by rising, the initial value of parameter A is 3; when the car (3) completes the reset action by descending, the initial value of parameter A is 5 9. A kind of elevator control method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, after the elevator implements braking operation to the car (3), the car (3) resets through the manual control mode; After the power-off operation, the car (3) is reset through the external drive mode.

Images