CN109561727A - 健康管理组合物及其制备和使用方法 - Google Patents
健康管理组合物及其制备和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109561727A CN109561727A CN201780049136.3A CN201780049136A CN109561727A CN 109561727 A CN109561727 A CN 109561727A CN 201780049136 A CN201780049136 A CN 201780049136A CN 109561727 A CN109561727 A CN 109561727A
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Abstract
营养保健组合物包括神经保护组合物、抗炎组合物、心血管保护组合物、抗氧化组合物和足量的凝胶组合物,以提供粘性凝胶化产品。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2016年8月4日提交的待审美国临时申请专利申请号第62/371136号的权益,其全部内容结合于此作为参考。
技术领域
本申请大体涉及凝胶或胶粘配方的营养保健组合物,用于营养保健品的各种凝胶或胶粘组合物的给药方法,以及包括用于营养保健品的各种胶粘组合物的套件。
背景技术
衰老会降低动机、认知、感官方式和身体能力,显著地降低生活趣味。运动徐缓(身体运动减少)是老化和死亡风险的高度可靠的生物标志物。对于老年人而言,在晚年保持热情健康和表现可能比仅仅延长寿命提供更大的社会和经济效益。
与衰老有关的关键因素包括活性氧、炎症过程、胰岛素抵抗和线粒体功能障碍。氧化应激源于多种原因,如异生素、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)氧化酶、缺氧、衰老、疾病过程、线粒体功能和暴露于电离辐射。自由基会破坏脂质、蛋白质、DNA和细胞结构。氧化DNA碱基损伤、染色体畸变、基因组不稳定性和端粒改变是氧化过程中最有害的后果,因此导致高剂量潜在的诱变。
一些调查DNA损伤各种指标的研究,包括氧化碱基损伤、端粒缩短、染色体片段、染色体丢失和非整倍性,一直表明DNA损伤随着年龄的增长而成比例增加,被认为是衰老的有效标志物。基因组畸变增加了致癌作用的风险,以及实际上可能通过促进细胞功能障碍和死亡来加速衰老过程。慢性氧化应激(例如与衰老相关的应激)是受损DNA和染色体重排累积的重要原因。与衰老相关的过程是慢性氧化应激的最常见原因;然而,包括神经退行性疾病、癌症、早衰、动脉粥样硬化、自身免疫和糖尿病在内的许多疾病状态包括慢性氧化应激作为疾病进展的重要因素。年龄相关的DNA损伤增加也与进行性线粒体功能障碍和自由基产生增加有关,这可能导致进行性生理功能障碍、恶化和死亡。调解防御、修复和替换的细胞反应似乎随着年龄的增长而减弱并导致衰老。
发明内容
本申请提供了用于维持良好健康和抗衰老管理的营养保健组合物和套件及其制备和使用方法。
在一个方面,本申请提供了营养保健组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物包括神经保护组合物、抗炎组合物、心血管保护组合物、抗氧化组合物和足量的凝胶组合物,以提供粘性凝胶化产品。
在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括端粒酶活化组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括线粒体增强组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括维生素组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括矿物质组合物。
在一个实施例中,神经保护组合物包括褪黑激素、左旋肉碱、乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸、人参、大蒜、假马齿苋(Bacopa monnierae)、积雪草、灯油藤、烟草、睡茄、蓖麻、鼠尾草、银杏、锯杉(Huperiza serrata)、当归、钩藤、贯叶连翘、金丝桃、毒扁豆、菖蒲、姜黄、诃子、番红花、沼菊、缬草、光果甘草、防风滇苦菜、黄芩、毛当归、白桑、丹参、嘴叶钩藤、川芎、黄芩、姜黄素、天麻、肉苁蓉、管花肉苁蓉、白芍、远志根(PRE)、远志、葛根、益智、孳息(AOE)、虎杖、阴阳莲、其提取物、粉末、分离物或其衍生物。在一个实施例中,人参包括亚洲人参(panax ginseng)、西伯利亚人参(刺五加)、西洋参(花旗参)、印度人参(南非醉茄)、维生素E或其组合。
在一个实施例中,所述抗炎组合物包括乙酰水杨酸、生物类黄酮、ω-3脂肪酸、白柳、姜黄素、姜黄、藏红花、姜、乳香、洋甘菊、甘草、山金车、金缕梅、紫锥菊、来自菠萝的菠萝蛋白酶、蓍草、橡树皮、核桃叶、胡芦巴、芦荟、金盏花、辣椒素、锦葵、野生三色堇、其提取物、其粉末或其分离物。
在一个实施例中,心血管保护组合物包括ω-3脂肪酸、鱼肝油、鱼油、海藻油、亚麻籽油或其组合。
在一个实施例中,抗氧化剂组合物包括生物类黄酮、石榴、银杏、绿茶、大蒜、葡萄籽、维生素E、维生素C、白藜芦醇、辅酶Q10、槲皮素、芦丁、番茄红素、L-谷胱甘肽、N-乙酰半胱氨酸、酚类、花青素、类黄酮、蒽、类胡萝卜素、玉米黄质、黑莓、接骨木、蔓越莓、蓝莓、藏红花、格拉多的血液(血蝎)、学园枸杞(枸杞)、其提取物、粉末或分离物。
在一个实施例中,端粒酶活化组合物能够刺激端粒酶活性。在一个实施例中,端粒酶活化组合物包括黄芪、其提取物或其分离物、黄芪甲苷、黄芪醇、环黄芪醇或其衍生物。
在一个实施例中,线粒体增强组合物能够保护或增强线粒体活性。在一个实施例中,线粒体增强组合物包括乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸、辅酶Q10(辅酶Q10或泛醌)、维生素B、维生素D、ω-3脂肪酸、镁、D-核糖或衍生物或其组合。在一个实施例中,维生素B包括维生素B12、维生素B3、核黄素、硫胺素和B6、或其组合。在一个实施例中,线粒体组合物包括烟酰胺核糖核苷(NR),其是维生素B3(烟酸)的天然存在的代谢物。在一个实施例中,线粒体增强组合物包括Q10和喜来芝提取物或其粉末。
该组合物可进一步包括维生素组合物、矿物质组合物、兴奋剂组合物、氨基酸组合物。
在一个实施例中,维生素组合物包括维生素A组合物、维生素B组合物、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E或其组合。在一个实施例中,维生素A组合物包括β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素或其组合。在一个实施例中,维生素B组合物包括维生素B1(硫胺素)、烟酸(B3)、维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸或其衍生物。在一个实施例中,维生素组合物包括维生素B1(硫胺素)、维生素B2(核黄素)、烟酸、维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸、泛酸、生物素或其衍生物。在一个实施例中,维生素B组合物包括不低于1.2mg的维生素B1(硫胺素)、不低于1.3mg的维生素B2(核黄素)、不低于16mg的烟酸,不低于1.5mg的维生素B6,不低于2.4mcg的维生素B12、不低于400mcg的叶酸、不低于5mg的泛酸、不低于30mcg的生物素。在一个实施例中,维生素组合物包括不低于60IU的维生素E、不低于90mg的维生素C、或不低于2000IU的β-胡萝卜素。在一个实施例中,维生素D不低于600IU。
在一个实施例中,矿物质组合物包括吡啶甲酸铬、镁、硒、硒酵母、钾的盐或螯合物或其组合。在一个实施例中,矿物质组合物还包括钙、铁、锌、钠、氯、钾、铜、钼、锰、磷、碘、镍或其组合。在一个实施例中,螯合物是氨基酸螯合物。
在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括氨基酸组合物。在一个实施例中,氨基酸组合物包括至少一种必需氨基酸。在一个实施例中,氨基酸组合物包括苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、甲硫氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸和组氨酸。在一个实施例中,氨基酸组合物包括亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸。
在一个实施例中,凝胶组合物包括明胶、淀粉、果胶、结冷胶、阿拉伯树胶、角叉菜胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、藻酸盐、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶或其衍生物。果胶可包括苹果果胶、柑橘果胶或其组合。在一个实施例中,凝胶组合物包括驴皮明胶、牛肉明胶或端口明胶。在一个实施例中,淀粉包括玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、小麦淀粉、糊精、麦芽糖糊精、稀沸淀粉、高直链淀粉玉米淀粉、速溶淀粉或其衍生物。
在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括基于组合物总重量的从约1%至约20%重量的果胶。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括基于组合物总重量的从约1%至约20%重量的明胶。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括从约1%至约20%重量的果胶和从约1%至约10%重量的水解胶原。
在一个实施例中,组合物基本上不含明胶。在一个实施例中,凝胶组合物主要包括果胶和明胶。在一个实施例中,凝胶组合物主要包括比例为从约10:1至约1:1的果胶和水解胶原。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括基于组合物的总重量从约0.25%至约0.75%重量的结冷胶和从约2%至约3%重量的角叉菜胶。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括基于组合物的总重量的从约0.25%至约0.5%重量的结冷胶和从约2.5%至约3%重量的角叉菜胶。
在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括添加剂。在一个实施例中,添加剂可以包括甜味剂、食用酸、调味剂、着色剂、润湿剂、膨胀剂、脂肪酸、甘油三酯、乳化剂、增稠剂或和其混合物。
在一个实施例中,甜味剂可以是糖、糖浆,葡萄糖浆、玉米糖浆、高果糖玉米糖浆、甘蔗糖浆、木薯糖浆、果汁浓缩物或其混合物。在一个实施例中,甜味剂可包括糖、葡萄糖浆、玉米糖浆、高果糖玉米糖浆、浓缩汁、木薯糖浆、龙舌兰糖浆、糙米糖浆、高麦芽糖浆、转化糖、人造甜味剂、甘草或其提取物或分离物、或其混合物。在一个实施例中,甜味剂主要包括甘草或其提取物或其分离物。在一个实施例中,甜味剂可包括低血糖指数糖。低血糖指数糖可以是具有低于10、20、30、40、50、60或70的血糖指数的糖。
在一个实施例中,甜味剂可以莱鲍迪甙A、莱鲍迪甙B、莱鲍迪甙C、莱鲍迪甙D、莱鲍迪甙E、杜克甙A、杜克甙B、甜茶苷、甜菊、甜菊糖苷、罗汉果苷IV、罗汉果苷V、罗汉果甜味剂、赛门苷、莫纳甜及其盐(莫纳甜SS、RR、RS、SR)、仙茅甜蛋白、甘草酸及其盐、奇异果甜蛋白、莫奈林、马宾林、甜蛋白、赫尔南甘素(hernandulcin)、叶苷素、菝葜苷、根皮苷、三叶苷、白元参甙、欧亚水龙骨甜素、多足皂苷A、翼状蕨苷A、翼状蕨苷B、木库松苷、糙苏苷I、巴西甘草甜素I、相思子苷A、环珊瑚苷I、三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺钾和其他盐、阿斯巴甜、阿力甜、糖精、新橙皮苷二氢查尔酮、甜蜜素、纽甜、N-[N-[3-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)丙基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯丙氨酸1-甲酯、N-[N-[3-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-甲基丁基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯丙氨酸1-甲酯、N-[N-[3-(3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯基)丙基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯基-炔-1-甲酯、其盐和其组合。
在一个实施例中,甜味剂可以是人造甜味剂。在一个实施例中,人造甜味剂可包括糖精、糖精盐、环己基氨基磺酸、环己烷酸盐、阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺酸及其组合。
可以通过添加合适的食用酸、缓冲液或两者来调节组合物的pH。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括食用酸。在一个实施例中,食用酸可包括苹果酸、富马酸、乳酸、酒石酸、葡糖酸-δ内酯、葡糖酸盐、磷酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、乙酸、柠檬酸或其组合。在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可包括按重量计从约0%至约0.4%的抗坏血酸。
在一个实施例中,组合物的pH可以为从约3至约5。在一个实施例中,组合物的pH可以为从约3至约4.5,或从约3.7至约4。在一个实施例中,缓冲液可以是酒石酸钠或酒石酸钾。
在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物还包括调味剂。在一个实施例中,调味剂可以包括香草、薄荷油、留兰香油、桉树油、肉桂油、葡萄柚油、薄荷醇、单薄荷醇琥珀酸酯、薄荷醇乙二醇碳酸酯、薄荷酮甘油缩酮、乳酸薄荷酯、(-)-异胡薄荷醇、对薄荷烷-3,8-二醇、(-)-戊二酸单薄荷酯、冬青油(水杨酸甲酯)、柑橘油、橙油、水果精华、或其混合物或衍生物。在一个实施例中,调味剂可以是具有雌激素活性的精油。在一个实施例中,调味剂可以包括迷迭香油、薰衣草油、鼠尾草油、香紫苏油、百里香油、檀香油、罗勒油、芫荽油、柏树油、飞蓬油、乳香油、老鹳草油、茴香油、牛至油、达尔马西亚鼠尾草油、龙蒿油、或其组合。
营养保健组合物还包括膨胀剂。膨胀剂包括麦芽糖醇糖浆、聚葡萄糖、山梨糖醇、可溶性玉米纤维、抗性淀粉、抗性麦芽糖糊精、纤维素、半纤维素、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、乳果糖、低聚异麦芽寡糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚葡萄糖、水苏糖、低聚乳果糖或其组合。
营养保健组合物可进一步包括防腐剂。防腐剂可以是任何常见的食品防腐剂。在一个实施例中,防腐剂可以是山梨酸钾、山梨酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸钾、柠檬酸盐或其组合。
在一个实施例中,营养保健组合物可进一步包括膳食纤维或益生元。在一个实施例中,膳食纤维是低聚果糖。
在另一方面,本申请提供了营养保健产品套件。在一个实施例中,所述套件包括第一产品,包括神经保护组合物;第二产品,包括抗炎组合物;第三产品,包括心血管保护组合物;和第四产品,包括抗氧化剂组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健产品套件还包括第五产品,其包括端粒酶组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健产品套件还包括第六产品,其包括维生素组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健产品套件还包括第七产品,其包括矿物质组合物。在一个实施例中,本申请提供营养保健产品套件,其中每种产品的形式选自胶粘物、凝胶剂、片剂、胶囊剂、软咀嚼剂、粉末剂或其组合。在一个实施例中,本申请提供营养保健产品套件,其中每种产品是胶粘产品。
在另一方面,本申请提供了制备营养保健组合物的方法。在一个实施例中,该方法包括以下步骤:通过将包括甜味剂、凝胶组分和水的成分的混合物充分溶解在水中来制备第一预混物;通过将凝胶组合物和营养保健混合物在水中充分混合以溶解在水中来制备凝胶溶液;并共混第一预混物和凝胶溶液以形成混合物。在一个实施例中,该方法还包括在至少一种凝胶组分存在下混合营养保健混合物以提供混合物,并粉碎混合物直至平均粒径达到50um或更小。
在又另一方面,本申请提供了使用营养保健组合物来管理健康和/或延迟老化效应的方法。在一个实施例中,该方法包括以下步骤:向受试者提供营养保健组合物或其公开的套件,并向受试者提供消费此类组合物或套件的说明。在一个实施例中,该方法包括提供其公开的营养保健组合物和消费此类组合物或套件以用于健康管理或延迟老化效果的步骤。
从下面的详细描述中,本申请的这些和其他目的和优点将变得显而易见。
具体实施方式
本申请提供了营养保健组合物,其促进健康管理、抗衰老、神经保护和协助管理代谢综合征。在一个实施例中,本发明提供了营养保健组合物,其包括神经保护组合物、抗炎组合物、心血管保护组合物、抗氧化组合物和足量的凝胶组分以提供粘性凝胶化产品。
在一个实施例中,组合物还包括端粒酶活化组合物。在一个实施例中,组合物还包括氨基酸组合物。在一个实施例中,组合物还包括神经-兴奋剂组合物。在一个实施例中,组合物还包括维生素组合物。在一个实施例中,组合物还包括矿物质组合物。
神经保护组合物
神经保护剂是指能够保持脑功能和结构的物质。给予神经保护剂可以帮助使可能杀死脑细胞、减少脑容量或导致长期功能障碍的慢性病的影响最小化。
神经保护剂通常通过改变大脑中特定化学物质(神经递质)的平衡来起作用。一些行为通过选择性增强在慢性受损的人脑功能的脑血流量、脑氧气使用代谢率和脑葡萄糖代谢率来起作用,慢性受损的人脑功能即多发梗塞(中风)痴呆、老年性痴呆的阿尔茨海默型和假性痴呆、缺血性脑(脑血流不畅)梗塞。抗痴呆的神经保护机制之一是降低脑中的胆碱能活性。可改善记忆的实施例胆碱能剂包括毒蕈碱激动剂(例如槟榔碱、毛果芸香碱等)、烟碱激动剂(例如尼古丁)和胆碱酯酶抑制剂(例如石杉碱)。其他抗痴呆的神经保护剂可包括兴奋剂或促智药(例如吡拉西坦、苯丙胺)、公认的脑血管扩张剂(例如麦角生物碱、罂粟碱)和钙通道阻滞剂(例如尼莫地平)。
在一个实施例中,神经保护组合物可包括植物来源或草药。草药产品含有复杂的有机化学物质混合物,其可包括脂肪酸、甾醇、生物碱、类黄酮、糖苷、皂苷、丹宁、萜烯等。植物的治疗价值可能来自植物或草药的各种成分的协同效应。
在一个实施例中,神经保护组合物包括褪黑激素、左旋肉碱、乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸、人参或其提取物、或其组合。在一个实施例中,神经保护组合物包括褪黑激素、乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸、人参或其提取物或其组合组成。在一个实施例中,人参包括亚洲人参(panax ginseng)、西伯利亚人参(刺五加)、西洋参(花旗参),印度人参(南非醉茄)或其组合。
褪黑激素、化学表示为N-乙酰基-5-甲氧基色胺,是在动物、植物、真菌和细菌中发现的物质。在动物中,它是一种预测每天黑暗发作的激素。褪黑激素参与生理功能的昼夜节律的确定周期(同步),包括睡眠时间、血压调节、季节性繁殖等等。许多褪黑激素的生物学效应是通过激活褪黑激素受体产生的,而另一些则是由于其作为普遍和强大的抗氧化剂的作用,在保护核和线粒体DNA中起特殊作用。
左旋肉碱或乙酰左旋肉碱是一种氨基酸(蛋白质的构建单元)。左旋肉碱和相关化合物乙酰左旋肉碱(ALCAR)是能够减轻衰老和疾病对线粒体影响的化合物,同时增加线粒体燃烧脂肪的潜力。左旋肉碱或乙酰左旋肉碱经常被用作脑促进剂,因为它能够提高警觉性和线粒体能力,同时为神经元提供支持。左旋肉碱或乙酰左旋肉碱已被证明可有效减轻衰老的副作用,如神经衰退和慢性疲劳。该化合物还可以保护神经元并修复某些损伤,例如由糖尿病和糖尿病神经病引起的损伤。
α-硫辛酸(LA),也称为α-硫辛酸和α-硫辛酸(ALA)和硫辛酸,是衍生自辛酸的有机硫化合物。α-硫辛酸(ALA)是一种高度参与能量代谢的线粒体脂肪酸。它已显示出对抗各种形式的氧化和炎症的益处。这些效果可以带来益处,可以保护人们免受随年龄增长而产生的心脏病、肝病、糖尿病和神经衰弱的影响。它是一种有效的抗氧化化合物。它适用于线粒体和身体的天然抗氧化防御。它也被视为一种抗衰老化合物,因为它可以逆转一些氧化剂损伤相关的衰老效应。
人参包括属于五加科植物中的几种。这两种主要的形式是中国、韩国或亚洲人参属的人参,以及西伯利亚或俄罗斯人参属的人参。人参中的生物活性成分是三萜皂苷(被称为人参皂苷)的复杂混合物。西伯利亚或俄罗斯的人参包括刺五加的干燥的根和茎,以及含有酚类、多糖和刺五加。在我国,西伯利亚人参被称为五加甙或刺五加,其有效成分为刺五加苷。在一些实施例中,人参可以是人参包括亚洲人参(panax ginseng)、西伯利亚人参(刺五加)、西洋参(花旗参)、印度人参(南非醉茄)或其提取物或分离物。
抗炎剂组合物
抗炎组合物包括能够减轻或减弱炎症的药剂。在一个实施例中,抗炎组合物包括乙酰水杨酸、柳树或其提取物、姜黄素、姜,或其提取物或其组合。在一个实施例中,抗炎组合物基本上由乙酰水杨酸、姜黄素和姜根提取物组成。
乙酰水杨酸(阿司匹林)是一种非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)。它通常用于治疗疼痛、发烧和炎症。水杨酸盐对其他NSAID具有相似的作用(解热、抗炎、镇痛)并抑制相同的酶环氧合酶(COX),但阿司匹林以不可逆的方式这样做,并且与其他药物不同,它对COX-1变异的影响大于COX-2酶的变体。阿司匹林还通过阻止血小板结合在一起而具有抗血小板作用。
姜黄素是与咖喱香料、姜黄相关以及较小程度与姜相关的黄色色素。它是一种小型分子,是典型的“类姜色素”,具有与其他多酚类似的效果,但在某种程度上是独特的,因为它是一种不同类型的多酚(相对于其他种类的'类黄酮','二苯乙烯'等)。它具有强效的抗炎作用,以及这些抗炎作用似乎对某些形式的癌症进展具有很强的保护作用。然而,姜黄素具有独立于其抗炎作用的额外抗癌作用,因此是用于癌症预防和治疗的大量研究的分子。
其他与姜黄素有关的感兴趣的领域是缓解与衰老相关的认知衰退,通过电学手段和降低动脉中的脂质和斑块水平来保持心脏健康,以及降低糖尿病的风险和用于与糖尿病相关副作用的良好治疗。
姜(生姜)是一种强效的抗炎药草。它用作抗痉挛药、抗炎药、循环兴奋剂、止吐药、驱风药。姜是正性肌力(促进心肌张力)活动。有助于缓解恶心和帮助消化。如本文中和权利要求中所用,姜与姜根同义。
齿叶乳香树(印度乳香/印度香胶树),是一种中等至大型的橄榄科(乳香属)的分枝树。油脂树脂含有30-60%树脂、5-10%精油,其余由多糖组成。几个世纪以来,齿叶乳香树的树胶脂提取物一直用于民间医学中以治疗各种慢性炎症性疾病。齿叶乳香树的树胶脂部分具有单萜、二萜、三萜、四环三萜酸和四种主要的五环三萜酸,即β-乳香酸、乙酰-β-乳香酸、11-酮-β-乳香酸和乙酰-11-酮-β-乳香酸、负责抑制促炎酶。在这四种乳香酸中,乙酰-11-酮-β-乳香酸是最有效的5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,5-脂氧合酶是一种负责炎症的酶。
心血管保护组合物
在一个实施例中,心血管保护组合物包括ω-3脂肪酸。ω-3脂肪酸的实施例包括α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)。一旦食用,人体将ALA转化为EPA和DHA,它们更容易被人体使用。ω-3是几乎所有细胞膜的重要组成部分;因此,需要足够量的这些脂肪酸,以进行平衡以保持身体健康。
在一个实施例中,心血管保护组合物包括鱼肝油、亚麻籽油或其组合。在一个实施例中,心血管保护组合物包括鱼油、藻油、鱼肝油、亚麻籽油或其组合。
鳕鱼肝油是来自鳕鱼(鳕科)肝脏的油。它含有高水平的ω-3脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)。鳕鱼肝油还含有维生素A和维生素D。根据美国农业部的说法,一汤匙(4打兰或15毫升)鱼肝油含有4080μg视黄醇(维生素A)和34μg维生素D。富含在ω-3脂肪酸中、鱼肝油可以有益于心脏病发作后的二级预防。
亚麻籽油(也称亚麻籽油)来自亚麻植物的种子。根据托马斯杰斐逊农业研究所的说法,按重量计,亚麻籽是约为40%的油。在这种油中,55%是ω-3脂肪酸。
抗氧化剂组合物
在一个实施例中,抗氧化剂组合物包括生物类黄酮、石榴提取物、银杏、绿茶提取物、大蒜提取物、葡萄籽提取物、维生素E、维生素C、白藜芦醇、辅酶Q10、槲皮素、芦丁、番茄红素、L-谷胱甘肽、N-乙酰基半胱氨酸或其组合。在一个实施例中,抗氧化剂组合物还包括酚类、花青素、类黄酮、蒽、类胡萝卜素、玉米黄质、黑莓提取物、接骨木提取物、蔓越莓提取物、蓝莓提取物、藏红花、格拉多的血液(血蝎)或其衍生物。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂组合物可包括但不限于抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、迷迭香油、维生素A、维生素E、维生素E磷酸酯、生育酚、二-α-生育酚磷酸酯、生育三烯酚、辅酶Q10、α-硫辛酸、二氢硫辛酸、叶黄素、β隐黄质、番茄红素、叶黄素、玉米黄质、虾青素、β-胡萝卜素、胡萝卜素、混合类胡萝卜素、多酚、类黄酮及其组合。在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂组合物可包括提取物和活性植物化学物质,例如阿魏酸(来自苹果)、人参、银杏、β-胡萝卜素、辣椒素、花青素、生物类黄酮、d-柠檬烯、异硫氰酸酯、来自大蒜的半胱氨酸、姜、葡萄、来自茶的儿茶素和多酚、洋葱、植物甾醇、异黄酮、番茄红素、姜黄素、咖啡因、葡萄糖胺、软骨素、二甲基砜、褪黑激素、血清素及其混合物。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂组合物基本上由维生素E、β-胡萝卜素和维生素C组成。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,组合物包括至少80mg、100mg、150mg、200mg、250mg、400mg或500mg的维生素E。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,组合物包括至少15mg、20mg、30mg或50mg的β-胡萝卜素。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,组合物包括至少500mg、600mg、800mg、1g或1.5g的维生素C。
生物类黄酮是在植物中发现的一类营养素。在化学上,它们具有15-碳骨架的通用结构,其由两个苯环(A和B)和杂环(C)组成。该碳结构可以缩写为C6-C3-C6。根据IUPAC命名法,它们可分为:黄酮类或生物类黄酮;异黄酮类(由3-苯基色烯-4-酮(3-苯基-1,4-苯并吡喃酮)结构衍生)和新类黄酮(由4-苯基香豆素(4-苯基-1,2-苯并吡喃酮)结构衍生)。
石榴提取物含有多种可能具有抗氧化作用的化学物质,包括安石榴甙。安石榴甙是石榴汁中发现的大分子,以某种方式被吸收;它们是有效的抗氧化剂,与石榴酸一起赋予了与石榴相关的许多益处。安石榴甙是非常有效的抗氧化剂,它们可以代谢成其本身具有抗氧化能力(尽管较少)的其他化合物(鞣花酸,尿石素)。安石榴甙的这种大的抗氧化价值大约是红葡萄酒和绿茶的三倍。安石榴甙的代谢产物(鞣花酸和尿石素),具有很多健康益处,但它们的抗氧化能力与绿茶和红葡萄酒相当,如果不是更弱点的话。
银杏叶(Gb)具有抗氧化和血管活性以及临床益处。几个世纪以来,Gb叶提取物已用于传统中医以治疗循环系统疾病、哮喘、耳鸣、眩晕和认知问题。Gb提取物主要含有萜类化合物、黄酮醇糖苷和原花青素。这三组中最普遍的是黄酮醇糖苷(槲皮素,儿茶素)。萜类化合物包括银杏内酯和白果内酯,它们代表Gb的独特成分。萜类化合物、类黄酮和原花青素被认为是Gb的药理学性质的原因。来自Gb叶的提取物抑制血小板活化因子并增强血管中的NO产生,随后影响外周和脑血流。Gb提取物被认为是模块化不同的神经递质系统:它是单胺氧化酶A以及是突触体对DA、5-HT和去甲肾上腺素的摄取的强抑制剂。另外,Gb显示出自由基清除活性并且具有神经保护和抗细胞凋亡特性,例如抑制淀粉样蛋白-β神经毒性和保护免受缺氧挑战和增加的氧化应激。
绿茶是由野茶树L植物的叶子制成,富含多酚儿茶素和咖啡因。绿茶为各种疾病提供健康益处,包括预防癌症和心血管疾病、抗炎、抗关节炎、抗菌、抗血管生成、抗氧化、抗病毒、神经保护和降低胆固醇的作用。绿茶的健康促进作用主要归因于其多酚含量,特别是黄烷醇和黄酮醇,其占鲜叶干重的30%。最近,许多上述绿茶的有益效果归因于其最丰富的儿茶素,(-)-表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯(EGCG)。由于提取物中存在其他抗氧化成分,绿茶提取物比纯表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(绿茶的主要成分之一)更稳定。
大蒜在健康保护食品中排名很高,主要是因为其抗氧化硫化合物。然而,新鲜大蒜不适合所有人;它可能导致消化不良,其气味可能是妨碍社交。然而,大蒜的健康益处不依赖于新鲜度或刺激性。科学研究表明,与新鲜或其他形式的大蒜制剂相比,无味且富含抗氧化剂的老化大蒜提取物(AGE)在提高免疫力和预防心血管疾病、癌症、衰老和药物毒性方面更有效。
白藜芦醇(3,5,4'-三羟基均二苯乙烯)是植物来源的多酚。它是一种抗氧化剂,已在体外显示为对自由基的有效清除。发现白藜芦醇诱导抗氧化酶,包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、硫氧还蛋白、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶-1、血红素加氧酶-1和过氧化氢酶,和/或抑制通过烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)氧化酶类(NOX)的活性氧(ROS)产物。已经证明它具有许多生物学功能,可以用于预防和/或治疗癌症、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病。
辅酶Q10,也称为泛醌,是一种在人体内制造的抗氧化剂。CoQ10是基本细胞功能所必需的。这种类似维生素的脂溶性物质存在于大多数真核细胞中,主要存在于线粒体中。辅酶Q10水平随着年龄的增长而降低,在患有癌症、某些遗传疾病、糖尿病、心脏病、艾滋病毒/艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)、肌肉营养不良和帕金森病的人群中可能较低。
槲皮素是一种在许多水果、蔬菜、叶子和谷物中发现的黄酮醇。它具有抗氧化和抗炎作用。
芦丁,也称为芸香苷,槲皮素-3-O-芸香苷和槐糖苷,是黄酮醇槲皮素和二糖芸香糖(α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→6))-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖)之间的糖苷。芦丁是一种柑橘类黄酮糖苷。它是一种具有抗炎和镇痛活性的抗氧化剂。
番茄红素是一种鲜红色的胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素色素和发现于番茄和其他红色水果和蔬菜(如红胡萝卜、西瓜、gac和木瓜)中的植物化学物质。抗氧化剂,番茄红素确实表现出具有单线态氧几乎是β-胡萝卜素的两倍的物理猝灭速率常数。
谷胱甘肽(GSH)是植物、动物、真菌以及一些细菌和古细菌中的重要抗氧化剂。GSH能够防止由如自由基的活性氧、过氧化物、脂质过氧化物和重金属引起的重要细胞组分的损害。它是在谷氨酸侧链的羧基与半胱氨酸的胺基之间具有γ肽键的三肽,并且半胱氨酸的羧基通过正常的肽键连接到甘氨酸上。
硫醇基团是还原剂,在动物细胞中以约5mM的浓度存在。谷胱甘肽通过充当电子供体而将细胞质蛋白质内形成的二硫键还原为半胱氨酸。在此过程中,谷胱甘肽转化为其氧化形式,谷胱甘肽二硫化物(GSSG),也称为L-(–)-谷胱甘肽。一旦被氧化,谷胱甘肽可以通过谷胱甘肽还原酶使用NADPH作为电子供体来还原。细胞内还原谷胱甘肽与氧化型谷胱甘肽的比例通常用作细胞氧化应激的量度。
N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)是L-半胱氨酸的前药,其用于在谷胱甘肽通常被耗尽时允许产生更多的谷胱甘肽。通过谷胱甘肽缓冲,NAC提供抗氧化作用和其他好处。
端粒酶活化组合物
在一个实施例中,端粒酶活化组合物能够刺激端粒酶活性。端粒酶是一种物种特异性核糖核蛋白,其催化寡核苷酸重复序列(端粒)添加到染色体DNAS的末端,以补偿每轮DNA复制发生的损失。与肿瘤细胞和某些干细胞相比,体细胞具有很少或没有端粒酶活性,并且当至少一些染色体的端粒末端已经缩短至临界长度时停止分裂,导致程序性细胞衰老(细胞死亡)。因此,预期端粒体活性的增加会抑制细胞死亡,并促进细胞增殖。
在一个实施例中,端粒酶活化组合物包括黄芪、其提取物或分离物。黄芪(膜荚黄芪或蒙古黄芪)已在中国传统医学中使用了数千年,用于支持和增强免疫系统。草药含有多糖、皂苷、黄酮类、蒽醌类、生物碱类、β-谷甾醇、氨基酸和微量元素。研究表明,黄芪中的HDTIC化合物有两种异构体,4-羟基-5-羟甲基-[1,3]二氧戊环-2,6'-螺旋5’,6’,7’,8’-四氢-中氮茚-3'-甲醛(HDTIC)-1和HDTIC-2,通过减弱氧化应激和增加DNA修复能力减缓端粒缩短。此外,环黄芪醇(CAG),来自膜荚黄芪提取物的黄芪甲苷的糖苷配基,以及黄芪甲苷IV已被证明可刺激人新生儿角质形成细胞中的端粒酶活性和细胞增殖。
膜荚黄芪、蒙古黄芪和扁茎黄芪主要用于民间医学,由于它们的抗炎、免疫刺激、抗氧化、抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗衰老、心脏保护、肝保护、神经元保护、抗病毒等特性。上述作用的活性成分为多糖、皂苷和黄酮类化合物。
草药组分可包括整个草药或其任何部分(包括茎、叶、根、果实或花)的粉末、或整个草药或其任何部分的提取物或分离物。提取物可以是亲水提取物或亲油提取物。亲水性提取物可以是通过用亲水性溶剂提取的提取物,亲水性溶剂包括但不限于水、醇、丙酮或其组合。疏水性提取物可以是通过用疏水性溶剂提取的提取物,疏水性溶剂包括但不限于醚、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷或其组合。
维生素组合物
在一些实施例中,维生素组合物可包括脂溶性维生素。示例脂溶性维生素包括维生素A、维生素D、维生素E和维生素K及其组合。在一些实施例中,维生素组合物可包括水溶性维生素,例如维生素C(抗坏血酸)、B族维生素和胆碱。
在一些实施例中,组合物包括维生素B1、维生素B3、维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素或其组合。
B族维生素是一类水溶性维生素,在细胞新陈代谢中起重要作用。在一些实施例中,组合物包括维生素组合物。在一些实施例中,维生素组合物包括叶酸、B6和B12。括维生素B组合物。在一个实施例中,维生素B组合物包括硫胺素(B1)、核黄素(B2)、烟酸(B3)、泛酸(B5)、吡哆醇(B6)、生物素(B7)、叶酸(B9)、钴胺素(B12)及其衍生物或组合。烟酸、维生素B2、维生素B6和维生素B12。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,营养保健组合物包括至少300mcg、400mcg、450mcg或500mcg的叶酸,至少3mg、4.5mg、5.5mg、6.5mg的B1,至少3mg、5mg、6mg或7mg的B2,至少12mg、15mg、16mg、18mg或20mg的烟酰胺,至少4mg、6mg、7mg、8mg、10mg的B6,至少15mcg、20mcg、30mcg、50mcg、1mg、2mg、4mg、5mg或6mg的B12,至少30mcg、40mcg、50mcg、80mcg或1mg的生物素、或至少7mg、10mg、12mg、15mg或20mg的泛酸。
维生素D是指一组脂溶性的类固醇,负责增加钙、铁、镁、磷酸盐和锌的肠道吸收。在人类中,该组中最重要的化合物是维生素D3(也称为胆钙化醇)和维生素D2(麦角钙化醇)。很少有食物含有维生素D;维生素D(特别是胆钙化醇)在皮肤中的合成是维生素的主要天然来源。由胆固醇皮肤合成维生素D取决于日晒(特别是UVB辐射)。摄入足够的维生素D可降低应激性骨折,全身炎症、传染病和肌肉功能受损等疾病的风险。在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,组合物包括至少400IU、600IU、800IU、1000IU、1200IU、1500IU或2000IU的维生素D。
维生素A对于生长和发育、维持免疫系统和良好视力非常重要。视网膜需要视黄醛形式的维生素A,它与蛋白质视蛋白结合形成视紫红质,低光(暗视觉)和色觉所必需的光吸收分子。维生素A还起到非常不同的作用,如维甲酸(一种不可逆的氧化形式的视黄醇),它是上皮细胞和其他细胞的重要激素样生长因子。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,营养保健组合物包括至少500IU、800IU、1000IU、1500IU、2000IU、2500IU或3000IU的维生素A。
维生素C是酶促反应中的辅助因子,酶促反应包括几种胶原合成反应,当功能失调时,会引起坏血病的最严重症状。在动物中,这些反应在伤口愈合和防止毛细血管出血方面尤为重要。抗坏血酸还可以作为抗氧化剂,防止氧化应激。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,营养保健组合物包括至少10mg、20mg、40mg、60mg、100mg、500mg、800mg、1000mg或1500mg的维生素C。
维生素E是指包括生育酚和生育三烯酚的一组化合物。作为脂溶性抗氧化剂,它可以阻止脂肪经历氧化时形成的活性氧的产生。在一些实施例中,每日剂量,营养保健组合物包括至少10IU、20IU、30IU、40IU、50IU或100IU的维生素E。
维生素K是一组结构相似的脂溶性维生素,人体需要完全合成某些蛋白质,这些蛋白质是人体控制骨骼和其他组织中钙结合所需的血液凝固的先决条件。蛋白质的维生素K相关修饰允许它们结合钙离子,否则它们做不到。没有维生素K,血液凝固严重受损,并且发生不受控制的出血。低水平的维生素K也会削弱骨骼,促进动脉和其他软组织的钙化。在化学上,维生素K族包括2-甲基-1,4-萘醌(3-)衍生物。维生素K包括两种天然维生素:维生素K1和维生素K2。反过来,维生素K2包括许多相关的化学亚型,具有由类异戊二烯原子团组成的不同长度的碳侧链。在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,营养保健组合物包括至少10mcg、15mcg、20mcg、30mcg、40mcg、50mcg的维生素K。
β-胡萝卜素是胡萝卜素的成员,胡萝卜素是萜类化合物(类异戊二烯),由八个异戊二烯单元生物化学合成,因此具有40个碳。β-胡萝卜素是β-胡萝卜素15,15'-单加氧酶活化的维生素A的前体(无活性形式)。β-胡萝卜素用于减少运动引起的哮喘症状;预防某些癌症、心脏病、白内障和年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD);治疗艾滋病(AIDS)、酗酒、阿尔茨海默病、抑郁症、癫痫、头痛、胃灼热、高血压、不孕症、帕金森病、类风湿性关节炎、精神分裂症和皮肤病(包括牛皮癣和白癜风)。
叶黄素被称为类胡萝卜素维生素。它与β-胡萝卜素和维生素A有关。叶黄素建议被动物用作抗氧化剂和用于蓝光吸收。
矿物质组合物
在一个实施例中,矿物质组合物可包括钾、铬酸钾、镁和硒。在一个实施例中,矿物质组合物可包括钠、镁、铬、碘、铁、锰、钙、铜、氟、钾、磷、钼、硒、锌及其组合的离子。矿物质可以是盐或螯合物的形式。
吡啶甲酸铬:吡啶甲酸铬(III)(CrPic3)是衍生自铬(III)和吡啶甲酸的亮红色配位化合物。在正常健康状况下,胰岛素对葡萄糖的利用需要少量的铬。已经鉴定铬通过增加胰岛素受体的敏感性来调节胰岛素。
硒是一种微量元素。它是二十多种硒蛋白的成分,它们在生殖、甲状腺激素代谢、DNA合成以及防护氧化损伤和感染中起着关键作用,并且因此对人类来说是营养必需的。
镁包括在来自脂肪酸氧化、收缩后肌肉松弛和骨再矿化的三磷酸腺苷(ATP)产物中。它还包括在磷脂酰甘油(DPG)产物中,这对红细胞的形成很重要。ATP存在于所有细胞中但特别是存在于肌细胞中,以存储能量。运动员通过汗液和尿液失去镁。在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,组合物包括至少400mg、500mg或800mg的镁。
硒对于抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(SeGPx)的生产至关重要,硒是一种由谷氨酰胺、半胱氨酸和甘氨酸组成的自由基清除三肽。它集中在胃肠道和肺部的内层以及存在于肝脏和骨骼肌中。减少肌肉SeGPx增加长时间运动引起的细胞损伤,支持自由基引起的肌肉损伤导致肌肉疲劳的理论。此外,硒有益于运动员的免疫功能,并有助于修复细胞损伤。在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,该组合物包括至少150mcg、200mcg或250mcg的硒。
锌有助于术后组织修复和食物转化为燃料。锌化合物的实施例包括吡啶甲酸锌和单羟基硫酸锌。在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,组合物包括至少25mg、30mg、50mg、60mg或70mg的锌。
在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,组合物包括至少800mg、1000mg、1200mg或1500mg的钙。在一些实施例中,对于每日剂量,组合物包括至少10mg、15mg、20mg或30mg的铁。
在另一个实施例中,组合物可以进一步包括神经兴奋剂组合物。在一个实施例中,组合物可进一步包括能量组合物。在一些实施例中,营养保健组合物分可进一步包括添加剂,包括但不限于甜味剂、食品酸、调味剂、着色剂、感官剂、清新剂、益生菌、益生元、膨胀剂、湿润剂、增塑剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、乳化剂和增稠剂。
神经兴奋剂组合物
营养保健品组合物可包神经兴奋剂组合物。兴奋剂组合物可包括但不限于咖啡因,咖啡、瓜拉那、可乐果、马黛(巴拉圭冬青)、甘草、麻黄(ephedra sinica或ma-huang)、辛弗林(柑橘枳实)、绿茶(野茶树)、或其提取物或分离物。
纤维和益生元
该组合物可进一步包括纤维或益生元。在一个实施例中,纤维的含量可以为所述组合物的重量的从约0.001%至80%,可选的从0.001%至5%,可选的从5%至10%,可选的从10%至15%,可选的从15%至40%,可选的从40%至60%,可选的从60%至80%。可以使用任何合适的纤维。在一个实施例中,使用天然衍生的纤维,包括选自以下物质的一种或多种:天然衍生的菊粉、菊粉提取物、合成菊粉、菊粉的水解产物(通常称为低聚果糖)、低聚半乳糖、低聚木糖、淀粉的低聚糖衍生物、壳、麸皮、车前草、多糖、淀粉、聚碳酸酯、木质素、阿拉伯半乳糖、壳聚糖、燕麦纤维、可溶性玉米纤维、不易消化的玉米糊精、不易消化的小麦糊精、槐豆胶和槐豆胶的衍生物、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、果胶及其混合物中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中,纤维可包括菊粉、小麦糊精或低聚果糖。菊粉、小麦糊精和低聚果糖也可以作为增稠剂并改善组合物的质地。可以将各种负荷率的膳食纤维掺入组合物中以产生改善的质地,并且在某些负荷率下可以提供膳食益处,包括促进健康的消化系统、控制血糖水平和提供益生菌益处。膳食纤维与其余成分的添加允许添加水,其有助于在调味的耐嚼或胶粘糖果中置换糖。
菊粉是被设计用于消化淀粉的人类唾液淀粉酶和淀粉酶难以消化的。因此,菊粉完整地通过大部分消化系统。菊粉是一种高效的益生元,可刺激肠内有益益生菌的生长。菊粉用于低脂肪产品,因为它能够为产品提供奶油般光滑的质地。菊粉是一种膳食纤维,据信可以激活消化道中的有益细菌。这些细菌的活化被认为可以降低肠癌的风险。菊粉具有温和的甜味,但不影响血糖水平,建议用于糖尿病患者。临床证明菊粉可以增加钙的吸收。因为菊粉可以改善人体的摄取,当添加菊粉时现在乳制品中固有的钙是这种骨骼建筑矿物质的更好来源。人们使用含有菊粉的植物来帮助缓解糖尿病,这是一种以高血糖和/或高胰岛素血症为特征的疾病。实施例可提供带有菊粉作为纤维成分和钙补充剂的调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果。由于其组合物中的菊粉,这种调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果将具有改善的钙吸收。钙是大多数人饮食中最缺乏的矿物质之一,根据本文提供的指南生产的产品可以提供美味的调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果,可以帮助消费者通过食用我们的产品在他们的饮食中获得更多的钙。
在一些实施例中,组合物可以进一步包括益生菌。示例的益生菌包括但不限于产生微生物的乳酸,例如凝固剂芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、红孢杆菌、乳酸杆菌、菊糖芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、弯曲乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、延森乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌、酸乳杆菌、戊糖花梗、尿酸花梗,肠系膜明串珠菌、凝固剂芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、侧孢芽孢杆菌、左旋乳酸芽孢杆菌、菊糖芽孢杆菌及其混合物。呼吸清新剂也有以下商标名:Retsyn,.TM.Actizol,.TM和Nutrazin..TM。Stapler等人的美国专利第5,300,305号以及在美国专利申请公开号第2003/0215417号和第2004/0081713号中也包括了臭味控制组合物的示例,其全部内容引用于此作为参考以用于所有目的。
甜味剂
一般而言,可使用有效量的甜味剂来提供所需的甜味度,且该量可随所选甜味剂而变化。在一些实施例中,根据所用的甜味剂或甜味剂组合,甜味剂的量可以为组合物重量的从约0.001%到约3%。本领域技术人员可选择每种甜味剂的量的确切范围。
甜味剂可包括一种或多种单糖或双糖。实施例包括糖、蔗糖、转化糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、蜂蜜、麦芽糖浆、麦芽糖浆固体、麦芽糖、果糖、颗粒状果糖、枫糖糖浆、米浆、米浆固体、高粱糖浆、精制糖浆、玉米糖浆、玉米糖浆固体、高果糖玉米糖浆、糖浆或其组合。
在一个实施例中,甜味剂包括普通糖(例如蔗糖和葡萄糖)、多元醇(例如麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇和异麦芽糖醇)、糖浆甜味剂(例如葡萄糖浆、玉米糖浆、高果糖玉米糖浆)和果汁浓缩物。
甜味剂的含量范围可以为基于该组合物的总重量的从20%至60%、从40%至80%,或者从50%至70%。在一个实施例中,该组合物含有从约30%至约80wt%或约45wt%的葡萄糖糖浆。葡萄糖糖浆可与从约0至约25wt%或约19wt%的水组合。在一个实施例中,该组合物可含有从约0至约50wt%或约30wt%的普通糖。在一个实施例中,蔗糖与玉米糖浆固体的重量比将在从约1:2至约2:1或从约2:3至3:2的范围内。蔗糖可以以任何合适的物理形式使用,以达到配料要求。通常,蔗糖是颗粒状的,并且玉米糖浆最好作为DE大于42的液体添加,例如63DE。较高的DE值将降低造粒的趋势并有助于保持柔软。
在一个实施例中,可使用人工甜味剂,例如安赛蜜K、阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖、d-塔格糖、纽甜、莫纳丁和乙酰磺胺钾(Ace-K)或其组合。
所包括的甜味剂可选自各种材料,包括水溶性甜味剂、水溶性人工甜味剂、衍生自天然水溶性甜味剂的水溶性甜味剂、基于二肽的甜味剂和基于蛋白质的甜味剂,包括其混合物。在不限于特定甜味剂的情况下,代表性类别和示例包括:
(a)水溶性甜味剂,如二氢查尔酮、莫奈林、甜菊糖、罗汉果、罗汉果衍生物、甘草甜素、二氢黄酮醇和糖醇(如山梨醇、甘露醇、麦芽糖醇、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇)和L-氨基二甲酸氨基烯烃酸酯酰胺类(如美国专利第4619834号中公开的那些,其全部内容结合与此作为参考),及其混合物;
(b)水溶性人工甜味剂,如可溶性糖精盐,即钠或钙糖精盐、环磺酸素盐、3,4-二氢-6-甲基-1,2,3-氧杂噻嗪-4-酮-2,2-二氧化物的钠盐、铵盐或钙盐,3,4-二氢-6-甲基-1,2,3-氧杂噻嗪-4-酮-2,2-二氧化物的钾盐(乙酰舒泛-K)、糖精的游离酸形式,及其混合物;
(c)基于二肽的甜味剂,例如L-天冬氨酸衍生的甜味剂,例如L-天冬氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸甲酯(阿斯巴甜),N-[N-(3,3-二甲基丁基)-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯丙氨酸1-甲基酯(新甜)和美国专利第3,492,131号中所述的材料,L-α-天冬氨酰-N-(2,2,4,4-四甲基-3-噻吩基)-D-丙氨酸酰胺水合物(阿力甜),L-天冬氨酰-L-苯基甘油和L-天冬氨酰-L-2,5-二氢苯基-甘氨酸的甲基酯,L-天冬氨酰-2,5-二氢-L-苯基丙氨酸;L-天冬氨酰-L-(1-环己烯)-丙氨酸及其混合物;
(d)衍生自天然水溶性甜味剂的水溶性甜味剂,例如普通糖的氯化衍生物(蔗糖),例如氯脱氧糖衍生物,例如氯脱氧蔗糖或氯脱氧半乳糖蔗糖的衍生物,已知的例如三氯蔗糖的产品名称;氯脱氧蔗糖和氯脱氧半乳糖蔗糖衍生物的示例包括但不限于:1-氯-1'-脱氧蔗糖;4-氯-4-脱氧-α-D-半乳糖基-α-D-呋喃苷或4-氯-4-脱氧半乳糖蔗糖;4-氯-4-脱氧-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-1-氯-1-脱氧-β-D-呋喃苷或4,1'-二氯-4,1'-二脱氧半乳糖蔗糖;1',6'-二氯1',6'-二脱氧蔗糖;4-氯-4-脱氧-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-1,6-二氯-1,6-二脱氧-β-D-呋喃果糖苷或4,1',6'-三氯-4,1',6'-三脱氧半乳糖蔗糖;4,6-二氯-4,6-二脱氧-4,6-二脱氧-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-6-氯-6-脱氧-6-β-D-呋喃果糖苷或4,6,6'-三氯-4,6,6'-三脱氧半乳糖蔗糖;6,1',6'-三氯-6,1',6'-三脱氧蔗糖;4,6-二氯-4,6-二脱氧-α-D-半乳糖-吡喃-1,6-二氯-1,6-二脱氧-β-D-呋喃果糖苷或4,6,1',6'-四氯-4,6,1',6'-四脱氧半乳糖蔗糖;和4,6,1',6'-四脱氧蔗糖,及其混合物;
(e)基于蛋白质的甜味剂,如奇异果(奇异果甜蛋白I和II)和踝蛋白;以及
(f)甜味剂莫那甜(2-羟基-2-(吲哚-3-亚甲基)-4-氨基戊二酸)及其衍生物。
所述强甜味剂可以许多不同的独特的物理形式使用,所述物理形式在本领域内众所周知,以提供最初的一阵甜味和/或延长的甜味感觉。在不受限制的情况下,这种物理形式包括游离形式、喷雾干燥形式、粉末形式、珠状形式、封装形式及其混合物。在一个实施例中,甜味剂是高强度甜味剂,例如阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖和乙酰磺胺酸钾(例如,Ace-K或安赛蜜-K)。
在一些实施例中,甜味剂可以是多元醇。多元醇可包括但不限于甘油、山梨醇、麦芽糖醇、麦芽糖醇糖浆、甘露醇、异麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、氢化淀粉水解产物、聚甘露醇糖浆、聚甘露醇粉末、乳糖醇及其组合。
一般而言,可使用有效量之强甜味剂来提供所需之甜味度,且该量可随所选甜味剂而变化。根据所用甜味剂或甜味剂的组合,所述强甜味剂的含量可以为组合物重量的从约0.001%到约3%。本领域技术人员可选择每种甜味剂的确切量范围。
食品酸
该成分的pH值约为3至约5,约为3.7至约4。可通过食品酸、缓冲剂或两者调节pH值。
适宜食品酸包括但不限于乙酸、己二酸、抗坏血酸、丁酸、柠檬酸、甲酸、富马酸、乙醇酸、乳酸、磷酸、苹果酸、草酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸或其组合。
合适的缓冲剂包括但不限于柠檬酸钠和柠檬酸钾。例如,1.33%的浓度为54%柠檬酸溶液,用柠檬酸钠缓冲。
酸的量按重量计通常为约0.5%至约2%,例如约1.25%。较高的酸(较低的pH)导致缺乏结构,而较低的酸水平不能在风味特征中提供足够的“酸咬”。
调味剂
在一些实施例中,组合物可进一步包括调味剂。调味剂可包括本领域技术人员已知的那些调味剂,例如天然和人造调味剂。这些调味剂可选自合成香料油和调味芳香剂和/或油,衍生自植物、叶子、花、果实等的油树脂和提取物,及其组合。
在一些实施例中,调味剂可包括薄荷、薄荷醇、薄荷酮、异薄荷酮、樟脑和桉树醇、桉树醇、樟脑、冰片、茴香酮、薄荷酮和异薄荷酮、异胡薄荷醇、琥珀酸单甲基酯和乳酸薄荷酯、薄荷酮、异薄荷酮、冰片、茴香酮、桉树脑、杜卡利托醇(ducalyptol)、苯甲酸乙酯、新薄荷、d-茴香酮、呋喃甲酸丁酯、布枯碎片、鼠尾草油、玉米薄荷油、迷迭香、琥珀酸单甲基酯、水杨酸戊酯、丁香酚、黄柏烯、糠酸丙酯、乙基-3-羟基丁酸酯、戊酸己酯、丙酸茴香酯、丁酸安赛酯、二氢香芹醇或鼠尾草。
非限制性代表性调味油包括留兰香油、肉桂油、冬青油(水杨酸甲酯)、薄荷油、日本薄荷油、丁香油、月桂油、茴香油、桉树油、百里香油、雪松叶油、肉豆蔻油、甜胡椒、鼠尾草油、苦杏仁油和肉桂油。还有一些有用的调味品是人造的、天然的和合成的如香草的水果调料,和包括柠檬、橙子、酸橙、葡萄柚、yazu、酢橘的柑橘类油,以及包括苹果、梨、桃、葡萄、蓝莓、草莓、覆盆子、樱桃、李子、菠萝、杏子、香蕉、甜瓜、杏子、梅花、樱桃、覆盆子、黑莓,热带水果、芒果、山竹、石榴、木瓜等的水果精华。其他其释放性能可以管理的潜在调味品包括牛奶调味品、黄油调味品、奶酪调味品、奶油调味品和酸奶调味品;香草调味品;茶或咖啡调味品,例如绿茶调味品、乌龙茶调味品、茶调味品、可可调味品、巧克力调味品和咖啡调味品;薄荷调味品,例如欧薄荷调味品、绿薄荷调味品和日本薄荷调味品;辛辣调味品,如阿魏胶调味品、印度藏茴香调味品、大茴香调味品、当归调味品、茴香调味品、甜胡椒调味品、肉桂调味品、甘菊调味品、芥末调味品、小豆蔻调味品、香菜调味品、孜然调味品、丁香调味品、胡椒调味品、胡荽调味品、黄樟调味品、香薄荷调味品、花椒调味品、紫苏调味品、杜松子调味品、姜调味品、八角调味品、辣根调味品、百里香调味品、龙蒿调味品、莳萝调味品、辣椒调味品、肉豆蔻调味品、罗勒调味品、马郁兰调味品、迷迭香调味品、月桂叶调味品和芥末调味品;酒精调味品,如葡萄酒调味品、威士忌调味品、白兰地调味品、朗姆酒调味品、杜松子酒调味品和利口酒调味品;花香调味品;蔬菜调味品,如洋葱调味品、大蒜调味品、卷心菜调味品、胡萝卜调味品、芹菜调味品、蘑菇调味品和番茄调味品。这些调味剂可以以液体或固体形式使用,可以单独使用或混合使用。常用的调味品包括薄荷、薄荷、留兰香、人造香草、肉桂衍生物和各种水果调味品,无论是单独使用还是混合使用。调味品还可以提供呼吸清新特性,尤其是与下面描述的冷却剂结合使用时的薄荷调料。在一些实施例中,调味剂可以选自香叶醇、芳樟醇、橙花醇、橙花醛、香茅醇、天芥菜精、甲基环戊烯、乙基香草醛、麦芽醇、乙基麦芽醇、呋喃醇、大蒜化合物、例如苯乙醇的玫瑰型化合物、苯乙酸、橙花醇、芳樟酯、茉莉花、檀香、广藿香和/或雪松。
在一些实施例中,可使用包括醛和酯的其他调味剂,例如乙酸肉桂酯、肉桂醛、柠檬醛二乙缩醛、乙酸二氢肉桂醛、甲酸正庚基酯、对甲基氨醇等。一般来说,任何调味剂或食品添加剂,如国家科学院出版的《食品加工用化学品》第63-258页1274号出版物中所述的调味剂或食品添加剂,都可以使用。本出版物以引用方式并入本文中。这些可能包括天然和合成调味品。
醛调味剂的其他实施例包括但不限于乙醛(苹果)、苯甲醛(樱桃、杏仁)、茴香醛(甘草、茴香)、肉桂醛(肉桂)、柠檬醛即α-柠檬醛(柠檬、石灰)、橙醛即β-柠檬醛(柠檬、石灰)、癸醛(橙、柠檬)、乙基香兰素(香草、奶油)、天芥菜即胡椒醛(香草、奶油)、香兰素(香草、奶油)、α-戊基肉桂醛(辛辣果调味品)、丁醛(黄油、奶酪)、戊醛(黄油、奶酪)、香茅醛(修饰剂,多种类型)、癸醛(柑橘类水果)、醛C-8(柑橘类水果)、醛C-9(柑橘类水果)、醛C-12(柑橘类水果)、2-乙基丁醛(浆果)、己烯醛即反式-2(浆果)、甲苯醛(樱桃、杏仁)、藜芦醛(香草)、2,6-二甲基-5-庚醛(例如瓜类(甜瓜))、2,6-二甲基辛醛(绿色水果)和2-十二烯醛(柑橘、柑橘)、樱桃、葡萄、蓝莓、黑莓、草莓酥饼及其混合物。
在一些实施例中,调味剂在提供可感知的感官体验的水平上使用,即在阈值水平或高于阈值水平。在其他实施例中,调味剂的使用水平低于其阈值水平,这样它们就不会提供独立的可感知的感官体验。在亚临界水平下,调味剂可提供辅助效益,如风味增强或强化。
在一些实施例中,调味剂可以液体形式和/或干燥形式使用。当采用后一种形式时,可以使用例如喷雾干燥液体的合适的干燥方式。或者,调味剂可以被吸收到水溶性材料上,如纤维素、淀粉、糖、麦芽糊精、阿拉伯树胶等,也可以被封装。在其他实施例中,调味剂可以吸附到硅、沸石等上。
在一些实施例中,调味剂可以以许多不同的物理形式使用。在不受限制的情况下,这种物理形式包括游离形式,例如喷雾干燥、粉末状、珠状形式、封装形式和它们的混合物。
调味品的封装和其他附加成分的说明可在本文提供的示例中找到。通常,成分的封装将导致在包括所述封装成分的组合物(例如,作为输送系统的一部分,输送系统作为成分添加至咀嚼组合物)的使用期间,成分的主要量的释放延迟。在一些实施例中,可通过管理成分的各种特征、含有成分的输送系统和/或含有输送系统的组合物和/或如何制造输送系统能管理成分(例如,香料、甜味剂等)的释放曲线。例如,特征可包括以下一种或多种:输送系统的拉伸强度、成分的水溶性、封装材料的水溶性、输送系统的水溶性、输送系统中成分与封装材料的比率、成分的平均或最大粒径、地面输送系统的平均或最大粒径、组合物中成分或输送系统的量、用于封装一种或多种成分的不同聚合物的比例、用于封装一种或多种成分的一种或多种聚合物的疏水性、输送系统的疏水性、输送系统上的包衣的类型和量、在成分被封装之前成分上的包衣的类型或量等。
感官剂
在一些实施例中,该组合物还包括感官剂。感官剂可包括冷却剂、增温剂、刺痛剂、起泡剂及其组合。可使用各种冷却剂。例如,在有用的冷却剂中包括木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、葡萄糖、山梨醇、薄荷烷、薄荷酮、缩酮、薄荷缩酮、薄荷糖甘油酮、取代的对薄荷糖、无环酰胺、戊二酸单薄荷酯、取代的环己酰胺、取代的环己烷酰胺、取代的脲类和磺胺类、取代的薄荷醇、对薄荷烷的羟甲基和羟甲基衍生物、2-巯基-环-癸酮、2-6个碳原子的羟基羧酸、环己酰胺、乙酸薄荷酯、水杨酸薄荷酯、N,2,3-三甲基-2-异丙基丁酰胺(WS-23)、N-乙基-对-薄荷烷-3-甲酰胺(WS-3)、异丙醇、3-(1-薄荷氧基)丙烷-1,2-二醇、3-(1-人乙氧基)-2-甲基丙烷-1,2-二醇,对-甲基-2,3-二醇,对-3,8-二醇,6-异丙基-9-甲基-1,4-二氧硅[4,5]癸-2-甲醇,琥珀酸薄荷酯及其碱土金属盐,三甲基环己醇,N-乙基-2-异丙基-5-甲基环己酰胺,日本薄荷油,薄荷油,3-(1-薄荷氧基)乙-1-醇,3-(1-薄荷氧基)丙-1-醇,3-(1-薄荷氧基)丁-1-醇,1-薄荷乙酸N-乙酰胺,1-薄荷-4-羟基戊酸酯,1-薄荷-3-羟基丁酸酯,N,2,3-三甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)-丁酰胺,N-乙基-t-2-c-6壬二酰胺(n-ethyl-t-2-c-6nonadienamide),N,N-二甲基薄荷基琥珀酰胺,取代的对薄荷烷,取代的对薄荷酰胺,2-异丙醇-5-甲基环己醇(来自Hisamitsu phArmaceuticals,以下简称“异丙醇”);薄荷酮甘油缩酮(FEMA 3807,商品名FRESCOLAT.RTM.型号MGA);3-1-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇(来自Takasago,FEMA 3784);和乳酸薄荷酯(来自Haarman&Reimer,FEMA 3748,商品名FRESCOLAT.RTM.型号ML)、WS-30、WS-14、桉树提取物(对甲基-3,8-二醇)、薄荷醇(其天然或合成衍生物)、薄荷醇PG碳酸酯、薄荷醇EG碳酸酯、薄荷醇甘油醚、N-叔丁基-对-薄荷醇-3-甲酰胺、对甲基-3-羧酸甘油酯、甲基-2-异丙基-双环(2.2.1)、庚烷-2-甲酰胺和薄荷醇甲醚,以及薄荷吡咯烷酮羧酸盐等。这些和其他合适的冷却剂在以下美国专利中作了进一步的描述:美国专利第4230688号、第4032661号、第4459425号、第4136163号、第5266592号、第6627233号,其全部内容结合与此作为参考。
在一些实施例中,加热成分可以从已知的各种化合物中选择,以向用户提供加热的感官信号。这些化合物提供温暖的知觉,特别是在口腔中,并经常加强对香料、甜味剂和其他感官成分的感知。在一些实施例中,有用的加热化合物可包括由日本东京高砂香水有限公司提供的香叶醇正丁基醚(TK-1000)、香叶醇正丙基醚、香叶醇异丙基醚、香叶醇异丁醚、香草醇正氨基醚、香叶醇异戊醚、香叶醇正己基醚、香叶醇甲醚、香叶醇乙醚、姜辣素、姜烯酚、姜酮酚、姜油酮、辣椒素、二氢辣椒素、去甲氢辣椒素、高辣椒素、高二氢辣椒素、乙醇、异丙醇、异戊醇、苯甲醇、甘油及其组合。
在一些实施例中,可以提供刺痛感。一种这样的刺痛感是通过在一些例子中加入果酱、油树脂或花菊素而获得的。在一些实施例中,可包括从诸如阎浮树或花椒麻素等材料中提取的烷基酰胺。此外,在一些实施例中,由于冒泡而产生感觉。这种冒泡是由碱性物质和酸性物质结合而产生的。在一些实施例中,碱性材料可包括碱金属碳酸盐、碱金属碳酸氢盐、碱土金属碳酸盐、碱土金属碳酸氢盐及其混合物。在一些实施例中,酸性材料可包括乙酸、己二酸、抗坏血酸、丁酸、柠檬酸、甲酸、富马酸、乙醇酸、乳酸、磷酸、苹果酸、草酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸及其组合。在中可以找到“刺痛”型感官的实施例可以在美国专利第6780443号中发现,其全部内容结合于此作为参考以用于所有目的。
感官剂也可称作“三叉神经兴奋剂”,例如美国专利申请第205/0202118号中公开的那些,其以引用方式并入本文中。三叉神经兴奋剂定义为一种口服产品或刺激三叉神经的药物。作为三叉神经兴奋剂的冷却剂的实施例包括薄荷醇、WS-3、N-取代对薄荷甲酰胺、包括WS-23的无环甲酰胺、琥珀酸甲酯、薄荷糖甘油酮、散装甜味剂(诸如木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、葡萄糖和山梨醇)及其组合。三叉神经兴奋剂也可包括调味品、刺痛剂、果酱提取物、例如香草基正丁基醚的香草基烷基醚、花菊素、松果菊提取物、北方花椒提取物、辣椒素、辣椒油树脂、红辣椒油树脂、黑胡椒油树脂、胡椒碱、姜油树脂、姜辣素、沙瓜醇(shoagol)、肉桂油树脂、决明子油树脂、肉桂醛、丁香酚、香草醛和薄荷醇甘油醚的环状缩醛、不饱和酰胺及其组合。
在一些实施例中,调味剂在提供可感知的感官体验的水平上使用,即在阈值水平或高于阈值水平。在其他实施例中,调味剂的使用水平低于其阈值水平,这样它们就不会提供独立的可感知的感官体验。在亚临界水平下,调味剂可提供辅助效益,如风味增强或强化。
清新剂
在一些实施例中,所述组合物还包括清新剂。清新剂可包括精油以及各种醛类、醇类和类似材料。在一些实施例中,精油可以包括绿薄荷油、薄荷油、冬青油、黄樟油、叶绿素油、柠檬醛油、香叶醇油、小豆蔻油、丁香油、鼠尾草油、香樟油、桉树油、小豆蔻油、木兰树皮提取物油、马郁兰油、肉桂油、柠檬油、酸橙油、葡萄柚油和橙子油。在一些实施例中,可以使用醛,例如肉桂醛和水杨醛。此外,如薄荷醇、香芹酮、异甘草醇和茴香脑的化学物质可以作为呼吸清新剂。其中,最常用的是薄荷油、留兰香油和叶绿素油。
除精油和从其衍生的化学品外,在一些实施例中,清新剂可包括但不限于柠檬酸锌、乙酸锌、氟化锌、硫酸锌铵、溴化锌、碘化锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌、氟硅酸锌、葡萄糖酸锌、酒石酸锌、琥珀酸锌、甲酸锌、铬酸锌、苯酚磺酸锌、连二硫酸锌、硫酸锌、硝酸银、水杨酸锌、甘油磷酸锌、硝酸铜、叶绿素、叶绿素铜、叶绿酸、氢化棉籽油、二氧化氯、β环糊精、沸石、二氧化硅基材料、碳基于材料、酶如漆酶、及其组合。
着色剂
着色剂可以以有效产生所需颜色的量使用。着色剂可包括颜料,其加入量可高达组合物重量的约6%。例如,二氧化钛的加入量可高达组合物重量的约2%,以及优选低于约1%。着色剂还可包括天然食用色素和适用于食品、药物和化妆品应用的染料。这些着色剂被称为F.D.&C.染料和色淀。适用于上述用途的材料优选是水溶性的。说明性的非限制性实施例包括称为F.D.&C.蓝2号的靛类染料,其是5,5-靛蓝二磺酸的二钠盐。类似地,称为FD&C.绿1号的染料包括三苯甲烷染料,并且是4-[4-(N-乙基-对锍苄基氨基)二苯基亚甲基]-[1-(N-乙基-N-对p)-锍基苄基)-δ-2,5-环己二烯亚胺]的单钠盐。所有F.D.&C.着色剂及它们相应化学结构的完整叙述可参见Kirk-Othmer化学技术百科全书(Kirk-OthmerEncyclopedia of Chemical Technology),第3版,第5卷,第857-884页,该文献通过引用结合到本文中。
在一些实施例中,可以包括一种或多种颜色。根据《美国食品、药品和化妆品法》(21C.F.R.73)的分类,颜色可以包括免于认证的颜色(有时称为天然的,即使可以人工合成)和认证颜色(有时称为人造色)或其组合。在一些实施例中,免于认证或天然颜色可包括但不限于胭脂树提取物(E160b)、胭脂素、降胭脂树素、虾青素、脱水甜菜(甜菜粉)、甜菜根红/甜菜苷(E162)、群青蓝、角黄素(E161g)、隐黄质(E161c)、玉红黄素(E161d)、堇菜黄素(E161e)、紫杉紫树(E161f)、焦糖(E150(a-d))、β-阿朴-8'-胡萝卜醛(E160e)、β-胡萝卜素(E160a)、α胡萝卜素、γ-胡萝卜素、β-阿朴-8胡萝卜素乙酯(E160f)、毛莨黄素(E161a)、叶黄素(E161b)、胭脂虫提取物(E120);胭脂红(E132)、红色酸性染料/偶氮玉红(E122)、叶绿素铜钠(E141)、叶绿素(E140)、烤部分脱脂棉籽粉、葡萄糖酸亚铁、乳酸亚铁、葡萄色提取物、葡萄皮提取物(葡萄花青素)、花青素(E163)、红球藻、合成氧化铁、氧化铁和氢氧化铁(E172)、果汁、蔬菜汁、干海藻粉、万寿菊(阿兹特克万寿菊)粉和提取物、胡萝卜油、玉米胚乳油、辣椒粉、辣椒油树脂、红酵母菌、核黄素(E101)、藏红花、二氧化钛、姜黄(E100)、姜黄油树脂、苋菜红(E123)、辣椒红/辣椒素(E160c)、番茄红素(E160d)及其组合。
在一些实施例中,经认证的颜色可包括但不限于FD&C蓝色#1、FD&C蓝色#2、FD&C绿色#3、FD&C红色#3、FD&C红色#40、FD&C黄色#5和FD&C黄色#6、柠檬黄(E102)、喹啉黄(E104)、夕阳黄(E110)、胭脂红(E124)、赤藓红(E127)、专利蓝V(E131)、二氧化钛(E171)、铝(E173)、银(E174)、金(E175)、颜料宝石红/立索尔宝红BK(E180)、碳酸钙(E170)、炭黑(E153)、黑色PN/亮黑色BN(E151)、绿色S/酸性亮绿色BS(E142),以及它们的组合它们。在一些实施例中,经认证的颜色可包括FD&C铝湖。这些包括延伸在不溶于氧化铝水合物基质上的FD&C染料的铝盐。另外,在一些实施例中,认证的颜色可以作为钙盐包括在内。
在一些实施例中,天然水果或植物汁或提取物可用作着色剂。示例包括但不限于胡萝卜汁、覆盆子汁、黑莓汁、蓝莓汁和甜菜汁。
增塑剂
在一些实施例中,组合物可进一步包括增塑剂以改良制剂的质地。质地改良剂可包括颗粒材料。合适的颗粒材料可包括但不限于蔗糖,多元醇如山梨糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、半乳糖醇、乳糖醇、麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇,氢化淀粉水解产物及其混合物,淀粉,蛋白质及其组合。在一些实施例中,用作质地改良成分的颗粒材料基于其在糖部分中结晶糖的能力或缺乏结晶能力来选择。例如,当糖类部分中包括异麦芽酮糖醇时,可以将山梨糖醇粉末加入到组合物中,因为它不会使异麦芽酮糖醇结晶。或者,当糖部分中包括赤藓糖醇时,可以将赤藓糖醇粉末加入到组合物中,因为它会使赤藓糖醇结晶。这些颗粒的含量可为组合物的5%至35%w/w。
脂肪和油
在一些实施例中,质地改良成分可包括脂肪、油或其他疏水性材料。合适的脂肪可包括但不限于部分氢化的植物或动物脂肪,例如椰子油、玉米油、棕榈仁油、花生油、大豆油、芝麻油、棉籽油、可可脂、乳脂、牛奶油、牛油,猪油等。合适的疏水材料包括巧克力、巧克力碎屑、角豆包衣和化合物包衣。这些脂肪、油和/或疏水材料的含量可为组合物的1%至10%w/w。
在一些实施例中,质地改良成分的感官知觉类似于脂肪、油或其他疏水材料的感官知觉。例如,包括2.5%脂肪或油的组合物可以提供与包括10%-50%脂肪的组合物相同的口感,如感官评估技术所测量的。可用于组合物中的合适的油和脂肪包括植物或动物脂肪,例如黄油、椰子油、棕榈仁油、牛油和猪油等。当使用时,这些成分的含量可高达组合物重量的约7%,或高达约3.5%。
在一些实施例中,所述组合物可包括食用油成分,其含量为组合物重量的从约1%至约30%、可选的从1%至5%、可选的从5%至10%、可选的从10%至15%、可选的从15%至20%、可选的从20%至25%、可选的从25%至30%。在一些实施例中,食用油成分的含量可以为组合物的重量的从约0%至约30%、可选的从0%至1%、可选的从1%至5%、可选的从5%至10%、可选的从10%至15%、可选的从15%至20%、可选的从20%至25%、可选的从25%至30%。这种食用油成分构成调节味道、质地的这组成分的部分,并改善调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果的融化和口感。例如,在一些实施例中,该组高度不饱和油与椰子油成分的相互作用可在调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果糖食中产生改善的弹性,其作用类似于氢化或部分氢化的脂肪。食用油成分还改善了调味耐嚼糖食组合物的健康特性,因为它添加了单不饱和脂肪和多不饱和脂肪。食用油成分的实施例是双低油菜籽、大豆油和向日葵油的共混物。
可用于优选实施例的食用油成分的非限制性实施例包括具有低饱和脂肪含量和高不饱和脂肪的那些,包括单不饱和脂肪油,尤其是多不饱和油。食用油成分应该没有特定的风味,并且优选基本上是温和的或有点黄油的味道。食用油成分可选自以下物质:菜籽油、大豆油、红花油、葵花籽油、芝麻油、核桃油、橄榄油、亚麻籽油、奇亚籽油、杏仁油、玉米油、葡萄籽油、花生油、其他坚果油,以及合成或重组油及其组合。
在一些实施例中,食用油成分可具有高水平的饱和脂肪,其存在量为组合物的重量的从约0.3%至约20%、可选的从0.3%至3%、可选的从3%至5%、可选的从5%至10%、可选的从10%至15%、可选的从15%至20%。具有高水平饱和脂肪的合适的油包括但不限于选自由椰子油、棕榈油、分馏椰子油或棕榈油、部分氢化椰子油或棕榈油、完全氢化椰子油或棕榈油,或任何其他合成或改变的食用油包括部分氢化油和完全氢化的油(其具有高度饱和或高度不饱和的脂肪酸,当氢化变成类似于椰子油的稠度的固体,包括部分氢化大豆油、棉籽油、棕榈油仁油或这些食用油的组合)组成的组的一种或多种。在一个实施例中,食用油成分包括椰子油。该油成分形成风味特征的一部分并为调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果提供质地,并且它改善组合物的味道、质地、融化和口感。调味成分的共混物提供了好的味道、质地、融化和口感,而不需要使用部分氢化或完全氢化的油。可以使用任何中热处理的椰子油。
润湿剂
甘油是润湿剂和冰点降低剂。它还有助于降低造粒倾向并有助于保持柔软性。在一些实施例中,甘油或等同物质的用量可以为最终产物重量的约从1%至约5%,例如从2%至3%。
可以包括可以提供口腔水合感的润湿剂。这些润湿剂可包括但不限于甘油、山梨糖醇、聚乙二醇、赤藓糖醇和木糖醇。另外,在一些实施例中,脂肪可提供口腔润湿的感觉。此类脂肪可包括中链甘油三酯、植物油、鱼油、矿物油及其组合。
膨胀剂
适宜的糖膨胀剂包括单糖、双糖和多糖,例如木糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖(葡萄糖)、乳糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、果糖(果糖)、蔗糖(糖)、麦芽糖、转化糖、部分水解淀粉和玉米糖浆固体及其混合物。
合适的糖醇膨胀剂包括山梨糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、半乳糖醇、乳糖醇、麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇及其混合物。合适的氢化淀粉水解产物包括美国专美国专利第4,279,931号公开的那些和各种氢化葡萄糖糖浆和/或含有山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、氢化二糖、氢化高级多糖或其混合物的粉末。氢化淀粉水解产物主要通过玉米糖浆的受控催化氢化制备。所得的氢化淀粉水解产物是单体、二聚和聚合糖的混合物。这些不同糖的比例给予不同的氢化淀粉水解产物不同的性质。氢化淀粉水解产物的混合物也是有用的,例如由Roquette Freres of France制造的市售产品LYCASIN.RTM和由SPI Polyols,Inc.of NewCastle,Del.制造的市售产品HYSTAR.RTM.。
乳化剂
该组合物可包括乳化剂。乳化剂的含量可以为组合物重量的从约0.001%至约5%、可选的从0.001%至1%、可选的从1%至3%、可选的从3%至5%的量存在。在一些实施例中,乳化剂的含量为组合物重量的从约0%至约5%、可选的从0.001%至1%、可选的从1%至3%、可选的从3%至5%。
示例性乳化剂包括但不限于改性玉米淀粉、甘油单酯和甘油二酯以及卵磷脂。
乳化剂可有助于将脂肪和水以及其他成分一起保持在均匀的组合物中。在一个实施例中,乳化剂可有助于形成“水和油”乳液,其产生成品的光滑质地。
防腐剂
防腐剂可以是天然的或合成的。合适的防腐剂的非限制性实施例包括:苯甲酸钠、柠檬酸钠、磷酸钠、偏亚硫酸氢钾、偏亚硫酸氢钠、乳酸钠、亚硫酸钠、EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、TBHQ、生育酚及其混合物。天然防腐剂可包括酚类(酚酸、多酚、单宁)、异黄酮、有机酸(醋酸、乳酸、柠檬酸)和草本提取物(如柑橘类水果、牛至、百里香、鼠尾草、迷迭香、丁香、芫荽、大蒜和洋葱的提取物)。
在一些实施例中,组合物可包括组合物的重量的至少从约0%至2%的上述防腐剂成分或其混合物。
液体
液体可用于辅助产品的调味和质地特征。在一些实施例中,组合物可包括组合物的重量的从约0.001%至约25%重量的水果或蔬菜或者果汁或浓缩物成分的组合,可选的从0.001%至5%、可选的从5%至10%、可选的从10%至15%、可选的从15%至20%、可选的从20%至25%。水果或蔬菜或者果汁或浓缩物成分的组合为调味耐嚼或胶粘糖果增加了风味。来自以下的任何合适的来源可以用于实施例中;柑橘类果汁、木本果树果汁、浆果果汁、葡萄果汁、脱色果汁和蔬菜汁可以用于该成分。这些形式可以来自果汁或水果或蔬菜浓缩物。
在一些实施例中,组合物还可包括含量为约0%或更高的水成分。水成分增加了调味的耐嚼或胶粘组合物的整体质地和融化和咀嚼性。例如因为一些示例性组合物的粘度增加,可以使用水。在一些实施例中,组合物可含有组合物重量的从约1%至约20%,可选的从1%至5%,可选的从5%至10%,可选的从10%至15%,可选的从15%至20%的水。
增稠剂
该组合物可进一步包括增稠剂以有助于最终产品的粘度。一些增稠剂是凝胶剂。其他用作具有离散颗粒粘附或互锁的机械触变添加剂以抵抗应变。
在一些实施例中,增稠剂可以是多糖或蛋白质。实施例多糖增稠剂包括淀粉、植物胶和果胶。基于淀粉的增稠剂的实施例包括葛粉、玉米淀粉、片木薯淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、西米、木薯淀粉及其淀粉衍生物。基于植物胶的增稠剂的实施例可包括褐藻胶、瓜尔胶、刺槐豆胶和黄原胶。基于蛋白质的增稠剂的实施例包括胶原蛋白、蛋清、红藻胶和明胶。糖基增稠剂可包括琼脂和角叉菜胶。
凝胶成分
凝胶化合物可包括一种或多种凝胶剂。可使用许多凝胶剂,包括但不限于明胶、果胶、阿拉伯胶、角叉菜胶、琼脂、高甲氧基果胶、海藻酸盐、黄原胶、刺槐豆胶、结冷胶、瓜尔胶、改性或未改性淀粉、纤维素胶、改性淀粉小麦粉或强化小麦粉、漂白面粉或任何天然来源的面粉,或其组合。其他示例性凝胶剂可包括阿拉伯胶、海藻酸、膨润土、(现称卡波姆)、羧甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、明胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、硅酸铝镁甲基纤维素、泊洛沙姆聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠和黄蓍胶。
在该组合物中使用的凝胶剂的量取决于所需产品以及组合物中其他成分的质地、粘度和柔软度。在一些实施例中,可以以从约0.5%到约10%、从约0.1%到约7%或从约0.2到约15%的浓度使用凝胶剂。
在一个实施例中,可以以至少50%的明胶和至少10%的果胶的重量比供应来使用明胶和果胶,例如,约70%至85%的明胶和其余是果胶。
在一个实施例中,果胶可以是从苹果获得的高甲氧基果胶。在一个实施例中,明胶可以是来自猪源的A型明胶。明胶的起霜值可以在100至280的范围内。在一个实施例中,起霜值为约250。
在一个实施例中,明胶和果胶的组合可以以最终产品重量的从约4.5至约6%的水平使用,例如,基于此的约5.5%。
在一个实施例中,组合物可包括结冷胶、角叉菜胶或两者,提供不含明胶的组合物。在一个实施例中,基于组合物的总重量,组合物可包括从约0.25%至约0.75%重量的结冷胶和从约2%至约3%重量的角叉菜胶。
在一个实施例中,基于产品的总重量,从约0.25%至约0.75%重量的结冷胶和从约2.5%至约3%的角叉菜胶的组合产生具有超过20磅(f)的TPA硬度值以及75%至80%的TPA的粘结性和弹性值的胶粘组合物。
在一个实施例中,结冷胶的量为从约0.25wt%至约0.75wt%,和从约0.25wt%至约0.5wt%。在一个实施例中,角叉菜胶的量为从约1.5wt%至约3wt%,和从约2.5wt%至约3wt%。
纹理轮廓分析(TPA)
纹理轮廓分析(TPA)用于表征凝胶或胶粘产品的纹理方面。具体而言,TPA粘结性是产品回弹性的量度,TPA弹性是弹性的量度,TPA硬度是硬度的量度。例如,明凝胶胶往往具有高回弹性和高弹性,以及相对高的坚固性。
明胶基胶粘成分的TPA粘结性和TPA弹性值在从80%到90%之间,TPA硬度值在25到30磅(f)之间。市场上常见的明胶替代品,如淀粉和果胶,通常具有适当的TPA硬度,但从30%到50%的较低的TPA弹性值,从15%到30%的较低的TPA粘结性值。结冷胶生产的产品具有可接受的TPA硬度,TPA弹性在从50%至70%范围,TPA粘结性在从30%至50%的范围。作为明胶替代品的角叉菜胶已经生产的产品具有75%和更高的TPA粘结性和弹性值,但是具有不可接受的在从10至15磅(f)范围内的TPA硬度值。
以下是几种明胶基胶粘产品的典型TPA分析:
产品 | TPA硬度磅(f) | TPA弹性% | TPA粘结性% |
A | 30+-3 | 86+-1 | 82+-3 |
B | 25+-2 | 91+-1 | 86+3 |
C | 28+-2 | 90+-2 | 81+-1 |
D | 28+-3 | 89+-3 | 83+-3 |
营养保健产品套件
在另一方面,本申请提供了营养保健产品套件。套件可包括若干包装在一起的产品
在一个实施例中,营养保健产品套件可包括:包括神经保护组合物的第一产品、包括抗炎组合物的第二产品、包括心血管保护组合物的第三产品,和包括抗氧化组合物的第四产品。
在一个实施例中,营养保健产品套件可以进一步包括第五产品,其包括端粒酶组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健产品套件可进一步包括第六产品,其包括维生素组合物。在一个实施例中,营养保健品产品套件可进一步包括第七产品,其包括矿物质组合物。
套件中的每种产品可以是选自胶粘物、凝胶剂、片剂、胶囊剂、软咀嚼剂、粉末剂或其组合的形式。在一个实施例中,多个胶粘产品可以包装在一个盒子或小袋中以提供每日包装。在一个实施例中,多个片剂可以包装在一个盒子或小袋中以提供每日包装。
制作方法
加工通常从制备混合糖的煮沸的混合物开始,然后将其与凝胶成分共混并通过沉积到淀粉模具中加工成形状。它也可以简单地抛到板坯上或浇铸到橡胶模具中。然后将这些块固定并干燥。有关此类过程的一般描述,请参阅Lees和Jackson,糖果和巧克力制造,1973年(ISBN 0249 44120 9),第226-268页。其全部内容结合于此作为参考。
该方法可以进一步包括最终加工过程,其中制备最终产品。该过程可包括例如挤出、热成型、模塑、成型、切割等,以形成所需形状的最终产品。本领域技术人员能够设计合适的最终加工程序以制备最终的凝胶或胶粘产品,这取决于所需的质地(例如,耐嚼或胶粘性)和形状(例如,立方体、正方形、片材、动物形状等)。
现在将参考下面的非限制性实施例更详细地描述实施例。
实施例
提供以下实施例以说明根据本发明的软糖的制备,并且这些实施例是以举例说明的方式提供的,并不旨在以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1:营养保健软糖组合物
成份:蔗糖、麦芽糖、麦芽糖糊精、山梨糖醇、葡萄糖糖浆、L-亮氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-缬氨酸、水、山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、明胶、营养保健预混物和糖果苹果绿色调味品
营养保健预混物包括
·神经保护剂,包括褪黑激素、乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸或人参(西伯利亚)提取物;
·抗炎剂,包括乙酰水杨酸、姜黄素或姜根提取物;
·心血管保护剂,包括DHA和EPA;和
·抗氧化剂,包括生物类黄酮、石榴提取物、银杏、绿茶提取物、大蒜提取物、白藜芦醇、辅酶Q10、维生素C、维生素E、槲皮素、芦丁、番茄红素、L-谷胱甘肽(GSH)或N-乙酰半胱氨酸。
使用叉子将明胶、山梨糖醇、营养保健预混物、山梨酸钾和苯甲酸钠一起搅拌直至均匀。在快速搅拌下将干燥组分混合物迅速加入水中。干混合物迅速吸收水分,变成亮黄色的橡胶状物质。将橡胶状物质加入容器中并在160°F下加热直至无泡沫和澄清的黄色。
在单独的容器中,将水、葡萄糖浆、麦芽糖、麦芽糖糊精混合并煮沸。加入蔗糖。将溶液升至200°F并在搅拌下缓慢加入明胶溶液。搅拌混合物直至均匀。然后加入调味品。然后将溶液加入硅胶模具中,将模具置于冰箱中90分钟。
实施例2:营养保健产品套件
营养保健产品套件,包括胶粘产品,其成分如下:
·神经保护胶粘物,包括褪黑激素、乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸或人参(西伯利亚)提取物;
·抗炎胶粘物,包括乙酰水杨酸、姜黄素、姜根提取物;
·心血管保护胶粘物,包括DHA和EPA;
·抗氧化胶粘物,包括生物类黄酮、石榴提取物、银杏叶、绿茶提取物、大蒜提取物、白藜芦醇、辅酶Q10、维生素C、维生素E、槲皮素、芦丁、番茄红素、L-谷胱甘肽(GSH)或N-乙酰半胱氨酸;
·维生素胶粘物,包括维生素B1、维生素B3、维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸,维生素C、维生素D、维生素E和维生素A;
·矿物质胶粘物,包括钾、吡啶甲酸铬、镁、硒和锌;或
·端粒酶活化胶粘物,包括黄芪提取物。
具体实施方式中引用的所有文献的相关部分均引入本文作为参考;任何文献的引用不应被解释为承认它是关于本申请的现有技术。如果本书面文件中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文件中的术语的任何含义或定义相冲突,则以本书面文件中赋予该术语的含义或定义为准。
虽然已经说明和描述了本申请的特定实施例,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下,可以进行各种其他改变和修改。因此,旨在在所附权利要求中覆盖在本申请范围内的所有这些改变和修改。
Claims (25)
1.一种营养保健组合物,包括:
神经保护组合物,
抗炎组合物,
心血管保护组合物,
抗氧化组合物,和
足量的凝胶组合物,以提供粘性凝胶化产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,还包括端粒酶活化组合物、线粒体增强组合物、神经兴奋剂组合物、维生素组合物和氨基酸组合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述神经保护组合物包括褪黑激素、乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸、人参、其提取物或分离物或其组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述抗炎组合物包括乙酰水杨酸、生物类黄酮、ω-3脂肪酸、白柳、姜黄素、姜黄、藏红花、姜、乳香、洋甘菊、甘草、山金车、金缕梅、紫锥菊、来自菠萝的菠萝蛋白酶、蓍草、橡树皮、核桃叶、胡芦巴、芦荟、金盏花、辣椒素、锦葵、野生三色堇、其提取物、其粉末或其组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述心血管保护组合物包括DHA、EPA、ALA、ω-3脂肪酸、鱼肝油、鱼油、海藻油、亚麻籽油或其组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述抗氧化剂组合物包括生物类黄酮、石榴、银杏、绿茶、大蒜、葡萄籽、维生素E、维生素C、白藜芦醇、辅酶Q10、槲皮素、芦丁、番茄红素、L-谷胱甘肽、N-乙酰半胱氨酸、酚类、花青素、类黄酮、蒽、类胡萝卜素、玉米黄质、虾青素、黑莓、接骨木、蔓越莓、蓝莓、藏红花、格拉多的血液(血竭)、学园枸杞(枸杞)、其提取物、粉末或分离物。
7.根据权利要求2所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述端粒酶活化组合物包括黄芪、其提取物或其分离物、黄芪甲苷、黄芪醇、环黄芪醇或其衍生物。
8.根据权利要求2所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述线粒体增强组合物包括乙酰左旋肉碱、α-硫辛酸、辅酶Q10(辅酶Q10或泛醌)、喜来芝提取物或粉末、烟酰胺核糖核苷(NR)、维生素B维生素D、ω-3脂肪酸、镁、D-核糖或衍生物或其组合。
9.根据权利要求2所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述神经兴奋剂组合物包括咖啡因或草药提取物,所述草药提取物包括咖啡因或其衍生物。
10.根据权利要求2所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述氨基酸组合物包括至少一种必需氨基酸或其衍生物。
11.根据权利要求2所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述维生素组合物包括维生素A、维生素B、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K或其组合。
12.根据权利要求11所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述维生素组合物包括维生素B1(硫胺素)、维生素B2(核黄素)、烟酸(B3)、维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸、泛酸、生物素或其衍生物。
13.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述凝胶组合物包括明胶、驴皮明胶、淀粉、果胶、结冷胶、阿拉伯树胶、角叉菜胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、藻酸盐、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶或其衍生物。
14.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述凝胶组合物包括比例为从约10:1至约1:1的果胶和明胶。
15.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述凝胶组合物包括水解胶原。
16.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,还包括选自甜味剂、食用酸、调味剂、着色剂、润湿剂、膨胀剂、脂肪酸、甘油三酯、增塑剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、防腐剂或/和其混合物的添加剂。
17.根据权利要求16所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述甜味剂包括赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、糖、葡萄糖浆、玉米糖浆、高果糖玉米糖浆、浓缩果汁、木薯糖浆、龙舌兰糖浆、糙米糖浆、高麦芽糖糖浆、转化糖、人造甜味剂、糖精、糖精盐、环己氨磺酸、环己氨磺酸盐、阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖、安赛蜜、莱鲍迪甙A、莱鲍迪甙B、莱鲍迪甙C、莱鲍迪甙D、莱鲍迪甙E、杜克甙A、杜克甙B、甜茶苷、甜菊、甜菊糖苷、罗汉果苷IV、罗汉果苷V、罗汉果甜味剂、赛门苷、莫纳甜及其盐(莫纳甜SS、RR、RS、SR)、仙茅甜蛋白、甘草酸及其盐、奇异果甜蛋白、莫奈林、马宾林、甜蛋白、赫尔南甘素(hernandulcin)、叶苷素、菝葜苷、根皮苷、三叶苷、白元参甙、欧亚水龙骨甜素、多足皂苷A、翼状蕨苷A、翼状蕨苷B、木库松苷、糙苏苷I、巴西甘草甜素I、相思子苷A、环珊瑚苷I、三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺钾和其他盐、阿斯巴甜、阿力甜、糖精、新橙皮苷二氢查尔酮、甜蜜素、纽甜、N-[N-[3-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)丙基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯丙氨酸1-甲酯、N-[N-[3-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-甲基丁基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯丙氨酸1-甲酯、N-[N-[3-(3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯基)丙基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯基-炔-1-甲酯、其盐、甘草或其提取物或分离物、或它们的混合物。
18.根据权利要求16所述的营养保健组合物,其中、所述食品酸包括苹果酸、富马酸、乳酸、酒石酸、葡糖酸-δ内酯、葡糖酸盐、磷酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、乙酸、柠檬酸或其组合。
19.根据权利要求16所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述调味剂包括香草、薄荷油、留兰香油、桉树油、肉桂油、葡萄柚油、薄荷醇、单薄荷醇琥珀酸酯、薄荷醇乙二醇碳酸酯、薄荷酮甘油缩酮、乳酸薄荷酯、(-)-异胡薄荷醇、对薄荷烷-3,8-二醇、(-)-戊二酸单薄荷酯、冬青油(水杨酸甲酯)、柑橘油、橙油、水果精华、迷迭香油、薰衣草油、鼠尾草油、香紫苏油、百里香油、檀香油、罗勒油、芫荽油、柏树油、飞蓬油、乳香油、老鹳草油、茴香油、牛至油、达尔马西亚鼠尾草油、龙蒿油,或其混合物或衍生物。
20.根据权利要求16所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述膨胀剂包括麦芽糖醇糖浆、聚葡萄糖、山梨糖醇、可溶性玉米纤维、抗性淀粉、抗性麦芽糖糊精、纤维素、半纤维素、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、乳果糖、低聚异麦芽寡糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚葡萄糖、水苏糖、低聚乳果糖或其组合。
21.根据权利要求1所述的营养保健组合物,其中,所述组合物的pH为从约3至约5。
22.一种营养保健产品套件,包括
第一产品,包括神经保护组合物,
第二产品,包括抗炎组合物,
第三产品,包括心血管保护组合物,和
第四产品,包括抗氧化剂组合物。
23.根据权利要求22所述的营养保健产品套件,还包括:含有端粒酶组合物的第五产品、含有维生素组合物的第六产品或含有矿物质组合物的第七产品。
24.根据权利要求22所述的营养保健产品套件,其中,每种产品的形式选自胶粘物、凝胶剂、片剂、胶囊剂、软咀嚼剂、粉末剂或其组合。
25.根据权利要求22所述的营养保健产品套件,其中,每种产品是胶粘产品。
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