CN109539314A - A kind of novel radial swirler with wave blade - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a novel radial swirler with wave blades. The combustion chamber swirler includes a plurality of blades, front and rear baffles of the swirler and a bullet-shaped center cone. The radial swirler has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and is suitable for matching with the air flow in the front of the combustion chamber. It is a sinusoidal waveform, which can effectively improve the swirl effect, so that the fuel gas and air are mixed more uniformly, and a better quality mixture is formed.

Description

A new type of radial swirler with wavy blades

technical field

The invention relates to a component of a gas turbine, in particular to a novel radial swirler with wave blades.

Background technique

In a gas turbine engine, the air is compressed by the compressor and mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber to generate a hot gas stream that flows downstream, and passes through the turbines of various stages that extract energy. The high-pressure turbine drives the compressor, and the low-pressure turbine drives the fan. For example, the upstream fan in a typical aviation turbofan gas turbine engine performs useful work. The performance of the combustion chamber is very important to the overall performance of the gas turbine engine. The compressed air is mixed with the fuel in the combustion chamber to become a mixture of fuel and air, and then ignited and burned to produce gas. The swirl flow in the combustion chamber of a gas turbine is used to stabilize the flame and promote the mixing of fuel and air. Therefore, the swirl flow is an essential part of the aerodynamics of the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine. There are two types of swirlers commonly used: axial swirler and radial swirler; the selection of swirler types mainly depends on the air flow in the combustion chamber. Axial-flow swirlers are more suitable for partial swirlers, and radial swirlers are more suitable for recirculation-type combustion chambers.

To judge the swirl intensity of the cyclone, it is generally defined by the swirl number. The larger the swirl number, the higher the swirl intensity, which means the stronger the fluid vortex. In the lean-burn premixed combustion chamber, the swirl number is particularly important, because if the swirl number is too small, the combustion recirculation zone cannot be formed, the flame is unstable, and the combustion is incomplete; however, when the swirl number is too large (Re>18000), There will be a phenomenon of vortex center entry in the downstream of the swirler, which will produce a strong vortex shedding phenomenon, accompanied by low-frequency and relatively high-amplitude pressure oscillations, which is the root cause of the premixed lean-burn combustion chamber prone to oscillation.

Typically, a gas turbine includes a combustor with a swirler, along with fuel nozzles (or swirl fuel nozzles) therein. Each swirler within the nozzle includes one or more passages for delivering the fuel-air mixture (or just air) to the combustion chamber. The swirler fuel nozzle is used to stabilize the flame and improve the mixing of fuel and air prior to ignition. The swirler includes a plurality of vanes extending from the nozzle and having an aerodynamic profile. The swirler vanes often include passages. for supplying fuel to the fuel holes on the surface of the swirler vanes. As the fuel exits the fuel holes, the fuel mixes with the fluid, usually air, flowing through the swirler vanes. Typically, swirler vanes have bends near the trailing edges of the swirler vanes, which can create flow separation in the swirler or downstream of the swirler, which increases flashback and flame holding possibility of occurrence. To solve these flow problems, a common method is to modify the blade profile. Each change requires a new casting process as well as casting machining.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a novel radial swirler with wave blades. The combustion chamber swirler includes a plurality of blades, front and rear baffles of the swirler, and a bullet-shaped center cone. The radial swirler has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and is suitable for matching with the airflow at the front of the combustion chamber. , The surface of the blade is corrugated with grooves, and the interior of the blade is provided with mutually separated cavities along the axial direction for transporting fuel. The tail is sinusoidal, which effectively improves the swirl effect.

Technical solutions

The object of the present invention is to provide a new type of radial swirler with corrugated vanes, allowing good fuel and air mixing (especially liquid fuel and air) and maximum possible uniform airflow, allowing the combustion chamber to swirl The airflow vortex generated by the flow device is more reliable and effective.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

In order to solve the technical problem, a novel radial swirler with wave blades of the present invention includes front and rear baffles, wave blades, and a bullet-shaped central cone.

The corrugated blade is characterized in that: the upper and lower planes of the blade are respectively connected with the front and rear baffles of the cyclone, the blade as a whole has a streamlined structure, the side wall is a corrugated surface and there are ravines, the leading edge of the blade is convex, and the trailing edge is a sinusoidal waveform, The blade is a hollow structure with two cavities (front cavity and rear cavity) separated from each other for fuel transportation. There is a row of nozzle holes inside and outside the front edge. The shape of the nozzle holes can be used in addition to the basic circular shape. Long slot, rectangular, polygonal, the blades are inclined at an angle of 30° along the radius axis of the circular surface, and the blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction relative to the central axis. There are 10 blades in total, with a central angle of 36°, and the leading edge and trailing edge are slightly smaller than the block The outer diameter and inner diameter of the plate are about 2mm to 4mm.

The bullet-shaped center cone is characterized in that: the diameter of the center cone cylinder is about one-third of the airflow outlet, the upper spout adopts a direct-shooting multi-outlet type, the diameter of the main spout at the center is about 0.1mm, and the side edges are along the circumferential direction. Evenly distribute two rows of auxiliary nozzles with a number of 10, with a diameter of about 0.05-0.08mm.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention is a new type of radial swirler with wave blades, wherein the wave blades have a gully-shaped surface through an overall streamlined design structure, so that when the airflow flows through the channel, the airflow through the leading edge of the blade receives less resistance and is distributed More uniform, improved airflow conditions, trailing edge sinusoidal waveform, with circumferential deflection in the airflow direction, so that the airflow is subjected to a certain force, and it is in the flow direction vortex area, which strengthens the local disturbance and enables the upstream fuel gas and air to mix It is more uniform, forming a better quality mixture; the interior of the blade is provided with mutually spaced cavities, namely the front cavity and the rear cavity, the cavities transport the mixed fuel gas, so that the fuel gas can fully reach the depth of the channel, and the front and rear cavities There are channels connected, and the fuel gas will be ejected from the nozzle at the leading edge, which lengthens the distance of oil and gas mixing and makes the oil and gas mixing more fully.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: schematic diagram of the radial cyclone structure of the present invention

Figure 2: Distribution map of radial swirler blades of the present invention

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the radial swirler blade structure of the present invention

In the figure: 1. Front baffle of cyclone, 2. Wave blade, 3. Center cone, 4. Back baffle of cyclone, 5. Front cavity of blade, 6. Back cavity of blade, 7. Nozzle on leading edge of blade , 8, the leading edge of the blade, 9, the trailing edge of the blade, 10, the central nozzle.

Detailed ways

Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be further described:

1, 2 and 3, the present invention provides: the present invention proposes a novel radial swirler with wave blades, which can effectively improve airflow distribution and oil-gas mixing, and generate stable and high-quality air-mixing and swirling. vortex. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the radial swirler of the present invention, the radial swirler front baffle (1), wave blades (2), central nozzle (3), rear baffle (4); Figure 2 is a radial swirler The distribution diagram of the swirler blades, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radial swirler blades, the structure of the wave blade can be clearly seen, the blade front cavity (5), the blade rear cavity (6), the blade leading edge nozzle (7) .

The front baffle (1) and the rear baffle (4) of the radial swirler are designed to allow the airflow to flow in in the radial direction and to return the airflow to the direction of the central axis after passing through the swirler blades. The swirler blade adopts wave blade (2), the blade is streamlined as a whole, and the leading edge is convex in the direction of the incoming flow, which is expected to generate vortices that rotate in opposite directions to maintain the air or air-fuel mixture. The flow of the cyclone improves the flame stability and reduces the pressure drop on the cyclone; there are oblique holes on the inside and outside of the leading edge. Rectangular and polygonal, all adopt oblique holes to eject the fuel to the oblique rear, and the fuel and air are initially mixed at the beginning of the cyclone. The situation of oil and gas mixing; the trailing edge sinusoidal waveform, and the circumferential deflection in the flow direction of the air flow, so that the air flow is subjected to a certain force in the flow direction, and is in the flow direction vortex area, which strengthens the local disturbance and can make the upstream fuel gas and air flow. The mixing is more uniform, and the mixture of better quality is formed; the interior of the blade is provided with mutually spaced cavities, which are respectively the front cavity and the rear cavity. The cavities are connected by channels, and the fuel gas will be ejected from the nozzle at the leading edge, which increases the distance of oil and gas mixing and makes the oil and gas mixing more fully.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of novel radial swirler with wave blade, including cyclone front apron, wave blade, bullet-shaped Center cone and cyclone rear baffle, characteristic be: wave blade up and down two planes respectively with cyclone front and rear baffle phase Even, integrally streamlined structure, side wall are corrugated surface there are gully to blade, and blade inlet edge has protrusion, and trailing edge is sinusoidal waveform, leaf Piece is hollow structure, is provided with two cavitys (ante-chamber and back cavity) being mutually mutually separated, is respectively provided with row's spray orifice inside and outside leading edge.

2. a kind of novel radial swirler with wave blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: baffle is Circular configuration for specification air-flow flow path and provides blade support.

3. a kind of novel radial swirler with wave blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on blade Lower two planes are connected with cyclone front and rear baffle respectively, and integrally streamlined structure, side wall are that there are gully, leaves for corrugated surface to blade Piece leading edge has protrusion, and trailing edge is sinusoidal waveform, and blade is hollow structure, be provided with mutually be mutually separated two cavitys (ante-chamber and after Chamber), it is used for fuel oil transportation, row's spray orifice is respectively provided with inside and outside leading edge, the shape of spray orifice can also be using length in addition to basic circle Slit, rectangle, polygon, blade is along 30 ° of slanted angle of disc radius axis, while blade opposing axial is along the circumferential direction It is uniformly distributed, totally 10 blades, is spaced 36 ° of central angle, leading edge and trailing edge are slightly less than baffle outer diameter and internal diameter about 2mm~4mm.

4. a kind of novel radial swirler with wave blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: center cone Approximate bullet shape, cylinder maximum gauge are about the one third of air stream outlet, and spout uses direct projection multiple exit formula thereon, in Main injection jet diameter about 0.1mm at the heart, side are distributed uniformly and circumferentially the subjet that two rows of quantity are 10, and diameter is about 0.05~0.08mm.