CN109539264B - Waste incineration equipment and waste incineration method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage incineration device and a garbage incineration method, which relate to the field of garbage disposal, and solve the problem that the spray gun of the existing garbage incineration device is easy to affect the atomization effect of the leachate when the pressure is unstable, and the leachate reflux affects the gas use of other users. The technical scheme is that the incineration device comprises an incinerator, a static rack, a collection box arranged below the static rack, a spray gun, a water pump arranged on the side of the collection box, a liquid inlet pipe, a main pipeline, a gas storage tank, and an air inlet pipe. The method comprises: a. garbage static; b. leachate static; c. garbage incineration; d. leachate injection; e. flue gas premixing; f. leachate recovery. By adding a gas storage tank between the main pipeline and the spray gun, pressure storage can be performed through the gas storage tank, so that the atomization effect of the leachate is good, and after the nozzle is blocked, the leachate can only flow into the gas storage tank, and will not flow into the main pipeline to affect other users.

Description

Waste incineration equipment and waste incineration method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of garbage disposal, and more specifically, to a garbage incineration device and a garbage incineration method.

Background technique

Incineration is the most widely used method of waste treatment. Incineration is to put the waste into the incinerator for burning, release heat energy, preheat it for recycling, and then provide heat or generate electricity. Compared with other waste treatment methods, it has great advantages. However, the flue gas generated during the incineration process contains a large amount of nitrogen oxides. In order to treat nitrogen oxides, urea solution or ammonia water is usually sprayed into the incinerator for control, which is collectively referred to as SNCR control method. However, the control effect of this control method is poor. In order to further reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides, many companies will increase the SCR system, but the construction cost of the SCR system is high and the operating cost is high. High; after research, it was found that the leachate generated during the garbage stacking process will be sprayed into the furnace, which has a significant effect on the control of nitrogen oxides. When the leachate is sprayed back, the atomization effect needs to be strictly controlled, so compressed air needs to be installed on the spray gun, and the compressed air main line is used to supply air to the spray gun. However, in the actual operation process, it can be found that the compressed air main line is connected to many users. When multiple users use gas together, the pressure of the compressed air will be unstable, which will affect the atomization effect of the leachate. When the nozzle of the leachate is blocked, it is easy for the leachate to flow into the air main line, affecting the use of compressed air by other users.

Summary of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste incineration equipment, which can store leachate under pressure by adding a gas tank between the main pipeline and the spray gun, so that the atomization effect of the leachate is good, and after the nozzle is blocked, the leachate can only flow into the gas tank, and will not flow into the main pipeline to affect other users.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a garbage incineration equipment, comprising an incinerator, a stationary frame arranged at one side of the incinerator, a collection box arranged below the stationary frame for collecting leachate flowing out of the garbage, a spray gun fixedly connected to the incinerator and having one end of a nozzle extending into the incinerator, a water pump arranged at the side of the collection box, a liquid inlet pipe having one end fixedly connected to the water pump and the other end fixedly connected to the end of the spray gun located outside the incinerator, and a main pipeline arranged at one side of the incinerator for introducing gas into the spray gun, a gas storage tank located between the main pipeline and the spray gun, and an air inlet pipe for connecting the gas storage tank to the spray gun;

A one-way valve is arranged at a position of the liquid inlet pipe close to the spray gun, which only allows the liquid to flow toward the spray gun.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the water pump transports the leachate to the spray gun, the gas in the main pipeline enters the spray gun through the gas storage tank, and the gas and the spray gun are sprayed into the incinerator from one end of the spray gun nozzle; the air pressure can be stored under the action of the gas storage tank, so that the atomization effect of the spray gun will not be affected by the gas use of other users, so that the atomization effect of the leachate is good, and after the nozzle is blocked, the leachate can only flow into the gas storage tank, and will not flow into the main pipeline to affect other users.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a still box is provided on one side of the bottom of the collecting box, and a liquid outlet pipe for discharging the leachate in the collecting box into the still box is fixedly connected to a position near the bottom of one side of the collecting box close to the still box; a water pump is fixedly connected to the side of the still box, and is used to pump the leachate that has been still in the still box into the spray gun.

By adopting the above technical solution, the residue in the leachate can be settled to the bottom of the standing box after the leachate is allowed to stand, reducing the content of residue in the leachate drawn into the spray gun, thereby reducing the clogging of the spray gun and reducing the leachate reflux caused by the clogging of the spray gun.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a recovery pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas storage tank, the other end of the recovery pipe is located at the top of the static box, and a valve switch is provided at one end of the recovery pipe close to the gas storage tank.

By adopting the above technical solution, the valve switch is opened, and the leachate flowing back to the gas storage tank flows into the static box through the recovery pipe, thereby preventing waste of the leachate and preventing excessive reflux of leachate from flowing into the main pipeline.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the liquid inlet pipe includes a heating pipe located in the incinerator and connecting pipes fixedly connected to both ends of the heating pipe and respectively fixedly connected to a water pump and a spray gun.

By adopting the above technical solution, the leachate is first heated by the incinerator when passing through the heating tube. After the heated leachate is sprayed out from the spray gun, it can be burned more quickly and can react more easily with the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.

The present invention is further configured such that: the heating tube is arranged in a spiral shape in the incinerator.

By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral arrangement of the heating tube can make the heating effect of the incinerator on the leachate in the heating tube more obvious.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a fan is fixedly connected to the top of the gas tank, an air inlet pipe connected to the gas tank is fixedly connected to the fan, the position where the air inlet pipe is connected to the gas tank is higher than the spray gun, the fan is also fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe fixedly connected to the gas tank, and a one-way valve that only allows gas to flow to the gas tank is provided on the air outlet pipe near the gas tank.

By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas is drawn into the gas storage tank by the action of the fan, and is sent into the spray gun along with the gas, mixed with the leachate in the spray gun in advance, and sprayed into the incinerator together with the leachate, so that the leachate and the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can react more fully.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of exhaust pipes evenly arranged around the incinerator are fixedly connected to a position on the outer wall of the incinerator above the spray gun; an annular pipe is arranged on the outside of the incinerator, and the annular pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe on the side away from the incinerator; the annular pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe on the side away from the gas storage tank.

By adopting the above technical solution, by providing a plurality of exhaust pipes and annular pipes, the smoke can be more fully drawn into the gas storage tank, so that the smoke can react more fully with the leachate.

The present invention is further configured such that one end of the spray head of the spray gun is located in the incinerator close to the axis of the incinerator.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the leachate and flue gas sprayed from the spray gun react in the middle position of the incinerator and are discharged through the top of the incinerator. The flue gas around the incinerator enters the gas storage tank through the exhaust pipe and the annular pipe, and then enters the incinerator through the spray gun to react, so that the flue gas can be treated more fully.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a waste incineration method. When the waste incineration method is used for waste incineration, after the nozzle is blocked, the leachate can only flow into the gas storage tank, and will not flow into the main pipeline to affect other users. The method comprises the following steps:

a. Garbage static setting: The collected garbage is placed on a static setting rack for static setting, and the leachate in the garbage flows into the collection box;

b. Leachate settling: The leachate flowing into the collection box flows into the settling box, and the leachate is settling during the garbage settling process;

c. Waste incineration: Put the garbage that has been left to stand into the incinerator for incineration;

d. Spraying leachate: After the incineration temperature stabilizes, the leachate is pumped into the spray gun through a water pump, and compressed air is sent into the spray gun through a gas storage tank through the main pipeline;

e. Flue gas premixing: Turn on the fan to draw the flue gas from the incinerator into the gas storage tank, and then mix it with the leachate in the spray gun along with the compressed air;

f. Leachate recovery: After the incineration is completed, the leachate in the gas storage tank is sent to the static box.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the water pump transports the leachate to the spray gun, the gas in the main pipeline enters the spray gun through the gas storage tank, and the gas and the spray gun are sprayed into the incinerator from one end of the spray gun nozzle; the air pressure can be stored under the action of the gas storage tank, so that the atomization effect of the spray gun will not be affected by the gas use of other users, so that the atomization effect of the leachate is good, and after the nozzle is blocked, the leachate can only flow into the gas storage tank, and will not flow into the main pipeline to affect other users.

In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

1. The present invention can store the leachate under pressure by arranging the gas storage tank and the recovery pipe, so that the atomization effect of the leachate is good, and after the nozzle is blocked, the leachate can only flow into the gas storage tank, and will not flow into the main pipeline to affect other users;

2. The present invention can mix the flue gas and the leachate in advance by arranging a fan, an exhaust pipe, an annular pipe, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, so that the leachate can react better with the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is an axonometric view of the complete structure of the embodiment;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a recovery tube according to an embodiment;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a heating tube according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust pipe according to an embodiment.

In the figure: 1. incinerator; 2. static rack; 3. collecting box; 31. liquid outlet pipe; 32. support block; 33. support rack; 4. static box; 41. water pump; 42. liquid inlet pipe; 421. heating pipe; 422. connecting pipe; 5. gas storage tank; 51. fan; 52. air inlet pipe; 521. annular pipe; 522. exhaust pipe; 53. air outlet pipe; 54. recovery pipe; 55. bracket; 56. air inlet pipe; 6. valve switch; 7. spray gun; 8. one-way valve; 9. main pipeline.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same parts are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

Embodiment 1: A garbage incineration equipment, see Figure 1, includes an incinerator 1, a support block 32 arranged on one side of the incinerator 1, a collecting box 3 fixedly connected to the top of the support block 32, a stationary frame 2 arranged on the top of the collecting box 3 for stationary garbage, a support frame 33 fixedly connected to the top of the collecting box 3 for supporting the stationary frame 2, a stationary box 4 arranged at the bottom of the collecting box 3 near the incinerator 1, a water pump 41 fixedly connected to the side of the stationary box 4 near the bottom, two spray guns 7 with one end of the nozzle fixedly connected to the incinerator 1 extending into the incinerator 1, a liquid inlet pipe 42 for connecting the water pump 41 with the two spray guns 7, a main pipeline 9 arranged on the side of the incinerator 1 away from the stationary box 4, a gas storage tank 5 arranged between the main pipeline 9 and the spray gun 7, and an air inlet pipe 56 arranged on the side of the gas storage tank 5 near the spray gun 7 for connecting the gas storage tank 5 with the two spray guns 7.

The garbage is placed on the static rack 2 for static placement, and the leachate in the garbage flows into the collection box 3. The collection box 3 is fixedly connected to a liquid outlet pipe 31 at a position near the bottom of the side of the static box 4. The other end of the liquid outlet pipe 31 relative to the static box 4 extends into the top of the static box 4, and a valve switch 6 is provided at one end of the liquid outlet pipe 31 located at the top of the static box 4. When the valve switch 6 is turned on, the leachate in the collection box 3 flows into the static box 4 through the liquid outlet pipe 31 for static placement. During the process, the residue in the leachate settles to the bottom of the static box 4 after being allowed to stand. The leachate after being allowed to stand enters the spray gun 7 through the liquid inlet pipe 42 under the action of the water pump 41. Then the main pipeline 9 passes high-pressure gas into the spray gun 7 through the gas storage tank 5 and the air inlet pipe 56. Under the action of the high-pressure gas, the leachate is sprayed out from the nozzle of the spray gun 7 in a mist form, burned in the incinerator 1, and reacts with the flue gas in the incinerator 1 to reduce the content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. By setting up the gas storage tank 5, the gas pressure can be stored, and the gas used by other users connected to the main pipeline 9 is reduced to affect the gas pressure in the spray gun 7. After the nozzle is blocked, the refluxed leachate will enter the gas storage tank 5, and will not enter other users through the main pipeline 9, affecting the normal use of other users.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a bracket 55 for supporting the gas tank 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas tank 5. A recovery pipe 54 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas tank 5. The other end of the recovery pipe 54 relative to the gas tank 5 extends into the top of the static box 4, and is used to send the leachate flowing back into the gas tank 5 into the static box 4 under the action of air pressure; a valve switch 6 is provided at the position of the recovery pipe 54 near the gas tank 5, and a valve switch 6 is also provided on the air inlet pipe 56; when the leachate is sprayed into the incinerator 1, the valve switch 6 on the recovery pipe 54 is closed, and the valve switch 6 on the air inlet pipe 56 is opened; when the leachate is recovered, the valve switch 6 on the recovery pipe 54 is opened, and the valve switch 6 on the air inlet pipe 56 is closed, and the leachate in the gas tank 5 flows into the static box 4 under the action of air pressure.

Referring to Figures 1 and 3, the liquid inlet pipe 42 includes a spirally arranged heating pipe 421 located in the incinerator 1 and connecting pipes 422 located at both ends of the heating pipe 421 and connected to the spray gun 7 and the air pump respectively. The leachate is heated in the incinerator 1 through the heating pipe 421, so that the temperature of the leachate is increased, and then enters the spray gun 7 and is sprayed out through the nozzle. After preheating, the leachate sprayed through the nozzle can react more quickly with the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas; the connecting pipe 422 connected to the spray gun 7 is provided with a one-way valve 8 that only allows the leachate to flow toward the spray gun 7.

Referring to Figures 2 and 4, a fan 51 is fixedly connected to the top of the gas tank 5, an air inlet pipe 52 connected to the inside of the incinerator 1 is fixedly connected to the fan 51, and an air outlet pipe 53 connected to the inside of the gas tank 5 is also fixedly connected to the fan 51. A one-way valve 8 is provided at the position of the air outlet pipe 53 near the gas tank 5 to only allow smoke to flow toward the gas tank 5. A plurality of exhaust pipes 522 evenly arranged around the incinerator 1 are fixedly connected to the position above the spray gun 7 on the outer wall of the incinerator 1, and an annular pipe 521 is provided on the outside of the incinerator 1. The annular pipe 521 is connected to the exhaust pipe 522 on the side away from the incinerator 1; the annular pipe 521 is connected to the air inlet pipe 52 on the side away from the gas tank 5. Under the action of the fan 51, the flue gas enters the grass gas storage tank 5 through the exhaust pipe 522, the annular pipe 521, the air inlet pipe 52 and the air outlet pipe 53, and then enters the spray gun 7 along the air inlet pipe 56, and finally is sprayed into the incinerator 1 through the spray gun 7. The flue gas and the leachate are mixed in the spray gun 7, so that the leachate and the flue gas can react more fully when they are sprayed into the incinerator 1. The end of the nozzle of the spray gun 7 extending into the incinerator 1 is close to the axis position of the incinerator 1. The leachate and flue gas sprayed by the spray gun 7 react in the middle position of the incinerator 1 and are discharged through the top of the incinerator 1. The flue gas around the incinerator 1 enters the gas storage tank 5 through the exhaust pipe 522 and the annular pipe 521, and then enters the incinerator 1 through the spray gun 7 to react, so that the flue gas can be more fully processed.

The working principle of the garbage incineration equipment when in use is as follows: the garbage is placed on the static rack 2 for static placement, and the leachate in the garbage flows into the collecting box 3, and the leachate in the collecting box 3 flows into the static box 4 through the liquid outlet pipe 31 for static placement. During the static placement of the static box 4, the residue in the leachate settles to the bottom of the static box 4 after static placement, and the leachate after static placement enters the spray gun 7 through the liquid inlet pipe 42 under the action of the water pump 41, and the flue gas enters the gas storage tank 5 through the exhaust pipe 522, the annular pipe 521, the air inlet pipe 52 and the air outlet pipe 53 under the action of the fan 51, and then enters the spray gun 7 along the air inlet pipe 56, and the leachate is mixed with the flue gas in the spray gun 7, and then sprayed into the incinerator 1 through the spray gun 7 under the air pressure provided by the main pipeline 9, and the treated flue gas is discharged through the top of the incinerator 1.

Embodiment 2: A method for incinerating garbage, comprising the following steps:

a. Garbage static setting: The collected garbage is placed on the static setting rack 2 for static setting, and the leachate in the garbage flows into the collection box 3;

b. Leachate settling: The leachate flowing into the collection box 3 flows into the settling box 4, and the leachate is settling during the garbage settling process;

c. Waste incineration: the waste that has been left to stand is put into the incinerator 1 for incineration;

d. Spraying leachate: After the incineration temperature is stabilized, the leachate is sent to the spray gun 7 through the water pump 41, and the compressed air is sent to the spray gun 7 through the main pipeline 9 and the air storage tank 5;

e. Flue gas premixing: Turn on the fan 51 to draw the flue gas in the incinerator 1 into the gas storage tank 5, and then mix it with the leachate in the spray gun 7 along with the compressed air;

f. Leachate recovery: After the incineration is completed, the leachate in the gas storage tank 5 is sent to the static box 4 for next use.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A garbage incineration device, comprising an incinerator (1), a stationary frame (2) arranged at one side of the incinerator (1), a collecting box (3) arranged below the stationary frame (2) for collecting leachate flowing out of garbage, a spray gun (7) fixedly connected to the incinerator (1) and with one end of the nozzle extending into the incinerator (1), a water pump (41) arranged at the side of the collecting box (3), a liquid inlet pipe (42) having one end fixedly connected to the water pump (41) and the other end fixedly connected to the spray gun (7) located outside the incinerator (1), and a main pipeline (9) arranged at one side of the incinerator (1) for introducing gas into the spray gun (7), characterized in that: a gas storage tank (5) located between the main pipeline (9) and the spray gun (7) and an air inlet pipe (56) for connecting the gas storage tank (5) to the spray gun (7) are also provided; A one-way valve (8) is provided at a position of the liquid inlet pipe (42) close to the spray gun (7) for only allowing the liquid to flow toward the spray gun (7); A recovery pipe (54) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas storage tank (5), the other end of the recovery pipe (54) is located at the top of the static box (4), and a valve switch (6) is provided at one end of the recovery pipe (54) close to the gas storage tank (5). 2. The waste incineration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a standing box (4) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the collecting box (3); a liquid outlet pipe (31) for discharging the leachate in the collecting box (3) into the standing box (4) is fixedly connected to a position near the bottom of the collecting box (3) near the standing box (4); a water pump (41) is fixedly connected to the side of the standing box (4) to pump the leachate in the standing box (4) to the spray gun (7). 3. The waste incineration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the liquid inlet pipe (42) includes a heating pipe (421) located in the incinerator (1) and a connecting pipe (422) fixedly connected to both ends of the heating pipe (421) and respectively fixedly connected to the water pump (41) and the spray gun (7). 4. The waste incineration equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that the heating tube (421) is arranged in a spiral shape in the incinerator (1). 5. The waste incineration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a fan (51) is fixedly connected to the top of the gas storage tank (5), and an air inlet pipe (52) connected to the gas storage tank (5) is fixedly connected to the fan (51), and the position where the air inlet pipe (52) is connected to the gas storage tank (5) is higher than the spray gun (7), and the fan (51) is also fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (53) fixedly connected to the gas storage tank (5), and a one-way valve (8) that only allows gas to flow to the gas storage tank (5) is arranged at a position close to the gas storage tank (5). 6. The waste incineration equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: a plurality of exhaust pipes (522) evenly arranged around the incinerator (1) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the incinerator (1) at a position higher than the spray gun (7), and an annular pipe (521) is arranged on the outside of the incinerator (1), and the annular pipe (521) is connected to the exhaust pipe (522) on the side facing away from the incinerator (1); the annular pipe (521) is connected to the air inlet pipe (52) on the side facing away from the gas storage tank (5). 7. The waste incineration equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that one end of the nozzle of the spray gun (7) is located in the incinerator (1) close to the axis of the incinerator (1). 8. A method for incinerating garbage using the garbage incineration equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. placing the collected garbage on a stationary rack (2) for stationary placement, and leachate in the garbage flows into a collection box (3); b. Leachate settling: the leachate flowing into the collection box (3) flows into the settling box (4), and the leachate is settling during the garbage settling process; c. Waste incineration: The waste that has been left to stand is placed in the incinerator (1) for incineration; d. Spraying leachate: After the incineration temperature is stabilized, the leachate is sent to the spray gun (7) through the water pump (41), and compressed air is sent to the spray gun (7) through the main pipeline (9) via the air storage tank (5); e. Flue gas premixing: Turn on the fan (51) to draw the flue gas from the incinerator (1) into the gas storage tank (5), and then mix it with the leachate in the spray gun (7) along with the compressed air; f. Leachate recovery: After the incineration is completed, the leachate in the gas storage tank (5) is sent to the static box (4).