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CN109523565A - A kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center positioning method and system - Google Patents

A kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center positioning method and system Download PDF

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CN109523565A
CN109523565A CN201811360167.3A CN201811360167A CN109523565A CN 109523565 A CN109523565 A CN 109523565A CN 201811360167 A CN201811360167 A CN 201811360167A CN 109523565 A CN109523565 A CN 109523565A
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center
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CN109523565B (en
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翟中生
程壮
吕清花
王选择
丁善婷
张艳红
李劲松
黄娇洁
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Wuhan Puchuang Data Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法和系统。该方法包括以下步骤：步骤一、对含有噪声的无衍射光莫尔条纹进行图像预处理，提取局部同心圆环区域；步骤二、针对步骤一处理的图像，进行一系列形态学处理；步骤三、针对步骤二处理的图像，进行局部同心圆环检测；步骤四、针对步骤三处理的图像，对初始圆心集进行聚类分析，删除聚类后两组圆心集内的异常点，迭代求取两组圆心集的中心点即可实现无衍射光莫尔条纹定位。本发明能同时对无衍射光莫尔条纹两光斑中心进行定位，自动化程度强，定位精度高，适用范围广，有良好的应用前景。

The invention relates to a non-diffracting light moiré fringe center positioning method and system. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, performing image preprocessing on non-diffracting light moiré fringes containing noise, and extracting local concentric ring regions; step 2, performing a series of morphological processing on the image processed in step 1; step 3 2. For the images processed by step 2, perform local concentric ring ring testing; step 4. For images processed for step 3, analyze the initial circle of heart set, delete the abnormalities in the two groups after the cluster, The center point of the two sets of circle centers can realize the positioning of the non-diffraction light Moiré fringe. The present invention can also locate the two light spot centers of non -diffracted light Morr stripes, with strong degree of automation, high positioning accuracy, wide applicable range, and good application prospects.

Description

A kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center positioning method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to diffraction light-free fields of measurement, more particularly to form the accurate of Moire fringe in two beam diffraction light-frees and survey In amount, two location of the core methods.
Background technique
Diffraction light-free is concerned since its center spot size, shape do not change with transmission range.With people Deepen continuously to diffraction light-free research, diffraction light-free application field it is also more and more extensive, as accurate measurement, laser add Work, field depth extending etc..The accurate position for finding diffraction light-free center spot is an important prerequisite for realizing high measurement accuracy.Often The diffraction light-free Facula Center Location method seen has light intensity gravity model appoach, Least Square Circle fitting process and Hough circle transformation method, annulus Filter method and chaos ant colony method etc..
Since diffraction light-free has good collimation and the medium characteristic of energy collection, by diffraction light-free in conjunction with other technologies, The application field of diffraction light-free can be greatly enriched.It is one in accurate measurement that diffraction light-free is combined with Moire fringe technology The advantages of new combined method of kind, this method not only remains Moire fringe, but also introduce the characteristic of diffraction light-free.It will be without spreading out It penetrates light to combine with Moire fringe, have been widely used in field of precision measurement, as space linearity measurement, multifreedom motion miss Difference measurements etc..Such as in multifreedom motion error measure, two beam diffraction light-frees are subjected to interference and generate diffraction light-free More item Line, four kinds of different freedom degrees variations that you can get it by calculating the location variation of two spot center of diffraction light-free Moire fringe Amount.Therefore, the position for how accurately finding two center spot of diffraction light-free Moire fringe is to realize diffraction light-free Moire fringe essence The premise of close measurement.
The positioning at two centers of diffraction light-free Moire fringe, is different from single beam diffraction light-free, and diffraction light-free Moire fringe exists Radially fringe distribution on shape feature, there are the regions that two light intensity are most concentrated in light distribution.Because of diffraction light-free The complexity of Moire fringe, so diffraction light-free Moire fringe positioning difficulty for diffraction light-free positioning is bigger.At present Mainly have to the method for diffraction light-free Moire fringe positioning: (1) blocking method.Block the first beam salt free ligands first during the experiment Light calculates the spot center of the second beam diffraction light-free；Then the second beam diffraction light-free is blocked, the light of the first beam diffraction light-free is calculated Spot center；The positioning of diffraction light-free Moire fringe is realized in the position for finally combining two groups of spot centers.The method will be to diffraction light-free Moire fringe positioning, which is converted into, positions diffraction light-free, positioning accuracy with higher, but needs respectively to a branch of salt free ligands Light carries out mechanization and blocks, and cannot calculate two spot center change in location of diffraction light-free Moire fringe, the degree of automation simultaneously It is not high.(2) the Schlieren method.Concentric circles Moire fringe have it is preferable Targets, theory analysis it is found that two raster centers away from every increase and decrease One pitch, Moire fringe number increase and decrease four.Equally, diffraction light-free Moire fringe also has this rule.Not to diffraction light-free That striped is scanned counting in rectangular coordinate system or polar coordinate system, pushes away two light of hot spot by the way that the variable quantity of Moire fringe number is counter The variable quantity at spot center realizes the positioning of diffraction light-free Moire fringe.The method needs to carry out accurate metering to Moire fringe, still Since the quality of Moire fringe is very big on count results influence, so Facula Center Location precision is not high.
In short, currently used diffraction light-free Moire fringe localization method is in positioning accuracy, the degree of automation and is applicable in The problem of range etc. is further studied there are still many needs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center positioning methods, can be realized diffraction light-free not The accurate positioning of your two central points of striped.This method can simultaneously position two spot center of diffraction light-free Moire fringe, The influence that the method for blocking causes the degree of automation low is avoided, the problem that the Schlieren method causes positioning accuracy not high is also reduced.It completes The technical solution of foregoing invention task is: a kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center positioning method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, pretreatment operation is carried out to noise-containing diffraction light-free Moire fringe image, extracts local concentric loop Region；
Step 2, for the image of step 1 processing, a series of Morphological scale-spaces are carried out；
Step 3, for the image of step 2 processing, local concentric loop detection is carried out, initial center of circle collection C is obtained0(x,y)；
Step 4, for the image of step 3 processing, to initial center of circle collection C0(x, y) carries out clustering, flat using error The objective function of side and SSE as cluster, when SSE minimum, Clustering Effect is best, to obtain in two beam diffraction light-free hot spots Heart center of circle collection C1(x, y) and C2(x, y), wherein the calculation formula of SSE be,
Wherein CiIt is i-th of cluster, p is CiIn sample point, diIt is CiIn all samples mean value；
To the two groups of center of circle collection C detected1(x, y) and C2(x, y) seeks its central point O1(a, b) and O2(a, b) is as just Beginning center；Then using initial center as the center of circle, certain length R is radius, and radius R is formed by circle will be comprising respective center of circle collection Concentrated part deletes point, that is, abnormal point other than circle；Central point is sought to new center of circle collection again, is obtained for iteration w times O3(a, b) and O4(a, b), as more accurate two beams diffraction light-free center, so that it is determined that diffraction light-free Moire fringe position.
Further, pretreatment operation includes following sub-step in step 1,
Step 1.1, it is denoised using median filtering；The neighborhood that size is S is chosen, with the big minispread neighborhood of intensity value Interior pixel value selects new value of the median in arrangement pixel set as abnormal point (m, n), while realizing denoising effect Retain the marginal information of image；
Step 1.2, to treated, image carries out histogram equalization；By stretching image pixel intensity range enhancing figure Tonal range under different experiments environment is balanced to 0~255 by image contrast, weakens influence of the external environment to experimental result；
Step 1.3, to treated, image carries out Threshold segmentation and binaryzation；Light intensity maximum value is found in whole picture figure again Imax, according to salt free ligands light intensity distribution character under experimental situation, suitable Δ V value is chosen, chooses ImaxΔ V is as threshold value to image Binary conversion treatment is carried out, obtains diffraction light-free close to its spot center part concentric annular regions.
Further, firstly, the local concentric loop in two spot centers for not influencing diffraction light-free Moire fringe is whole Under the premise of profile, deletes area and be less than S1The connected region of pixel, the image obtained at this time are I1；Then use size for P's Disc-shaped structure element I2To image I1The opening operation expanded afterwards, the calculation formula of opening operation are first corroded in progress are as follows:
Wherein $ is etching operation,For expansive working；It finally deletes again because the area that opening operation generates image is less than S2The new connected region of pixel.
Further, the specific implementation of step 3 is as follows,
Edge detection is carried out using Sobel operator first, enabling by the image that step 2 is handled is I3, size is selected respectively For H, direction is horizontal kernel GxIt is vertical kernel G with directionyConvolution algorithm is carried out with image, then in the every bit of image Gray scale G size can be approximated to be | I3*Gx|+|I3*Gy|；Then Hough circle transformation is used, image space is transformed into parameter Suitable radius step-length step_r, angle step step_angle, minimum radius of circle r_min, maximum radius of circle r_ are chosen in space Max carries out statistics calculating to the point on edge, determines circle that may be present, obtains initial center of circle collection C0(x,y)。
Further, the concentric loop that diffraction light-free spot center part concentric annular regions are included in step 1.3 Number is 3~6.
Further, use K mean cluster algorithm to initial center of circle collection C in step 40(x, y) carries out clustering, and K takes 2。
Further, it will include the concentrated part of respective center of circle collection containing the respective center of circle that radius R, which is formed by circle, in step 4 85% pixel integrated is standard.
Further, the number of iterations w should be no more than 3 times in step 4.
The present invention also provides a kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center location systems, comprise the following modules:
Local concentric annular regions extraction module, for being located in advance to noise-containing diffraction light-free Moire fringe image Local concentric annular regions are extracted in reason operation；
Morphological scale-space module carries out a series of for the image for local concentric annular regions extraction module processing Morphological scale-space；
Local concentric loop detection module carries out local concentric circles for being directed to the image of Morphological scale-space resume module Ring detection, obtains initial center of circle collection C0(x,y)；
Moire fringe locating module, for the image for local concentric loop detection module processing, to initial center of circle collection C0(x, y) carries out clustering, uses error sum of squares SSE as the objective function of cluster, when SSE minimum, Clustering Effect Preferably, to obtain two beam diffraction light-free spot center center of circle collection C1(x, y) and C2(x, y), wherein the calculation formula of SSE be,
Wherein CiIt is i-th of cluster, p is CiIn sample point, diIt is CiIn all samples mean value；
To the two groups of center of circle collection C detected1(x, y) and C2(x, y) seeks its central point O1(a, b) and O2(a, b) is as just Beginning center；Then using initial center as the center of circle, certain length R is radius, and radius R is formed by circle will be comprising respective center of circle collection Concentrated part deletes point, that is, abnormal point other than circle；Central point is sought to new center of circle collection again, is obtained for iteration w times O3(a, b) and O4(a, b), as more accurate two beams diffraction light-free center, so that it is determined that diffraction light-free Moire fringe position.
Further, the specific process flow of local concentric annular regions extraction module is as follows,
Step 1.1, it is denoised using median filtering；The neighborhood that size is S is chosen, with the big minispread neighborhood of intensity value Interior pixel value selects new value of the median in arrangement pixel set as abnormal point (m, n), while realizing denoising effect Retain the marginal information of image；
Step 1.2, to treated, image carries out histogram equalization；By stretching image pixel intensity range enhancing figure Tonal range under different experiments environment is balanced to 0~255 by image contrast, weakens influence of the external environment to experimental result；
Step 1.3, to treated, image carries out Threshold segmentation and binaryzation；Light intensity maximum value is found in whole picture figure again Imax, according to salt free ligands light intensity distribution character under experimental situation, suitable Δ V value is chosen, chooses ImaxΔ V is as threshold value to image Binary conversion treatment is carried out, obtains diffraction light-free close to its spot center part concentric annular regions.
The specific process flow of Morphological scale-space module is as follows,
Firstly, the premise of the local concentric loop overall profile in two spot centers for not influencing diffraction light-free Moire fringe Under, it deletes area and is less than S1The connected region of pixel, the image obtained at this time are I1；Then use size for the disc-shaped structure of P Element I2To image I1The opening operation expanded afterwards, the calculation formula of opening operation are first corroded in progress are as follows:
Wherein $ is etching operation,For expansive working；It finally deletes again because the area that opening operation generates image is less than S2The new connected region of pixel.
Local concentric loop detection module detailed process processing is as follows,
Edge detection is carried out using Sobel operator first, enabling by the image that step 2 is handled is I3, size is selected respectively For H, direction is horizontal kernel GxIt is vertical kernel G with directionyConvolution algorithm is carried out with image, then in the every bit of image Gray scale G size can be approximated to be | I3*Gx|+|I3*Gy|；Then Hough circle transformation is used, image space is transformed into parameter Suitable radius step-length step_r, angle step step_angle, minimum radius of circle r_min, maximum radius of circle r_ are chosen in space Max carries out statistics calculating to the point on edge, determines circle that may be present, obtains initial center of circle collection C0(x,y)。
Compared with prior art, the method for the present invention has the advantage that
(1) image under different experiments environment, strong applicability can preferably be handled.
(2) retain the local concentric loop of two spot centers close to diffraction light-free Moire fringe, the speed of service is fast.
(3) two spot center of diffraction light-free Moire fringe can be positioned simultaneously.The method of blocking is avoided to cause to automate The low influence of degree also reduces the problem that the Schlieren method causes positioning accuracy not high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: process blocks schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2: the noise-containing diffraction light-free Moire fringe image of emulation of the invention；
Fig. 3: the diffraction light-free Moire fringe image after image preprocessing of the invention；
Fig. 4: the Moire fringe image after K mean cluster of the present invention；
Fig. 5: the diffraction light-free Moire fringe image after center of circle exception point deletion of the invention；
Fig. 6: the diffraction light-free Moire fringe image of two center spots positioning of the invention；
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this hair It is bright to be described in further detail, it should be understood that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
Below with reference to Fig. 1, the present invention will be further described:
Step 1, pretreatment operation, extraction office are carried out to noise-containing diffraction light-free Moire fringe image shown in Fig. 2 Portion concentric annular regions, as shown in Figure 3.Specifically:
Step 1.1, it is denoised using median filtering.Selection size S is 3 × 3 neighborhoods, adjacent with the big minispread of intensity value Pixel value in domain selects new value of the median in arrangement pixel set as point A (m, n).The pixel value of postulated point A is 87, and be outlier pixel values, 3 × 3 neighborhoods are [158 155 151；157 87 156；152 153 150], in this neighborhood Interior, normal pixel value is 155 or so.After median filtering, the new pixel value of point A is 153, thus obtained new pixel value with Normal pixel value size is close, and the marginal information of image is retained while realizing denoising effect.
Step 1.2, to treated, image carries out histogram equalization.Image under this experimental situation is united by histogram Meter gray value of image range is mainly distributed on 0~125 section.Enhance picture contrast using image pixel intensity range is stretched, Tonal range under this experimental situation is balanced to 0~255, weakens influence of the external environment to experimental result.
Step 1.3, to treated, image carries out Threshold segmentation and binaryzation.Light intensity maximum value is found in whole picture figure Imax=255, according to salt free ligands light intensity distribution character under this experimental situation, Δ V=195 is chosen, chooses ImaxΔ V=60 conduct Threshold value carries out binary conversion treatment to image, so that the concentric loop that diffraction light-free spot center part concentric annular regions are included With 3~6 numbers for standard.
Step 2, for the image of step 1 processing, a series of Morphological scale-spaces are carried out: firstly, not influencing diffraction light-free Under the premise of the local concentric loop overall profile of two spot centers of Moire fringe, deletes area and be less than S1=100 pixels Connected region, improves positioning accuracy, and the image obtained at this time is I1.Then the disc-shaped structure element I of size P=1 is used2It is right Image I1The opening operation expanded afterwards, the calculation formula of opening operation are first corroded in progress are as follows:
Wherein $ is etching operation,For expansive working.While the effect of opening operation guarantees using opening operation smoothed profile Keep profile close to circle.The area that finally deleting again generates image because of opening operation is less than S2The new connected region of=60 pixels Domain.
Step 3, for the image of step 2 processing, local concentric loop detection is carried out.It is carried out first using Sobel operator Edge detection.Enabling by the image that step 2 is handled is I3, selecting size respectively is H=3, and direction is horizontal kernel Gx=[- 1 0 1；-20 2；- 10 1] and direction is vertical kernel Gy=[- 1-2-1；0 0 0；12 1] convolution fortune is carried out with image Calculate, then can be approximated to be in the gray scale G size of the every bit of image | I3*Gx|+|I3*Gy|.Then Hough circle transformation is used, it will Image space is transformed into parameter space, chooses radius step-length step_r=1, angle step step_angle=0.1, smallest circle half Diameter r_min=2, maximum radius of circle r_max=80, carry out statistics calculating to the point on edge, determine circle that may be present, obtain Initial center of circle collection C0(x,y)。
Step 4, for the image of step 3 processing, to initial center of circle collection C0(x, y) carries out clustering.K mean cluster category In a kind of unsupervised machine learning, similar object is grouped into same cluster.It is by two beams according to diffraction light-free Moire fringe Diffraction light-free is interfered, and takes K=2 that can preferably find two beam diffraction light-free spot center center of circle collection, as shown in Figure 4.Make Use error sum of squares SSE as the objective function of cluster, when SSE minimum, Clustering Effect is best.The calculation formula of SSE is
Wherein CiIt is i-th of cluster, p is CiIn sample point, diIt is CiIn all samples mean value.To two groups detected Center of circle collection C1(x, y) and C2(x, y) seeks its central point O1(131,128) and O2(190,188) it is used as initial center.Then with Initial center is the center of circle, and certain length R=10 is radius, and it will include the 85% of respective center of circle collection that radius R=10, which is formed by circle, Pixel is standard, deletes point, that is, abnormal point other than circle, as shown in Figure 5.Center is finally sought again to new center of circle collection Point, obtains O iteration 2 times3(128,128) and O4(191,190), as more accurate two beams diffraction light-free center, So that it is determined that diffraction light-free Moire fringe position, as shown in Figure 6.
The present invention also provides a kind of diffraction light-free Moire fringe center location systems, comprise the following modules:
Local concentric annular regions extraction module, for being located in advance to noise-containing diffraction light-free Moire fringe image Local concentric annular regions are extracted in reason operation；
Morphological scale-space module carries out a series of for the image for local concentric annular regions extraction module processing Morphological scale-space；
Local concentric loop detection module carries out local concentric circles for being directed to the image of Morphological scale-space resume module Ring detection, obtains initial center of circle collection C0(x,y)；
Moire fringe locating module, for the image for local concentric loop detection module processing, to initial center of circle collection C0(x, y) carries out clustering, uses error sum of squares SSE as the objective function of cluster, when SSE minimum, Clustering Effect Preferably, to obtain two beam diffraction light-free spot center center of circle collection C1(x, y) and C2(x, y), wherein the calculation formula of SSE be,
Wherein CiIt is i-th of cluster, p is CiIn sample point, diIt is CiIn all samples mean value；
To the two groups of center of circle collection C detected1(x, y) and C2(x, y) seeks its central point O1(a, b) and O2(a, b) is as just Beginning center；Then using initial center as the center of circle, certain length R is radius, and radius R is formed by circle will be comprising respective center of circle collection Concentrated part deletes point, that is, abnormal point other than circle；Central point is sought to new center of circle collection again, is obtained for iteration w times O3(a, b) and O4(a, b), as more accurate two beams diffraction light-free center, so that it is determined that diffraction light-free Moire fringe position.
The specific implementation of each module and each step is corresponding, and the embodiment of the present invention is not write.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing, an exemplary description of the invention, it is clear that realization of the invention is not by aforesaid way Limitation.
It should be understood that the part that this specification does not elaborate belongs to the prior art.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, can not therefore be considered to this The limitation of invention patent protection range, those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the present invention, are not departing from power of the present invention Benefit requires to make replacement or deformation under protected ambit, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, this hair It is bright range is claimed to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1.一种无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. A non-diffraction light Moiré fringe center location method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 步骤1，对含有噪声的无衍射光莫尔条纹图像进行预处理操作，提取局部同心圆环区域；Step 1, preprocessing the noise-free non-diffracting light Moiré fringe image, and extracting local concentric ring regions; 步骤2，针对步骤1处理的图像，进行一系列形态学处理；Step 2, performing a series of morphological processing on the image processed in step 1; 步骤3，针对步骤2处理的图像，进行局部同心圆环检测，得到初始圆心集C0(x,y)；Step 3, for the image processed in step 2, perform local concentric ring detection to obtain the initial circle center set C 0 (x, y); 步骤4，针对步骤3处理的图像，对初始圆心集C0(x,y)进行聚类分析，使用误差平方和SSE作为聚类的目标函数，当SSE最小时，聚类效果最好，从而获得两束无衍射光光斑中心圆心集C1(x,y)和C2(x,y)，其中SSE的计算公式为，Step 4, for the image processed in step 3, cluster analysis is performed on the initial center set C 0 (x, y), and the sum of squared errors SSE is used as the objective function of clustering. When the SSE is the smallest, the clustering effect is the best, so Obtain two beams of non-diffracting light spot centers C 1 (x, y) and C 2 (x, y), where the calculation formula of SSE is, 其中Ci是第i个簇，p是Ci中的样本点，di是Ci中所有样本的均值；Where C i is the i-th cluster, p is the sample point in C i , d i is the mean of all samples in C i ; 对检测到的两组圆心集C1(x,y)和C2(x,y)求取其中心点O1(a,b)和O2(a,b)作为初始中心；然后以初始中心为圆心，一定长度R为半径，半径R所形成的圆要包含各自圆心集的集中部分，删除在圆以外的点即异常点；对新的圆心集再次求取中心点，重复迭代w次得到O3(a,b)和O4(a,b)，即为较为精确的两束无衍射光中心，从而确定无衍射光莫尔条纹位置。Find the center points O 1 (a,b) and O 2 (a,b) of the detected two sets of center sets C 1 (x,y) and C 2 (x,y) as the initial centers; then use the initial The center is the center of the circle, a certain length R is the radius, and the circles formed by the radius R must contain the concentrated parts of the respective center sets, and delete the points outside the circle, that is, the abnormal points; find the center point again for the new center set, and repeat the iteration w times O 3 (a,b) and O 4 (a,b) are obtained, which are the centers of the two beams of non-diffraction light more accurately, so as to determine the position of the moiré fringe of the non-diffraction light. 2.如权利要求1所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：步骤1中预处理操作包括以下子步骤，2. non-diffracting light moiré fringe center location method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 1, preprocessing operation comprises the following sub-steps, 步骤1.1，采用中值滤波进行去噪；选取大小为S的邻域，以强度值的大小排列邻域内的像素值，选择排列像素集合里的中间值作为异常点(m,n)的新值，实现去噪效果的同时保留图像的边缘信息；Step 1.1, use median filtering for denoising; select a neighborhood with a size of S, arrange the pixel values in the neighborhood according to the intensity value, and select the median value in the arranged pixel set as the new value of the abnormal point (m,n) , to achieve the denoising effect while retaining the edge information of the image; 步骤1.2，对处理后的图像进行直方图均衡化；通过拉伸图像像素强度范围增强图像对比度，将不同实验环境下的灰度范围均衡到0～255，减弱外界环境对实验结果的影响；Step 1.2, the processing of the treated image is balanced; enhance the image contrast between the intensity range of the pixels of the image, and balance the gray range range in different experimental environments to 0-255 to weaken the impact of the experimental results of the external environment; 步骤1.3，对处理后的图像进行阈值分割并二值化；再在整幅图中找到光强最大值Imax，根据实验环境下无衍射光强分布特性，选取合适ΔV值，选取Imax-ΔV作为阈值对图像进行二值化处理，得到无衍射光靠近其光斑中心局部同心圆环区域。In step 1.3, perform threshold segmentation and binarization on the processed image; then find the maximum light intensity I max in the whole image, and select an appropriate ΔV value according to the characteristics of the light intensity distribution without diffraction in the experimental environment, and select I max - ΔV is used as the threshold to binarize the image to obtain a local concentric ring area near the center of the spot of the non-diffraction light. 3.如权利要求1所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：步骤2的具体实现方式如下，3. The non-diffracting light Moiré fringe center positioning method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the specific implementation of step 2 is as follows, 首先，在不影响无衍射光莫尔条纹的两光斑中心的局部同心圆环整体轮廓的前提下，删除面积小于S1像素的连通区域，此时得到的图像为I1；然后采用大小为P的圆盘形结构元素I2对图像I1进行先腐蚀后膨胀的开运算，开运算的计算公式为：First, under the premise of not affecting the overall contour of the local concentric rings in the center of the two spot centers without diffracted light Moiré fringes, delete the connected area with an area smaller than S 1 pixel, and the image obtained at this time is I 1 ; then use the size P The disc-shaped structural element I 2 performs the opening operation on the image I 1 by first corroding and then expanding. The calculation formula of the opening operation is: 其中$为腐蚀操作，⊕为膨胀操作；最后再次删除因开运算使图像产生的面积小于S2像素的新连通区域。Among them, $ is an erosion operation, and ⊕ is an expansion operation; finally, delete the new connected region whose area is smaller than S 2 pixels in the image due to the opening operation. 4.如权利要求1所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：步骤3的具体实现方式如下，4. The non-diffracting light Moiré fringe center positioning method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the specific implementation of step 3 is as follows, 首先采用Sobel算子进行边缘检测，令经过步骤2处理的图像为I3，分别选用大小为H，方向为水平的内核Gx和方向为垂直的内核Gy与图像进行卷积运算，则在图像的每一点的灰度G大小可以近似为|I3*Gx|+|I3*Gy|；然后采用Hough圆变换，将图像空间转换到参数空间，选取合适的半径步长step_r、角度步长step_angle、最小圆半径r_min、最大圆半径r_max，对边缘上的点进行统计计算，确定可能存在的圆，得到初始圆心集C0(x,y)。Firstly, the Sobel operator is used for edge detection, and the image processed in step 2 is I 3 , and the kernel G x with the size H and the horizontal direction and the kernel G y with the vertical direction are respectively selected for convolution operation with the image, then in The grayscale G of each point of the image can be approximated as |I 3 *G x |+|I 3 *G y |; then use the Hough circle transformation to transform the image space into the parameter space, and select the appropriate radius step step_r, The angle step step_angle, the minimum circle radius r_min, and the maximum circle radius r_max perform statistical calculations on the points on the edge to determine the possible circles and obtain the initial circle center set C 0 (x,y). 5.如权利要求2所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：5. non-diffracting light Moiré fringe center location method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: 步骤1.3中无衍射光光斑中心局部同心圆环区域所包含的同心圆环个数为3～6个。The number of concentric rings contained in the local concentric ring area in the center of the non-diffracting light spot in step 1.3 is 3 to 6. 6.如权利要求1所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：步骤4中采用K均值聚类算法对初始圆心集C0(x,y)进行聚类分析，K取2。6. The non-diffracting light Moiré fringe center location method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 4, adopt K-means clustering algorithm to carry out cluster analysis to initial circle center set C 0 (x, y), K takes 2. 7.如权利要求1所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：步骤4中半径R所形成的圆要包含各自圆心集的集中部分以含各自圆心集的85％像素点为标准。7. The positioning method of non -diffracted Guangmore striped center positioning method as described as claims 1 is characterized by: the circle formed by the radius R in the step 4 to contain the concentration part of their respective sets of the heart set. For standards. 8.如权利要求1所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位方法，其特征在于：步骤4中迭代次数w应不超过3次。8. The non-diffracting light moiré fringe center positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of iterations w in step 4 should not exceed 3 times. 9.一种无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位系统，其特征在于，包括以下模块：9. A non-diffracting light Moiré fringe center positioning system, characterized in that it comprises the following modules: 局部同心圆环区域提取模块，用于对含有噪声的无衍射光莫尔条纹图像进行预处理操作，提取局部同心圆环区域；The local concentric ring area extraction module is used to perform preprocessing operations on the noise-free non-diffracting light moiré fringe image, and extract the local concentric ring area; 形态学处理模块，用于针对局部同心圆环区域提取模块处理的图像，进行一系列形态学处理；The morphological processing module is used to perform a series of morphological processing on the image processed by the local concentric circular area extraction module; 局部同心圆环检测模块，用于针对形态学处理模块处理的图像，进行局部同心圆环检测，得到初始圆心集C0(x,y)；The local concentric ring detection module is used for performing local concentric ring detection on the image processed by the morphological processing module to obtain an initial circle center set C 0 (x, y); 莫尔条纹定位模块，用于针对局部同心圆环检测模块处理的图像，对初始圆心集C0(x,y)进行聚类分析，使用误差平方和SSE作为聚类的目标函数，当SSE最小时，聚类效果最好，从而获得两束无衍射光光斑中心圆心集C1(x,y)和C2(x,y)，其中SSE的计算公式为，The moiré fringe positioning module is used for performing cluster analysis on the initial circle center set C 0 (x, y) for the image processed by the local concentric circle detection module, using the error square sum SSE as the objective function of clustering, when the SSE is the most hours, the clustering effect is the best, so that two beams of non-diffracting light spot centers C 1 (x, y) and C 2 (x, y) are obtained, where the calculation formula of SSE is, 其中Ci是第i个簇，p是Ci中的样本点，di是Ci中所有样本的均值；Where C i is the i-th cluster, p is the sample point in C i , d i is the mean of all samples in C i ; 对检测到的两组圆心集C1(x,y)和C2(x,y)求取其中心点O1(a,b)和O2(a,b)作为初始中心；然后以初始中心为圆心，一定长度R为半径，半径R所形成的圆要包含各自圆心集的集中部分，删除在圆以外的点即异常点；对新的圆心集再次求取中心点，重复迭代w次得到O3(a,b)和O4(a,b)，即为较为精确的两束无衍射光中心，从而确定无衍射光莫尔条纹位置。Find the center points O 1 (a,b) and O 2 (a,b) of the detected two sets of center sets C 1 (x,y) and C 2 (x,y) as the initial centers; then use the initial The center is the center of the circle, a certain length R is the radius, and the circles formed by the radius R must contain the concentrated parts of the respective center sets, and delete the points outside the circle, that is, the abnormal points; find the center point again for the new center set, and repeat the iteration w times O 3 (a,b) and O 4 (a,b) are obtained, which are the centers of the two beams of non-diffraction light more accurately, so as to determine the position of the moiré fringe of the non-diffraction light. 10.如权利要求9所述的无衍射光莫尔条纹中心定位系统，其特征在于：局部同心圆环区域提取模块的具体处理流程如下，10. As shown in claim 9, the non -diffracted light -Mor stripe center positioning system is characterized by: the specific processing process of the extraction module of the local concentric ring ring area is as follows, as follows, as follows, as follows, as follows 步骤1.1，采用中值滤波进行去噪；选取大小为S的邻域，以强度值的大小排列邻域内的像素值，选择排列像素集合里的中间值作为异常点(m,n)的新值，实现去噪效果的同时保留图像的边缘信息；Step 1.1, use median filtering for denoising; select a neighborhood with a size of S, arrange the pixel values in the neighborhood according to the intensity value, and select the median value in the arranged pixel set as the new value of the abnormal point (m,n) , to achieve the denoising effect while retaining the edge information of the image; 步骤1.2，对处理后的图像进行直方图均衡化；通过拉伸图像像素强度范围增强图像对比度，将不同实验环境下的灰度范围均衡到0～255，减弱外界环境对实验结果的影响；Step 1.2, the processing of the treated image is balanced; enhance the image contrast between the intensity range of the pixels of the image, and balance the gray range range in different experimental environments to 0-255 to weaken the impact of the experimental results of the external environment; 步骤1.3，对处理后的图像进行阈值分割并二值化；再在整幅图中找到光强最大值Imax，根据实验环境下无衍射光强分布特性，选取合适ΔV值，选取Imax-ΔV作为阈值对图像进行二值化处理，得到无衍射光靠近其光斑中心局部同心圆环区域；In step 1.3, perform threshold segmentation and binarization on the processed image; then find the maximum light intensity I max in the whole image, and select an appropriate ΔV value according to the characteristics of the light intensity distribution without diffraction in the experimental environment, and select I max - ΔV is used as the threshold to binarize the image to obtain a local concentric ring area near the center of the spot of the non-diffraction light; 形态学处理模块的具体处理流程如下，The specific processing flow of the morphology processing module is as follows, 首先，在不影响无衍射光莫尔条纹的两光斑中心的局部同心圆环整体轮廓的前提下，删除面积小于S1像素的连通区域，此时得到的图像为I1；然后采用大小为P的圆盘形结构元素I2对图像I1进行先腐蚀后膨胀的开运算，开运算的计算公式为：First, under the premise of not affecting the overall contour of the local concentric rings in the center of the two spot centers without diffracted light Moiré fringes, delete the connected area with an area smaller than S 1 pixel, and the image obtained at this time is I 1 ; then use the size P The disc-shaped structural element I 2 performs the opening operation on the image I 1 by first corroding and then expanding. The calculation formula of the opening operation is: 其中$为腐蚀操作，⊕为膨胀操作；最后再次删除因开运算使图像产生的面积小于S2像素的新连通区域；Among them, $ is the erosion operation, ⊕ is the expansion operation; finally delete the new connected area whose area is smaller than S 2 pixels generated by the image due to the opening operation; 局部同心圆环检测模块具体流程处理如下，The specific process of the local concentric ring detection module is as follows, 首先采用Sobel算子进行边缘检测，令经过步骤2处理的图像为I3，分别选用大小为H，方向为水平的内核Gx和方向为垂直的内核Gy与图像进行卷积运算，则在图像的每一点的灰度G大小可以近似为|I3*Gx|+|I3*Gy|；然后采用Hough圆变换，将图像空间转换到参数空间，选取合适的半径步长step_r、角度步长step_angle、最小圆半径r_min、最大圆半径r_max，对边缘上的点进行统计计算，确定可能存在的圆，得到初始圆心集C0(x,y)。First of all, the Sobel operator is used for edge detection, so that the image that is processed by step 2 is i 3 , and the kernel G X with the size of the size H and the level of the direction is perpendicular to the image. The grayscale G size of each point of the image can be similar to | i 3 *g x |+| i 3 *g y |; then use the hough round transformation to convert the image space to the parameter space, select the appropriate radius step STEP_R,, The angle step STEP_ANGLE, the minimum circle radius R_min, and the maximum circular radius R_MAX, statistical calculation of the points on the edge to determine the possible circle, and obtain the initial round heart set C 0 (x, y).
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