Bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal processings and technical field of electromagnetic compatibility, and in particular to a kind of bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator.
Background technique
Adaptive radiation interference cancellation techniques are to solve one kind that the communication system transmit-receives antennas such as naval vessel are total to platform interference to have
Efficacious prescriptions method, main thought are using constant amplitude reverse phase technology for eliminating come the co-located high reject signal of active suppression.Basic principle be from
As reference signal all the way is extracted at the transmitting antenna of the communication emission system of interference source, disturbed communication is input to after processing
Between the receiving antenna and receiver of reception system, constant amplitude reverse phase is done with the interference signal that receiving antenna directly receives and is offseted,
The interference signal for making to avoid passing through space radiation coupling enters receiver, and the interference of cancellation receiver makes receive-transmit system can
To work at the same time.This method is equally applicable to solve the problems, such as interfering with each other between multi-section transceiver.
Bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator is one of the Primary Component in interference cancellation system, generally utilizes bis- pole FET or PIN
The radio-frequency resistance of pipe realizes the control to attenuation with the variation characteristic of voltage or electric current.Electricity based on bridge-type structure adjusts decaying
The features such as device has insertion loss small, and Linear Control is strong, but its design structure is complicated, and Regime during recession range is small.Therefore, it is necessary to
A kind of electrically controlled attenuator is developed, the defect of existing method is overcome, is optimized in structure design and Regime during recession range.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to the defects of the prior art, provide a kind of bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator, have and answer
With bandwidth, insertion loss is small, non-linear distortion is small, dynamic range is big and control characteristic approaches the characteristics such as linear.
The present invention provides a kind of bipolarity electrically controlled attenuators, it is characterised in that including radio circuit and control circuit;It penetrates
Frequency circuit includes the first LC compensation circuit, the first balun circuit, the first impedance inverter circuit, PIN diode being sequentially connected electrically
Array circuit, the second impedance inverter circuit, the second balun circuit and the 2nd LC compensation circuit;Control circuit includes being sequentially connected electrically
Voltage conditioning circuit, voltage conditioning circuit, first voltage to current converter circuit and the first sectional linear fitting circuit again,
The output end of middle voltage conditioning circuit is electrically connected through second voltage to current converter circuit and the second sectional linear fitting circuit;
PIN diode array circuit is electrically connected with first voltage to current converter circuit and second voltage to current converter circuit respectively;
PIN diode array circuit uses the structure of four row's PIN diode arrays;Radiofrequency signal enters LC compensation electricity by rf inputs
Road, control signal is by control voltage input interface, all the way through overvoltage conditioning circuit and sectional linear fitting circuit, to PIN
Two rows of PIN diode states in diode array are controlled;Another way is quasi- by piecewise linearity after overvoltage improves again
Circuit is closed to control another two rows of PIN diode states.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, balun circuit and impedance transformer are designed using line transformer.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, N number of Diode series shape is respectively adopted in the every row's PIN diode of PIN diode array circuit
At, the end diode of first row PIN diode is connected with the head end diode of second row PIN diode through the first inductance, the
The end diode of three row's PIN diodes is connected with the head end diode of the 4th row's PIN diode through the second inductance;Every row PIN
The head end and tail end of diode are in series with a capacitor respectively;The head end diode of first row and the 4th row's PIN diode is through it
Corresponding head end capacitor is electrically connected with the first impedance inverter circuit side output end;The head of second row and third row's PIN diode
End diode is electrically connected through its corresponding head end capacitor with the first impedance inverter circuit other side output end;First row and third row
The end diode of PIN diode is electrically connected through its corresponding end capacitor with the second impedance inverter circuit side input terminal;The
The end diode of two rows and the 4th row's PIN diode is defeated through its corresponding end capacitor and the second impedance inverter circuit other side
Enter end electrical connection;External power supply is electrically connected to the sun of the head end diode of first row and third row's PIN diode through inductance respectively
Pole;First voltage is electrically connected to through inductance respectively to current converter circuit and second voltage to the input terminal of current converter circuit
The cathode of the end diode of two rows and the 4th row's PIN diode.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, voltage conditioning circuit include the first operational amplifier, negative input through resistance Ri2 with
Output end electrical connection, negative input connect External Control Voltage through resistance Ri1, and electrode input end connects input voltage through resistance Ri4
VP1, electrode input end are grounded through resistance Ri3.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, conditioning circuit includes third operational amplifier to voltage again, and negative input is through resistance RD6
It is electrically connected with output end, negative input connects voltage conditioning circuit output end through resistance RD5, and electrode input end connects through resistance RD8
Input voltage VP2, electrode input end are grounded through resistance RD7.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, first voltage to current converter circuit includes four-operational amplifier and field effect transistor
N2;Its negative input is electrically connected through resistance RD10 with output end, and negative input through resistance RD9 connects voltage, and conditioning circuit is defeated again
Outlet, electrode input end meet input voltage VP3 through resistance RD10, and electrode input end is grounded through resistance RD11;Its output end and field
The grid of effect triode N2 is electrically connected;The drain electrode of field effect transistor N2 and the output end of PIN diode array circuit are electrically connected
It connects;The source electrode of field effect transistor N2 is electrically connected with the first sectional linear fitting circuit.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, second voltage to current converter circuit includes second operational amplifier and field effect transistor
N1;Its negative input is electrically connected through resistance RD2 with output end, and negative input connects voltage conditioning circuit through resistance RD1 and exports
End, electrode input end meet input voltage VP3 through resistance RD4, and electrode input end is grounded through resistance RD3;Its output end and field-effect
The grid of triode N1 is electrically connected;The drain electrode of field effect transistor N12 is electrically connected with the output end of PIN diode array circuit;
The source electrode of field effect transistor N1 is electrically connected with the second sectional linear fitting circuit.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the first sectional linear fitting circuit includes M parallel branch, and every branch is provided with one
A resistance, the resistance of each branch are in series with 0 to M-1 diode respectively;The anode of above-mentioned diode meets effect triode N2
Source electrode;The minus earth of above-mentioned diode.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the second sectional linear fitting circuit includes M parallel branch, and every branch is provided with one
A resistance, the resistance of each branch are in series with 0 to M-1 diode respectively;The anode of above-mentioned diode meets effect triode N1
Source electrode;The minus earth of above-mentioned diode.
It is big to realize Regime during recession range by using the structure of four row's PIN diode arrays by the present invention;Each row PIN
Diode realizes high power capacity by using the identical multiple concatenated structures of PIN diode of number.Control of the invention
Road is first connected method again in parallel using the diode of different number, makes the ideal controlling curve of controlling curve piecewise approximation.
The present invention can make bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator bulk properties be impedance-matched to end by line transformer and LC compensation circuit
50 ohm characteristic impedances of mouth.Electrically controlled attenuator structure according to the invention is simple, layout symmetry, non-linear distortion are small, power
The features such as capacity is big, applicable band is wide is therefore particularly suitable for wideband high-power adaptive interference cancellation system or similar answers
Use occasion
Detailed description of the invention
Structural block diagram Fig. 1 of the invention
Radio circuit example Fig. 2 of the invention
Control circuit example Fig. 3 of the invention
Specific embodiment
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, convenient for this hair is well understood
It is bright, but they limiting the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, providing a kind of bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator, it is characterised in that including radio circuit and control electricity
Road;Radio circuit includes the first LC compensation circuit being sequentially connected electrically, the first balun circuit, the first impedance inverter circuit, PIN bis-
Pole pipe array circuit, the second impedance inverter circuit, the second balun circuit and the 2nd LC compensation circuit;Control circuit includes successively electric
Conditioning circuit, first voltage to current converter circuit and the first sectional linear fitting are electric again for voltage conditioning circuit, the voltage of connection
Road, wherein the output end of voltage conditioning circuit is electrically connected through second voltage to current converter circuit and the second sectional linear fitting circuit
It connects;PIN diode array circuit is electrically connected with first voltage to current converter circuit and second voltage to current converter circuit respectively
It connects;PIN diode array circuit uses the structure of four row's PIN diode arrays;Radiofrequency signal enters LC by rf inputs and mends
Circuit is repaid, control signal is by control voltage input interface, all the way through overvoltage conditioning circuit and the first sectional linear fitting electricity
Road controls two rows of PIN diode states in PIN diode array;Another way passes through after overvoltage improves again
Two-section linear fit circuit controls another two rows of PIN diode states.Control circuit is converted into for that will control signal
Control the current signal of PIN diode radio-frequency resistance variation
As shown in Fig. 2, RF1 is the input of radiofrequency signal;Series inductance Lm1 and shunt capacitance Cm1, Cm2 optimize input terminal
Impedance matching, TLF1 and TLF2 are based on line transformer design, respectively balun and impedance transformer, realize voltage respectively
It equilibrates to uneven conversion and the impedance of radio frequency path front stage converts.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, N number of Diode series shape is respectively adopted in the every row's PIN diode of PIN diode array circuit
At the end diode of first row PIN diode and the head end Diode series of second row PIN diode, third arrange bis- pole PIN
The end diode of pipe and the head end Diode series of the 4th row's PIN diode;The head end and tail end of every row's PIN diode are distinguished
It is in series with a capacitor;The head end diode and the first impedance inverter circuit side of first row and the 4th row's PIN diode export
End electrical connection;The head end diode and the first impedance inverter circuit other side output end electricity of second row and third row's PIN diode
Connection;The end diode of first row and third row's PIN diode is electrically connected with the second impedance inverter circuit side input terminal;The
The end diode of two rows and the 4th row's PIN diode is electrically connected with the second impedance inverter circuit other side input terminal;External electrical
Source is electrically connected to the anode of the head end diode of first row and third row's PIN diode through inductance respectively;First voltage is to electric current
The input terminal of conversion circuit and second voltage to current converter circuit is electrically connected to second row and the 4th row PIN bis- through inductance respectively
The cathode of the end diode of pole pipe.PIN diode array circuit is the core of bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator, wherein D11,
D12 ..., the total n diode of D1n and C1, C2 capacitor form first row, D21, D22 ..., the total n diode of D2n and C3, C4 it is electric
Hold composition second row, D31, D32 ..., the total n diode of D3n and C5, C6 capacitor form third and arrange, D41, D42 ..., the total n of D4n
A diode and C7, C8 capacitor form the 4th row;Every concatenated capacitor of row for isolated DC control signal, inductance L1, L3,
L4, L6 avoid shunting radiofrequency signal, and influence control signal for radiofrequency signal to be isolated;Inductance L2, L5 are straight for being isolated
Concatenated two rows of radiofrequency signals are flowed, two rows of radiofrequency signals is avoided to interact;CP1, CP2 are used for power filter, and reduce radio frequency
Influence of the signal to control signal.
As shown in figure 3, voltage conditioning circuit includes the first operational amplifier, negative input is through resistance Ri2 and output
End electrical connection, negative input connect External Control Voltage through resistance Ri1, and electrode input end meets input voltage VP1 through resistance Ri4,
Electrode input end is grounded through resistance Ri3.Conditioning circuit includes third operational amplifier to voltage again, and negative input is through resistance
RD6 is electrically connected with output end, and negative input connects voltage conditioning circuit output end through resistance RD5, and electrode input end is through resistance RD8
Input voltage VP2 is met, electrode input end is grounded through resistance RD7.Conditioning circuit is all based on fortune again for voltage conditioning circuit and voltage
Linearity of amplifier computing circuit is calculated, input voltage VP1, VP2 are the output voltages that operational amplifier is raised for first and third.
Resistance Ri1-Ri4, RD5-RD8 foundation needs to choose.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, first voltage to current converter circuit includes four-operational amplifier and field effect transistor
N2;Its negative input is electrically connected through resistance RD10 with output end, and negative input through resistance RD9 connects voltage, and conditioning circuit is defeated again
Outlet, electrode input end meet input voltage VP3 through resistance RD10, and electrode input end is grounded through resistance RD11;Its output end and field
The grid of effect triode N2 is electrically connected;The drain electrode of field effect transistor N2 and the output end of PIN diode array circuit are electrically connected
It connects;The source electrode of field effect transistor N2 is electrically connected with the first sectional linear fitting circuit.Second voltage is to current converter circuit packet
Include second operational amplifier and field effect transistor N1;Its negative input is electrically connected through resistance RD2 with output end, cathode input
End connects voltage conditioning circuit output end through resistance RD1, and electrode input end connects input voltage VP3, electrode input end warp through resistance RD4
Resistance RD3 ground connection;Its output end is electrically connected with the grid of field effect transistor N1;The drain electrode of field effect transistor N12 and PIN bis-
The output end of pole pipe array circuit is electrically connected;The source electrode of field effect transistor N1 is electrically connected with the second sectional linear fitting circuit.
Two voltages are used for the electric current for being converted into preceding step voltage to need, their structure and circuit parameter one to current converter circuit
It causes, is formed based on operational amplifier linear calculating circuit and field effect transistor circuit, operational amplifier linear calculating circuit mentions
For the gate source voltage of field-effect tube, the variation of the variation control field-effect tube drain-source current of gate source voltage, to be radio circuit
Middle PIN diode array provides the bias current of variation, and wherein input voltage VP3 is for raising second and four-operational amplifier
Output voltage.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the first sectional linear fitting circuit includes M parallel branch, and every branch is provided with one
A resistance, the resistance of each branch are in series with 0 to M-1 diode respectively;The anode of above-mentioned diode meets effect triode N2
Source electrode;The minus earth of above-mentioned diode., the second sectional linear fitting circuit includes M parallel branch, and every branch is all provided with
It is equipped with a resistance, the resistance of each branch is in series with 0 to M-1 diode respectively;The anode of above-mentioned diode connects effect three
The source electrode of pole pipe N1;The minus earth of above-mentioned diode.Two sectional linear fitting circuits are used for field-effect tube drain-source current
It is adjusted to segmentation linear current, realizes the better impedance matching of radio circuit, lower non-linear distortion.First and second segmentations
Linear fit circuit is made of a plurality of parallel branch, wherein a branch road only has resistance, branch routing resistance string connection in addition
The diode of different number forms, and changes electric current with the variable slope of control voltage for being segmented.There are 4 branch in parallel in embodiment
Road, the number of diodes of the branch of series diode are 1,2,3 respectively.The interface OUTA of control circuit and radio circuit and
OUTB can be exchanged according to radio circuit to bipolarity requirement.
It is worth noting that, also can be realized bipolarity electricity tune using different control circuits in different applications
The control of attenuator.Thus, according to the attenuator that above-mentioned bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator structure designs, use different control electricity
Road, also should be within protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, bipolarity electrically controlled attenuator of the invention in addition to apply to adaptive radiation interference cancellation techniques field it
Outside, other occasion demands are also able to satisfy
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.