CN109479546A - A method of using dragon fruit as stock grafting schlumbergera - Google Patents
A method of using dragon fruit as stock grafting schlumbergera Download PDFInfo
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- CN109479546A CN109479546A CN201811582821.5A CN201811582821A CN109479546A CN 109479546 A CN109479546 A CN 109479546A CN 201811582821 A CN201811582821 A CN 201811582821A CN 109479546 A CN109479546 A CN 109479546A
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- stock
- schlumbergera
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention disclose it is a kind of using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, including selection no disease and pests harm, robust growth dragon fruit plant and remove the stem section that lower end is cut into flat mouth, be inserted into matrix cultivate 1~2 month survive after it is wooden as boring；Wedge type groove is formed along the center vascular bundle cut away boundary between muscles matter at 45 ° that cuts on stock outer diameter, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock；It selects annual dark green healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm and the schlumbergera spray with caulody is as scion, the lower part two sides of scion are whittled into wedge type and expose the center vascular bundle of white；By in the lower part wedge type bevel for the schlumbergera scion handled well all wedge type groove of wedging dragon fruit stock, then fixation is allowed to non-loosening of combining closely；By the plant grafted shading and wound is kept away water contact two weeks, and grafting loses scion atrophy for one week can then apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.The present invention has the characteristics that easy to operate, high graft survival rate, disease resistance are strong, the florescence is long.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flower cultivating technical fields, and in particular to a kind of easy to operate, high graft survival rate, disease resistance
By force, the florescence it is long using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera.
Background technique
Dragon fruit is that the perennial climber meat of Cactaceae (Cactaceae) triangular prism category (Hylocereua) is planted
Object originates in the torrid zone desert area of the Central America such as Brazil, belongs to typical tropical plants, because its fruit appearance has soft scale such as dragon
It is rolled up outside shape, therefore claims dragon fruit also known as Hylocereus undatus, pitaya fruit, the fiery beautiful jade of China to strangle, dirty pigtail grass.
Schlumbergera (scientific name: Zygocactustrumcatus(Haw) k.schum.) it is that Cactaceae Zygocactus is grown nonparasitically upon another plant meat
Matter plant also known as Christmas cactus, lin truncactus and celestial being refer to flower.The stem pendency of schlumbergera is in nodular, is peak green, newly goes out stipes band
Red, stem circle, easy lignifying, multi-branched, piercing on seat has seta, spends and is singly born at the top of stipes on thorn seat, two sides berry pyriform,
Florescence from October to the coming year 2 months；Brazil is originated in, China introduces, and there are cultivation in various regions, and global tropical, subtropical zone are cultivated, flower
Color have White Christmas it is white, without dazzling dancer etc.；The Christmas flame of yellow, Jin Mei, orange peace are special, the Ma Duojia of purple；Pink colour
Camilla Christmas illusion etc..
Currently, the breeding of schlumbergera generally uses cuttage, grafting or culture medium cultivating method.Wherein, cuttage due to
Easy to operate, in actual production using more, but since schlumbergera itself root system is undeveloped, the plant strain growth after cuttage is special
Slowly, flowering time postponement is often led to, quantity of blooming is also seldom, and single plant can only output same breed and color
Flower, ornamental value is insufficient, and furthermore the Resistance of seedling of cutting propagation is poor, and disease is serious, low output.Culture medium cultivating method is although numerous
Grow that fast, character is unified, but the problem of that there is also early investments is high, single plant assortment list one.In the prior art, schlumbergera also has logical
It crosses and grafts in the stocks of the fleshiness such as cactus with globular, cactus and achieve the effect that one plant of multi items pattern, but since grafting procedures are numerous
It is trivial, and because cactus with globular meat is thicker, xylem of the schlumbergera scion far from stock is often led to, to be difficult to obtain enough
Nutrition and cause grafting after survival rate is not high, spend less and the florescence is short.Although also having using the stock of other few meat and grafting crab claw
Orchid is not only grafted at high cost but also complicated for operation to solve the above problems, but since stock source limits；In addition, due to anvil
Wood is difficult to compatible with schlumbergera scion, and it is not high and bloom that quantity is few, the florescence is short after surviving to also result in survival rate.
Summary of the invention
It is insufficient present on to solve, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate, high graft survival rate, resist
Sick ability is strong, florescence length using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: cultivating including stock, stock processing, scion processing, grafting, final management and maintenance
Step specifically includes:
A, stock is cultivated: selection no disease and pests harm, the dragon fruit plant of robust growth or the plant with branch remove stem section from plant
And stem section lower end is cut into flat mouth, and it is inserted into matrix and cultivates 1~2 month, it is wooden as boring after surviving；
B, stock is handled: being selected the stock cultivated and is cut cut away boundary between muscles matter along center vascular bundle is at 45 ° on its inner diameter
Wedge type groove is formed, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock；
C, scion is handled: the annual dark green stalwartness of selection, no disease and pests harm and the schlumbergera spray with caulody are as scion, then
The lower part two sides of scion are whittled into wedge type and expose the center vascular bundle of white；
D, it grafts: the lower part wedge type bevel for the schlumbergera scion handled well all being wedged in the wedge type groove of dragon fruit stock, so
Fixation is allowed to non-loosening of combining closely afterwards；
E, final management and maintenance: by the plant grafted shading and wound keeps away water contact two weeks, and grafting loses scion atrophy then in one week
It can apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
The present invention is undeveloped according to schlumbergera itself root system, and plant strain growth is slow after cuttage, flowering time is postponed, number of blooming
Amount is few, and survival rate is not high after grafting, spends less and florescence short problem, using dragon fruit plant strain growth is vigorous and antiviral energy
The strong feature of power is cultivated and is handled by using individual dragon fruit stock, using schlumbergera as scion, in same strain flue stem
Graft the schlumbergera of different patterns, different cultivars in section or on branch that the upper and lower, left and right of stem section are different, schlumbergera can be from
Moisture and inorganic salts are sufficiently obtained in the center vascular bundle of dragon fruit plant, to enhance the resistance and adaptation of grafting schlumbergera
Property, expand planting range, improve resistant to diseases and insects, can in a limited space in, in different height, in different orientation,
It enjoys the beauty of unlimited fresh flower while improving the disease-resistant plain ability of schlumbergera.Through testing, the present invention grafting after schlumbergera at
Motility rate be greater than 95%, can blooming period prolonging 1~2 month or so and pattern it is more gorgeous.Therefore, the present invention have it is easy to operate, transfer
Connect the feature that high survival rate, disease resistance are strong, the florescence is long.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below, but the present invention is limited in any way, based on the present invention
It is any made by introduction to transform or replace, it all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
The present invention includes specifically including including stock cultivation, stock processing, scion processing, grafting, final management and maintenance step:
A, stock is cultivated: selection no disease and pests harm, the dragon fruit plant of robust growth or the plant with branch remove stem section from plant
And stem section lower end is cut into flat mouth, and it is inserted into matrix and cultivates 1~2 month, it is wooden as boring after surviving；
B, stock is handled: being selected the stock cultivated and is cut cut away boundary between muscles matter along center vascular bundle is at 45 ° on its inner diameter
Wedge type groove is formed, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock；
C, scion is handled: the annual dark green stalwartness of selection, no disease and pests harm and the schlumbergera spray with caulody are as scion, then
The lower part two sides of scion are whittled into wedge type and expose the center vascular bundle of white；
D, it grafts: the lower part wedge type bevel for the schlumbergera scion handled well all being wedged in the wedge type groove of dragon fruit stock, so
Fixation is allowed to non-loosening of combining closely afterwards；
E, final management and maintenance: by the plant grafted shading and wound keeps away water contact two weeks, and grafting loses scion atrophy then in one week
It can apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
Dragon fruit stem section diameter in the step A is 3~6cm and height is 30~80cm.
Height of the dragon fruit stem section when grafting one layer of schlumbergera in the step A is 30~50cm, in two layers of grafting
Height when schlumbergera is 60~80cm, and each graft layer of the dragon fruit stem section at least grafts a schlumbergera scion.
The schlumbergera scion of the dragon fruit stem section grafting at least two different patterns, different cultivars.
The thorn seat in dragon fruit stem section is all castrated in the step A and is removed, then impregnates 1min with 600 times of carbendazim solutions
And basin culture is inserted into sandy loam or directly gone up after drying 20~25h.
Stems of dragon fruits section is inserted into coco bran or sandy loam or basin in the step A, in shading rate 50~60%, matrix
Field capacity 40~60% is cultivated 1~2 month under conditions of 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature.
The 15-15- that dragon fruit stem section in the step A is in the training period 0.1~1% every 5~7 days spray concentration
15 compound fertilizers or 17-17-17 compound fertilizer aqueous solution.The length of schlumbergera scion is 3~6cm or 2~4 sections in the step C.
The edge of a knife under the edge of a knife, stock under grafting knife, scion is disinfected with 75% alcohol in the step B and step C,
The alcohol disinfecting outside interface with 75% is handled after being grafted in the D step.
The lunge or bamboo stick, toothpick that cactus is taken in the D step are fixed after sterilizing also cross scion and stock.
The plant grafted in the E step is supported under conditions of shading rate 50~60%, 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature
Shield, and do not water grafting in latter week, keep field capacity 40~60% after a week and to avoid water from entering in watering
Graft wound.
Embodiment 1
1, prepare medium size and small size section of paper knife, scalpel, 75% medicinal alcohol, medical cotton stick.
2, select no disease and pests harm, robust growth and diameter for the dragon fruit plant of 3~6cm or with the plant of branch, from plant
On remove the stem section of 30~50cm and stem section lower end be cut into flat mouth, the thorn seat in dragon fruit stem section is all castrated and is removed, is then inserted
Enter in sandy loam and cultivates 1~2 month, it is wooden as boring after surviving.
3, it selects the stock cultivated and has confirmed graft union position, dip 75% medicinal alcohol to grafting with medical cotton stick
Then mouthful position and scalpel disinfection cut cut away boundary between muscles with scalpel along center vascular bundle is at 45 ° on graft union position
Matter forms wedge type groove, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock.
4, it selects annual dark green healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm and 3~6cm of schlumbergera spray with caulody is as scion, use
Medical cotton stick dips 75% medicinal alcohol to lower knife-edge positions and cuts the disinfection of paper knife, then uses and cuts paper knife for the lower part two sides of scion
It is whittled into wedge type and exposes the center vascular bundle of white.
5, the lower part wedge type bevel for the schlumbergera scion handled well is all wedged in the wedge type groove of dragon fruit stock, then
It is fixed with the cactus lunge sterilized through 75% medicinal alcohol also cross scion and stock and is allowed to non-loosening of combining closely,
It is disinfected outside interface with 75% medicinal alcohol.
6, the plant grafted is shaded to reduce moisture evaporation, wound keeps away water contact two weeks, and grafts in latter week
Without watering, grafting loses scion atrophy after a week can then apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
Schlumbergera survival rate after grafting is up to 96.8%, florescence from early October to coming year late March.
Embodiment 2
1, prepare medium size and small size section of paper knife, scalpel, 75% medicinal alcohol, medical cotton stick.
2, select no disease and pests harm, robust growth and diameter for the dragon fruit plant of 3~6cm or with the plant of branch, from plant
On remove the stem section of 60~80cm and stem section lower end be cut into flat mouth, the thorn seat in dragon fruit stem section is all castrated and is removed, is then used
600 times of carbendazim solutions impregnate 1min and are inserted into coco bran after drying 25h, in shading rate 50~60%, matrix field capacity
40~60%, it cultivates 1~2 month under conditions of 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature, in the training period every 5~7 days spray concentration
It is wooden as boring after surviving for 0.4~0.7% 15-15-15 compound fertilizer aqueous solution.
3, two layers of graft union is arranged in the stock and 20~30cm of interval that selection cultivates, and it is medical to dip 75% with medical cotton stick
Alcohol sterilizes graft union position and scalpel, is then cut with scalpel on graft union position along center vascular bundle is at 45 °
Cut away boundary between muscles matter forms wedge type groove, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock.
4, select healthy and strong annual same kind, the viridescent of different patterns, no disease and pests harm and schlumbergera with caulody tender
2~3 sections of branch dip 75% medicinal alcohol to the lower knife-edge positions of lower part with medical cotton stick and cut the disinfection of paper knife, then as scion
The lower part two sides of scion are whittled into wedge type with section paper knife and expose the center vascular bundle of white.
5, all two layers of wedging dragon fruit stock respectively by the lower part wedge type bevel for the different schlumbergera scion handled well
In wedge type groove, then it is fixed with the bamboo stick sterilized through 75% medicinal alcohol also cross scion and stock and is allowed to combine closely
Non-loosening, interface outside are disinfected with 75% medicinal alcohol.
6, the plant grafted is conserved under conditions of shading rate 50~60%, 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature, and
It grafts and does not water in latter week, keep field capacity 40~60% after a week and notice that wound keeps away water contact two weeks, grafting
Loseing scion atrophy after a week can then apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
Schlumbergera survival rate after grafting is up to 97.3%, florescence from early September to coming year late March.
Embodiment 3
1, prepare medium size and small size section of paper knife, scalpel, 75% medicinal alcohol, medical cotton stick.
2, select no disease and pests harm, robust growth and diameter for the dragon fruit plant of 3~6cm or with the plant of branch, from plant
On remove the stem section of 30~50cm and stem section lower end be cut into flat mouth, the thorn seat in dragon fruit stem section is all castrated and is removed, is then used
600 times of carbendazim solutions impregnate 1min and are inserted into the sandy loam in basin after drying 20h, in shading rate 50~60%, matrix field
Between specific retention 40~60%, cultivate 1~2 month under conditions of 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature, in the training period every 5~7 days
The 17-17-17 compound fertilizer aqueous solution that concentration is 0.1~0.3% is sprayed, it is wooden as boring after surviving.
3, selection cultivates handy medical cotton stick and dips 75% medicinal alcohol to graft union position and scalpel disinfection, then exists
Cut away boundary between muscles matter is cut with scalpel form wedge type groove along center vascular bundle is at 45 °, and make wedge type groove depth on graft union position
Up to the center vascular bundle of stock.
4, it selects annual dark green healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm and 3~4 section of schlumbergera spray with caulody is as scion, use
Medical cotton stick dips 75% medicinal alcohol to the lower knife-edge positions of lower part and cuts the disinfection of paper knife, then will be under scion with a section paper knife
Portion two sides are whittled into wedge type and expose the center vascular bundle of white.
5, the lower part wedge type bevel for the schlumbergera scion handled well is all wedged in the wedge type groove of dragon fruit stock, then
It is fixed with the toothpick sterilized through 75% medicinal alcohol also cross scion and stock and is allowed to non-loosening of combining closely, outside interface
It is disinfected with 75% medicinal alcohol in portion.
6, the plant grafted is conserved under conditions of shading rate 50~60%, 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature, and
It grafts and does not water in latter week, keep field capacity 40~60% after a week and notice that wound keeps away water contact two weeks, grafting
Loseing scion atrophy after a week can then apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
Schlumbergera survival rate after grafting is up to 97.8%, and the florescence is from mid-September to mid-March in the coming year.
Embodiment 4
1, prepare medium size and small size section of paper knife, scalpel, 75% medicinal alcohol, medical cotton stick.
3, select no disease and pests harm, robust growth and diameter for the dragon fruit plant of 3~6cm or with the plant of branch, from plant
On remove the stem section of 60~80cm and stem section lower end be cut into flat mouth, the thorn seat in dragon fruit stem section is all castrated and is removed, is then used
600 times of carbendazim solutions impregnate 1min and are inserted into sandy loam after drying 23h, in shading rate 50~60%, matrix field water holding
Rate 40~60% is cultivated under conditions of 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature 1~2 month, dense every 5~7 days sprays in the training period
The 15-15-15 compound fertilizer aqueous solution that degree is 0.7~1%, it is wooden as boring after surviving.
3, two layers of graft union is arranged in the stock and 20~30cm of interval that selection cultivates, and it is medical to dip 75% with medical cotton stick
Alcohol sterilizes graft union position and scalpel, is then cut with scalpel on graft union position along center vascular bundle is at 45 °
Cut away boundary between muscles matter forms wedge type groove, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock.
4, select healthy and strong annual different cultivars, the viridescent of same pattern, no disease and pests harm and schlumbergera with caulody tender
2~3 sections of branch dip 75% medicinal alcohol to the lower knife-edge positions of lower part with medical cotton stick and cut the disinfection of paper knife, then as scion
The lower part two sides of scion are whittled into wedge type with section paper knife and expose the center vascular bundle of white.
5, all two layers of wedging dragon fruit stock respectively by the lower part wedge type bevel for the different schlumbergera scion handled well
In wedge type groove, then it is fixed with the cactus lunge sterilized through 75% medicinal alcohol also cross scion and stock and is allowed to tight
Close combination non-loosening, interface outside are disinfected with 75% medicinal alcohol.
6, the plant grafted is conserved under conditions of shading rate 50~60%, 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature, and
It grafts and does not water in latter week, keep field capacity 40~60% after a week and notice that wound keeps away water contact two weeks, grafting
Loseing scion atrophy after a week can then apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
Schlumbergera survival rate after grafting is up to 96.4%, and the florescence is from mid-September to coming year late March.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that cultivated including stock, stock processing, scion
Processing, grafting, final management and maintenance step, specifically include:
A, stock is cultivated: selection no disease and pests harm, the dragon fruit plant of robust growth or the plant with branch remove stem section from plant
And stem section lower end is cut into flat mouth, and it is inserted into matrix and cultivates 1~2 month, it is wooden as boring after surviving；
B, stock is handled: being selected the stock cultivated and is cut cut away boundary between muscles matter along center vascular bundle is at 45 ° on its inner diameter
Wedge type groove is formed, and makes wedge type groove as deep as the center vascular bundle of stock；
C, scion is handled: the annual dark green stalwartness of selection, no disease and pests harm and the schlumbergera spray with caulody are as scion, then
The lower part two sides of scion are whittled into wedge type and expose the center vascular bundle of white；
D, it grafts: the lower part wedge type bevel for the schlumbergera scion handled well all being wedged in the wedge type groove of dragon fruit stock, so
Fixation is allowed to non-loosening of combining closely afterwards；
E, final management and maintenance: by the plant grafted shading and wound keeps away water contact two weeks, and grafting loses scion atrophy then in one week
It can apply fertilizer in right amount after grafting 10 days.
2. according to claim 1 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that in the step A
Dragon fruit stem section diameter is 3~6cm and height is 30~80cm.
3. according to claim 2 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that in the step A
Height of the dragon fruit stem section when grafting one layer of schlumbergera is 30~50cm, height when graft two layers of schlumbergera for 60~
80cm, each graft layer of the dragon fruit stem section at least graft a schlumbergera scion.
4. according to claim 1 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that will in the step A
Thorn seat in dragon fruit stem section, which is all castrated, to be removed, and insertion is husky after then being impregnated 1min with 600 times of carbendazim solutions and dried 20~25h
In loam or directly upper basin culture.
5. according to claim 1 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that the step A moderate heat
In imperial stem end section insertion coco bran or sandy loam or basin, in shading rate 50~60%, matrix field capacity 40~60%, day
It is cultivated 1~2 month under conditions of 20~30 DEG C of temperature on average.
6. according to claim 5 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that in the step A
Dragon fruit stem section is multiple for 0.1~1% 15-15-15 compound fertilizer or 17-17-17 every 5~7 days spray concentration in the training period
Hefei aqueous solution.
7. according to claim 1 to described in 6 any one using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that institute
The length for stating schlumbergera scion in step C is 3~6cm or 2~4 sections.
8. according to claim 7 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that the step B and C
The edge of a knife under the edge of a knife, stock under grafting knife, scion is disinfected with 75% alcohol in step, is docked after being grafted in the D step
Mouth is external to be handled with 75% alcohol disinfecting.
9. according to claim 7 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that taken in the D step
Lunge or bamboo stick, the toothpick of cactus are fixed after sterilizing also cross scion and stock.
10. according to claim 7 using dragon fruit as the method for stock grafting schlumbergera, it is characterised in that in the E step
The plant grafted conserves under conditions of shading rate 50~60%, 20~30 DEG C of daily mean temperature, and is grafting in latter week
It does not water, keep field capacity 40~60% after a week and to avoid water from entering grafting wound in watering.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114946433A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 昆明市艾瓯尼娅园艺科技有限责任公司 | A method for grafting and propagation of succulents of the genus Banjin Variant |
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| US20110154543A1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-23 | Gyeonggi-Do | Method of cultivating grafted cactus (gymnocalycium mihanovichii) cultivar "yellow top" and the grafted cactus cultivated thereby |
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| CN114946433A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 昆明市艾瓯尼娅园艺科技有限责任公司 | A method for grafting and propagation of succulents of the genus Banjin Variant |
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