CN109449579B - Omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna - Google Patents
Omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109449579B CN109449579B CN201811249575.1A CN201811249575A CN109449579B CN 109449579 B CN109449579 B CN 109449579B CN 201811249575 A CN201811249575 A CN 201811249575A CN 109449579 B CN109449579 B CN 109449579B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a novel flat antenna for omnidirectional and wide-beam radiation, which comprises a printed circuit board substrate, a feed source, a flat antenna upper arm, a flat antenna lower arm, a flat antenna left arm and a flat antenna right arm, wherein the feed source is arranged at the center of the printed circuit board substrate; the invention has the characteristics of ground section, simplicity, easy realization and the like, and the wide beam characteristic of the 3dB beam with the angle larger than 128 degrees can cover all E surfaces of 360 degrees, thus having strong applicability to the LoRa antenna needing remote communication transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a novel omnidirectional wide-beam radiating panel antenna.
Background
The LoRa technology is an ultra-long distance wireless transmission scheme based on a spread spectrum technology and is applied to long distance transmission application in an industrial chain of the Internet of things. The LoRa end node may be various devices commonly used in life such as a water meter, gas meter, smoke alarm, etc. Because the LoRa network networking cost is low, a small-sized private network can be built by a plurality of enterprises by utilizing the LoRa technology, and each terminal node is connected with the back-end gateway by utilizing the network architecture of the star topology structure. The LoRa technology is mainly aimed at long-range communication, and all terminal nodes communicate bidirectionally, so that the design of the omni-directional wide-beam antenna is particularly important in the design planning of the LoRa communication network equipment. Conventional wide beam antennas are implemented in three ways. The first is realized by adopting a common dipole, the antenna cannot realize full E-direction wide beam, and only a 3dB beam angle is larger than 120 DEG at a certain section. The second type is realized by adopting a microstrip antenna, and in view of 915MHz being a low-frequency band, the wavelength is longer, and the total volume of the antenna is generally reduced by adopting a ceramic dielectric substrate. The ceramic dielectric substrate is relatively expensive and has relatively high dielectric loss. The third mode is realized by adopting a four-arm spiral mode or a multi-vertical antenna array similar to the four-arm spiral mode, and although the 3dB wave beam width of the antenna can reach 120 DEG omni-directional wide wave beams, the antenna cannot realize ground profile, the required height is higher, and a feed network with complex design and large occupied area is required. The invention designs the omnidirectional wide-beam flat-plate antenna with the LoRa 915MHz frequency band, and the antenna is designed in a unique special-shaped four-arm dipole mode, so that the simple design of the ground section of the antenna can be realized. The omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna designed by the invention can be realized by a single-sided PCB (printed circuit board), has a low profile, is easy to realize and has strong practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an omnidirectional wide beam panel antenna with a LoRa 915MHz frequency band, which adopts a unique special-shaped four-arm dipole form design and can realize simple design of the ground section of the antenna. The omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna designed by the invention can be realized by a single-sided PCB (printed circuit board), has a low profile, is easy to realize and has strong practicability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the omnidirectional wide-beam flat-panel antenna is designed to comprise a printed circuit board substrate, a feed source, a flat-panel antenna upper arm, a flat-panel antenna lower arm, a flat-panel antenna left arm and a flat-panel antenna right arm, wherein the feed source is arranged at the center of the printed circuit board substrate; the flat antenna upper arm and the flat antenna lower arm are in central symmetry, and form a half triangular cone dipole antenna resonance radiation area together, the flat antenna upper arm comprises a first extension band, a first triangular radiation area and a first feed band, the first feed band is in a long strip shape, one end of the first feed band is connected with a feed source, the other end of the first feed band is connected with the first triangular radiation area, the outer side of the first triangular radiation area is connected with the first extension band, the flat antenna left arm and the flat antenna right arm are in central symmetry, and form a half square dipole antenna resonance radiation area together, the flat antenna left arm comprises a first ladder square radiation area, a first coupling band, a third feed band and a first matching band, the third feed band is arranged on the left side of the feed source and deviates from the central position, the left side of the third feed band is connected with the first ladder square radiation area and the right side of the feed source, the first coupling band is arranged between the first ladder square radiation area and the flat antenna upper arm, and the matching band is arranged on one side of the feed source.
Preferably, the first feed strip is used as a feed microstrip line of an upper arm of the panel antenna, the length of the first feed strip is about 0.35 lambda, the feed source is connected with the first triangular radiation area, and the width of the first feed strip is narrow and is used for pulling away the distance from the left arm of the left panel antenna, so that the mutual coupling of currents is prevented from influencing radiation.
Preferably, the first triangular radiation area is used as a main radiation area of an upper arm of the flat antenna, one end caliber of the inner side of the first triangular radiation area is small and is connected with the first feed band, the caliber of the outer side of the first triangular radiation area is gradually widened, and the triangular structure with the wider caliber is utilized to increase the radiation performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the first extension band is used as a main radiation area of an upper arm of the flat antenna, so as to achieve the purpose of extending the triangular radiation area, lambda/2 dipole radiation is realized in a small diameter range by utilizing an L-shaped bending structure, and the lengths of the left extension branch and the right extension branch of the first extension band can be used for averagely tuning each E-plane radiation, so that an omnidirectional effect is achieved.
Preferably, the third feed strip is used as a feed microstrip line of the left arm of the panel antenna, has short length, connects the feed source and the first stepped square radiation area, and is used for tuning current flow direction and regulating and controlling the antenna pattern.
Preferably, the first stepped square radiating area is used as a main radiating area of the left arm of the panel antenna, and the first stepped square radiating area adopts a stepped square structure which is wider before narrower.
Preferably, the first coupling strip is located between the first stepped square radiating area and the upper arm of the planar antenna, and is used for enhancing mutual current coupling and tuning the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the first matching strip is located on one side of the feed source, and the impedance matching performance at the feed port is improved by using narrow-gap capacitive coupling, so that the impedance is matched to be close to 50 ohm port impedance.
Preferably, the feed source is used as an antenna feed port, provides a signal source and radiation energy for the antenna, and is a coaxial line or SMA feed port.
The invention realizes the special-shaped four-arm dipole structure by utilizing the triangular cone-shaped and ladder-shaped square structure, and improves the radiation performance of the antenna by proper coupling bands and matching bands, thereby realizing the omnidirectional wide beam design of the antenna; the invention has the characteristics of ground section, simplicity, easy realization and the like, and the wide beam characteristic of the 3dB beam with the angle larger than 128 degrees can cover all E surfaces of 360 degrees, thus having strong applicability to the LoRa antenna needing remote communication transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of return loss of an antenna according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the antenna efficiency of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a 3D apple graph of the present invention at a frequency of 915 MHz;
FIG. 6 is a 2D pattern of each E-plane of the present invention at 915MHz frequency;
The figure indicates:
The antenna comprises a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), a feed source (2), a first extension band (3), a second extension band (4), a first triangular radiating area (5), a second triangular radiating area (6), a first feed band (7), a second feed band (8), a first stepped square radiating area (9), a second stepped square radiating area (10), a first coupling band (11), a second coupling band (12), a third feed band (13), a fourth feed band (14), a first matching band (15), a second matching band (16), a 17 flat antenna upper arm, a 18 flat antenna lower arm, a 19 flat antenna left arm and a 20 flat antenna right arm.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are given for illustrating the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna of the present invention comprises: printed circuit board base plate (1), feed (2), first extension area (3), second extension area (4), first triangle radiation district (5), second triangle radiation district (6), first feed area (7), second feed area (8), first ladder square radiation district (9), second ladder square radiation district (10), first coupling area (11), second coupling area (12), third feed area (13), fourth feed area (14), first matching area (15), second matching area (16), panel antenna upper arm (17), panel antenna lower arm (18), panel antenna left arm (19), panel antenna right arm (20). Wherein the flat antenna upper arm (17) comprises a first extension strip (3), a first triangular radiation area (5), a first feed strip (7); wherein the panel antenna lower arm (18) comprises a second extension band (4), a second triangular radiation area (6) and a second feed band (8); wherein the panel antenna left arm (19) comprises a first stepped square radiating area (9), a first coupling strip (11), a third feed strip (13), a first matching strip (15); wherein the right arm (20) of the panel antenna comprises a second stepped square radiating area (10), a second coupling strip (12), a fourth feed strip (14), and a second matching strip (16). The novel omnidirectional wide-beam flat antenna radiator is composed of a flat antenna upper arm (17), a flat antenna lower arm (18), a flat antenna left arm (19) and a flat antenna right arm (20) which are both positioned on a printed circuit board substrate (1) and together with a feed source (2), and is shown in figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 is a top view of an omnidirectional wide-beam flat-panel antenna printed circuit board, and fig. 2 is a distribution diagram of four large special-shaped radiation arms of the antenna. The omnidirectional wide-beam flat-panel antenna system specifically comprises a printed circuit board substrate (1), a feed source (2), a flat-panel antenna upper arm (17), a flat-panel antenna lower arm (18), a flat-panel antenna left arm (19), a flat-panel antenna right arm (20) and the like.
The printed circuit board substrate (1) can be Fr4 or other common printed circuit board substrate materials.
The feed source (2) is used as an antenna feed port for providing signal source and radiation energy for the antenna, and can be in any feed port form such as coaxial line, SMA and the like.
The upper arm (17) of the flat antenna, the lower arm (18) of the flat antenna is two of four main body parts of the antenna, the two parts are in central symmetry, and the triangular conical dipole antenna resonant radiation area of the half parts is formed together. The material can be common metal materials such as copper, aluminum, ag and the like.
The first feed band (7), the second feed band (8) are respectively used as the feed microstrip line of the upper arm (17) of the panel antenna and the lower arm (18) of the panel antenna, the two parts are in a central symmetry relationship, the length of the feed band is about 0.35 lambda, the feed band is connected with the first triangular radiation area (5) and the second triangular radiation area (6) and two main radiation triangular radiation areas. The width is narrower, so that the distance from the left arm (19) of the left panel antenna can be pulled, and the mutual coupling of current is prevented from affecting radiation.
The first triangular radiation area (5) and the second triangular radiation area (6) are respectively used as main radiation areas of the upper arms (17) and the lower arms (18) of the flat antenna, the two parts are in a central symmetry relationship, and the radiation performance of the antenna is improved by utilizing the triangular structure with wider and wider calibers.
Printed circuit board substrate (1), feed (2), first extension strip (3), second extension strip (4), first triangular radiation area (5), second triangular radiation area (6), first feed strip (7), second feed strip (8), first stepped square radiation area (9), second stepped square radiation area (10), first coupling strip (11), second coupling strip (12), third feed strip (13), fourth feed strip (14), first matching strip (15), second matching strip (16), flat antenna upper arm (17), flat antenna lower arm (18), flat antenna left arm (19), flat antenna right arm (20)
The first extension band (3) and the second extension band (4) are respectively used as main radiation areas of an upper arm (17) and a lower arm (18) of the panel antenna, the two parts are in a central symmetry relationship, the purpose of extending a triangular radiation area is achieved, lambda/2 dipole radiation is realized in a small diameter range by utilizing an L bending technology, and the lengths of left extension branch and the right extension branch of the lambda/2 dipole radiation can be evenly tuned to each E-plane radiation, so that an omnidirectional effect is achieved.
The left arm (19) of the flat antenna, the right arm (20) of the flat antenna is two of four main body parts of the antenna, the two parts are in central symmetry, and the two parts form a square dipole antenna resonance radiation area of the half part together. The material can be common metal materials such as copper, aluminum, ag and the like.
The third feed strip (13) and the fourth feed strip (14) are respectively used as feed microstrip lines of a left arm (19) and a right arm (20) of the panel antenna, the two parts are in a central symmetry relationship, the lengths of the feed strip and the feed strip are shorter, and the feed strip is connected with the first ladder square radiation area (9) and the second ladder square radiation area (10). The position is slightly deviated from the center position, mainly for tuning the current flow direction and adjusting the antenna pattern.
The first ladder square radiation area (9) and the second ladder square radiation area (10) are respectively used as main radiation areas of the left arm (19) and the right arm (20) of the panel antenna, and the two parts are in central symmetry relation. The large-area square structure is similar to the superposition of dipole structures in multiple angles, so that the wide beam radiation in multiple angles is easier to generate, and the overall radiation characteristic can be enhanced. The ladder square structure with the width first and the width slightly smaller is adopted, the overall directional diagram is regulated and controlled, and the omni-directional wide beam is conveniently realized.
The first coupling belt (11) and the second coupling belt (12) are respectively arranged between the first ladder square radiating area (9) and the upper arm (17) of the flat antenna and between the second ladder square radiating area (10) and the lower arm (18) of the flat antenna, and the two parts are in central symmetry. The antenna is used for enhancing mutual current coupling and tuning the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna.
The first matching strip (15) and the second matching strip (16) are positioned on two sides of the feed source (2). The narrow gap capacitive coupling is used to improve the impedance matching performance at the feed port to match approximately 50 ohm port impedance.
Fig. 3 and 4 are respectively an omni-directional wide beam antenna return loss diagram and an antenna efficiency diagram.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the return loss of the omnidirectional wide-beam antenna of the invention in the required range of 90 MHz-928 MHz broadband LoRa 915MHz is lower than-18 dB. The frequency range covers a wide band of LoRa 915MHz while having a very wide impedance bandwidth.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the radiation loss and the material dielectric loss of the omnidirectional wide-beam antenna are very small, and electromagnetic waves can be radiated efficiently in the required range of 90 MHz-928 MHz broadband LoRa 915 MHz.
Fig. 5 and 6 are respectively 3D apple diagrams and 2D directional diagrams of the E-plane of the omni-directional wide-beam antenna at 915MHz frequency point.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the omni-directional balance of the antenna in the wide beam characteristic is better, and the antenna gain is close to the classical symmetric dipole model gain.
As can be seen from fig. 6, each E-plane can realize a 3dB beam width pattern with an angle of 130 ° or more, and the wide beam characteristics are relatively good, and the omni-directional equalization of the wide beam characteristics is also relatively good.
Claims (9)
1. The omnidirectional wide-beam flat antenna comprises a printed circuit board substrate, a feed source, a flat antenna upper arm, a flat antenna lower arm, a flat antenna left arm and a flat antenna right arm, wherein the feed source is arranged at the center of the printed circuit board substrate;
The upper arm of the flat antenna and the lower arm of the flat antenna are in a central symmetry relationship and form a triangular cone-shaped dipole antenna resonance radiation area of a half part together, the upper arm of the flat antenna comprises a first extension band, a first triangular radiation area and a first feed band, the first feed band is in a long strip shape, one end of the first feed band is connected with a feed source, the other end of the first feed band is connected with the first triangular radiation area, and the outer side of the first triangular radiation area is connected with the first extension band;
The left arm of the flat antenna and the right arm of the flat antenna are in a central symmetry relationship and form a square dipole antenna resonance radiation area of a half part together, the left arm of the flat antenna comprises a first ladder square radiation area, a first coupling belt, a third feed belt and a first matching belt, the third feed belt is arranged on the left side of a feed source and deviates from the central position, the left side of the third feed belt is connected with the first ladder square radiation area, the right side of the third feed belt is connected with the feed source, the first coupling belt is arranged between the first ladder square radiation area and the upper arm of the flat antenna, and the matching belt is arranged on one side of the feed source; the upper arm of the flat antenna, the lower arm of the flat antenna, the left arm of the flat antenna and the right arm of the flat antenna are all positioned on the same surface of the printed circuit board substrate.
2. An omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first feed strip is a feed microstrip line for an upper arm of the panel antenna having a length of about 0.35 λ, connecting the feed with the first triangular radiating area, the first feed strip having a narrow width for pulling a distance from a left arm of the left panel antenna to prevent mutual coupling of currents to affect radiation.
3. The omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna of claim 1, wherein the first triangular radiating area is used as a main radiating area of an upper arm of the panel antenna, an inner side of the first triangular radiating area is small in caliber and connected with the first feed band, an outer side of the first triangular radiating area is gradually widened, and the radiating performance of the antenna is improved by using a triangular structure with wider caliber.
4. The omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna of claim 1, wherein the first extension band serves as a main radiation area of an upper arm of the panel antenna, serves as an extension triangular radiation area, and utilizes an L-bend structure to realize λ/2 dipole radiation within a small diameter range, wherein the lengths of left and right extension branches can be tuned evenly to each E-plane radiation, so as to achieve an omni-directional effect.
5. An omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna according to claim 1, wherein the third feed strip is a short length feed microstrip line for the left arm of the panel antenna, connecting the feed with the first stepped square radiating region, and is located off-center for tuning the current flow direction for modulating the antenna pattern.
6. An omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first stepped square radiating area is a main radiating area of a left arm of the panel antenna, and the first stepped square radiating area has a stepped square structure with a width first and a width second.
7. An omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna according to claim 1, wherein a first coupling strip is positioned between the first stepped square radiating region and the upper arm of the panel antenna for enhancing mutual galvanic coupling for tuning the omni-directional radiating performance of the antenna.
8. An omni-directional wide-beam panel antenna as in claim 1, wherein the first matching strip is located on the feed side and uses narrow gap capacitive coupling to improve impedance matching at the feed port to match approximately 50 ohm port impedance.
9. An omni-directional wide beam panel antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feed source is an antenna feed port for providing a signal source and radiant energy to the antenna, and is a coaxial or SMA feed port.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811249575.1A CN109449579B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811249575.1A CN109449579B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Omnidirectional wide-beam panel antenna |
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| CN109449579A CN109449579A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| CN109449579B true CN109449579B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| AU2011201657A1 (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2011-05-12 | Andrew Llc | Wideband radiating elements |
| CN107240766A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of ultra wide band all-metal circular polarized antenna unit |
| CN207602782U (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-10 | 深圳市鼎耀科技有限公司 | A kind of horizontal omnidirectional antenna |
| CN108511923A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-07 | 太行通信股份有限公司 | A kind of sub- tri-band antenna of dual polarization crossed folded dipoles |
| CN209119342U (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-07-16 | 上海煜鹏通讯电子股份有限公司 | A kind of omnidirectional's broad beam plate aerial |
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2018
- 2018-10-25 CN CN201811249575.1A patent/CN109449579B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2011201657A1 (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2011-05-12 | Andrew Llc | Wideband radiating elements |
| CN107240766A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of ultra wide band all-metal circular polarized antenna unit |
| CN207602782U (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-10 | 深圳市鼎耀科技有限公司 | A kind of horizontal omnidirectional antenna |
| CN108511923A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-07 | 太行通信股份有限公司 | A kind of sub- tri-band antenna of dual polarization crossed folded dipoles |
| CN209119342U (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-07-16 | 上海煜鹏通讯电子股份有限公司 | A kind of omnidirectional's broad beam plate aerial |
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