CN109441851B - Fan blade based on electrostatic driving and hybrid driving method thereof - Google Patents
Fan blade based on electrostatic driving and hybrid driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109441851B CN109441851B CN201910040853.0A CN201910040853A CN109441851B CN 109441851 B CN109441851 B CN 109441851B CN 201910040853 A CN201910040853 A CN 201910040853A CN 109441851 B CN109441851 B CN 109441851B
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- driving
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0673—Battery powered
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fan blade based on electrostatic driving and a hybrid driving method thereof, wherein the fan blade is arranged on a rotating shaft, a shell is arranged around the fan blade, a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are arranged on the inner surface of the shell at intervals, the parts, close to the blade tips of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes, of the fan blade can conduct electricity, electrostatic fields are formed after voltages are applied to the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes, so that electrostatic force is generated, and the fan blade is driven to rotate by the electrostatic force. The electrostatic driving working voltage is higher, the working current is smaller, so that the energy consumption is less, the energy conversion rate is higher, and the output power of the electrostatic driving fan blade is further improved by adjusting the number of positive electrodes and negative electrodes to generate larger electrostatic force. The electrostatic drive can be used alone or in combination with the motor drive, thereby improving the operating conditions of the motor and achieving higher power density and energy conversion efficiency than a single drive source.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to fan blades, and more particularly, to a fan blade based on electrostatic driving and a hybrid driving method thereof.
Background
The fan blade has wide application in various fields, such as a rotary fan blade in the heat dissipation and cooling field and a propeller blade in the power propulsion field, and the high-speed rotation of the fan blade is utilized to drive fluid to move, so that the purposes of heat dissipation and cooling or driving force generation are achieved. The existing fan blade is generally driven by a motor, but the mechanism of the motor is complex and difficult to miniaturize, and the specific use requirement of miniature equipment is difficult to meet.
In the field of heat dissipation and cooling, a large amount of heat is often generated in the running process of the miniature electronic equipment, and the main cooling means is to utilize a cooling fan to perform air cooling and heat dissipation, and the cooling fan in the prior art mainly utilizes a motor to drive a fan blade to rotate so as to generate air flow, so that the electronic equipment and the air flow perform heat exchange, and the purpose of cooling is achieved. However, in the prior art, the motor for driving the cooling fan is limited by the working principle and is difficult to miniaturize, in order to meet the installation requirement of the motor, only the size of the fan blades is reduced, so that the motor occupies an excessive airflow area, the air discharge quantity of the cooling fan is limited, and the output power, noise reduction and heat dissipation effects are affected.
In the field of power propulsion, with the improvement of requirements of micro aircrafts on high maneuvering and long endurance performance, the power density and the energy conversion efficiency of a micro power device need to be improved. The existing micro-aircraft power device drives the propeller to rotate by using the traditional micro-motor, when the load of the propeller is increased, the interior of the micro-motor generates a large amount of heat due to the large increase of current, so that the energy conversion efficiency is greatly reduced, the power density cannot be improved, and even overheat burnout occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a fan blade based on electrostatic driving and a hybrid driving method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a fan blade based on electrostatic drive, the flabellum setting is provided with the shell around the fan blade in the pivot, a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrode of interval arrangement on the internal surface of shell, the flabellum is close to positive electrode, the tip department of negative electrode can electrically conduct, thereby through to the electrostatic field is produced to the electrostatic field that forms after applying voltage to positive electrode, negative electrode, utilizes electrostatic force drive the flabellum rotates.
Further, the radial distance between the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the fan blade is less than or equal to one fifth of the radial length of the fan blade.
Further, it is characterized in that: the positive electrode and the negative electrode are obliquely arranged towards the rotating direction of the fan blade, so that the fan blade rotates along a specific direction.
Further, it is characterized in that: the number of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is the same, and the output power of the electrostatically driven fan can be changed by adjusting the number of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes.
Furthermore, the fan blade takes an insulating material as a matrix, and a conductive coating is covered at the blade tip position.
Further, the surface of the fan blade is a three-dimensional aerodynamic curved surface.
Further, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are both in a convex tip shape.
A miniature electrostatic fan comprises the electrostatic drive-based fan blade.
The fan blade based on electrostatic driving comprises the fan blade based on electrostatic driving, and the external device further comprises a motor, a battery and a boost circuit, wherein the motor and the electrostatic force are used for jointly driving the fan blade to rotate at a high speed.
A mixed driving method of fan blades comprises the following steps:
(1) Mounting electrostatic drive-based fan blades on an output shaft of the motor;
(2) The battery is connected with the boost circuit to form a power supply module, and the power supply module can directly output low-voltage direct current by the battery or output high-voltage direct current by the boost circuit;
(3) Introducing the low-voltage direct current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the motor, and simultaneously introducing the high-voltage direct current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the fan blade;
(4) The power supply module adjusts the working states of the motor and the fan blades by controlling high-voltage direct current and low-voltage direct current so as to achieve the aim of hybrid driving.
The application has the following beneficial effects: the electrostatic driving working voltage is higher, the working current is smaller, so that the heat dissipation is small, and the energy conversion rate is higher; by adjusting the number of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes, larger electrostatic force can be generated, and the output power of the electrostatic driving fan blade is further improved. The electrostatic driving can be used alone or in combination with a conventional driving form, for example, a conventional motor is limited by a driving principle, and the energy conversion efficiency is greatly reduced when the rotation speed is increased to a certain extent, and at this time, if the hybrid driving method of the present application is introduced, the rotation speed of the motor can be further increased while improving the motor efficiency. In the fan blade hybrid driving method provided by the application, the motor and the electrostatic force are not simply superposed, but have a coupling relationship of mutual promotion and mutual enhancement: the motor provides a basic rotating speed for electrostatic driving, and the higher the basic rotating speed is, the better the electrostatic driving effect is; the electrostatic drive in turn can also improve the working environment of the motor, causing the motor to remain in an optimal working interval, thereby achieving the effect that 1+1 is much greater than 2. In other words, when the micro power device adopts the hybrid driving of the motor and the static electricity, compared with the traditional driving mode of singly adopting the motor, the amplification of the output power is not completely equal to the driving power of the introduced electrostatic force, and the factors of the motor that the energy conversion efficiency and the output power are greatly improved due to the introduction of the electrostatic force and the improvement of the working environment are also considered.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fan blade according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the driving principle of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The electrostatic driving principle is driven by utilizing electrostatic force, which is a rotating driving principle of a micro-electromechanical system that is practical earlier, the electrostatic force is attraction force and repulsive force between two charged bodies in the electrostatic field caused by carrying same or different charges, and the research of the micro-mechanical system has proved that: the conductor rotor can actively rotate at a high speed in the electrostatic field, the rotating speed can be up to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, no additional motor drive is needed, moreover, the electrostatic force is directly proportional to the secondary discharge of the linear dimension of the structure, and when the structure dimension is reduced, the electrostatic force is increased relative to the structure volume. Therefore, driving the micro-sized fan blades using electrostatic force is an important method for implementing the micro-sized heat dissipation fan and the micro-power device.
Example 1:
Referring to fig. 1, a fan blade 4 based on electrostatic driving is arranged on a rotating shaft, a housing 1 is arranged around the fan blade, the housing 1 is preferably in a circular shape, and a plurality of positive electrodes 2 and negative electrodes 3 are arranged on the inner surface of the housing 1 at intervals. Preferably, the preparation materials of the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are metal coatings, and the processing method is a spraying method; the material insulating material of the shell 1 is preferably light plastic, and the processing method is 3D printing or injection molding.
Referring to fig. 2, the fan blade 4 uses an insulating material as a matrix, and a conductive coating is covered on the blade tips of the fan blade 4 near the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3, preferably, the fan blade 4 is made of carbon fiber by a processing method of thermoplastic molding. According to the principle of electrostatic driving, electrostatic force is generated to drive the fan blades 4 to rotate by applying voltage to the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3, the surfaces of the fan blades 4 are three-dimensional pneumatic curved surfaces, and the fan blades 4 are driven by the electrostatic force and do not influence the pneumatic efficiency.
The radial distance between the positive electrode 2, the negative electrode 3 and the fan blade 4 (the distance along the linear direction of the radius of the annular shell 1) is less than or equal to one fifth of the radial length of the fan blade.
Furthermore, the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are both in raised tip shapes, and the raised directions of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are obliquely arranged towards the rotating direction of the fan blade 4, so that the fan blade rotates along a specific direction.
Furthermore, the input power sources of the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are high-voltage direct current, and the working voltage and the working current are relatively high, so that the energy consumption is low, and the capability conversion rate is relatively high. In addition, since the electrostatic driving fan needs to be mutually insulated between the blades 4, the larger the area of the conductive coating of the blade tip is, the larger the electrostatic force applied to the blades 4 is, but the too large area of the conductive coating can cause too small safety distance between the blades 4, and breakdown short circuit can occur under high voltage, so the area of the conductive coating is determined by the maximum working voltage of the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3.
Referring to fig. 3, the principle of electrostatic driving of the fan blade is as follows:
After the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are respectively applied with high-voltage direct current, the positive electrode 2 has positive charges, the negative electrode 3 has negative charges, and stable electrostatic fields are formed between the positive electrode 2, the negative electrode 3 and the fan blades 4;
(2) When the gap between the fan blade 4 and the positive electrode 2 is extremely small, part of positive charges carried by the positive electrode 2 jump to the blade tip of the fan blade 4 to enable the fan blade 4 to have positive charges, and according to the principle of repulsion of the same charges, the fan blade 4 is rotated by repulsive force of the positive electrode 2, and the rotating direction is the direction (clockwise) of the protrusion of the blade tip;
(3) When the fan blade 4 approaches to the negative electrode 3, according to the principle of heterogeneous charge phase attraction, negative charges carried by the negative electrode 3 generate attraction to the fan blade 4 with positive charges, and the fan blade 4 is driven to continuously rotate clockwise;
(4) When the gap between the fan blade 4 and the negative electrode 2 is extremely small, part of negative charges carried by the negative electrode 3 jumps to the blade tip of the fan blade 4, so that positive charges carried by the fan blade 4 are neutralized and negatively charged, and the fan blade 4 is subjected to repulsive force of the negative electrode to continue to rotate clockwise.
(5) Since the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are arranged at intervals, the blades 4 are subjected to repulsive force and attractive force in accordance with the rotation direction at intervals, and thus the blades 4 can be kept continuously rotated.
Further, by adjusting the number of the positive electrodes 2,3, the output power of the fan driven based on the electrostatic principle can be changed. For example, increasing the number of positive and negative electrodes can create a greater electrostatic force, thereby increasing the output power of the fan driven based on the electrostatic principle.
The positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 of the housing 1 are in the same plane with the fan blade 4, and when the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are arranged at the top end of the fan blade 4, the direction of the electrostatic force generated at the moment can maximally push the fan blade 4 to rotate. The positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 of the casing 1 can be located on the side surfaces (not shown in the figure) of the fan blades, and electrostatic force can be generated to drive the fan blades to rotate.
Example 2:
a miniature electrostatic fan is used for cooling miniature electronic equipment and comprises the fan blade based on electrostatic driving. Preferably, the diameter of the whole micro fan is 23.5mm, the length of the fan blade 4 is 10mm, the thickness of the whole micro fan is 3mm, the thickness of the tip conductive coating of the fan blade 4 is 37 nanometers, and the minimum radial distance between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 and the fan blade 4 is 0.5mm. Compared with the traditional motor-driven fan, the miniature electrostatic fan has smaller thickness, larger fan blades and smaller noise, and can meet the application environment of the miniature cooling fan with small size and planarization.
Example 3:
As shown in fig. 4-5, a fan blade with hybrid driving includes the fan blade 4 based on electrostatic driving described in embodiment 1, and further includes a micro motor 5, where the housing 1 of the fan blade is an airflow duct, preferably, the duct is a circular ring, and the circular ring has a circular ring effect, so that the power device has low noise, good use safety, and high aerodynamic efficiency. Preferably, the duct is made of lightweight plastic and is manufactured by 3D printing or injection molding. The miniature motor is preferably a miniature electromagnetic motor.
Preferably, the diameter of the fan blade of the hybrid drive is 30mm, the diameter of the duct is 35mm, the diameter of the miniature electromagnetic motor 5 is 4mm, the length is 8mm, the thickness of the tip conductive coating of the fan blade 4 is 37nm, the minimum radial clearance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the fan blade 4 is 0.5mm, and the total mass is 600mg.
A mixed driving method of fan blades comprises the following steps:
(1) Mounting electrostatic drive-based fan blades on an output shaft of the motor;
(2) The battery is connected with the boost circuit to form a power supply module, and the power supply module can directly output low-voltage direct current by the battery or output high-voltage direct current by the boost circuit;
(3) Introducing the low-voltage direct current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the motor, and simultaneously introducing the high-voltage direct current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the fan blade;
(4) The power supply module adjusts the working states of the motor and the fan blades by controlling high-voltage direct current and low-voltage direct current so as to achieve the aim of hybrid driving.
Therefore, the fan blade driven by the hybrid drive utilizes the electrostatic acceleration principle to improve the working rotation speed of the motor, reduce the load of the motor and improve the working environment of the motor under the condition of not increasing the input current of the motor. Hybrid-driven micro-power devices possess higher power density and energy conversion efficiency than motor drives alone. The power device adopting the hybrid driving principle has the advantages that the output power and the energy conversion efficiency are not simple superposition of the motor and the electrostatic driving, but have a mutual enhancement effect, the electrostatic driving improves the working environment of the motor, and the motor provides a basic rotating speed for the electrostatic driving, so that the effect that 1+1 is more than 2 is realized. In other words, when the micro power device adopts the hybrid driving of the motor and the static electricity, compared with the traditional driving mode of singly adopting the motor, the amplification of the output power is not completely equal to the driving power of the introduced electrostatic force, and the factors of the motor that the energy conversion efficiency and the output power are greatly improved due to the introduction of the electrostatic force and the improvement of the working environment are also considered.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The electrostatic-drive-based fan blade is arranged on a rotating shaft, and a shell is arranged around the fan blade, and is characterized in that a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are arranged on the inner surface of the shell at intervals, the positions, close to the tips of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes, of the fan blade can conduct electricity, electrostatic fields are formed after voltages are applied to the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes, so that electrostatic force is generated, and the fan blade is driven to rotate by the electrostatic force;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode are obliquely arranged towards the rotating direction of the fan blade, so that the fan blade rotates along a specific direction;
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the shell are positioned on the same plane with the fan blade or positioned on the side surface of the fan blade.
2. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein: the radial distance among the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the fan blade is less than or equal to one fifth of the radial length of the fan blade.
3. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein: the number of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is the same, and the output power of the electrostatically driven fan can be changed by adjusting the number of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes.
4. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein: the fan blade takes an insulating material as a matrix, and a conductive coating is covered at the blade tip position.
5. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein: the positive electrode and the negative electrode are both in raised tip shapes.
6. A miniature electrostatic fan, characterized in that: comprising an electrostatically driven based fan blade according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. The fan blade based on electrostatic driving is characterized by comprising an external device and the fan blade based on electrostatic driving, which is described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the external device comprises a motor, a battery and a booster circuit, and the fan blade is driven to rotate at a high speed through the motor and electrostatic force.
8. A method of hybrid driving a hybrid driven fan blade according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mounting the electrostatically driven fan blade of any one of claims 1-5 on an output shaft of the motor;
(2) The battery is connected with the booster circuit to form a power supply module, and the power supply module directly outputs low-voltage direct current from the battery or outputs high-voltage direct current from the booster circuit;
(3) Introducing the low-voltage direct current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the motor, and simultaneously introducing the high-voltage direct current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the fan blade;
(4) The power supply module adjusts the working states of the motor and the fan blades by controlling high-voltage direct current and low-voltage direct current so as to achieve the aim of hybrid driving.
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CN110671651B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-11-23 | 深圳市安普圣科技有限公司 | Active heat dissipation type electric lamp for subway platform |
CN114673641B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2024-07-09 | 海鹰航空通用装备有限责任公司 | Ion propulsion device |
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CN107403574A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-28 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of device of Ampere force and static-electronic driving |
CN107464485A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-12 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of method for making swivel plate and continuously rotating electrostatic power machine |
CN210152933U (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-03-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Fan blade based on electrostatic driving, miniature electrostatic fan and fan blade driven in mixed mode |
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US5055963A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1991-10-08 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Self-balancing bipolar air ionizer |
JP4716590B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2011-07-06 | 株式会社鶴見製作所 | Electric corrosion prevention method and apparatus for main shaft during rotation of underwater rotating machine |
JP4837449B2 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2011-12-14 | 株式会社新生工業 | Electrostatic motor |
JP5305139B2 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社Ihi | Method for forming flame retardant coating on oxygen compressor component and oxygen compressor |
CN103325784B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2015-11-25 | 电子科技大学 | Based on the chip electrostatic protection circuit of memristor |
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CN107403574A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-28 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of device of Ampere force and static-electronic driving |
CN107464485A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-12 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of method for making swivel plate and continuously rotating electrostatic power machine |
CN210152933U (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-03-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Fan blade based on electrostatic driving, miniature electrostatic fan and fan blade driven in mixed mode |
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