CN109430414A - Yak milk powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Yak milk powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109430414A CN109430414A CN201811318254.2A CN201811318254A CN109430414A CN 109430414 A CN109430414 A CN 109430414A CN 201811318254 A CN201811318254 A CN 201811318254A CN 109430414 A CN109430414 A CN 109430414A
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- 235000020255 yak milk Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000021062 nutrient metabolism Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020247 cow milk Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000020185 raw untreated milk Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007926 Craterellus fallax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007175 Datura inoxia Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021060 food property Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005075 mammary gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008939 whole milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/16—Agglomerating or granulating milk powder; Making instant milk powder; Products obtained thereby
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides yak milk powder and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the yak milk powder comprises the following steps: spray drying yak milk with milk solid content of 30-38 wt%. The milk solid refers to substances except water in yak milk. Denaturation of the proteins will reduce nutrient absorption and metabolism in the milk. The inventors have found that controlling the percentage of milk solids within the above ranges not only reduces protein denaturation during concentration to that percentage but also facilitates the reduction of protein denaturation during subsequent drying. The air inlet temperature in spray drying is 150-170 deg.C, the air exhaust temperature is 50-70 deg.C, the temperature in drying chamber is 50-55 deg.C, and the spray pressure is 16-17 Mpa. The inventor finds that the drying under the drying condition is beneficial to reducing protein denaturation in the yak milk drying process, so that the yak milk powder prepared by the drying process reduces or eliminates the brewing white spots, and the sensory index of the yak milk powder is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dairy products technical fields, in particular to a kind of yak milk powder and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Yak is the ox kind that can uniquely live in 3000 meters of height above sea level or more in the world, the region of snow-coated plateau green non-pollution
Environment imparts unique yak milk resource, uniqueness, rare property and functional feature, is three only deposited in the world
One of big original seed biology and China can uniquely declare the ox kind of national publicly harmless animal product certification.China is the main product of yak
State accounts for the 92% of the world total, produces 71.5 ten thousand tons of yak milk per year, is mainly distributed on Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Xinjiang, cloud
The areas such as south cover ten thousand national territorial area more than 300, have supported 5,000,000 herdsman.
Yak milk, which originates from, to be grown under natural, pure, pollution-free ecological, 3000 meters of height above sea level or more snow-coated plateau psychro-environments
The milk of yak.Yak has hyperimmunity, disease resistance, the physique of strong adaptability, thus output high-quality ecosystem milk.Yak
The nutritive value of cream is extremely abundant, have the characteristics that high protein, it is high-fat, be rich in various amino acid, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin,
Compared to common cow's milk, yak milk nutritional character more horn of plenty.Studies have shown that yak milk is than index content each in Holstein cow cow's milk
It is high, wherein dry matter, fat, protein, carbohydrate, minerals respectively higher than Holstein cow cream 48.83%,
102.90%, 87.81%, 8.85%, 8.86%.Dry matter content in yak milk can reach 17.86g/100g, albumen
5.24g/100g, lipase 37 .0g/100g, fat content are nearly 2 times of Holstein cow.
The yak output of milk is small, and milk producing time is short, and annual 6-10 is the best milk production phase, the daily output of milk about 3-5kg, yak without
Method stable breeding can only herd, and traffic and the limitation of cold chain cause the production that the degree that yak milk is commercialized is very low, and yak milk is commercialized
Product are mainly based on casein and yak milk powder.On the market there is biggish albuminous degeneration in full-cream yak milk powder substantially, also reduce
The brand image of full-cream yak milk powder.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of yak milk powder, this method can reduce yak milk powder and make
Albuminous degeneration during standby.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yak milk powder, reconstitute no albuminous degeneration white point or only a small amount of egg
Leucismus white point.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to realize.
The present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of yak milk powder, including the yak milk for being 30-38wt% by milk solids content
It is spray-dried.Inlet air temperature in spray drying is 150-170 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 50-70 DEG C, and dry room temperature is
50-55 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16-17MPa.
The present invention proposes a kind of yak milk powder, is made by the preparation method of above-mentioned yak milk powder.
Yak milk powder of the embodiment of the present invention and preparation method thereof at least has the advantages that
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of yak milk powder and preparation method thereof, and the preparation method of the yak milk powder mainly includes
Following steps:
The yak milk that milk solids content is 30-38wt% is spray-dried.Milk solids refer to moisture removal in yak milk
Other substances in addition.The denaturation of protein will reduce nutrient absorption and metabolism in dairy products.Inventor is the study found that control cream
The percentage composition of solid can not only reduce the albuminous degeneration being concentrated into during the percentage composition in above range, also advantageous
In albuminous degeneration of the reduction in subsequent drying process.Inlet air temperature in spray drying is 150-170 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is
50-70 DEG C, dry room temperature is 50-55 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16-17MPa.Inventor is repeatedly the study found that above-mentioned dry
The albuminous degeneration advantageously reduced in yak milk drying process is dried under the conditions of dry, reduces its yak milk powder obtained
Or eliminate and reconstitute white point, improve the organoleptic indicator of yak milk powder.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
Yak milk powder of the embodiment of the present invention and preparation method thereof is specifically described below.
Yak milk powder provided in an embodiment of the present invention is mainly prepared using following preparation method, and key step is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.
Raw milk can generally be first passed through and be filtered for several times, although filtering eliminates most impurity, due to dirty in cream
Many extremely small mechanical admixtures and bacterial cell are contaminated, it is difficult to be removed with general filter method.It is higher in order to reach
Degree of purity can generally be purified again using centrifugation milk clarifier.Centrifugation milk clarifier is the centrifugation generated using high-speed rotating rotary drum
The biggish impurity of density in yak milk, is thrown to the peripheral wall of bowl by power, and is deposited on peripheral wall, to reach net
The purpose of cream.Clean-up effect can be significantly improved using centrifugation milk clarifier, is conducive to improve quality of item.Being centrifuged milk clarifier can also
By in cream mammary gland body cell and certain micro-organisms remove.
It is required according to different product, ungrease treatment optionally is carried out to the life yak milk after net cream.If desired degreasing is made
Milk powder, then can carry out ungrease treatment；If desired full-cream milk powder is prepared, then without carrying out ungrease treatment.
Pre-sterilizing is carried out to raw milk again.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 72-85 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 13-18 seconds.It is pre-sterilized
Purpose mainly has: (1) tentatively killing most bacterium and pathogenic bacteria, keep the sterilization of UHT more thorough, to guarantee the safety of food
Property, improve the Storage of finished product.(2) inhibit the activity of enzyme, in case finished product generates the bad phenomenons such as fat splitting, enzymatic browning.
Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and carries out cooling processing.Generally it is cooled to 5-10 DEG C.Raw material
The cooling production line of cream produces daily generally needs two shift circulations to carry out, so raw milk should be cold immediately when passing through pre-sterilizing
But the production to guarantee the second shift is stored.Cooling temperature is generally 5 DEG C~10 DEG C, to inhibit the breeding of bacterium.It is micro- in cream
Biomass changes with length and the temperature height of period of storage.Tubing heat exchanger can be used in cooling, by raw material
Cream is quickly cooled to 5 DEG C and is pumped into storage tank store.
Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 20-25MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 55-65 DEG C.?
Matter is to carry out mechanical treatment to fat globule, is dispersed in fat globule uniformity in cream.Homogeneous uses double-stage homogenization, i.e. material connects
It is continuous to pass through two homogeneous heads, coherent small fat globule is opened.Higher temperature homogeneous is conducive to improvement effect, but temperature
The excessively high denaturation that can cause butter oil, lactoprotein.
Cow's milk is sterilized by crystallizing steam sterilization machine again after homogeneous.Sterilization temperature is 90-115 DEG C, sterilizing time
13-18 seconds.Under the premise of effectively killing microorganism, the nutritional ingredient in cow's milk, the cow's milk of production are remained to the maximum extent
It can long-term preservation under normal temperature conditions.
Raw yak milk is concentrated after sterilization, the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 30-38wt%, is used
Cold boiler is concentrated.Inventor is the study found that the percentage composition of control milk solids can not only be reduced in above range
The albuminous degeneration being concentrated into during the percentage composition also helps the albuminous degeneration reduced in subsequent drying process.
The yak milk that milk solids content is 30-38wt% is spray-dried again, the inlet air temperature in spray drying is
150-170 DEG C, temperature of outgoing air is 50-70 DEG C, and dry room temperature is 50-55 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16-17MPa.Inventor is anti-
Again the study found that the albuminous degeneration advantageously reduced in yak milk drying process is dried under above-mentioned drying condition, make it
Yak milk powder obtained, which reduces or eliminates, reconstitutes white point, improves the organoleptic indicator of yak milk powder.It is as follows to be spray-dried principle:
Hot wind is imported at the top of drying tower, while feed liquid being sent to top of tower, passes through atomizer atomisation drop.These droplet clusters
Surface area is very big, and moisture evaporates rapidly after contacting with high-temperature hot-air, is become in a very short period of time as dry products.From drying tower
Temperature significantly reduces after hot wind and drop contact is discharged in bottom, and humidity increases, it is extracted out by exhaust blower as exhaust gas, is carried secretly in exhaust gas
Particle recycled with separator.
Further, the moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 5-8wt%.
Resulting semi-finished product will be spray-dried and carry out agglomeration granulation, agglomeration granulation is carried out using 3-4 root spray gun, and nozzle and
The aperture of orderliness is 2.2-2.4 millimeters.Control processing of the cow's milk in above-mentioned concentration and spray process is conducive to carry out more
Good agglomeration is granulated.The agglomeration, which is granulated gained yak milk powder, has preferable brew, and instant capacity, diffusivity show preferably.
Agglomeration, meaning are exactly to be adhered to particle surface, and particle is made mutually to bond polymerization.In the embodiment of the present invention, agglomeration is granulated
Component used is a part in spray dryer, and spray drying and agglomeration are granulated can be directly continuous real within one device
It is existing.The processing parameter of spray drying also will affect subsequent agglomeration granulation outcome.
Agglomeration is granulated products obtained therefrom can be with further progress fluidized bed drying, the moisture of gained finished product after fluidized bed drying
Content is 2-4.5wt%.Yak milk powder after drying can be packed, and storage is temporary.Certainly, if product after spray drying
Moisture content meets the requirement of relevant criterion, can also no longer carry out the redrying of fluidized bed.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of full-cream yak milk powder (fat content is more than or equal to 26wt%), and preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Raw milk is killed in advance again
Bacterium.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 72 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 18 seconds.Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and is dropped
Temperature processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 20MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 55 DEG C.Lead to again after homogeneous
Crystallization steam sterilization machine is crossed to sterilize cow's milk.Sterilization temperature is 90 DEG C, sterilizing time 18 seconds.Using vacuum evaporation after sterilization
Raw yak milk is concentrated device, and the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 30wt%.It is by milk solids content again
The yak milk of 30wt% is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 150 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 50 DEG C, hothouse
Interior temperature is 50 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16MPa.The moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 8wt%.It will do by spraying
Dry resulting semi-finished product carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 3 spray guns, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are 2.2
Millimeter.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, the moisture content of gained finished product is after fluidized bed drying
4.5wt%.Up to required full-cream yak milk powder after drying.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of full-cream yak milk powder, preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Raw milk is killed in advance again
Bacterium.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 85 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 13 seconds.Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and is dropped
Temperature processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 25MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 65 DEG C.Lead to again after homogeneous
Crystallization steam sterilization machine is crossed to sterilize cow's milk.Sterilization temperature is 115 DEG C, sterilizing time 13 seconds.It is steamed after sterilization using vacuum
Raw yak milk is concentrated hair device, and the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 38wt%.It is by milk solids content again
The yak milk of 38wt% is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 170 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 70 DEG C, hothouse
Interior temperature is 55 DEG C, atomisation pressure 17MPa.The moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 5wt%.It will do by spraying
Dry resulting semi-finished product carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 4 spray guns, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are 2.4
Millimeter.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, the moisture content of gained finished product is after fluidized bed drying
2wt%.Up to required full-cream yak milk powder after drying.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of full-cream yak milk powder, preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Raw milk is killed in advance again
Bacterium.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 75 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 15 seconds.Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and is dropped
Temperature processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 21MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 53 DEG C.Lead to again after homogeneous
Crystallization steam sterilization machine is crossed to sterilize cow's milk.Sterilization temperature is 95 DEG C, sterilizing time 15 seconds.Using vacuum evaporation after sterilization
Raw yak milk is concentrated device, and the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 31wt%.It is by milk solids content again
The yak milk of 31wt% is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 155 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 53 DEG C, hothouse
Interior temperature is 54 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16.5MPa.The moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 6wt%.It will be sprayed
Dry resulting semi-finished product carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 3 spray guns, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are
2.3 millimeter.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, the moisture content of gained finished product is after fluidized bed drying
2.5wt%.Up to required full-cream yak milk powder after drying.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of full-cream yak milk powder, preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Raw milk is killed in advance again
Bacterium.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 80 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 14 seconds.Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and is dropped
Temperature processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 22MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 58 DEG C.Lead to again after homogeneous
Crystallization steam sterilization machine is crossed to sterilize cow's milk.Sterilization temperature is 100 DEG C, sterilizing time 17 seconds.It is steamed after sterilization using vacuum
Raw yak milk is concentrated hair device, and the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 35wt%.It is by milk solids content again
The yak milk of 35wt% is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 160 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 55 DEG C, hothouse
Interior temperature is 53 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16.2MPa.The moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 7wt%.It will be sprayed
Dry resulting semi-finished product carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 4 spray guns, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are
2.2 millimeter.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, the moisture content of gained finished product is after fluidized bed drying
3wt%.Up to required full-cream yak milk powder after drying.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of full-cream yak milk powder, preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Raw milk is killed in advance again
Bacterium.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 83 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 14 seconds.Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and is dropped
Temperature processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 23MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 62 DEG C.Lead to again after homogeneous
Crystallization steam sterilization machine is crossed to sterilize cow's milk.Sterilization temperature is 110 DEG C, sterilizing time 15 seconds.It is steamed after sterilization using vacuum
Raw yak milk is concentrated hair device, and the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 33wt%.It is by milk solids content again
The yak milk of 33wt% is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 165 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 65 DEG C, hothouse
Interior temperature is 55 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16.8MPa.The moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 6.5wt%.It will spray
The dry resulting semi-finished product of mist carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 3 spray guns, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are
2.4 millimeter.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, the moisture content of gained finished product is after fluidized bed drying
4wt%.Up to required full-cream yak milk powder after drying.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of full-cream yak milk powder, preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Raw milk is killed in advance again
Bacterium.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 78 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 16 seconds.Life yak milk after pre-sterilizing passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and is dropped
Temperature processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogenization pressure is 24MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 58 DEG C.Lead to again after homogeneous
Crystallization steam sterilization machine is crossed to sterilize cow's milk.Sterilization temperature is 112 DEG C, sterilizing time 15 seconds.It is steamed after sterilization using vacuum
Raw yak milk is concentrated hair device, and the milk solids content of the life yak milk after concentration is 35wt%.It is by milk solids content again
The yak milk of 35wt% is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 158 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 57 DEG C, hothouse
Interior temperature is 52 DEG C, atomisation pressure 17MPa.The moisture content being spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product is 7wt%.It will do by spraying
Dry resulting semi-finished product carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 3 spray guns, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are 2.2
Millimeter.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, the moisture content of gained finished product is after fluidized bed drying
3.5wt%.Up to required full-cream yak milk powder after drying.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of degreasing yak milk powder (fat content are less than or equal to 2wt%), and preparation method is as follows:
Prepare quite yak milk first, net cream first is carried out to raw yak milk using milk clarifier.Again to the raw yak after net cream
Cream carries out ungrease treatment.Then pre-sterilizing is carried out to raw milk.Pre-sterilizing temperature is 83 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 17 seconds.It kills in advance
Life yak milk after bacterium passes through cool-heat-exchanger again and carries out cooling processing.Yak milk after cooling carries out homogenization again.Homogeneous
Pressure is 24MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 63 DEG C.Cow's milk is sterilized by crystallizing steam sterilization machine again after homogeneous.Sterilization temperature
It is 97 DEG C, sterilizing time 15 seconds.Raw yak milk is concentrated using cold boiler after sterilization, the life yak milk after concentration
Milk solids content is 36wt%.Certainly, in other embodiments, the cream handled well in advance can also be directly provided by other suppliers
Solid content is the yak milk of 36wt%.
The yak milk that milk solids content is 36wt% is spray-dried again, the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 168
DEG C, temperature of outgoing air is 62 DEG C, and dry room temperature is 52 DEG C, atomisation pressure 17MPa.It is spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product
Moisture content is 7.5wt%.Resulting semi-finished product will be spray-dried and carry out agglomeration granulation, carry out agglomeration granulation using 4 spray guns,
And the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are 2.2 millimeters.Agglomeration granulation products obtained therefrom is subjected to fluidized bed drying again, after fluidized bed drying
The moisture content of gained finished product is 2.5wt%.Up to required degreasing yak milk powder after drying.
Comparative example
A kind of commercially available full-cream yak milk powder is provided --- full-cream yak milk powder.
Test example
It carries out the full-cream yak milk powder that embodiment 1-6 is provided and the full-cream yak milk powder that comparative example provides to reconstitute test pair
Than and milk powder particle volume ratio comparison, observation reconstitutes the generation of white point, obtains the related data in following table 1.
Table 1 reconstitutes comparison of test results
By the Experimental Comparison result in table 1 it is found that preparation method (the packet of the yak milk powder provided through the embodiment of the present invention
Include the control concentration concentration of yak milk, spray drying parameters, the quantity of spray gun, nozzle and cover board pore size) made from entirely
For rouge yak milk powder compared with the yak milk powder that comparative example provides, the present invention realizes the preferable production technology of full-cream yak milk powder,
Make full-cream yak milk powder that there is preferable instant capacity, diffusivity and reconstitutes no albuminous degeneration white point or only a small amount of albuminous degeneration
White point, no wall built-up phenomenon not only improve the organoleptic indicator of full-cream yak milk powder, also ensure the nutrient absorption in dairy products and generation
It thanks.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of yak milk powder, which is characterized in that including by milk solids content be 30-38wt% yak milk into
Row is spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 150-170 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 50-70 DEG C, and dry room temperature is
50-55 DEG C, atomisation pressure 16-17Mpa.
2. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be spray-dried in resulting semi-finished product
Moisture content be 5-8wt%.
3. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that resulting semi-finished product will be spray-dried
Agglomeration granulation is carried out, agglomeration granulation is carried out using 3-4 root spray gun, and the aperture of nozzle and orderliness are 2.2-2.4 millimeters.
4. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 3, which is characterized in that agglomeration is granulated products obtained therefrom and is carried out
Fluidized bed drying, the moisture content of gained finished product is 2-4.5wt% after fluidized bed drying.
5. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that carry out raw yak milk
The milk solids content of concentration, the raw yak milk after concentration is 30-38wt%, is concentrated using cold boiler.
6. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include to the life before concentration
Yak milk is sterilized, and sterilization temperature is 90-115 DEG C, sterilizing time 13-18 seconds.
7. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include to the life before sterilization
Yak milk carries out homogeneous, homogenization pressure 20-25MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 55-65 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include to the life before homogeneous
Yak milk successively carries out net cream, pre-sterilizing and cooling processing, and pre-sterilizing temperature is 72-85 DEG C, and the pre-sterilizing time is 13-18
Second, the raw yak milk after pre-sterilizing carries out homogeneous again after cooling is handled.
9. the preparation method of yak milk powder according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include only pair before pre-sterilizing after cream
The raw yak milk carries out ungrease treatment.
10. a kind of yak milk powder, which is characterized in that the yak milk powder is by such as described in any item yak milks of claim 1-9
The preparation method of powder is made.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111743004A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-09 | 甘肃华羚乳品股份有限公司 | Instant whole-fat yak milk powder and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104304490A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-01-28 | 天津科技大学 | Preparation method of low-heat dried skim milk |
| US20180084798A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-29 | Dmk Deutsches Milchkontor Gmbh | Low-bacteria milk powders with a high wpni (iii) |
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| CN104304490A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-01-28 | 天津科技大学 | Preparation method of low-heat dried skim milk |
| US20180084798A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-29 | Dmk Deutsches Milchkontor Gmbh | Low-bacteria milk powders with a high wpni (iii) |
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| CN111743004A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-09 | 甘肃华羚乳品股份有限公司 | Instant whole-fat yak milk powder and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190308 |