CN109430256A - A bottle-cutting fresh-keeping process of cut chrysanthemum after harvesting - Google Patents
A bottle-cutting fresh-keeping process of cut chrysanthemum after harvesting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109430256A CN109430256A CN201811389822.8A CN201811389822A CN109430256A CN 109430256 A CN109430256 A CN 109430256A CN 201811389822 A CN201811389822 A CN 201811389822A CN 109430256 A CN109430256 A CN 109430256A
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- bottle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
- A01N3/02—Keeping cut flowers fresh chemically
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种切花菊采后瓶插保鲜工艺，包括以下步骤：a、切花菊的准备：清晨采集发育相近初绽花枝，花冠2‑3cm，花枝长60‑70cm，采后立刻送到实验室，保留上部10‑12片叶子，水中剪切至50cm花枝，留4片叶子；b、切花菊的预处理：用处理液浸蘸花枝基部10s，晾干后插入蒸馏水中；c、瓶插前处理：基部斜剪；d、瓶插处理：瓶插环境为室内，空气平均相对湿度为65％，以室内日光灯为光源，光照强度为1500lux，室内温度为20±2℃，花枝插于500ml洁净的矿泉水瓶中，每个矿泉水瓶内有500ml保鲜剂，每个矿泉水瓶插一枝。本发明提高消费者鲜花品质，为鲜切花出口质量提供技术保障。The invention discloses a post-harvest bottle-preserving process for cut chrysanthemum, comprising the following steps: a. Preparation of cut chrysanthemum: early morning harvesting is similar to the first blooming flower branch, corolla 2‐3 cm, flowering branch length 60-70 cm, immediately after harvesting In the laboratory, keep the upper 10-12 leaves, cut into 50cm flower branches in water, and leave 4 leaves; b. Pretreatment of cut chrysanthemum: dip the base of flowering branches with treatment liquid for 10s, dry and insert into distilled water; c, bottle Pre-insertion treatment: base oblique shear; d, bottle insertion treatment: bottle insertion environment is indoor, air average relative humidity is 65%, indoor fluorescent lamp as light source, light intensity is 1500lux, indoor temperature is 20±2°C, flower branch is inserted In a 500ml clean mineral water bottle, each mineral water bottle contains 500ml of preservative, and each mineral water bottle is inserted into one. The invention improves the quality of the flowers of the consumers and provides technical guarantee for the export quality of the fresh cut flowers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium technical field of preservation of fresh, adopt rear bottle more particularly, to a kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium and insert antistaling process.
Background technique
Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema morifolium) is one of ten great tradition famous flower of China and the four cut-flowers in the world,
The production of flowers and plants, afforestation and occupy highly important status in beautifying the environment.The yield and scale of China's chrysanthemum are year by year
Expansion, volume of production and marketing accounts for 18% or more of global fresh-cut chrysanthemum total amount, and at home in Fresh Cutting flower, chrysanthemum accounts for about total output
30%.
Cut-flower refers to the general name of the flower shear off from plant, spray, blade etc., for arranging flowers or making flower
Beam, gaily decorated basket etc..Cut-flower is the fresh and live agricultural product with artistic taste, from harvesting to commodity up to losing use value, entire mistake
Journey is shorter than fruits and vegetables, is easy to wilt, and adopts rear loss late up to 20%.Quantity after fresh flower is adopted is lost, developed country 5-25%, development
Middle country is 20-50%.The cut-flower manufacturer of World Developed Countries is to meet consumer to cut-flower ornamental value and extend the bottle slotting longevity
The requirement of life has developed corresponding cultivation and post-harvest fresh-keeping control technology, but compared with foreign countries, due to the harvesting to chrysanthemum
Not enough, preservation technology level still has larger gap to the research of preceding and post-harvest physiology, causes China's cut chrysanthemum after adopting and in circulation
Loss be up to 20% or so, result in waste of resources, environmental pollution and economic loss.Cut-flower post-harvest fresh-keeping technology, directly affects
The bottle of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium inserts delay, becomes the key difficulties in the production of China's Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium is provided adopts rear bottle and insert fresh-keeping work
Skill improves consumer's fresh flower quality, provides technical guarantee for Cut Flower Export quality.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium adopts rear bottle and inserts antistaling process, comprising the following steps:
A, the preparation of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium: the close spray of just splitting of early morning acquisition development, corolla 2-3cm, the long 60-70cm of spray, after adopting
It is sent to laboratory at once, retains top 10-12 piece leaf, shearing stays 4 leaves to 50cm spray in water；The step can prevent
Excessive water evaporation, guarantees the form consistency of experiment chrysanthemum.
B, the pretreatment of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium: dipping spray base portion 10s with treatment fluid, is inserted into distilled water after drying, treatment fluid is
At least one of NAA of IBA-K, 40mg/L of 40mg/L；The step can be such that effective component in treatment fluid sufficiently cuts with flower material
Mouthful contact, and effectively combined with it, IBA-K, NAA can promote notch cell mitogenetic, on the one hand do sth. in advance healing of wound, prevent from feeling
Dye；The thick embryo of another aspect induced synthesis young root, increases its soaking effect, dries mainly for enabling treatment fluid ingredient to be bonded to
On section.
C, bottle inserts pre-treatment: base portion is tiltedly cut；The step can guarantee that section is smooth, reduce section flower material tissue due to being sheared
Power influences injury, increases its section product, increases the thick embryonal induction face of young root.
D, bottle inserts processing: bottle slotting ring border is interior, and air average relative humidity is 65%, using indoor daylight lamp as light source,
Intensity of illumination is 1500lux, and room temperature is 20 ± 2 DEG C, and spray inserts in the mineral water bottle of 500ml cleaning, each mineral water
There is 500ml antistaling agent in bottle, each mineral water bottle inserts one, the potassium sorbate+2g/L for the sucrose+100mg/L that antistaling agent is 2%
CaCl2The citric acid of+100mg/L.Low concentration sucrose, which is that flower material bottle is slotting, provides energy；Potassium sorbate is preservative, prevents sugarcane
Sugar, which is added, breeds bacterium, influences to spend material section；The normal growth for being incorporated as spending material of calcium chloride provides calcium ion, believes its cell
Number conduction can be normally carried out；Citric acid is conducive to spend to guarantee that chrysanthemum cell maintains under a relatively weak pH environment
Material growth.
Any one of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium in feverfew, bull chrysanthemum, yellow chrysanthemum flower.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: antistaling agent is to plant energy supply, flower, leaf plumpness are preferable after bottle is inserted, stem
The antibacterial effect of stalk is also preferable；Consumer's fresh flower quality is improved, provides technical guarantee for Cut Flower Export quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, which is antistaling agent of the invention, carries out the material object after long-term bottle inserts test using distilled water and tap water as control
Figure；
Fig. 2 is antistaling agent of the invention using distilled water and tap water as the MDA changes of contents tendency chart of control；
Fig. 3 is antistaling agent of the invention using distilled water and tap water as the soluble protein content variation tendency of control
Figure；
Fig. 4 is antistaling agent of the invention using distilled water and tap water as the flower diameter trend chart of control；
Fig. 5 is antistaling agent of the invention using distilled water and tap water as the water balance value trend chart of control；
Fig. 6 is antistaling agent of the invention using distilled water and tap water as the soluble sugar content trend chart of control；
Fig. 7 is antistaling agent of the invention using distilled water and tap water as the fresh weight trend chart of control.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
Test chrysanthemum used: fresh feverfew, bull chrysanthemum, yellow chrysanthemum flower.
Reagent: conventional chemical reagent is purchased from the raw work in Shanghai；Total protein is quantitative, plant soluble sugar, malonaldehyde (MDA) are tested
Box is purchased from Nanjing and builds up.
Key instrument: centrifuge, Nanodrop 2000, vernier caliper, day equality.
A kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium adopts rear bottle and inserts antistaling process, comprising the following steps:
A, the preparation of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium: the close spray of just splitting of early morning acquisition development, corolla 2-3cm, the long 60-70cm of spray, after adopting
It is sent to laboratory at once, retains top 10-12 piece leaf, shearing stays 4 leaves to 50cm spray in water；
B, the pretreatment of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium: dipping spray base portion 10s with treatment fluid, is inserted into distilled water after drying, treatment fluid is
At least one of NAA of IBA-K, 40mg/L of 40mg/L；
C, bottle inserts pre-treatment: base portion is tiltedly cut；
D, bottle inserts processing: bottle slotting ring border is interior, and air average relative humidity is 65%, using indoor daylight lamp as light source,
Intensity of illumination is 1500lux, and room temperature is 20 ± 2 DEG C, and spray inserts in the mineral water bottle of 500ml cleaning, each mineral water
There is 500ml antistaling agent in bottle, each mineral water bottle inserts one, the potassium sorbate+2g/L for the sucrose+100mg/L that antistaling agent is 2%
CaCl2The citric acid of+100mg/L.
Any one of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium in feverfew, bull chrysanthemum, yellow chrysanthemum flower.
As can be drawn from Figure 1, for antistaling agent to plant energy supply, it is preferable that bottle inserts performance in antibiotic property.Bottle is inserted 20 days, flower
Piece, leaf plumpness it is preferable, the antibacterial effect of stalk is also preferable, obvious floccule does not occur.Tap water is compared with distilled water
There is the more brown precipitate of stalk, this has a certain concentration chlorine residue related with its early stage.
1. spending the measurement of diameter: with the diameter of 3 different directions of vernier caliper measurement flower, taking its average value.It is inserted from cut-flower
It is risen on the day of entering solution, the flower diameter of measurement in every two days, and first day difference is flower diameter variation.
2. the measurement of cut-flower fresh weight and water balance value: start on the day of Fresh Cutting flower insertion antistaling agent, the spray that weighs with scale,
The sum of antistaling agent and weight of drink bottle are m1, then it is m2 that cut-flower taking-up, which is measured the sum of antistaling agent and weight of drink bottle,.It surveys afterwards for 24 hours
Measuring the sum of spray, antistaling agent and weight of drink bottle is m1 ', and its antistaling agent and weight of drink bottle m2 '；Spray fluid loss is m2 '-
M2, spray water absorption are m1 '-m1, and water balance value is water absorption-fluid loss.
3. the measurement of soluble protein, soluble sugar: weighing Chrysanthemum Petal 0.05-0.1g, (fresh plant petal shreds mixed
It is even), by weight (g): the distilled water of volume (ml)=1:9 ratio 9 times of volumes of addition, ice-water bath condition mechanical homogenisation, 2500
Rev/min, it is centrifuged 10 minutes, takes supernatant distilled water to be homogenized by 1:9 dilution proportion at 1% concentration, built up and purchased using Nanjing
The protein quantification testing cassete bought, the kit use Coomassie Brilliant Blue, measure protein concentration；Take homogenate, boiling water bath
10min, after cooling, 4000 revs/min, room temperature is centrifuged 10min, 20 times of supernatant distilled water dilutions is taken, with plant soluble sugar
Detection kit (using anthrone colorimetry) measurement.
4. the measurement of mda content: building up malonaldehyde (MDA) testing cassete of purchase using Nanjing, which uses
TBA method.
As can be drawn from Figure 2, downward trend after first rising is presented in MDA changes of contents, and bottle inserts early period due to by nutrition supplying
To the influence of interruption, MDA content is risen rapidly, and the phenomenon of the more MDA high of nutritional ingredient is added in the slotting antistaling agent of bottle, but with
Downward trend is presented in the increase of bottled sustaining time, and later period MDA change rate is stablized, and there was no significant difference.
As can be drawn from Figure 3, soluble protein fluctuation is larger, but basic presentation increase trend.
As can be drawn from Figure 4, antistaling agent is inserted using bottle, the influence to flower diameter is not too greatly at first Hua Jingcong increases to
Last wilting reduction.Experiment shows that distilled water group flower diameter increases very fast, flowering fast speed.But antistaling agent group and distillation
Water group flower diameter change rate is smaller, illustrates that the flowering time is longer, and cut-flower isolated growth is stablized.
As can be drawn from Figure 5, measurement early period fluctuation is larger, and it is smaller that later period bottle inserts fluctuation, distilled water group and antistaling agent group compared with
For stabilization, deviation is also smaller, in conjunction with Fig. 1 we it can also be seen that bottle insert the full color of later period cut-flower it is still more bright-coloured.
As can be drawn from Figure 6, the variation of soluble sugar has certain correlation with soluble protein variation, and basic present increases
Trend.
As can be drawn from Figure 7, the fresh weight of two control group Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums influences smaller, and antistaling agent group slightly increases on fresh weight
Add, this has certain relationship with sucrose is added to.
Test is inserted by the primary dcreening operation of antistaling agent and long-term bottle, low dosage addition sucrose has centainly the late growth of cut-flower
Facilitation, but the consequences such as solution bacteria breed can be brought, so additive amount cannot be too big, and it was found that in selection anti-corrosion
In the antibacterial means such as agent, antibiotic, bacteriostatic agent, the effect of preservative is better than antibiotic, and addition antibiotic will appear stalk hair
Black phenomenon influences cut-flower late growth especially moisture supply.In addition, the bacteriostatic agent using metal ion will affect blade
Color and stalk color.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium adopts rear bottle and inserts antistaling process, which comprises the following steps:
A, the preparation of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium: the close spray of just splitting of early morning acquisition development, corolla 2-3cm, the long 60-70cm of spray, after adopting at once
It is sent to laboratory, retains top 10-12 piece leaf, shearing stays 4 leaves to 50cm spray in water；
B, the pretreatment of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium: dipping spray base portion 10s with treatment fluid, is inserted into distilled water after drying, treatment fluid 40mg/
At least one of NAA of IBA-K, 40mg/L of L；
C, bottle inserts pre-treatment: base portion is tiltedly cut；
D, bottle inserts processing: bottle slotting ring border is interior, and air average relative humidity is 65%, using indoor daylight lamp as light source, illumination
Intensity is 1500lux, and room temperature is 20 ± 2 DEG C, and spray inserts in the mineral water bottle of 500ml cleaning, in each mineral water bottle
There is 500ml antistaling agent, each mineral water bottle inserts one, the potassium sorbate+2g/L's for the sucrose+100mg/L that antistaling agent is 2%
CaCl2The citric acid of+100mg/L.
2. a kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium adopts rear bottle and inserts antistaling process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium be selected from feverfew,
Any one in bull chrysanthemum, yellow chrysanthemum flower.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811389822.8A CN109430256A (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | A bottle-cutting fresh-keeping process of cut chrysanthemum after harvesting |
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| CN201811389822.8A CN109430256A (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | A bottle-cutting fresh-keeping process of cut chrysanthemum after harvesting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110352955A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 广州市八斗农业科技有限公司 | Composite light source and fresh flower preservation method |
| CN111034715A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江海丰花卉有限公司 | Comprehensive fresh-keeping solution for fresh-cut chrysanthemum as well as fresh-keeping method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5080707A (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1992-01-14 | Shikoku Chemicals Corporation | Life-prolonging agent for cut flower and method for treatment of cut flower |
| CN101011032A (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2007-08-08 | 北京林业大学 | Method for extending chrysanthemum florescence |
| CN101731201A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-06-16 | 北京林业大学 | Cut-flower chrysanthemum antistaling agent and refreshing processing method |
| CN105010313A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-11-04 | 胡月 | African daisy cut flower preservation method |
-
2018
- 2018-11-21 CN CN201811389822.8A patent/CN109430256A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5080707A (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1992-01-14 | Shikoku Chemicals Corporation | Life-prolonging agent for cut flower and method for treatment of cut flower |
| CN101011032A (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2007-08-08 | 北京林业大学 | Method for extending chrysanthemum florescence |
| CN101731201A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-06-16 | 北京林业大学 | Cut-flower chrysanthemum antistaling agent and refreshing processing method |
| CN105010313A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-11-04 | 胡月 | African daisy cut flower preservation method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张雪平等: ""有机酸对切花菊保鲜效应的研究"", 《黑龙江农业科学》 * |
| 魏和平等编著: "《鲜切花生产及保鲜》", 31 January 2009, 合肥：合肥工业大学出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110352955A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 广州市八斗农业科技有限公司 | Composite light source and fresh flower preservation method |
| CN110352955B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-09-28 | 中山市八斗农业科技有限公司 | Composite light source and fresh flower preservation method |
| CN111034715A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江海丰花卉有限公司 | Comprehensive fresh-keeping solution for fresh-cut chrysanthemum as well as fresh-keeping method and application thereof |
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