CN109425776A - Battery current measurement - Google Patents
Battery current measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109425776A CN109425776A CN201810971038.1A CN201810971038A CN109425776A CN 109425776 A CN109425776 A CN 109425776A CN 201810971038 A CN201810971038 A CN 201810971038A CN 109425776 A CN109425776 A CN 109425776A
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- current
- battery
- charger
- switch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3828—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses battery current measurements.Provide a kind of method for detecting the battery current in uninterruptible power supply and the system for this method, this method includes providing battery current to battery along charge path using charger, charge path is disconnected to stop the battery current to battery, the first total current supplied by charger is determined when charge path disconnects, so that battery current is capable of providing to battery, the second total current supplied by charger is determined when battery current is supplied to battery, and determines the value for indicating battery current.
Description
Background of invention
1. invention field
The present invention relates generally to for detecting the system and method provided to the trickle current of battery.
2. the discussion of the relevant technologies
It is known that the trickle current that battery supplied into the power equipment in such as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is small.This
Outside, it is known to use trickle current detector is supplied to the trickle current of battery to measure.
Brief summary of the invention
Method of at least one aspect of the disclosure for the battery current in a kind of detection uninterruptible power supply, this method packet
It includes following movement: providing battery current to battery along charge path using charger；Charge path is disconnected to stop to battery
Battery current；The first total current supplied by charger is determined when disconnecting charge path；Make battery current be capable of providing to
Battery；The second total current supplied by charger is determined when battery current is supplied to battery；And it determines and represents battery electricity
The value of stream.
In at least one embodiment, this method further includes the first of the first total current that storage instruction is supplied by charger
The movement of current value.In one embodiment, determine that battery current includes that the first current value is subtracted from the second total current.One
In a little embodiments, disconnecting charge path includes disconnecting the switch being arranged in charge path.According to one embodiment, keep battery electric
It includes closure switch that stream, which can be supplied to battery,.
At least one aspect of the disclosure is directed to a kind of uninterruptible power system, comprising: input terminal is configured as receiving
Input electric power with input voltage；Battery is configured as storage battery electric power；Output end is configured to supply from defeated
Enter the output power that at least one of electric power and battery electric power obtain；Charging circuit is connected to battery and power circuit, should
Charging circuit is configured to supply total current, and first part is provided to battery, and its second part is provided to electric power electricity
Road；Charger current sensor is configured as detection total current and provides the instruction of total current；Switch, is connected to electricity
Pond simultaneously is configured as selectively controlling the supply of electric current to battery；And controller, it is coupled to switch and charger current
Sensor, the controller are configured as disconnecting first part of the switch to prevent battery receptacle total current, receive and come from charger
First sensing signal of the instruction total current of current sensor, closure switch are so that battery can receive first of total current
Point, the second sensing signal of the instruction total current from charger current sensor is received, and determine the of expression total current
The value of a part.
In at least one embodiment, charging circuit includes charger current sensor.In some embodiments, charger
Current sensor includes difference amplifier and resistor.In at least one embodiment, it is logical to be configured as detection for difference amplifier
Cross the electric current of resistor.It in some embodiments, is total current by the electric current of resistor.According to one embodiment, controller
Being additionally configured to storage indicates the first current value of the first sensing signal.In at least one embodiment, the first current value is equal to
The second part of total current.In some embodiments, the second part of total current is substantially independent of the first part of total current.
According to some embodiments, system includes activation switch.
In at least one embodiment, activation switch is to connect with base stage interconnecting piece, collector interconnecting piece with emitter
The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in portion.In at least one embodiment, switch be with grid interconnecting piece, source electrode interconnecting piece and
The Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) of drain junctions.According to some embodiments, the grid of switch connects
Grid voltage at socket part is substantially controlled by the collector current that the collector interconnecting piece of activation switch is drawn.At at least one
In embodiment, collector current is substantially controlled by the base current for being supplied to the base stage interconnecting piece of activation switch.According to some
Embodiment, base current are substantially controlled by controller.
The aspect of the disclosure is directed to a kind of uninterruptible power system comprising is connected to the charging of battery and logic power
Device, charger are configured to supply total current, and the first part of total current is provided to battery and its second part is provided to
Logic power, charger include be configured as detection total current and provide total current instruction charger current sensor and
For controlling charger current sensor to detect the device of the first part of total current and the second part of total current.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is not intended to drawn to scale.In attached drawing, each of show in each figure identical or close to identical
Component is indicated with similar number.For purposes of clarity, not each component can be labeled in each figure.In attached drawing
In:
Figure 1A is the block diagram of on-Line UPS (UPS)；
Figure 1B is the block diagram of line line-interactive UPS；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of conventional trickle current sensor；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart according to the process for detecting battery trickle current of one embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the simplified electrical circuit diagram according to the charger current sensing circuit of one embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the simplified electrical circuit diagram according to the current distribution topological structure of one embodiment；And
Fig. 6 is the diagram according to the electric current and Voltage trace of one embodiment relative to the time.
Detailed description
The trickle current for the battery that various aspects and example are supplied in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for detection.Existing survey
The method of trickle current is measured using expensive and unrelated component, and consumes unnecessary a large amount of electric power.Example solution provided herein
It has determined aforementioned drawback, provides trickle current detection with reduced cost, less component and lower power consumption.
Described in the example of process discussed herein and system is not limited in its application to be described below or attached
The details of the construction and arrangement of component shown in figure.Method and system can be implemented in other embodiments, and can be with
Various modes are practiced or carried out.Being merely to illustrate property of the example purpose of specific implementation provided herein and be not intended to limit.Tool
For body, it is not intended in conjunction with movement, component, element and the feature that any one or more example is discussed and excludes any other
Example in similar effect.
In addition, wording used herein and term are for purposes of illustration, and to be not construed as restrictive.For this
Example, embodiment, component, element or any reference of movement of the system and method referred in text with odd number also may include
Embodiment including plural number, and any embodiment for this paper, component, element or movement any of plural form refer to
Also may include only includes singular embodiment.The reference of singular or plural form is not intended to limit presently disclosed
System or method, their component, movement or element.Use " including (including) " herein, " including
(comprising) ", " having ", " containing " and " being related to " and its modification are intended to include the project enumerated thereafter and its equivalent with
And additional project.The reference of "or" may be interpreted as inclusive, allows and is indicated using any term described in "or"
Single, more than one and all of any one of described term.In addition, in this document and being incorporated by reference into
In the case that the usage of term is inconsistent between file, the terminology usage in the file being incorporated to is as to the term in this document
The supplement of usage；For terminology usage that is irreconcilable inconsistent, being subject in this document.
Indirect calculating of the embodiment being discussed herein generally directed to battery trickle current.In some power equipments, battery
Charger provides the total current distributed between battery and logic power (LPS).As indicated by equation (1), charger current is big
Cause the scalar sum for being equal to battery current and LPS electric current:
iT≈iLPS+iBattery(1)
Wherein, iTThe total current provided by charger, i are providedLPSIndicate the electric current and i that are supplied to LPSBatteryExpression mentions
Supply the electric current of battery.It can be by by battery current iBatteryIt is set as zero and measures total current iTTo calculate LPS electric current iLPS, when
Battery current iBatteryWhen being zero, total current iTEqual to LPS electric current iLPS.By battery current iBatteryBe set as zero can by disconnect with
The switch that battery is connected in series is realized, to interrupt the guiding path for arriving battery.Once calculating substantially invariable LPS electric current
iLPSValue, battery current iBatteryMeasurement total current i can be passed through at any follow-up timeTAnd it therefrom subtracts known constant
LPS electric current iLPSValue calculates.
Referring now to the drawings, Figure 1A shows the block diagram of the on line type UPS 100 according to one embodiment.Diagram
UPS100 includes input terminal 102, output end 104, AC/DC rectifier 106, DC/AC inverter 108, charger 110, battery
112, logic power (LPS) 114, controller 116, by-pass switch 118 and DC/DC converter 120.
Input terminal 102 is coupled to output end 104 via by-pass switch 118, and is connected to rectifier 106 and input power
(not shown), such as communal facility main power source, the input power are configured as providing AC electric power to UPS100.Output end 104 passes through
Input terminal 102 is coupled to by by-pass switch 118, and is connected to inverter 108 and load (not shown).Rectifier 106 couples
To input terminal 102, inverter 108 and charger 110, and it is communicably coupled to controller 116.Inverter 108 is coupled to whole
Device 106, output end 104 and battery 112 are flowed, and is communicably coupled to controller 116.Charger 110 is coupled to rectifier
106, battery 112 and LPS114, and it is communicably coupled to controller 116.Battery 112 is coupled to charger 110 and converter
120, and it is communicably coupled to controller 116.LPS114 is coupled to charger 110 and controller 116, and also communicatedly coupling
Close controller 116.By-pass switch 118 is coupled between input terminal 102 and output end 104, and is further communicatively coupled
To controller 116.Converter 120 is coupled to battery 112 and inverter 108, and is communicably coupled to controller 116.Control
Device 116 is coupled to LPS114, and be communicably coupled to rectifier 106, inverter 108, charger 110, battery 112,
LPS114, by-pass switch 118 and converter 120.
Based on the quality of AC electric power received at input terminal 102, UPS100 is configured as with several different operation moulds
One of formula is operated.For example, controller 116 monitors AC electric power, and based on the AC electric power monitored according to one embodiment
Characteristic, to rectifier 106, inverter 108, charger 110, battery 112, by-pass switch 118 and converter 120 send control
Signal, to control the operation mode of UPS100.
UPS100 be configured in bypass mode, one of battery mode and normal manipulation mode operated.In bypass mould
In formula, by-pass switch 118 is closed in response to receiving control signal from controller 116, so that received at input terminal 102
AC electric power is supplied directly to output end 104 via by-pass switch 118.In battery mode, by-pass switch 118 is disconnected, and electricity
Pond 112 provides electric power to output end 104 by converter 120 and inverter 108.Converter 120 is configured to will be from battery 112
Received DC electric power is converted into different DC voltage levels (for example, bigger DC voltage level), and by the DC electric power after conversion
It is supplied to inverter 108.Inverter 108 is configured as being converted to received DC electric power into AC electric power and provides the AC electric power
To output end 104.
In it & apos by-pass switch 118 disconnects, and inputs AC electric power and pass through rectifier 106 and inverter 108
It is supplied to output end 104 and charger 110 is supplied to by rectifier 106.Charger 110 is configured as receiving AC electric power and mention
For exporting electric current, a part of the output electric current is provided to battery 112 to charge to battery 112, and the output electric current
A part is provided to LPS114 to power to LPS114.LPS114 is configured as providing electricity to the logical block of UPS100 again
Power, the logical block include the logical block of such as controller 116.In some embodiments, charger 110 can be configured as
Output electric current is provided to alternately or additionally component.
Figure 1B shows the block diagram of the line interactive mode UPS150 according to one embodiment.UPS150 includes input terminal 152, output
End 154, automatic voltage adjust transformer 156, filter 158, bidirectional transducer 160, battery 162, auxiliary charging device 164, open
Close 166, LPS168 and controller 170.In an alternative embodiment, battery 162 can be by least the one of one or more batteries
Group supplement or replacement.
Input terminal 152 is connected to transformer 156, auxiliary charging device 164 and AC power supplies (not shown).Transformer 156 connects
To input terminal 152, filter 158 and bidirectional transducer 160, and it is communicably coupled to controller 170.Filter 158 couples
To transformer 156 and output end 154.Output end 154 is connected to filter 158 and external loading (not shown).Bidirectional transducer
160 are coupled to transformer 156 and battery 162, and are communicably coupled to controller 170.Battery 162 is coupled to bidirectional transducer
160, switch 166 and LPS168, and it is communicably coupled to controller 170.
Switch 166 is coupled to auxiliary charging device 164 and battery 162, and is communicably coupled to controller 170.LPS168
It is coupled to battery 162, auxiliary charging device 164 and controller 170, and is communicably coupled to controller 170.Auxiliary charging device
164 are coupled to input terminal 152, switch 166 and LPS168, and are communicably coupled to controller 170.Controller 170 is coupled to
LPS168, and it is communicably coupled to transformer 156, bidirectional transducer 160, battery 162, auxiliary charging device 164, switch 166
And LPS168.
Similar on line type UPS 100, line interactive mode UPS150 is configured to based on AC electricity received at input terminal 152
The quality of power is operated with several different one of operation modes.For example, controller 170 monitors AC according to one embodiment
Electric power, and the characteristic based on the AC electric power monitored, to transformer 156, bidirectional transducer 160, battery 162, auxiliary charging
Device 164, switch 166 and LPS168 send control signal, to control the operation mode of UPS150.
Using the data being stored in associated memory, controller 170 can be operated to execute and can cause to charging
One or more instructions of the manipulation of device and battery current level.In some instances, controller 170 may include one or
More processors or other kinds of controller.Controller 170 can execute function described herein on a processor
A part, and another part is executed using the specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for being adapted for carrying out specific operation.As shown in this article
Example illustrated by, many specific combinations that hardware and software can be used in example according to the present invention are described herein to execute
Operation, and the present invention is not only restricted to any specific combination of hardware and software component.
If received AC electric power is in specified tolerance interval at input terminal 152, a part of quilt of AC electric power
It is supplied to output end 154, and a part of AC electric power is provided to battery 162 to charge to battery 162.If AC electric power does not exist
In specified tolerance interval, then battery 162 is configured as providing the electric power of storage to output end 154.
During normal manipulation mode, received electric power is provided to transformer 156 at input terminal 152, and according to
The state of battery 162 is provided to auxiliary charging device 164.Transformer 156 is configured as the received electric power of automatic adjustment institute and will
The electric power of adjusting is supplied to filter 158.Filter 158 is configured as being filtered the electric power of adjusting, and will be filtered
The electric power of adjusting is supplied to the load for being connected to output end 154.
In it & apos electric power is provided to battery 162 to battery 162 with one of at least two charging schemes
Charging.In fully charged mode, transformer 156 is configured as mentioning a part of AC electric power received at input terminal 152
Bidirectional transducer 160 is supplied, which is configured as being supplied to by AC power rectifier at DC electric power and by DC electric power
Battery 162 is to charge to battery 162.In trickle charge mode, auxiliary charging device 164 is configured as receiving from input terminal 152
DC electric power by AC power rectifier at DC electric power, and is provided to LPS168 by a part of AC electric power, and at switch 166
Battery 162 is provided to via switch 166 when closure and on state.
UPS150 is configured as when battery 162 reaches threshold value charging level (nominally referred to as fully charged level), from
Fully charged mode is transformed into trickle charge mode.Fully charged level can be charging electricity that is any specified or being dynamically determined
It is flat.When reaching fully charged level, controller 170 is configured to that bidirectional transducer 160 is forbidden to charge battery 162, and
Auxiliary charging device 164 is allowed to charge battery 162.Auxiliary charging device 164 can continue to provide reduced electric current to battery 162
(referred to herein as trickle-charge current) is to keep fully charged level.Trickle-charge current is a kind of relatively small electricity
Stream usually requires very sensitive measuring part when direct measurement to carry out precise quantification, fills so as to cause measurement trickle
The expensive and excessively complicated solution of electric current.
In order to solve aforementioned problem, at least some embodiments disclosed herein detect trickle current indirectly.For example, at least
In one embodiment, current detector is arranged in auxiliary charging device 164, to measure the total electricity provided by auxiliary charging device 164
Stream, part of it are supplied to battery 162, and a part is supplied to LPS168.The electric current for being supplied to LPS168 is substantially invariable value,
The value can be by selectively blocking the electric current of battery 162 and measuring to be come directly by total current that auxiliary charging device 164 provides
Connect measurement.It, can be from the measurement total current provided by auxiliary charging device 164 when reactivating to the electric current of battery 162 for seasonable
In subtract the measurement current value for being supplied to LPS168, be supplied to the trickle current of battery 162 to calculate.Pass through control switch 166
On state, enable and disable to the property of can choose from auxiliary charging device 164 to the electric current of battery 162 supply.
For UPS100 there may be similar difficulty, can according to the state of battery 112 in fully charged mode and
Switch between trickle charge mode.The direct measurement for being supplied to the trickle-charge current of battery 112 similarly usually requires very
Sensitive measuring part carries out the precise quantification of trickle-charge current, leads to expensive and excessively complicated solution in some instances
Certainly scheme.In order to solve above-mentioned problem, in charger 110 provide current detector come measure provided by charger 110 it is total
Electric current, part of it are supplied to battery 112, and a part is supplied to LPS114.It is substantially invariable for being supplied to the electric current of LPS114
Value, the value can by selectively block the electric current of battery 112 and measure come by total current that charger 110 provides it is direct
Measurement.It supplies at once, offer can be subtracted from the measurement total current provided by charger 110 when restoring the electric current to battery 112
To the value of the measurement electric current of LPS114, to calculate the trickle current for being supplied to battery 112.Pass through control charger 110 and battery
The on state of the switch coupled between 112 is enabled and is disabled to the property of can choose from charger 110 to the electric current of battery 112
Supply.
Fig. 2 shows the traditional trickle current sensors 200 for being configured to realize in battery (for example, battery 162).Tiny stream
Galvanic electricity flow sensor 200 includes the shunt resistance device being connected between the first both high side node 22 204 and the second both high side node 22 206
202, and it is connected to first resistor device 210, second resistor 212,3rd resistor device 214, the 4th resistor 216, electric current sense
Survey the high voltage side current sensing amplifier 208 of node 218 and reference mode (for example, ground nodes).High voltage side current sensing is put
Big device 208 is configured as the voltage drop at measurement 202 both ends of shunt resistance device, therefrom calculating current value, and to current sense section
Point 218 provides the current sensing signal of indicator current value.Current sense node 218, which may be coupled to, to be configured as receiving electric current sense
Survey the external digital signal processor (DSP) of signal.For example, and refer to Figure 1B, the current value that senses can be used to adjust in DSP
System is supplied to the amount of the trickle current of battery 162.
Trickle current sensor 200 has the shortcomings that at least three.Firstly, because directly measurement trickle current need it is sensitive but
Stable component, so 208 highly-specialised of high voltage side current sensing amplifier and with high costs.High voltage side current sensing amplification
Device 208 must be sensitively, because battery trickle current may be very small value (for example, 5-15 milliamperes [mA]).Continue
With reference to Figure 1B and Fig. 2, current sense amplifier 208 must be stable, because trickle current sensor 200 is designed in electricity
It is realized in pond 162 (that is, high-pressure side), which shows that the high voltage (for example, 55 volts [V]) of sensing unit can be damaged.
In order to weaken the influence of high-tension battery voltage verses current sensing amplifier 208, second resistor 212 is provided to mitigate high voltage pair
The potential damage of current sense amplifier 208 influences.Secondly, trickle current sensor 200 needs to add another additional components
(shunt resistance device 202) measures the reference resistance of trickle current to provide according to it.Increase component count, which can unnecessarily increase, to be set
Count cost and complexity.Third, the shunt resistance device 202 that addition provides reference resistance cause by external shunt resistance device 202
Caused additional power losses and voltage drop, this negatively affects the efficiency of trickle current sensor 200.It is every in aforementioned drawback
One can be at least partially attributed to trickle current sensor 200 and similar traditional sensors realized in battery 162 with
The fact that directly measurement is supplied to the relatively small trickle current of battery 162.
Fig. 3 shows the process 300 for being used to measure battery trickle current of embodiment according to the present invention.Process 300 can
To be executed by controller (for example, controller 116, controller 170 etc.), and including disconnecting switch (such as switch 166), measuring the
One total current, closure switch, the second total current of measurement and the movement for calculating battery trickle current.
At movement 302, process 300 starts.At movement 304 and Figure 1B is referred to, controller 170 disconnects switch, this is opened
Pass is configured to selectively control from auxiliary charging device 164 to the electric current of battery 162 and supply, and the auxiliary charging device 164 is to electricity
Pond 162 and LPS168 provide electric power.For example, disconnecting switch makes between battery 162 and auxiliary charging device 164 at movement 304
Charge path disconnects, to prevent charging current from flowing to battery 162.Therefore, the total current provided by auxiliary charging device 164 completely and
Technically it is supplied to LPS168.At movement 306, controller 170 measures total electricity that LPS168 is supplied to by auxiliary charging device 164
Stream, and store the value for indicating to be supplied to the electric current of LPS168.In at least one embodiment, state of the LPS168 independently of switch
Draw the electric current of substantially constant amount.
At movement 308,170 closure switch of controller, so that restarting is from auxiliary charging device 164 to battery 162
Trickle current supply.At movement 310, controller 170 measures the total current provided by auxiliary charging device 164, a portion
It is supplied to battery 162, a part is supplied to LPS168.At movement 312, controller 170 calculates the trickle for being supplied to battery 162
Electric current.For example, controller 170 can be used movement 306 at measure LPS168 current value and movement 310 at measure by
The total current that auxiliary charging device 164 provides calculates battery trickle current.Electricity is equal to by the total current that auxiliary charging device 164 provides
The trickle current in pond 162 and it is supplied to the sum of electric current of LPS168, and trickle current passes through total electricity from auxiliary charging device 164
The value of LPS168 electric current is subtracted in stream to calculate.At movement 314, process 300 terminates.
Fig. 4 shows charger current sensor 400, is configured as detecting the total electricity provided by auxiliary charging device 164
Stream, as discussed above with respect to Fig. 3.Current sensor 400 includes current-limiting resistor 402, difference amplifier 404, buffering electricity
Road 406, bias resistor 408, the first clamp diode 410, the second clamp diode 416 and bias generator 418.Shown
Embodiment in, current sensor 400 is realized in auxiliary charging device 164, and be configured as measurement by auxiliary charging device 164
The total current of offer.In other embodiments, current sensor can be realized in the external of auxiliary charging device 164.
Difference amplifier 404 measures the voltage value at 402 both ends of current-limiting resistor, and the resistance of current-limiting resistor 402 is known
Value.Current-limiting resistor 402 is connected between first node 412 and second node 420 (for example, negative interconnecting piece of battery 162), should
Second node 420 is coupled to battery 162 and LPS168 in Fig. 5, as discussed in more detail below.Using measurement voltage value and
The known value of current-limiting resistor 402, difference amplifier 404 generate instruction and pass through the electricity of the current value of current-limiting resistor 402
Sensing signal is flowed, and current sensing signal is supplied to by output node 414 by bias resistor 408.Output node 414 can be with
It is coupled to such as DSP, which is configured as the analog current sensing letter for receiving instruction by the total current of current-limiting resistor 402
Number.Analog current sensing signal can be configured to handle in the DSP inside or outside controller 170 and provide output signal with
The total current provided by auxiliary charging device 164 is provided.
Current-limiting resistor 402 executes at least two functions.Firstly, at least one embodiment, current-limiting resistor 402 is
Pre-existing component in auxiliary charging device 164, the pre-existing component are configured as limitation and are supplied to 162 He of battery
The total current of LPS168.Secondly, current-limiting resistor 402 can be used as the reference resistor for calculating total current value according to it, institute as above
It discusses.Because current-limiting resistor 402 is pre-existing component, charger current sensor 400 does not need additional electricity
Device is hindered to measure the total current exported by auxiliary charging device 164, this is different from the trickle current for needing to add shunt resistance device 202
Sensor 200.In addition, there is no additional power loss in current-limiting resistor 402, because current-limiting resistor 402 is pre-existing
Component, power consumption will not obviously by addition charger current sensing circuit be influenced.
With continued reference to trickle current sensor 200, because trickle current sensor 200 directly measures trickle current,
Trickle current sensor 200 needs the high voltage side current amplifier 208 of profession to detect relatively small electric current.In addition, because tiny stream
Galvanic electricity flow sensor 200 is subjected to it in the high voltage for the battery 162 wherein realized, so high voltage side current amplifier 208 is necessary
It is sufficiently solid not damaged by high voltage, and need to add second resistor 212 come high voltage of decaying.On the contrary, compared to electricity
Voltage in pond 162, charger current sensor 400 is exposed to the lower voltage in auxiliary charging device 164, therefore does not need picture
High voltage side current amplifier 208 is stablized like that, does not need resistor also come high voltage of decaying.In addition, charger current sensor
400 are configured as measuring the total current provided by auxiliary charging device 164, which does not have that youngest of battery trickle current small, because
This does not need the current measuring members of High sensitivity and profession.Difference amplifier 404 can be measured to be provided by auxiliary charging device 164
Total current, and it is more cheaper than high voltage side current amplifier 208 and more voluminous.As discussed above, it eliminates to dedicated and expensive
Component needs to provide several advantages.
Buffer circuit 406 is configured as inhibiting the voltage transient between difference amplifier 404 and buffer circuit 406.For example,
Buffer circuit 406 may include the resistor being connected in series with capacitor, so that unexpected due to voltage spikes passes through resistor and electricity
Dissipate to condenser resistance.It is inclined that bias resistor 408 is configured as the current sensing signal for making to be exported by difference amplifier 404
The resistor set, and can be tuned by the requirement by the DSP for being connected to output node 414.
First clamp diode 410 is configured as preventing negative voltage spike present in output node 414.For example, if
There is the negative voltage spike for being enough the first clamp diode of forward bias 410 at output node 414, then output node 414 will
Ground nodes are attached to by the first clamp diode 410 of forward bias, to avoid exceeding the first clamp diode 410
The negative voltage spike damage of forward voltage is connected to the component of output node 414.
Similarly, the second clamp diode 416 is configured as preventing positive voltage spikes present in output node 414.The
The anode of two clamp diodes 416 is connected to output node 414, and the cathode of the second clamp diode 416 is connected to biasing hair
Raw device 418, the bias generator 418 are configured to supply bias voltage (for example, bias voltage of 3.3V).For example, if
There are the positive voltage spikes for being enough the second clamp diode of forward bias 416 at output node (for example, being greater than with voltage level
The due to voltage spikes of bias voltage), then output node 414 will be attached to by the second clamp diode 416 of forward bias by inclined
The voltage of the output of generator 418 is set, so that the positive voltage spikes damage for avoiding exceeding bias voltage is connected to output node 414
Component.
Fig. 5 is the simplification circuit 500 for showing the current distribution in UPS150.Simplifying circuit 500 includes battery 162, auxiliary
Charger 164, switch 166, LPS168, diode 502, spacing wave generator 506, activation switch 508, first resistor 510,
Second resistance 512,3rd resistor 514, the 4th resistance 516 and cell resistance 518.As discussed above, auxiliary charging device 164 is matched
It is set to and provides total current by diode 502, a part of the total current is supplied to battery 162, and a part is supplied to
LPS168.Diode 502 can be operated to prevent undesirable reverse current from flowing to auxiliary charging device 164.
When switch 166 is in closure and conduction position, a part for the total current supplied by auxiliary charging device 164 passes through
For switch 166 to charge to battery 162, the rest part of total current is provided to LPS168.It is supplied to battery 162 and LPS168
Electric current is then communicated to the second node 420 of Fig. 4, and by current-limiting resistor 402 to generate current sensing signal.It is filled by auxiliary
The sub-fraction for the total current that electric appliance 164 is supplied can also be drawn by second resistor 512, as discussed in more detail below,
But it is substantially negligible and disregards.On the contrary, being supplied when switch 166 is in and disconnects and be not turned on position by auxiliary charging device 164
All electric currents answered are supplied to LPS168.
As discussed above, the state regardless of switch 166, the amount for the electric current that LPS168 is drawn are substantially constant.
Therefore, when switch 166, which is in disconnection, and is not turned on position to prevent current direction battery 162, electric current needed for LPS168
It can be calculated by measurement by the total current that auxiliary charging device 164 provides, and total current is approximately equal to needed for LPS168
Electric current.It is closed and when battery 162 starts to draw electric current when switch 166 is supplied to after the electric current of LPS168 in measurement, Ke Yitong
It crosses the total current that measurement is supplied by auxiliary charging device 164 and subtracts the known current value for being supplied to LPS168 come calculating current.
In at least one embodiment, switch 166 can be implemented as P type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
(MOSFET).As one of ordinary skill will recognize, p-type MOSFET is configured as when bias voltage (example appropriate
Such as, relative to the voltage negative enough of dram-source voltage) closure when being applied to its grid interconnecting piece.Because switch 166
Grid interconnecting piece is linked to the node of connection second resistor 512 and 3rd resistor device 514, so gate bias voltage is basic
The upper electric current for depending on flowing through second resistor 512 and 3rd resistor device 514.Second resistor 512 and are flowed through in order to modulate
The electric current of three resistors 514 controls the state of activation switch 508 of series connection to adjust through second resistor 512, third
Resistor 514 and activation switch 508 flow to the magnitude of current of ground connection.
In at least one embodiment, activation switch 508 is implemented as npn bipolar junction transistor (BJT).Pass through adjusting
The voltage of the base stage of activation switch 508 is applied to modulate the collector current by activating switch 508 to draw, the collector current
It is the electric current drawn by second resistor 512 and 3rd resistor device 514, which is controlled by spacing wave generator 506 again.
Spacing wave generator 506 can be operated according to (for example, being provided by controller 170) of the expectation state of instruction switch 166
It controls signal and generates voltage signal.Therefore, the state (i.e. conducting or non-conduction) of switch 166 is by spacing wave generator 506
State (i.e. logically high or logic low) control.
In an alternative embodiment, spacing wave generator 506 can be directly connected to the grid of switch 166, and second
Resistor 512,3rd resistor device 514 and activation switch 508 can be removed.First resistor device 510 and the 4th resistor 516 can
To be included or can be not included to bias the grid control signal provided by spacing wave generator 506.
The cell resistance 518 being connected between battery 162 and switch 166 indicates the internal resistance of battery 162, indicates again
Ideal DC battery.Therefore, although battery 162 and cell resistance 518 are illustrated as different elements, battery 162 and battery
Resistance 518 indicates the intrinsic element of single non-ideal DC battery jointly.
Fig. 6 shows the signal traces 600 for indicating to simplify the voltage and current signals in circuit 500.Signal traces 600 wrap
Include spacing wave generator Voltage trace 602, diode current trace 604, LPS current trace 606 and battery current trace
608.Spacing wave generator Voltage trace 602 indicates the voltage signal exported by spacing wave generator 506.Diode current
The instruction of trace 604 passes through the total current value of diode 502, which is equal to the total current provided by auxiliary charging device 164.
LPS current trace 606 indicates the current value drawn by LPS168.Battery current trace 608 indicates the electric current drawn by battery 162
Value.
Until time t1, each of trace 602-608 is substantially constant.Spacing wave voltage generator trace
602 in logic-high value (for example, voltage with about 3.3V).As indicated by battery current trace 608, battery 162 is drawn
Small trickle current (for example, about 5-15mA) is taken, and spacing wave voltage generator trace 602 is in logic-high value.As above
It is discussed, diode current trace 604 is substantially equal to the summation of LPS current trace 606 and battery current trace 608.
In time t1Place, spacing wave generator Voltage trace 602 are started to change to logic low state (such as 0V).It is mentioning
After the short time delay of bias voltage decline for supplying the grid of switch 166, switch 166 starts to turn from closure and on state
It goes off and not on-state.As indicated by battery current trace 608, when switch 166 stops conduction electric current completely, by
The electric current that battery 162 is drawn is in time t2Place falls to approximately zero.Diode current trace 604 declines equal amount again, and
Become to be substantially equivalent to LPS current trace 606.As discussed above, LPS current trace 606 keeps substantially constant, with static letter
The state of number generator Voltage trace 602 is unrelated.In time t2And t3Between, measurement is indicated total by diode current trace 604
Current value, and its value is stored as to indicate the value of the electric current drawn by LPS168.
In time t3Place, spacing wave generator Voltage trace 602 start to transform back into logic high state, and battery 162
Trickle current is drawn in recovery, as indicated by battery current trace 608.Each of trace 602-608 returns to substantially constant
Value, and the value of battery current trace 608 can pass through the value of measuring diode current trace 604 and subtract LPS electric current mark
The given value of line 606 calculates.
Battery trickle current measuring circuit and its operating method has been disclosed.It is disclosed relative to existing solution
Realization provide the component count of the efficiency of raising, the cost of reduction and reduction, benefit discussed herein.Although
The specific implementation of discussed solution is had been illustrated with, but optional realization is intended to fall in the scope of the present disclosure.
For example, although various switch elements (for example, switch 166, activation switch 508 etc.) have described as specific type
Switch, but substitute realize be possible.Each of switch element may be implemented as N-type MOSFET, p-type MOSFET,
NpnBJT, pnpBJT, electronic relay etc..In addition, specific value provides for aims of education, rather than in order to limit.
In addition, although auxiliary charging device 164, which has described as to LPS168 and battery 162, provides electric current, substitution
Realize to be also possible.For example, other than LPS168 or replacing LPS168, auxiliary charging device 164 can be mentioned to replacement circuit
For electric current, and the adjustable determination to the electric current for being supplied to battery 162 is to consider replacement circuit.
Above-mentioned benefit can be realized by more than one embodiment, and the design factor substituted can cause to portion
Type, quantity or the modification of configuration of part.Although some embodiments discussed above discuss the trickle current detector in UPS
Realization, but the trickle current detector being discussed herein can be realized in any suitable power equipment.Although herein will
Interested trickle current is described as small value, but the trickle current detector being discussed herein can detecte a certain range of electricity
Flow valuve, and the current value that is not limited to specific one or more.
Although the charger being discussed herein, which has described as, is connected to external power supply, such as AC main power source should be recognized
Know, charger may be coupled to any outside or inside AC or DC power supply, or can be not coupled to any additional AC or
DC power supply.In addition, be described herein as from AC electric power operation or provide AC electric power equipment embodiment can include 50Hz and
It is operated under multiple and different AC line frequencies of 60Hz.
Although the description of front is related to line interactive mode UPS, alternative embodiment can be related on line type UPS, off-line type
The use of UPS etc..In addition, alternate embodiment can be configured as sense although the description of front is related to sensing trickle current
Survey trickle current, fully charged electric current or both.In addition, battery charger disclosed herein and trickle current measuring device and side
Method can be used for the equipment in addition to UPS, including other battery powered equipment, such as laptop computer.
After several aspects have thus described at least one of disclosure embodiment, it is recognized that the technology of this field
Personnel will readily occur to various changes, modification and improve.Such changes, modifications and improvement are intended for one of the disclosure
Point, and be intended to fall in the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, description and attached drawing above is only exemplary.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of method of the battery current in detection uninterruptible power supply, the method includes following movements:
Using charger, battery current is provided to battery along charge path；
The charge path is disconnected to stop the battery current to the battery；
When the charge path is disconnected, the first total current supplied by the charger is determined；
The battery current is set to can be supplied to the battery；
When the battery current is supplied to the battery, the second total current supplied by the charger is determined；And
Determine the value for indicating the battery current.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, further including first total current that storage instruction is supplied by the charger
The first current value movement.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein it is determined that the battery current includes subtracting from second total current
First current value.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, disconnecting the charge path includes disconnecting being arranged in the charge path
In switch.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, wherein, so that the battery current is can be supplied to the battery includes closure
The switch.
6. a kind of uninterruptible power system, the system comprises:
Input terminal, the input terminal are configured as receiving the input electric power with input voltage；
Battery, the battery are configured as storage battery electric power；
Output end, the output end are configured to supply from least one of the input electric power and the battery electric power and obtain
Output power；
Charging circuit, the charging circuit are connected to the battery and power circuit, and the charging circuit is configured to supply always
Electric current, the first part of the total current is provided to the battery, and the second part of the total current is provided to institute
State power circuit；
Charger current sensor, the charger current sensor are configured as detecting the total current and provide total electricity
The instruction of stream；
Switch, the switch are connected to the battery and are configured as selectively controlling the supply of the electric current to the battery；
And
Controller, the controller are coupled to the switch and the charger current sensor, and the controller is configured as:
The switch is disconnected to prevent the first part of total current described in the battery receptacle；
The first sensing signal for indicating the total current is received from the charger current sensor；
The switch is closed so that the battery can receive the first part of the total current；
The second sensing signal for indicating the total current is received from the charger current sensor；
Determine the value for indicating the first part of the total current.
7. system according to claim 6, wherein the charging circuit includes the charger current sensor.
8. system according to claim 6, wherein the charger current sensor includes difference amplifier and resistance
Device.
9. system according to claim 8, wherein the difference amplifier is configured as detection and passes through the resistor
Electric current.
10. system according to claim 9, wherein the electric current by the resistor is the total current.
11. system according to claim 6, wherein the controller, which is additionally configured to storage, indicates first sensing
First current value of signal.
12. system according to claim 11, wherein first current value is equal to the second part of the total current.
13. system according to claim 6, wherein the second part of the total current is substantially independent of total electricity
The first part of stream.
14. system according to claim 6 further includes activation switch.
15. system according to claim 14, wherein the activation switch is connected with base stage interconnecting piece, collector
The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in portion and emitter interconnecting piece.
16. system according to claim 15, wherein the switch is with grid interconnecting piece, source electrode interconnecting piece and leakage
The Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) of pole interconnecting piece.
17. system according to claim 16, wherein the grid voltage at the grid interconnecting piece of the switch is basic
On controlled by the collector current that draws of the collector interconnecting piece of the activation switch.
18. system according to claim 17, wherein the collector current is substantially switched by being supplied to the activation
The base stage interconnecting piece base current control.
19. system according to claim 18, wherein the base current is substantially controlled by the controller.
20. a kind of uninterruptible power system, the system comprises:
Charger, the charger are connected to battery and logic power, and the charger is configured to supply total current, described total
The first part of electric current is provided to the battery and the second part of the total current is provided to the logic power, described
Charger includes the charger current sensor for the instruction for being configured as detecting the total current and providing the total current；And
For controlling the charger current sensor with detect the total current first part and the total current second
Partial device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/686,187 US10641831B2 (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Battery current measurement |
| US15/686,187 | 2017-08-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109425776A true CN109425776A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
| CN109425776B CN109425776B (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810971038.1A Active CN109425776B (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2018-08-24 | Battery current measurement |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10641831B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3447881B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109425776B (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020017164A1 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | 富士電機株式会社 | Uninterruptible power supply device |
| TWI713371B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-12-11 | 美律實業股份有限公司 | Headset charging system and headset charging method |
| CN110061559B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2022-01-25 | 联正电子(深圳)有限公司 | Off-line uninterrupted power supply and control method thereof |
| US11342835B2 (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2022-05-24 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Surge protection for digital input module |
| TWI741819B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-10-01 | 美律實業股份有限公司 | Power supply device and power supply method thereof |
| CN114513041A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-17 | 施耐德电气It公司 | Efficient Control Method of Uninterruptible Power Supply |
| EP4047784A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-08-24 | ABB Schweiz AG | Power supply assembly |
| JP7554390B2 (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2024-09-20 | 住友電装株式会社 | Charge/discharge control device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20190064274A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
| EP3447881B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
| CN109425776B (en) | 2021-12-31 |
| EP3447881A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
| US10641831B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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