CN109405884B - System and method for realizing humidity calibration function based on temperature and humidity sensor - Google Patents
System and method for realizing humidity calibration function based on temperature and humidity sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for realizing a humidity calibration function based on a temperature and humidity sensor, which comprises a temperature and humidity integrated sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, wherein the temperature and humidity integrated sensor comprises a temperature resistor and a humidity capacitor, and is placed in a high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box for detecting temperature and humidity; the RC oscillation circuit is connected with the temperature and humidity integrated sensor; the singlechip is used for calculating a humidity value H according to the temperature and humidity frequency value; the STM32 singlechip calibration board is used for communication conversion and data transmission; and the upper computer is used for writing the calculated coefficient into the singlechip. The invention also relates to a method for realizing the humidity calibration function based on the temperature and humidity sensor. By adopting the system and the method, the consistency of the humidity sensors after calibration can be ensured by calibrating each temperature and humidity sensor. The invention has small calculated amount and is suitable for the calibration of a low-end singlechip system. The method can meet the requirement of higher precision after compensation, and the humidity sensor after calibration has better consistency, and can be applied to a low-end singlechip system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to the field of sensor detection and calibration, and specifically relates to a system and a method for realizing a humidity calibration function based on a temperature and humidity sensor.
Background
The humidity compensation method of the conventional temperature and humidity sensor adopts algorithms such as BP neural network or RBP neural network and segmentation compensation of a least square method, and the like, as shown in figure 1.
The existing compensation method is selected according to the characteristics of the humidity sensor, an RBP neural network compensation algorithm is adopted at a low temperature and high temperature section, and a least square method is adopted at the middle section of the temperature to obtain a humidity value through straight line fitting calculation.
The existing compensation algorithm of the humidity sensor has the following defects:
1. the required temperature and humidity data points are relatively large, and the method is not suitable for mass production and application.
2. The calculation amount is large, and the requirement on a hardware system is high.
3. The method is difficult to apply to a low-end singlechip system, and has poor practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a system and a method for realizing a humidity calibration function based on a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the system and the method have the advantages of high precision after compensation, good consistency of the calibrated humidity sensor and wide application range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the system and method for achieving the humidity calibration function based on the temperature and humidity sensor of the present invention are as follows:
the system for realizing the humidity calibration function based on the temperature and humidity sensor is mainly characterized by comprising:
the temperature and humidity integrated sensor comprises a temperature resistor and a humidity capacitor, and is arranged in a high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box and used for detecting temperature and humidity;
the RC oscillation circuit is connected with the temperature and humidity integrated sensor and is used for outputting a certain temperature and humidity frequency value;
the singlechip is connected with the RC oscillation circuit and is used for calculating a humidity value H according to the temperature and humidity frequency value;
the STM32 singlechip calibration board is connected with the singlechip and is used for communication conversion and data transmission;
the upper computer is connected with the STM32 singlechip calibration board and is used for displaying data, calculating compensation coefficients and retesting calibrated data.
Preferably, the STM32 singlechip calibration board is connected with the singlechip through a single bus OWI.
The method for realizing the humidity calibration function based on the temperature and humidity sensor of the system is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The upper computer performs parameter setting;
(2) The system sets the temperature and the humidity and collects data;
(3) The upper computer calculates the compensation coefficient and transmits the compensation coefficient to the EEPROM of the singlechip;
(4) And the singlechip performs retest of calibrated data.
Preferably, the parameter settings in the step (1) include calibration point nTnH settings and fitting order settings of temperature and humidity.
Preferably, the step (2) specifically includes the following steps:
(2.1) setting the temperature and the humidity according to the calibration points;
(2.2) acquiring temperature and humidity frequency data under different temperatures and humidity after the high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box reaches a set temperature and humidity value and is stable for a period of time;
(2.3) calculating the temperature frequency value f by the singlechip through moving average filtering T Humidity frequency value f H 。
Preferably, the calculated temperature frequency value f in the step (2.3) T Humidity frequency value f H The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the temperature frequency value f by means of moving average filtering according to the following formula T Humidity frequency value f H ：
Where i=0, 1,2,3 … k, m is the number of fits of the temperature frequency.
Preferably, the step (3) specifically includes the following steps:
the upper computer calculates a compensation coefficient, converts each floating point data of the compensation coefficient into four bytes, and transmits the four bytes to the STM32 singlechip calibration board;
the STM32 singlechip calibration board of (3.2) transmits the data to the EEPROM of the singlechip through OWI.
Preferably, the calculating compensation coefficient in the step (3.1) specifically includes:
the compensation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, C is a constant coefficient, and n and m are fitting times of humidity frequency and temperature frequency respectively.
Preferably, the step (4) specifically includes the following steps:
the singlechip acquires temperature and humidity frequency data;
(4.2) calculating by the singlechip through a formula of multidimensional regression of moving average filtering to obtain a precise humidity value H and a precise temperature value;
and (4.3) transmitting the humidity value to the upper computer by the singlechip through the STM32 singlechip calibration board.
By adopting the system and the method for realizing the humidity calibration function based on the temperature and humidity sensors, the invention calibrates each temperature and humidity sensor, and can ensure the consistency of the calibrated humidity sensors. The invention has small calculated amount and is suitable for the calibration of a low-end singlechip system. The invention can meet the requirement of higher precision after compensation, and the humidity sensor after calibration has better consistency, and can be widely applied to low-end singlechip systems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art humidity sensor compensation method.
Fig. 2 is a calibration structure diagram of a system for realizing a humidity calibration function based on a temperature and humidity sensor according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a humidity calibration algorithm for realizing a humidity calibration function based on a temperature and humidity sensor according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a calibration flow chart of a humidity calibration algorithm for realizing a humidity calibration function based on a temperature and humidity sensor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the technical contents of the present invention, a further description will be made below in connection with specific embodiments.
This system of realization humidity calibration function based on temperature and humidity sensor, wherein, the system include:
the temperature and humidity integrated sensor comprises a temperature resistor and a humidity capacitor, and is arranged in a high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box and used for detecting temperature and humidity;
the RC oscillation circuit is connected with the temperature and humidity integrated sensor and is used for outputting a certain temperature and humidity frequency value;
the singlechip is connected with the RC oscillation circuit and is used for calculating a humidity value H according to the temperature and humidity frequency value;
the STM32 singlechip calibration board is connected with the singlechip and is used for communication conversion and data transmission;
the upper computer is connected with the STM32 singlechip calibration board and is used for displaying data, calculating compensation coefficients and retesting calibrated data.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the STM32 singlechip calibration board is connected with the singlechip through a single bus OWI.
The humidity calibration function method based on the temperature and humidity sensor of the system comprises the following steps:
(1) The upper computer performs parameter setting;
(2) The system sets the temperature and the humidity and collects data;
(2.1) setting the temperature and the humidity according to the calibration points;
(2.2) acquiring temperature and humidity frequency data under different temperatures and humidity after the high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box reaches a set temperature and humidity value and is stable for a period of time;
(2.3) calculating the temperature frequency value f by the singlechip through moving average filtering T Humidity frequency value f H ；
(3) The upper computer calculates the compensation coefficient and transmits the compensation coefficient to the EEPROM of the singlechip;
the upper computer calculates a compensation coefficient, converts each floating point data of the compensation coefficient into four bytes, and transmits the four bytes to the STM32 singlechip calibration board;
(3.2) the STM32 singlechip calibration board transmits the data to an EEPROM of the singlechip through OWI;
(4) The singlechip performs retest of calibrated data;
the singlechip acquires temperature and humidity frequency data;
(4.2) calculating by the singlechip through a formula of multidimensional regression of moving average filtering to obtain a precise humidity value H and a precise temperature value;
and (4.3) transmitting the humidity value to the upper computer by the singlechip through the STM32 singlechip calibration board.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the parameter settings in the step (1) include a calibration point nTnH setting and a fitting order setting of temperature and humidity.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculated temperature frequency value f in the step (2.3) T Humidity frequency value f H The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the temperature frequency value f by means of moving average filtering according to the following formula T Humidity frequency value f H ：
Where i=0, 1,2,3 … k, m is the number of fits of the temperature frequency.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating compensation coefficient in the step (3.1) specifically includes:
the compensation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, C is a constant coefficient, and n and m are fitting times of humidity frequency and temperature frequency respectively.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the humidity sensor for batch humidity compensation calibration is formed by improving the problems of the prior art, and the humidity calibration can be performed on the differential temperature and humidity sensor, so that the humidity sensor has the advantages of high precision, strong practicability, simplicity and reliability. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for calibrating the temperature and humidity sensor of the single-chip microcomputer system have the advantages that the temperature and humidity sensors are calibrated, the consistency of the calibrated humidity sensors can be guaranteed, the calculated amount is small, and the method and the device are suitable for calibrating the single-chip microcomputer system at the low end. The key points and the protection points of the invention are as follows: humidity compensation based on a moving average filtering multidimensional regression analysis method and a humidity calibration algorithm of a temperature and humidity sensor.
The calibration structure of the temperature and humidity sensor mainly comprises a temperature and humidity integrated sensor, an RC oscillating circuit, a singlechip, a power supply, an STM32 singlechip calibration plate, a high-precision temperature and humidity box and an upper computer combined humidity calibration system, as shown in figure 2. The temperature and humidity integrated sensor formed by the temperature resistor and the humidity capacitor, the external capacitor and the resistor form an RC oscillating circuit, and a certain temperature and humidity frequency value can be output within a certain time. Because the singlechip does not support UART communication, a calibration board composed of STM32 singlechips is adopted in the calibration system to communicate with the singlechips through OWI (single bus). Finally, a multipoint communication system is formed by the RS-485 and the upper computer. In the humidity calibration system of humiture, the key effect that high accuracy humiture case played, the higher the precision of humiture case, the more stable the humiture frequency value that temperature and humidity sensor and oscillating circuit produced in certain time, the more accurate the humiture value that obtains through algorithm calculation.
The specific operation steps of the method for implementing the humidity calibration function based on the above system and its structural components are as follows, as shown in fig. 4:
(1) And setting parameters through an upper computer in the temperature and humidity calibration system. The method mainly comprises the steps of setting a calibration point nTnH, and fitting orders of temperature and humidity, wherein the selected calibration point is set through a high-precision temperature and humidity box.
(2) And setting a temperature and humidity box and collecting data. And setting temperature and humidity according to the set calibration points, acquiring temperature and humidity frequency data after the set temperature and humidity box reaches the set temperature and humidity value and is stable for a certain time, and then acquiring frequency data under different temperatures and humidity sequentially according to the steps.
(3) And calculating and transmitting compensation coefficients. When the temperature and humidity frequency corresponding to the last temperature point and humidity point is acquired, the upper computer automatically calculates the compensation coefficient, converts each floating point data of the compensation coefficient into four bytes, transmits the four bytes to the STM32 singlechip calibration board through RS-485, transmits the calibration board to the singlechip through OWI, and finally stores the calibration board in the EEPROM of the singlechip.
(4) Retest of the calibrated data. After the upper computer sends the command of the compensated humidity retest, the singlechip collects temperature and humidity frequency data, brings the obtained frequency value into a formula of multidimensional regression of the moving average filtering, calculates to obtain an accurate humidity value, and transmits the accurate humidity value to the upper computer for checking through the calibration board.
The humidity calibration algorithm of the present invention consists of moving average filtering, multidimensional regression analysis, etc., as shown in fig. 3. The original humidity capacitance frequency value f output by the moving average filtering pair H Temperature capacitance frequency value f T The multi-dimensional regression analysis method is to perform multi-order fitting on the temperature frequency value and the humidity frequency value to obtain a compensation coefficient of humidity, the upper computer writes the coefficient obtained by calculation after compensation into an EEPROM of the singlechip for storage, and the singlechip performs the filtering on the acquired temperature and humidity frequency value and then calculates by adopting a multi-dimensional regression formula to finally obtain the essenceThe specific algorithm formula of the determined humidity value H is shown as follows.
Where i=0, 1,2,3 … k, C is a constant coefficient, and n and m are fitting times of the humidity frequency and the temperature frequency, respectively.
The specific algorithm calibration principle is as follows:
placing a temperature and humidity sensor into a high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box, setting different temperature and humidity values, collecting a temperature frequency value and a humidity frequency value of the temperature and humidity sensor in a fixed time of a singlechip after the temperature and humidity box is stabilized, and carrying out moving average filtering by adopting a formula (1) to obtain a relatively stable temperature frequency value f T Humidity frequency value f H . According to the temperature and humidity frequency value, calculating, selecting "nTnH" to perform temperature compensation treatment of the humidity sensor, selecting "nTnH" to represent that n different humidity frequency values are collected at one temperature, n temperature points are collected in total, n x n combinations (f T ，f H ). Calculating according to the fitted orders m and n, and calculating to obtain a coefficient C through collected sample data and set theoretical data im Finally, the compensated humidity value H is calculated according to the coefficient, and the calibrating flow is shown in fig. 3. For example, the temperature and humidity compensation process is performed by using "2T2H", and the first-order fitting process of the function, that is, m=n=1, is implemented, and the solving steps are as follows.
(1) Solving for coefficient C according to equation 2 above i Each set of temperatures corresponds to a set of C i . According to equation h=c 0 +C 1 f H Can calculate a group of C 0 C 1 。
At a first set of temperature points T0:
at a second set of temperature points T1:
(2) Two groups of C obtained as described above were used 0 C 1 To solve for coefficient C im 。
First group T0:
second group T1:
and (3) bringing the formula (4) into the formula (6), and calculating the compensation coefficient of the humidity by bringing the formula (5) into the formula (7):
finally, a humidity value of 1-order fitting is obtained: h=f (F H ,f T )。
Similarly, the higher-order compensation coefficient can be obtained by utilizing the calculation principle, and then the humidity value is calculated.
By adopting the system and the method for realizing the humidity calibration function based on the temperature and humidity sensors, the invention calibrates each temperature and humidity sensor, and can ensure the consistency of the calibrated humidity sensors. The invention has small calculated amount and is suitable for the calibration of a low-end singlechip system. The invention can meet the requirement of higher precision after compensation, and the humidity sensor after calibration has better consistency, and can be widely applied to low-end singlechip systems.
In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent, however, that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (2)
1. A method for implementing humidity calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor by using a humidity calibration system, the system comprising:
the temperature and humidity integrated sensor comprises a temperature resistor and a humidity capacitor, and is arranged in a high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box and used for detecting temperature and humidity;
the RC oscillation circuit is connected with the temperature and humidity integrated sensor and is used for outputting a certain temperature and humidity frequency value;
the singlechip is connected with the RC oscillation circuit and is used for calculating a humidity value H according to the temperature and humidity frequency value;
the STM32 singlechip calibration board is connected with the singlechip and is used for communication conversion and data transmission;
the upper computer is connected with the STM32 singlechip calibration board and is used for displaying data, calculating compensation coefficients and retesting calibrated data;
the STM32 singlechip calibration board is connected with the singlechip through a single bus OWI;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The upper computer performs parameter setting;
(2) The system sets the temperature and the humidity and collects data;
(3) The upper computer calculates the compensation coefficient and transmits the compensation coefficient to the EEPROM of the singlechip;
(4) The singlechip performs retest of calibrated data;
the parameter settings in the step (1) comprise setting of a calibration point nTnH and setting of fitting orders of temperature and humidity; wherein, nTnH represents that n different humidity frequency values are collected at one temperature, n temperature points are collected in total, and n×n combinations are taken in total;
the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1) setting the temperature and the humidity according to the calibration points;
(2.2) acquiring temperature and humidity frequency data under different temperatures and humidity after the high-precision calibration temperature and humidity box reaches a set temperature and humidity value and is stable for a period of time;
(2.3) calculating the temperature frequency value f by the singlechip through moving average filtering T Humidity frequency value f H ；
The calculated temperature frequency value f in the step (2.3) T Humidity frequency value f H The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the temperature frequency value f by means of moving average filtering according to the following formula T Humidity frequency value f H ：
Wherein i=0, 1,2,3 … k, k is the number of temperature and humidity acquisitions, f T (i) For the ith temperature value, f, acquired by the singlechip H (i) The ith humidity value is acquired by the singlechip;
the step (3) specifically comprises the following steps:
the upper computer calculates a compensation coefficient, converts each floating point data of the compensation coefficient into four bytes, and transmits the four bytes to the STM32 singlechip calibration board;
(3.2) the STM32 singlechip calibration board transmits the data to an EEPROM of the singlechip through a single bus OWI;
the compensation coefficient is calculated in the step (3.1), specifically:
calculating the compensation coefficient C according to the following formula i ：
Wherein, C is a constant coefficient, n and m are fitting times of humidity frequency and temperature frequency respectively, and H is a calibrated humidity value.
2. The method for implementing humidity calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) specifically comprises the following steps:
the singlechip acquires temperature and humidity frequency data;
(4.2) calculating by the singlechip through a formula of multidimensional regression of moving average filtering to obtain a precise humidity value H and a precise temperature value;
and (4.3) transmitting the humidity value to the upper computer by the singlechip through the STM32 singlechip calibration board.
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| CN111735489A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-10-02 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Temperature and humidity calibration method and device for detector, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN114295254A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 江苏创芯海微科技有限公司 | Temperature and humidity sensor mass production calibration device and calibration method |
| CN114705725A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-07-05 | 上海申矽凌微电子科技有限公司 | Humidity sensor calibration method and system and humidity sensor |
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| CN108414007A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of soil temperature-moisture sensor temperature relevant nonlinear backoff algorithm |
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