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CN109399883A - 一种污泥厌氧消化方法 - Google Patents

一种污泥厌氧消化方法 Download PDF

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CN109399883A
CN109399883A CN201811507587.XA CN201811507587A CN109399883A CN 109399883 A CN109399883 A CN 109399883A CN 201811507587 A CN201811507587 A CN 201811507587A CN 109399883 A CN109399883 A CN 109399883A
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sludge
plant
digestion
dry slag
anaerobic
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蒋蓉
宋宁凡
石敬华
古励
何强
姜沁
祝瑞麟
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/107—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/20—Total organic carbon [TOC]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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  • Biotechnology (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种污泥厌氧消化方法，它包括步骤1、将餐饮油脂添加至植物干渣中搅拌混合，再加入剩余污泥进行混合；步骤2、将所述步骤1中所得的混合物进行厌氧消化；所述植物干渣为干枯挺水植物干渣或农业秸秆干渣；剩余污泥、餐饮油脂、植物干渣的VS质量比为1∶2∶0.2～2。本发明提高了污泥的甲烷产率、又能防止污泥酸化。

Description

一种污泥厌氧消化方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环境保护领域，具体涉及一种污泥厌氧消化方法。
背景技术
污水处理厂在运行中，污水会产生大量的剩余污泥，截至2014年年底，全国的污泥处置量仅为224.81万吨/年，而我国每年的污泥产量却高达3000万吨，无害化处理率实际不足10％。
因污泥厌氧消化能够实现对污泥的“减量化、无害化、资源化”处理，被越来越多的人所倡导，近年来，我国也逐渐意识到污泥厌氧消化处理的重要性，开展了一系列的理论研究，相继进行了诸多的工程实践，如上海白龙港、湖北襄阳鱼梁洲、大连东泰夏家河、青岛市麦岛等大型污泥处理处置工程实例，取得了一定的成果。重庆也相继建立了唐家沱污水处理厂、鸡冠石污水处理厂等一批配套有污泥处理处置设备的污水处理厂，然而，因重庆地区污泥泥质不佳(含砂量大、有机质含量低)，导致实际的运行效果与设计预期仍有一定的差距。因此，泥质不佳是限制污泥厌氧消化工艺在重庆地区乃至全国范围内推广运行的关键。
一直以来中国人都维持着用油脂烹饪美食的习惯，这种烹饪方式伴随着剩余油脂的排放，尤其在重庆、四川等习惯使用丰富油脂烹饪的地区。重庆素有“火锅之城”的美誉，发达的火锅行业每天产生数以万公斤计的餐饮油脂，餐饮油脂中含有大量的脂肪、油脂、碳水化合物、糖类及其他有机物，有机质含量高，具有非常高的热值，餐饮油脂每kg挥发性固体质量理论产甲烷能力高达1014L。
如果将高有机质含量的餐饮油脂添加到污泥中形成共消化基质，污泥的甲烷产率将大大改提高。虽然污泥加油脂提高了产甲烷能力，但缺点是容易酸化。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明所要解决的技术问题就是提供一种污泥厌氧消化方法，它能提高污泥的甲烷产率、又能防止污泥酸化。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过这样的技术方案实现的，它包括以下步骤：
步骤1、将餐饮油脂添加至植物干渣中搅拌混合，再加入剩余污泥进行混合；
步骤2、将所述步骤1中所得的混合物进行厌氧消化。
所述植物干渣为干枯挺水植物干渣或农业秸秆干渣。
本发明的技术效果是：
1、植物干渣与油脂、污泥三种物质协同作用，使得产甲烷能力增强，提高了甲烷产率；
2、植物干渣与油脂混合后消化，缓解抑制物的影响，缓冲有毒物质，提供更多的碱度，防止了污泥酸化；
3、调节消化基质有机质组成，使得易降解物质增多，水解速率增加。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
本实施例为：
实施准备：对剩余污泥进行重力浓缩，浓缩后含水率约为96％；将植物干渣绞碎至约2mm粒径，测定消化基质的基本性质参数：pH、TS(总固体)、VS(挥发性固体)、TOC、TN。
挥发性固体VS指在总固体中能在550度高温下挥发的那部分固体；挥发性固体VS为污泥、餐饮油脂和植物干渣中可通过生物降解的有机物量。
步骤1、餐饮油脂添加至植物干渣中进行搅拌混合，再加入剩余污泥和接种污泥进行混合，设定剩余污泥、餐饮油脂和植物干渣的VS质量比，并且混合后的消化底物含水率为96％～98％，C/N比(TOC/TN)在20～30之间，接种污泥的投加比例可根据体积比进行投加，接种污泥与待接种消化底物的体积比为1∶1～3。
步骤2、将步骤1的混合物置入厌氧消化罐中，密封后充入惰性气体确保厌氧环境，使用搅拌或振荡的方式使消化底物不断混合，反应温度为37℃±1，pH值维持在7～7.5，反应时间为40～50天，反应器不再产生沼气即反应停止，其中接种污泥的驯化时间为3～7天，接种污泥投加量越大，驯化时间越短。
采用集气袋对反应产生的气体进行收集，并使用气体微量流量计对气体体积进行测验。使用甲烷成分分析仪或者气相色谱分析仪进行分析测定沼气中的甲烷成分。
剩余污泥、餐饮油脂、植物干渣的VS质量比分别为1∶0∶0、1∶0∶2、1∶2∶0、1∶2∶0.2、1∶2∶1、1∶2∶2。实验用量和产气量见表1：
表1：实例测试结果
从表1看出：在VS投加比为1∶2∶1的条件下，单位投加量甲烷产量(341.5mL/g)是剩余污泥单独厌氧消化产甲烷量(88.1mL/g)的3.87倍，是剩余污泥与餐饮油脂(1∶2∶0)甲烷产量(241.6mL/g)的1.41倍。
测试结果表明：本发明在剩余污泥、餐饮油脂、植物干渣的VS质量比为1∶2∶0.2～2范围内，对产甲烷性能的提升十分明显，提高了甲烷产率。

Claims (5)

1.一种污泥厌氧消化方法，其特征是，包括以下步骤：
步骤1、将餐饮油脂添加至植物干渣中搅拌混合，再加入剩余污泥进行混合；
步骤2、将所述步骤1中所得的混合物进行厌氧消化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的污泥厌氧消化方法，其特征是：所述植物干渣为干枯挺水植物干渣或农业秸秆干渣。
3.根据权利要求2所述的污泥厌氧消化方法，其特征是：剩余污泥、餐饮油脂和植物干渣的VS质量比为1∶2∶0.2～2。
4.根据权利要求3所述的污泥厌氧消化方法，其特征是：剩余污泥、餐饮油脂和植物干渣的VS混合后的消化底物含水率为96%~98%，C/N比为20~30。
5.根据权利要求4所述的污泥厌氧消化方法，其特征是：厌氧消化的接种污泥与混合后的消化底物的体积比为1∶1～3。
CN201811507587.XA 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 一种污泥厌氧消化方法 Pending CN109399883A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002015945A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-28 Green Farm Energy A/S Concept for slurry separation and biogas production
CN102352380A (zh) * 2011-10-14 2012-02-15 大连力达环境工程有限公司 餐饮垃圾与污泥混合的厌氧处理方法及系统
CN102747107A (zh) * 2012-07-20 2012-10-24 北京化工大学 一种沼气发酵的方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002015945A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-28 Green Farm Energy A/S Concept for slurry separation and biogas production
CN102352380A (zh) * 2011-10-14 2012-02-15 大连力达环境工程有限公司 餐饮垃圾与污泥混合的厌氧处理方法及系统
CN102747107A (zh) * 2012-07-20 2012-10-24 北京化工大学 一种沼气发酵的方法

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