CN109383796A - A kind of ground effect vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of ground effect vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109383796A CN109383796A CN201811525483.1A CN201811525483A CN109383796A CN 109383796 A CN109383796 A CN 109383796A CN 201811525483 A CN201811525483 A CN 201811525483A CN 109383796 A CN109383796 A CN 109383796A
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- Prior art keywords
- wing
- ground effect
- adapter plate
- fuselage
- card adapter
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C35/00—Flying-boats; Seaplanes
- B64C35/005—Flying-boats; Seaplanes with propellers, rudders or brakes acting in the water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C3/00—Wings
- B64C3/38—Adjustment of complete wings or parts thereof
- B64C3/54—Varying in area
- B64C3/546—Varying in area by foldable elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C35/00—Flying-boats; Seaplanes
- B64C35/006—Flying-boats; Seaplanes with lift generating devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种地效飞行器，包括机身、螺旋桨、尾翼组件以及两个机翼组件，两个机翼组件对称设置于机身的两侧，尾翼组件可转动的设置于机身的尾端，螺旋桨可转动的设置于尾翼组件上，螺旋桨用于为地效飞行器提供推进力，且水面航行状态时，通过转动尾翼组件能够使螺旋桨伸入水中，螺旋桨伸入水中旋转地效飞行器转换为水动力工作状态，与气动力工作状态相比，水动力工作状态提供的推进力更大，能够支持地效飞行器在水面上航行，该地效飞行器无论是近地/水面飞行还是在水面航行，均能使用同一套螺旋桨进行驱动，整体结构简单，质量轻。
The invention discloses a ground effect aircraft, comprising a fuselage, a propeller, a tail assembly and two wing assemblies. The two wing assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fuselage, and the tail assembly is rotatably arranged at the rear end of the fuselage. , the propeller is rotatably arranged on the tail assembly, the propeller is used to provide propulsion for the ground effect aircraft, and when the water is in the state of sailing, the propeller can be extended into the water by rotating the tail assembly, and the propeller extends into the water and rotates the ground effect aircraft to convert into water In the power working state, compared with the aerodynamic working state, the hydrodynamic working state provides greater propulsion and can support the ground effect aircraft to navigate on the water surface. The same set of propellers can be used for driving, the overall structure is simple, and the weight is light.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aircraft fields, more particularly to a kind of ground effect vehicle.
Background technique
Ground effect vehicle is invention important in aviation aircraft, its birth and the discovery of " ground effect " cease manner of breathing
It closes.When aircraft closely/water surface flying when, under conditions of power remains unchanged, wing components generate lift with it is separate
Ground is compared to significantly increasing, and this phenomenon is referred to as " ground effect ", and ground effect vehicle is to have been developed using ground effect
A kind of course of new aircraft come.Under ground effect vehicle imitates state of flight on ground, the downwash flow of wing components is hindered, under
Speed reduction is washed, therefore induced drag reduces.Narrow regions between wing components and ground/water surface hinder the transverse flow of air-flow
Dynamic, air velocity reduces so that wing components lower surface static pressure increases, thus lift increases.Therefore, with conventional high-altitude flight
Device is compared, and it is a kind of fortune of suitable long range sea skimming that ground effect vehicle, which has induced drag small and the big advantage of lift resistance ratio,
Defeated tool.Based on this, research and design for novel ground effect vehicle are very necessary.
In view of the potential excellent properties of ground effect vehicle, many researchs are carried out to it both at home and abroad.Early in 1932, Finland
Engineer Kaario has carried out the test of ground effect vehicle model for the first time.Then, including the states such as Sweden, Germany, Switzerland also carry out
Model test.Nineteen sixties, the former Soviet Union have developed KM ground effect vehicle, quilt on the basis of testing machine SM-4
People are commonly known as " the Caspian Sea monster ", and take-off weight is up to 544 tons.Succeeding in developing for " the Caspian Sea monster " is worldwide lifted
The agitation of one research ground effect vehicle is played.Then successfully develop " Colombia " number ground effect vehicle in the U.S..Germany is right
Ground effect vehicle also has conducted extensive research, and develops the small-sized ground effect vehicles such as X series, tall brother's series and HW20 series.I
State develops ground effect vehicle since middle 1960s, has successfully developed DXF100, " swan number " and " letter day at present
Numerous ground effect vehicles such as father-in-law number ".Current ground effect vehicle in addition to can closely/water surface flying can also navigate on the water surface
Row, but since ground effect vehicle is by aerodynamic force propeller offer motive force, when navigating by water on the water surface, aerodynamic force propeller is mentioned
It is too small for motive force, it is not enough to that ground effect vehicle is supported to move ahead, in order to support ground effect vehicle in surface navigation, needs to increase more
Cover driving device, cause the structure of aircraft lengthy and jumbled with it is heavy.
Therefore it provides one kind can either near-earth/water surface flying, and can be navigated by water on the water surface, and overall structure is simple, matter
Measuring light ground effect vehicle is current urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ground effect vehicles, to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, imitate with making
Aircraft can either near-earth/water surface flying, can also be navigated by water on the water surface, and overall structure is simple, light weight.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of ground effect vehicle, including fuselage, propeller, fin assembly and two wing components, and two
A wing components are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of the fuselage, and the fin assembly is rotatably set to the tail of the fuselage
End, the propeller are rotatably set on the fin assembly, and the propeller for the ground effect vehicle for providing
Propulsive force, and when surface navigation state, the propeller can be made to protrude into water by rotating the fin assembly.
Preferably, the fin assembly includes tail boom and two horizontal tails, and the tail boom includes horizontal beam and perpendicular to described
Horizontal beam and the vertical beam connecting with the horizontal beam, two horizontal tails are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of the vertical beam, and two
A horizontal tail is rotatablely connected with the vertical beam, and the horizontal beam is rotatably installed on far from one end of the vertical beam
The tail end of the fuselage, the propeller are rotatably installed on the one end of the vertical beam far from the horizontal beam.
Preferably, the horizontal beam is fixedly installed roller gear, the tail of the fuselage far from one end of the vertical beam
End is equipped with the bar shaped gear being meshed with the roller gear, and the fuselage interior is provided with for driving the bar shaped gear
The driving device of movement.
Preferably, the wing components are extension type wing components.
Preferably, the wing components include the first wing, the second wing and third wing being successively slidably socketed, described
First wing is connect with the fuselage.
It preferably, further include telescoping mechanism, second wing is hollow cylindrical configuration, and the both ends of second wing are equal
The second aperture is offered, the third wing is slideably socketed on the inside of second wing, and on the third wing
It is fixedly installed the first card adapter plate, the telescoping mechanism is connect with first card adapter plate, and first card adapter plate is located at described
The inside of second wing, the size of first card adapter plate are greater than the size of second aperture.
Preferably, first wing is hollow cylindrical configuration, and the both ends of first wing offer the first aperture,
Second wing is slideably socketed on inside first wing, and the third wing is slideably socketed on described second
The inside of wing, one end of the third wing stretch out first wing and are provided with the second card adapter plate, second clamping
The size of plate is greater than the size of first aperture, and the telescoping mechanism is through second card adapter plate and first card adapter plate
Connection, the other end of the third wing are provided with third card adapter plate, and the third card adapter plate is set to second wing
Outside, and the size of the third card adapter plate is greater than the size of first aperture, first card adapter plate and second card
The distance between fishplate bar is not more than the sum of the length of second wing and first wing, to prevent second wing from passing through
First aperture skids off inside first wing.
Preferably, the tail boom is internally provided with drive shaft, and the fuselage interior is provided with for driving the drive shaft
The power device of rotation, the propeller include rotary shaft, and one end of the rotary shaft is rotatably installed on the tail boom
And with the driving axis connection inside the tail boom, the other end of the rotary shaft is provided with multiple blades, multiple paddles
Leaf it is in the same plane and along the rotary shaft circumferentially, the blade have negative twist angle.
Preferably, the rotary shaft is enclosed with radome fairing far from one end outer surface of the fuselage.
Preferably, the fuselage is streamline fuselage.
The present invention achieves following technical effect compared with the existing technology:
Ground effect vehicle disclosed by the invention, fin assembly are rotatably set to the tail end of fuselage, surface navigation state
When, propeller can be made to protrude into water by rotating fin assembly, propeller protrudes into rotation ground effect vehicle in water and is converted to water
Dynamically working state, compared with aerodynamic force working condition, the propulsive force that hydrodynamic force working condition provides is bigger, can imitate with supporting
Aircraft navigates by water on the water surface, which does not need to increase other driving devices in surface navigation state, and structure is simple,
Light weight.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ground effect vehicle near-earth/water surface flying state provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of ground effect vehicle surface navigation state provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of ground effect vehicle wing components provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the first wing of ground effect vehicle provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the second wing of ground effect vehicle provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of ground effect vehicle third wing provided by the invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of ground effect vehicle fin assembly provided by the invention；.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 7:
1- fuselage, the first wing of 2-, the second wing of 3-, 4- third wing, 5- vertical beam, 6- horizontal beam, 7- horizontal tail, 8- paddle
Leaf, the first card adapter plate of 9-, the second card adapter plate of 10-, 11- third card adapter plate, 12- radome fairing, 13- roller gear, 14- drive shaft,
15- rotary shaft, 16- telescoping mechanism, the first aperture of 17-, the second aperture of 18-.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ground effect vehicles, of the existing technology to solve the problems, such as, imitate flight with making
Device can either near-earth/water surface flying, can also be navigated by water on the water surface, and overall structure is simple, light weight.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of ground effect vehicles, as Figure 1-Figure 2, including fuselage 1, propeller, fin assembly with
And two wing components, two wing components are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of fuselage 1, fin assembly is rotatably set to fuselage 1
Tail end, propeller is rotatably set on fin assembly, and propeller is used to provide propulsive force, and the water surface for ground effect vehicle
When operational configuration, propeller can be made to protrude into water by rotating fin assembly, propeller, which protrudes into, rotates ground effect vehicle in water
Hydrodynamic force working condition is converted to, compared with aerodynamic force working condition, the propulsive force that hydrodynamic force working condition provides is bigger, can
Ground effect vehicle is supported to navigate by water on the water surface, the ground effect vehicle either near-earth/water surface flying is still in surface navigation, equal energy
It is driven using same set of propeller, overall structure is simple, light weight.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 2, fin assembly includes tail boom and two horizontal tails 7, tail
Beam includes horizontal beam 6 and perpendicular to horizontal beam 6 and the vertical beam 5 that connect with horizontal beam 6, and two horizontal tails 7 are symmetrically disposed on vertically
The two sides of beam 5, and two horizontal tails 7 are respectively positioned on the middle part of vertical beam 5 and are rotatablely connected with vertical beam 5, it can by rotation horizontal tail 7
Change the angle of attack of horizontal tail 7, so as to carry out pitch control to fuselage 1, the one end of horizontal beam 6 far from vertical beam 5 is rotationally
It is installed on the tail end of fuselage 1, propeller is rotatably installed on the one end of vertical beam 5 far from horizontal beam 6, so set, ground is imitated
Aircraft in near-earth/water surface flying on vertical beam 5 erect, propeller remotely/water surface, can be to avoid propeller in flight course
It is middle because accidentally contact to earth/water surface due to obstacle occurs, in surface navigation, tail boom component is rotated down 180 °, and propeller enters under water
Effect aircraft is converted to hydrodynamic force working condition, and propulsive force when surface navigation, ground effect vehicle structure letter are provided for aircraft
It is single, it is easy to use.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, horizontal beam 6 is fixedly installed far from one end of vertical beam 5
Roller gear 13, the tail end of fuselage 1 are equipped with the bar shaped gear being meshed with roller gear 13, and fuselage 1, which is internally provided with, to be used for
The driving device of bar shaped gear movement is driven, so set, fin assembly rotation is more steady.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, wing components are extension type wing components, so set, ground effect flight
For device in near-earth/water surface flying, wing components expansion is capable of providing biggish lift, and in surface navigation, wing components are shunk
The resistance that ground effect vehicle navigates by water in water can be effectively reduced.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, wing components include the first wing 2, the second wing being successively slidably socketed
3 and third wing 4, the first wing 2 connect with fuselage 1.
It further include telescoping mechanism 16, specifically, telescopic machine as shown in figures 3 to 6 in another specific embodiment of the present invention
Structure 16 is hydraulic stem, and the second wing 3 is hollow cylindrical configuration, and the both ends of the second wing 3 offer the second aperture 18, third machine
The wing 4 is slideably socketed on the inside of the second wing 3, and the first card adapter plate 9, telescoping mechanism are fixedly installed on third wing 4
16 connect with the first card adapter plate 9, and the first card adapter plate 9 is located at the inside of the second wing 3, and the size of the first card adapter plate 9 is greater than second
The size of aperture 18 is stretched out and is shunk so set, the first card adapter plate 9 is able to drive the second wing 3.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figures 3 to 6, the first wing 2 is hollow cylindrical configuration, the first machine
The both ends of the wing 2 offer the first aperture 17, and the second wing 3 is slideably socketed on inside the first wing 2, and third wing 4 can
It is slidably socketed on the inside of the second wing 3, one end of third wing 4 stretches out the first wing 2 and is provided with the second card adapter plate 10,
The size of second card adapter plate 10 is greater than the size of the first aperture 17, and telescoping mechanism 16 runs through the second card adapter plate 10 and the first card adapter plate
9 connections, the other end of third wing 4 are provided with third card adapter plate 11, and third card adapter plate 11 is set to the outside of the second wing 3,
And the size of third card adapter plate 11 is greater than the size of the first aperture 17, the distance between the first card adapter plate 9 and the second card adapter plate 10
No more than the sum of the length of the second wing 3 and the first wing 2, to prevent the second wing 3 through the first aperture 17 out of first wing 2
Portion skids off.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, tail boom is internally provided with drive shaft 14, set inside fuselage 1
It is equipped with the power device for driving drive shaft 14 to rotate, specifically, power device is turbogenerator, propeller includes rotation
Axis 15, one end of rotary shaft 15 are rotatably installed on tail boom and connect with the drive shaft 14 inside tail boom, rotary shaft 15
The other end is provided with multiple blades 8, multiple blades 8 it is in the same plane and along rotary shaft 15 circumferentially, blade 8 has
Negative twist angle, 8 torsion angle of blade refer to the difference of blade tip established angle and blade root established angle, 8 rotation status of blade, apart from rotation center
Remoter section incoming flow is bigger, therefore the motive force that there is blade 8 negative twist angle generate blade 8 is opened up along blade 8 to uniform
Distribution, can effectively improve the pneumatic efficiency of blade 8.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, rotary shaft 15 is wrapped up far from one end outer surface of fuselage 1
There is radome fairing 12, so set, the aeroperformance of rotary shaft 15 can be effectively improved.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, fuselage 1 is streamline fuselage, so set, 1 resistance of fuselage is reduced,
Effectively increase the aeroperformance of ground effect vehicle.
Specific examples are applied in the present invention, and principle and implementation of the present invention are described, above embodiments
Illustrate to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to
According to thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification
It should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ground effect vehicle, it is characterised in that: including fuselage, propeller, fin assembly and two wing components, two
The wing components are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of the fuselage, and the fin assembly is rotatably set to the tail of the fuselage
End, the propeller are rotatably set on the fin assembly, and the propeller for the ground effect vehicle for providing
Propulsive force, and when surface navigation state, the propeller can be made to protrude into water by rotating the fin assembly.
2. ground effect vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fin assembly includes that tail boom and two are flat
Tail, the tail boom include horizontal beam and perpendicular to the horizontal beam and the vertical beam that connect with the horizontal beam, and two described flat
Tail is symmetrically disposed on the two sides of the vertical beam, and two horizontal tails are rotatablely connected with the vertical beam, the horizontal beam
One end far from the vertical beam is rotatably installed on the tail end of the fuselage, and the propeller is rotatably installed on described
The one end of vertical beam far from the horizontal beam.
3. ground effect vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the one end of the horizontal beam far from the vertical beam
It is fixedly installed roller gear, the tail end of the fuselage is equipped with the bar shaped gear being meshed with the roller gear, the machine
Body is internally provided with the driving device for driving the bar shaped gear movement.
4. ground effect vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the wing components are extension type wing group
Part.
5. ground effect vehicle according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the wing components include successively being slidably socketed
First wing, the second wing and third wing, first wing are connect with the fuselage.
6. ground effect vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: further include telescoping mechanism, second wing is
Hollow cylindrical configuration, the both ends of second wing offer the second aperture, and the third wing is slideably socketed on institute
The inside of the second wing is stated, and is fixedly installed the first card adapter plate on the third wing, the telescoping mechanism and described first
Card adapter plate connection, first card adapter plate are located at the inside of second wing, and the size of first card adapter plate is greater than described
The size of second aperture.
7. ground effect vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first wing is hollow cylindrical configuration, institute
The both ends for stating the first wing offer the first aperture, and second wing is slideably socketed on inside first wing,
The third wing is slideably socketed on the inside of second wing, and first machine is stretched out in one end of the third wing
The wing is simultaneously provided with the second card adapter plate, and the size of second card adapter plate is greater than the size of first aperture, the telescoping mechanism
It being connect through second card adapter plate with first card adapter plate, the other end of the third wing is provided with third card adapter plate,
The third card adapter plate is set to the outside of second wing, and the size of the third card adapter plate is greater than first aperture
Size, the distance between first card adapter plate and second card adapter plate be not more than second wing and first machine
The sum of length of the wing, to prevent second wing from skidding off inside first wing through first aperture.
8. ground effect vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tail boom is internally provided with drive shaft, described
Fuselage interior is provided with the power device for driving the drive shaft turns, and the propeller includes rotary shaft, the rotation
One end of axis be rotatably installed on the tail boom and with the driving axis connection inside the tail boom, the rotary shaft
The other end is provided with multiple blades, multiple blades it is in the same plane and along the rotary shaft circumferentially, it is described
Blade has negative twist angle.
9. ground effect vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: outside the one end of the rotary shaft far from the fuselage
It is coated with radome fairing.
10. ground effect vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fuselage is streamline fuselage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811525483.1A CN109383796B (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | Ground effect aircraft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811525483.1A CN109383796B (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | Ground effect aircraft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109383796A true CN109383796A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CN109383796B CN109383796B (en) | 2024-07-09 |
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| CN110406521A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-05 | 蚌埠市建金智能科技有限公司 | A kind of aircushion vehicle with multiple honeycomb non-return valve functions |
| CN111169620A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江大学 | A telescopic wing mechanism with slotted flaps and continuously variable wingspan |
| CN111806677A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江安浮航空科技有限公司 | A rotary-wing aircraft with foldable and retractable fixed wings |
| CN112224430A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A carrier-based aircraft equipped with a modular wing take-off aid |
| CN112249215A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 郑州海王实业有限公司 | Diving ground effect wing ship |
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| CN113602299A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-11-05 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | Telescopic wing device for regulating aerodynamic force of high-speed train, high-speed train and control method |
| CN113665306A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-11-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Cross-medium aircraft water-air dual-purpose empennage |
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