CN109365887B - Milling blade - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a milling insert, which comprises a polygonal insert body, each side surface forms a cutting edge on the rake face of the insert body, two adjacent cutting edges are connected by an arc edge, and the cutting edge is in the two arcs There are wiper edges, inverted V-shaped edges, and transition straight cutting edges connected in sequence between the edges. The wiper edges are set horizontally, and the wiper edge is connected with the upslope edge of the inverted V-shaped edge. The downhill edge of the shaped edge is connected, and the apex of the inverted V-shaped edge is the highest point on the rake face. The cutting forces on both sides of the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge of the present invention are in opposite directions, and most of them can cancel each other, effectively reducing the cutting resistance, so that the cutting is light and vibration is reduced.

Description

a milling insert

technical field

The present invention relates to a metal cutting tool, in particular to a milling insert.

Background technique

The existing high-feed milling inserts for metal cutting are generally single to make the cutting force smaller, or to make the insert resistant to chipping, and rarely combine the curling, breaking, cutting force and chipping resistance of the chips. Considering that during cutting, the chip curling and breaking properties are not good, resulting in increased cutting force, high cutting temperature, aggravating the wear and chipping of the insert, and seriously affecting the life of the insert and the cutting effect.

Chinese patent document CN102317018A discloses an insert-replaceable rotary cutter, which is characterized in that the chipping resistance of the main cutting edge formed in the cutting insert is maintained while the cutting resistance is reduced. Wider chamfered edge to achieve.

Chinese patent document CN106029272A discloses a cutting insert that can achieve high-feed machining and finishing machining at the same time; the cutting edge of the insert is composed of a main cutting edge, a corner edge and a curved wiper edge. The blade is 155°≤θ≤180°, and there is a positive ligament on the wiper.

Neither of the above two patents links the reduction of cutting force and chipping resistance with the curling and breaking of chips, but in actual use, cutting force, chipping resistance and chip curling and breaking often influence each other. Therefore, the present invention provides a milling insert which can reduce the cutting force while increasing chip curling, chip breaking performance and increasing anti-chipping performance during high-feed milling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a milling insert that effectively reduces the cutting resistance so as to cut lightly.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A milling insert comprises a polygonal insert body, each side surface forms a cutting edge on the rake face of the insert body, two adjacent cutting edges are connected by an arc edge, and the cutting edge is located between the two arc edges. There is a wiper edge, an inverted V-shaped edge, and a transition straight cutting edge connected in sequence. The wiper edge is arranged horizontally, and the wiper edge is connected with the upslope edge of the inverted V-shaped edge. The downhill edge of the inverted V-shaped edge is connected, and the apex of the inverted V-shaped edge is the highest point on the rake face.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the rake face has a cutting ligament corresponding to the cutting edge, the cutting ligament is uniform at the wiper edge, and the cutting ligament is cut from the end of the wiper edge to the vertex of the inverted V-shaped edge. It gradually widens. From the vertex of the inverted V-shaped edge to the end of the inverted V-shaped edge, the cutting ligament is gradually narrowed, and the cutting ligament is the widest at the vertex of the inverted V-shaped edge.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, when the number of sides of the blade body is four or more, the wiper edge is connected to the arc edge at one end, and the transition straight cutting edge is connected to the arc edge at the other end. Blade connection.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the wiper edge and the two arc edges on each side are on a horizontal plane.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, a reinforcing rib is provided at the connection between the wiper edge and the inverted V-shaped edge.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the length of the uphill edge of the inverted V-shaped edge is greater than the length of the downhill edge.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the included angle α between the upslope edge of the inverted V-shaped edge and the wiper edge, and the included angle between the downslope edge of the inverted V-shaped edge and the wiper edge is β, 10°≤α≤15°, 3°≤β≤10°, and α≠β.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the corresponding cutting edge on the rake face has an arc-shaped chip breaker.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the arc-shaped chip breaker increases with the increase of the cutting depth Ap of the insert.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the blade body is a convex triangular structure, the wiper edge is connected to the arc edge at one end through a connecting edge, and the transition straight cutting edge is directly connected to the arc edge at the other end. Blade connection.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

In the milling insert of the present invention, the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge starts to cut first, and then other parts are gradually cut in. The cutting forces on both sides of the vertex P are in opposite directions, and most of them can cancel each other, which effectively reduces the cutting resistance, so that the cutting is light and fast. , which reduces vibration. The wiper edge and the raised main cutting edge can effectively reduce the cutting force while ensuring the quality of the machined surface through the wiper edge. The arc-shaped chip breaker can well control the curling and breaking of the chips; the ligaments and reinforcing ribs with varying widths can delay the wear of the blade edge and improve the anti-chipping performance of the blade. High cutting life.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the reinforcing rib in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the milling insert in Embodiment 1 of the present invention at the beginning of cutting.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the milling insert in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when trimming is performed after cutting.

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the polishing process performed by the milling insert after cutting in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The symbols in the figure represent:

1. Insert body; 2. Side face; 3. Rake face; 4. Cutting edge; 41. Wiper edge; 42. Inverted V-shaped edge; 421, Upslope edge; 422, Downslope edge; edge; 44, connecting edge; 5, arc edge; 6, cutting ligament; 7, reinforcing rib; 8, arc chip breaker.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , in the milling insert of this embodiment, taking a quadrilateral insert body 1 as an example, each side surface 2 forms a cutting edge 4 on the rake face 3 of the insert body 1, and two adjacent cutting edges are 4 is connected by a circular arc edge 5, the cutting edge 4 is provided with a wiper edge 41, an inverted V-shaped edge 42, and a transition straight cutting edge 43 connected in sequence between the two circular arc edges 5, and the wiper edge 41 is arranged horizontally, and The wiper edge 41 is connected with the upslope edge 421 of the inverted V-shaped edge 42, the transition straight cutting edge 43 is connected with the downslope edge 422 of the inverted V-shaped edge 42, and the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 is on the rake face 3. highest point. The wiper edge 41 is connected to the arc edge 5 at one end, and the transition straight cutting edge 43 is connected to the arc edge 5 at the other end. The flank 2 is also the flank of the cutting edge 4. The wiper edge 42 mainly plays the role of smoothing the machined surface, and the inverted V-shaped edge 42 and the transition straight cutting edge 43 are the main cutting edges. The inverted V-shaped edge 42 and the transition straight cutting edge 43 are convex in the flank direction. During cutting, the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 contacts the workpiece 9 first.

In this embodiment, the corresponding cutting edge 4 on the rake face 3 has a cutting ligament 6, and the cutting ligament 6 is uniform at the wiper edge 41. From the end of the wiper edge 41 to the vertex of the inverted V-shaped edge 42, the cutting ligament 6 is cut. It is gradually widened. From the vertex of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 to the end of the inverted V-shaped edge 42, the cutting ligament 6 is gradually narrowed, and the cutting ligament 6 is the widest at the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge 42, and the reinforcement vertex P is strength, reducing chipping during cutting. The cutting edge 6 corresponding to the transition straight edge 42 is narrowed, so that the cutting force of such a structure is smaller during machining, and the cutting is lighter and faster.

In this embodiment, the wiper edge 41 and the two arc edges 5 on each side are on a horizontal plane, and the transition straight cutting edge 43 has a downward slope with the arc edge 5 . That is to say, the inverted V-shaped edge 42 and the transition straight cutting edge 43 are both above the wiper edge 41 and the arc edge 5. In actual machining, especially during high-feed milling, there is actually only the inverted V-shaped edge 42. And the transition straight cutting edge 43 is in contact with the workpiece 9 to be machined. Large feed refers to the condition of large feed and small cutting depth Ap of the blade.

In this embodiment, a reinforcing rib 7 is provided at the connection between the wiper edge 41 and the inverted V-shaped edge 42 . A relatively large cutting stress will be formed where the wiper edge 41 meets the inverted V-shaped edge 42, and the reinforcing rib 7 can increase the strength here and can well resist the cutting stress.

In this embodiment, the positive angle α between the upslope edge 421 of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 and the wiper edge 41 is the negative angle α between the downslope edge 422 of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 and the wiper edge 41 The angle is β, α can be any value within 10°～15° (including two point values), and β can be any value within 3°～10° (including two point values), due to the inverted V shape The length of the uphill edge 421 of the edge 42 is greater than the length of the downhill edge 422, so α≠β. The downhill angle of the transition straight cutting edge 43 is similar to the slope of the downhill edge 422 of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 .

In this embodiment, the corresponding cutting edge 4 on the rake face 3 has an arc-shaped chip breaker 8 . The arc-shaped chip breaker 8 starts from the junction of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 of the wiper edge 41 (the reinforcing rib 7), and finally ends at the reinforcing rib 7 on the adjacent side. The arc-shaped chip breaker 8 increases with the increase of the cutting depth Ap of the insert, and such a structure is beneficial to the curling and breaking of the chips.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the milling insert of the present invention at the beginning of cutting processing, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the machining of the milling insert of the present invention after cutting and polishing. When just cutting, the main cutting edge (inverted V-shaped edge 42 and transition straight cutting edge 43 ) of the milling insert and the machined surface of the workpiece 9 form the cutting edge angle θ of the tool, and θ can be 10°～20° Any value within ° (including two point values); the milling insert performs a rotary cutting motion around the tool rotation axis C (when cutting, several cutting inserts are installed on the tool), the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge 42 is the first Start cutting, and then the other parts are gradually cut in. The cutting forces on both sides of the vertex P are in opposite directions, and most of them can cancel each other, which effectively reduces the cutting resistance, so that the cutting is light and vibration is reduced. The main cutting edge removes most of the cutting allowance, and the wiper edge 42 is used to polish the machined surface, and a large cutting stress will be formed at the intersection of the wiper edge 41 and the inverted V-shaped edge 42, and the reinforcing rib 7 can be added here. With the increase of the cutting depth Ap, the curling and breaking of the chips becomes more and more difficult, and the arc chip breaker 8, which gradually widens with the increase of the cutting depth Ap, can make the chips more difficult to break. Curl and break made simple and easy. The milling insert of the invention takes into account the cutting force, the curling and breaking of chips, and the anti-chipping performance at the same time, and can greatly improve the service life of the milling insert.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the milling insert of this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

In this embodiment, the blade body 1 has a convex triangular structure, the wiper edge 41 is connected to the arc edge 5 at one end through the connecting edge 44, and the transition straight cutting edge 43 is directly connected to the arc edge 5 at the other end, so that the inverted V The shaped edge 42 and the transition straight cutting edge 43 are in a reasonable position.

The rest of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above, or modify it into an equivalent implementation of equivalent changes. example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A milling insert comprising a polygonal insert body (1), each side surface (2) forming a cutting edge (4) on a rake face (3) of the insert body (1), two adjacent cutting edges (4) Connected by an arc edge (5), characterized in that: the cutting edge (4) is provided with a wiper edge (41) and an inverted V-shaped edge connected in sequence between the two arc edges (5). (42), a transition straight cutting edge (43), the wiper edge (41) is arranged horizontally, and the wiper edge (41) is connected with the uphill edge (421) of the inverted V-shaped edge (42), the transition The straight cutting edge (43) is connected with the downslope edge (422) of the inverted V-shaped edge (42), and the vertex P of the inverted V-shaped edge (42) is the highest point on the rake face (3). The smooth edge (41) and the inverted V-shaped edge (42) are on the same side, and a reinforcing rib (7) is provided at the connection between the wiper edge (41) and the inverted V-shaped edge (42). 42) There is a positive included angle α between the uphill edge (421) and the wiper edge (41), 10°≤α≤15°. 2. The milling insert according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding cutting edge (4) on the rake face (3) has a cutting ligament (6), and the ligament (6) is cut at the wiper edge (41). ) is uniform, from the end of the wiper edge (41) to the apex of the inverted V-shaped edge (42), the cutting ligament (6) is gradually widened, and at the apex of the inverted V-shaped edge (42) to the inverted V-shaped edge At the end of (42), the cutting ligament (6) is gradually narrowed, and the cutting ligament (6) is widest at the apex P of the inverted V-shaped edge (42). 3. The milling insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the number of sides of the insert body (1) is four or more, the wiper edge (41) and the arc edge (5) at one end connected, the transition straight cutting edge (43) is connected with the circular arc edge (5) at the other end. 4. The milling insert according to claim 3, characterized in that: the wiper edge (41) and the two circular arc edges (5) on each side are on a horizontal plane, and the transition straight cutting edge (43) Parallel to the wiper edge (41), or the transition straight cutting edge (43) and the wiper edge (41) form a negative included angle. The milling insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the length of the up-slope edge (421) of the inverted V-shaped edge (42) is greater than the length of the down-slope edge (422). 6 . The milling insert according to claim 5 , wherein a negative angle is β, 3 between the downslope edge ( 422 ) of the inverted V-shaped edge ( 42 ) and the wiper edge ( 41 ). 7 . °≤β≤10°. 7. The milling insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the corresponding cutting edge (4) on the rake face (3) has an arc-shaped chip breaker (8). 8 . The milling insert according to claim 7 , characterized in that: the arc-shaped chip breaker ( 8 ) increases with the increase of the cutting depth Ap of the insert. 9 . 9 . The milling insert according to claim 1 , wherein the insert body ( 1 ) is of a convex triangular structure, and the wiper edge ( 41 ) is connected to a circular arc edge ( 5 at one end) through a connecting edge ( 44 ). ) connection, the transition straight cutting edge (43) is directly connected with the arc edge (5) at the other end.

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