CN109360998B - Ultra-thin metal composite bipolar plate and preparation method thereof and fuel cell containing the same - Google Patents
Ultra-thin metal composite bipolar plate and preparation method thereof and fuel cell containing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN109360998B CN109360998B CN201811230641.0A CN201811230641A CN109360998B CN 109360998 B CN109360998 B CN 109360998B CN 201811230641 A CN201811230641 A CN 201811230641A CN 109360998 B CN109360998 B CN 109360998B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell comprising the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate. Compared with the traditional bipolar plate, the bipolar plate has ultrathin thickness and ultrafine flow channels, can effectively reduce the volume of the fuel cell, and improves the current density of the membrane electrode, thereby improving the energy density of the cell stack. The invention does not need the design and manufacture of a mould, has short production period, can realize industrialized batch preparation and reduces the cost of the fuel cell. The invention also relates to a fuel cell prepared by the ultrathin metal composite double plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to an ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell comprising the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate.
Background
A fuel cell is a highly efficient green power generation device that can directly convert chemical energy stored in a fuel such as hydrogen and an oxidant such as air into electric energy with high efficiency and environmental friendliness. The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation, stable operation, moderate operation temperature, short cold start time and the like, and has important application prospects in the fields of power supplies for vehicles and ships, standby power supplies, cogeneration of heat and power, special military use and the like.
At present, how to increase the energy density of the PEMFC and reduce the production cost is an important subject for large-scale commercialization. The main measures include selecting lower cost materials, reducing the amount of materials used, simplifying or changing the cell structure, optimizing the production process of the cells and their components, and achieving mass production.
The main components constituting the PEMFC stack comprise membrane electrodes, diffusion layers, bipolar plates and end plates, wherein the end plates are only two at two ends of the stack formed by tens or hundreds of single cells, the volume of the membrane electrodes is only tens of micrometers, the membrane electrodes only occupy a small part (about 20%) in the whole PEMFC stack, and the thickness of the graphite bipolar plates used in the conventional PEMFC stack is 3-8 micrometers, so that the bipolar plates occupy the vast majority (about 70-80%) of the volume of the stack, and therefore, the bipolar plates are the most important measures to reduce the volume of the PEMFC, improve the energy density and prepare the bipolar plates as thin as possible. The bipolar plate (also called a flow field plate) is a core component of the fuel cell and plays roles of gas blocking, gas diversion and distribution, electric conduction, membrane electrode support and the like. In general, fuel and oxidant enter a fuel cell assembled by a membrane electrode, a diffusion layer, a bipolar plate and a sealing member, and all the fuel and oxidant need to pass through a gas diffusion layer distributed by a flow field on the bipolar plate, then enter a catalytic layer to undergo electrocatalytic reaction to be converted into electric energy, and the generated water is diffused to the surface of the gas diffusion layer and then is discharged out of the fuel cell through the flow field.
The conventional PEMFC bipolar plate is formed by engraving a runner on a graphite light plate through machining, and because the graphite is fragile and has limited mechanical strength, the thickness of the graphite bipolar plate and the sizes of grooves and ridges of a flow field engraved on the graphite bipolar plate are large and are in the order of a few millimeters, so that the PEMFC galvanic pile is thick and heavy and has low energy density. And then, the graphite or carbon material and the resin are mixed and then are directly prepared into the composite double plates with the flow channels by adopting a die casting forming method, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, but the composite double plates are only suitable for mass production, meanwhile, due to the problems of a die and a preparation process, the flow channel width of the die casting double plates cannot be made very narrow, more than 400 micrometers, and meanwhile, the polar plates prepared by the process are limited by the strength of materials and cannot be made very thin, and the whole thickness of the polar plates can be reduced to 2-4 millimeters.
Another bipolar plate material is a metal bipolar plate, which is usually punched with a stainless steel or titanium alloy sheet to form a flow channel member, and then assembled with other members by an adhesion or welding process. The initial preparation mould is huge in investment and limited by mould precision, the thickness of the mould can be only about 1-2 mm, and the problem of controlling stress and deformation in the metal sheet forming process is also quite large.
In fuel cells, the size of the flow channels has an important effect on cell performance, and there are more or less shortcomings in flow field plates newly developed and designed around the world in recent years. For example, the flow distribution of the flow field plate is not uniform enough, water generated by reaction is easy to accumulate and difficult to discharge, the flow field structure design is easy to cause a reaction dead zone, the local temperature of the membrane electrode is too high, and the like, so that the operation performance of the battery is influenced. Generally, the narrower the flow channel in the effective working area, the more uniform the gas distribution and heat transfer, and the higher the current density of the battery can be obtained. The die-cast composite graphite plate or the stamped metal bipolar plate is limited by the precision of the die, and the width of the runner can only reach the magnitude of 0.3-1.0 mm, or the requirement of the battery is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a process for preparing a composite bipolar plate with ultrathin and superfine flow channels and a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) using the composite bipolar plate aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention relates to an ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate, which comprises the following components: the cathode flow field veneer comprises an ultrathin metal substrate and a conductive adhesive layer coated on one side surface of the ultrathin metal substrate, wherein the conductive adhesive layer of the cathode flow field veneer is provided with an oxygen/air flow field; the anode flow field veneer comprises an ultrathin metal substrate and a conductive adhesive layer coated on one side surface of the ultrathin metal substrate, and the conductive adhesive layer of the anode flow field veneer is etched with a hydrogen flow field with an ultrathin flow channel through laser; the liquid flow field veneer comprises an ultrathin metal substrate and a conductive adhesive layer coated on one side surface of the ultrathin metal substrate, wherein the conductive adhesive layer of the liquid flow field veneer is etched with a liquid flow field with an ultrathin flow channel through laser; the ultrathin metal substrate surface of the cathode flow field veneer is connected with the ultrathin metal substrate surface of the liquid flow field veneer in an adhesive manner, and the conductive adhesive layer surface of the liquid flow field veneer is connected with the ultrathin metal substrate surface of the anode flow field veneer in an adhesive manner.
Further, one end of the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate is provided with an oxygen/air inlet, a liquid inlet and a hydrogen inlet, and the oxygen/air inlet, the liquid inlet and the hydrogen inlet are all hole-shaped flow channels formed by overlapping through holes correspondingly arranged on a cathode flow field single plate, an anode flow field single plate and a liquid flow field plate; the other end of the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate is provided with an oxygen/air outlet, a liquid outlet and a hydrogen outlet, wherein the oxygen/air outlet, the liquid outlet and the hydrogen outlet are all hole-shaped flow channels formed by overlapping through holes correspondingly arranged on a cathode flow field single plate, an anode flow field single plate and a liquid flow field plate;
The oxygen/air inlet and the oxygen outlet are communicated with the oxygen flow field, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are communicated with the liquid flow field, and the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are communicated with the hydrogen flow field.
Further, the oxygen/air flow field comprises a plurality of superfine flow channels, the depth of the superfine flow channels is 50-500 microns, and the width of the superfine flow channels is 50-500 microns; the liquid flow field comprises a plurality of superfine flow channels, the depth of the superfine flow channels is 50-500 microns, and the width of the superfine flow channels is 50-500 microns; the hydrogen flow field comprises a plurality of superfine flow channels, the depth of the superfine flow channels is 50-500 microns, and the width of the superfine flow channels is 50-500 microns.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate, which comprises the following steps:
S1) preparing a cathode flow field veneer, an anode flow field veneer and a liquid flow field veneer respectively by using a precise coating and laser etching technology;
S2) bonding and pressing the cathode flow field veneer, the anode flow field veneer and the liquid flow field veneer together to obtain the ultrathin metal bipolar plate.
Further, the step S1) includes:
s1-1) cutting an ultrathin metal substrate into sheets with designed sizes and shapes, punching three through holes at two ends of each sheet, cleaning and airing for later use;
S1-2) uniformly coating a layer of polymer-based conductive adhesive layer on one side of the ultrathin metal sheet by a precise coating technology, and performing heat treatment to obtain a coated substrate with the conductive adhesive layer with a certain thickness;
S1-3) placing the coated substrate on a base station of laser etching equipment, fixing the coated substrate by a vacuum adsorption device, and respectively carrying out laser etching processing according to the pre-designed drawings of the shapes of a hydrogen flow field, an oxygen/air flow field and a liquid flow field to obtain a cathode flow field veneer, an anode flow field veneer and a liquid flow field veneer with superfine flow channels.
Further, the step S2) includes: and (2) taking the cathode flow field veneer, the anode flow field veneer and the liquid flow field veneer which are prepared in the step (S1), coating sealing adhesive on the surface sides of the superfine metal base materials of the cathode flow field veneer, the anode flow field veneer and the edge sealing areas on the two sides of the liquid flow field veneer, sequentially aligning the three veneers according to the sequence of the cathode flow field veneer, the superfine metal base materials and the anode flow field veneer, putting the three veneers into a pressing device for pressing, and obtaining the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate after the sealing adhesive is solidified.
Further, the ultrathin metal substrate is a metal foil with a surface treated, wherein the metal foil is any one of stainless steel foil, gold foil, silver foil, copper foil and titanium foil, and the thickness is 50-600 micrometers; the polymer-based conductive adhesive is a compound of a polymer and a conductive filler, the polymer is one or a mixture of more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, organic silicon resin, PEFT resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer resin, polyimide and the like, the conductive filler is one or a mixture of more of silver powder, graphite powder, mesophase carbon microspheres, chopped carbon fibers, conductive carbon powder, graphene, carbon nanotubes and the like, the viscosity of the conductive adhesive is between 1000 and 20000 centipoise, the curing temperature is 50-150 ℃, the curing time is less than 6 hours, and the volume resistivity after curing is less than 0.1 Ω cm.
Further, the coating mode is doctor blade coating, extrusion coating or micro gravure; the heat treatment temperature after coating is 50-200 ℃ for 30 minutes-6 hours, and the thickness of the adhesive layer after coating is 50-500 microns.
Further, the sealing adhesive is commercial siloxane sealing adhesive, epoxy sealing adhesive or phenolic sealing adhesive, and the curing condition is required to be room temperature-150 ℃ and the curing time is required to be within 0.5-24 hours; the sealing adhesive glue is applied by brushing, spraying, roller coating or dispensing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the fuel cell bipolar plate prepared by the method has ultra-thin thickness and ultra-thin flow channels, can effectively reduce the volume of the fuel cell and improve the current density of a membrane electrode so as to improve the energy density of a cell stack, and has the advantages of no external force impact, no deformation and good flatness in the production process; the method has the characteristics of no need of design and manufacture of a die, short production period, quick strain and the like, can realize industrialized batch preparation, and reduces the cost of the fuel cell.
The invention also provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the ultrathin metal bipolar plate, wherein auxiliary components such as a membrane electrode, a diffusion layer, the ultrathin metal bipolar plate, an end plate and the like are overlapped to obtain the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cathode (oxygen/air) flow field in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an anode (hydrogen) flow field in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid flow field in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional combination of a cathode flow field plate, an anode flow field plate, a liquid flow field plate, and a bipolar plate in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. The cathode flow field veneer, 2, the anode flow field veneer, 3,4, 5,6,7,8, 9, 10, ridge, 11, runner, 12, 13 oxygen/air flow field edge sealing area, 14, hydrogen, 15, hydrogen flow field edge sealing area, 16, liquid flow field, 17, liquid flow field edge sealing area, 18, metal substrate, 19 conductive glue layer.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The ultra-thin metal double plate and the preparation method thereof, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
It is noted that the drawings of the present invention are schematic representations, not to scale, merely to facilitate presentation of embodiments of the invention, which are disclosed merely exemplary of the invention as might be embodied in a variety of alternative forms. The specific details and process conditions disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basic representation of any aspect of the invention or as a basic representation for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention. Further, other variations within the spirit of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and it is intended, of course, that such variations be included within the scope of the invention as claimed herein.
The invention provides a preparation method of an ultrathin composite double-plate, which comprises the following steps:
S1: veneer preparation
S1-1) pre-cutting: the ultrathin metal base material for preparing the bipolar plate is cut into corresponding holes at the positions of fluid inlets and outlets according to the design size and shape of the bipolar plate (shown in figures 1-3) by adopting the modes of laser cutting or mechanical punching and the like, and sheets with corresponding sizes are cut out, washed and dried for standby.
S1-2) coating: and uniformly coating a layer of polymer-based conductive adhesive layer on one side of the ultrathin metal sheet by a precise coating technology, and performing heat treatment to obtain a coated substrate with the conductive adhesive layer with a certain thickness.
S1-3) preparing a flow field by laser etching:
Placing the coated substrate into a base station of laser etching equipment, and fixing the coated substrate by a vacuum adsorption device; and inputting a drawing of the shapes of the hydrogen (anode), oxygen, air (cathode) and cooling liquid flow fields which are designed in advance into a laser etching equipment operating system, carrying out laser etching processing according to the design pattern, and etching off the adhesive layer of the fluid flow channel part in the drawing to obtain a cathode flow field single plate, an anode flow field single plate and a liquid smooth single plate with grooves (flow channels) and ridge structures.
S2: adhesive seal
And coating sealing adhesive on the back side of the cathode flow field veneer, the back side of the anode flow field veneer and the edge sealing areas on the two sides of the liquid flow field veneer, sequentially and strictly aligning the three veneers (namely, the gas flow field faces outwards), putting the veneers into a pressing device for pressing, tightly attaching the three veneers, pressing for a certain time at a certain temperature, and curing the sealing adhesive to obtain the ultrathin metal bipolar plate.
In the step S1-1, the following steps:
The substrate for preparing the bipolar plate is an ultrathin metal substrate, including but not limited to stainless steel foil, copper foil, titanium foil and the like, and the thickness of the substrate is 50-600 microns.
The hydrogen, oxygen (air), cooling liquid inlet and outlet and fluid flow passage with certain shape and size on the bipolar plate, when the fuel cell works, the fluid enters through the inlet, then enters the flow passage, and finally is discharged out of the cell through the outlet. The flow channel can uniformly distribute fluid in the battery, so that the electrochemical reaction on the surface of the membrane electrode is uniform, the current is uniform, and the flow channel can take away water and heat generated by the battery. The type of flow channels (such as serpentine flow channels, parallel flow channels, straight flow channels, toe-crossing flow channels, island flow channels), the size of the flow channels (flow channel width, depth, ridge width), the size of the fluid inlet and outlet, the number, the position, etc. all have important effects on the cell performance. Generally, the design of the bipolar plate flow field required varies from cell type to cell type and application scenario. The drawings of the invention are only for convenience in describing the process, and other flow field types can be realized according to the process of the invention, and are also within the protection scope of the invention.
Before the bipolar plate is prepared, the base material is cut into sheets with corresponding sizes by adopting modes such as laser cutting or mechanical punching according to the design size and shape of the bipolar plate, then corresponding holes are cut at the positions of fluid inlets and outlets, and the obtained sheets are cleaned and dried for standby.
In the step S1-2, the following steps:
And uniformly coating a layer of polymer-based conductive adhesive layer on one side of the precut metal sheet by a precision coating technology, and performing heat treatment to obtain a coated substrate with the conductive adhesive layer with a certain thickness. And etching a groove with a designed shape by laser in the subsequent step of the cured conductive adhesive layer to obtain a flow field runner. The metal substrate below the glue layer plays a role in blocking gas, liquid and providing mechanical support.
The coating mode is doctor blade coating, extrusion coating or micro gravure or other industrially available modes capable of precisely controlling the coating thickness.
The thickness of the glue layer applied is 50-500 microns, i.e. the depth of the flow channels or ridges in the forthcoming flow field must not exceed 50-500 microns.
The conductive adhesive slurry can be a commercial product or prepared by a professional manufacturer according to the use requirement, and the main component of the conductive adhesive slurry is a compound of a polymer (such as a mixture of one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, organic silicon resin, PEFT resin, urea-formaldehyde resin and the like) and a conductive filler (such as a mixture of one or more of silver powder, graphite powder, mesophase carbon microspheres, chopped carbon fibers, conductive carbon powder, graphene, carbon nanotubes and the like). The performance requirements for the conductive sizing are as follows: has fluidity (viscosity is 1000-20000 centipoise), proper curing temperature (50-200 ℃) and curing time of less than 6 hours, and volume resistivity of less than 0.1 Ω cm after curing, which can be suitable for screen printing.
The heat treatment temperature is 50-200 ℃ for 15 minutes-6 hours, and the heat treatment process has the effects of ensuring that the conductive adhesive layer is cured on one hand and eliminating stress generated in the processing process on the other hand.
In the step S1-3, the following steps:
The preparation process of the bipolar plate comprises the steps of placing the coated substrate into a base station of laser etching equipment, and fixing the coated substrate through a vacuum adsorption device; the method comprises the steps of inputting a pre-designed drawing of the shapes of hydrogen (anode), oxygen (air) (cathode) and cooling liquid flow fields into an operating system of laser etching equipment, carrying out laser etching processing according to a design pattern, etching off a glue layer of a fluid flow channel part in the drawing, forming a fluid distribution channel and a flow channel (groove) by the etched part, wherein the rest part of the glue layer is a ridge and edge sealing area of the flow fields, and the width and depth of the flow channel (groove) are controlled by operating components of the laser etching equipment according to the pre-designed drawing. The depth of the groove (i.e. runner) is 50-500 micrometers, and the thickness of the groove is 5-50 micrometers smaller than that of the glue coating layer, so that the corrosion-resistant coating of the metal substrate is prevented from being damaged; the flow channels and ridges are designed to have substantially the same width, in the range of 50-500 microns. The cathode flow field veneer, the anode flow field veneer and the liquid flow field veneer with the designed structures are obtained through the steps.
In the step S2, the following steps:
The bipolar plate is obtained by bonding and laminating three single plates (a cathode flow field single plate, an anode flow field single plate and a liquid flow field single plate). And (3) coating sealing adhesive on the back sides of the cathode flow field veneer and the anode flow field veneer and the edge sealing areas on the two sides of the liquid flow field veneer, sequentially and strictly aligning the three veneers (namely, the gas flow fields face outwards), putting the veneers into a pressing device for pressing, tightly attaching the three veneers, and keeping the veneers at the room temperature of between 150 and 30 minutes for 24 hours until the sealing adhesive is cured to obtain the ultrathin metal bipolar plate.
As shown in fig. 4, the two sides of the outer surface of the bipolar plate are respectively provided with a gas flow field, including a hydrogen flow field (anode) and an oxygen and air flow field (cathode), and the middle is provided with a liquid flow field.
The sealing adhesive is commercial siloxane sealing adhesive, epoxy sealing adhesive, phenolic sealing adhesive and the like, and the curing condition is required to be room temperature-150 ℃ and the curing time is required to be within 30 minutes-24 hours in order to ensure the production efficiency.
The sealing adhesive glue applying mode is brushing, spraying, roller coating or dispensing adhesive glue applying mode.
The prepared ultrathin bipolar plate, the membrane electrode and the diffusion layer form a single cell, and the plurality of single cells and auxiliary components such as an end plate and the like are overlapped to obtain the PEMFC fuel cell stack, namely the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Example 1
(1) Taking a surface-treated stainless steel 316L foil (thickness of 100 micrometers), cutting corresponding holes at fluid inlet and outlet positions shown in figures 1-3 by adopting a laser cutting mode according to the design size and shape of the bipolar plate, cutting out sheets with corresponding sizes, cleaning and airing for standby.
And uniformly coating a layer of phenolic aldehyde/graphite powder-based conductive adhesive slurry on one side of the sheet by adopting a doctor blade coating method, placing the sheet in a drying device, and performing heat treatment at 110 ℃ for 60Min to obtain a coated substrate, wherein the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer is controlled at 200 microns.
Placing the coated substrate into a base station of laser etching equipment, and fixing the coated substrate by a vacuum adsorption device; and inputting a drawing of the shapes of the pre-designed hydrogen (anode), oxygen (air) (cathode) and cooling liquid flow fields into a laser etching equipment operating system, carrying out laser etching processing according to the design pattern, etching off a glue layer of a fluid flow channel part in the drawing, wherein the etched off part forms a fluid distribution channel and a flow channel (groove), and the rest part of the glue layer is a ridge and edge sealing area of the flow fields. According to a pre-designed drawing, the depth of the etched runner is controlled to be 180 micrometers by operating the laser etching equipment, and the widths of the runner and the ridge are 200 micrometers.
Through the steps, the hydrogen (anode), oxygen, air (cathode) and cooling liquid flow field single plate with superfine flow channels are obtained.
Edge sealing areas on the back side of the gas flow field and the liquid flow field of the cathode flow field veneer and the anode flow field veneer (figure 4-) The three veneers are sequentially and strictly aligned (namely, the gas flow field faces outwards) by brushing and coating silane sealant adhesive glue, then the three veneers are put into a pressing device to be pressed, the three veneers are tightly attached, the veneers are kept for 0.5 hour at 120 ℃, the sealant adhesive glue is cured, and the surface is cleaned, so that the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate is obtained.
The bipolar plate prepared in the embodiment has a thickness of 750 micrometers, and the volume resistivity is 0.06 ohm cm, and the bipolar plate and a 20-micrometer-thick membrane electrode (Pt carrying capacity is 0.4mg/cm < 2 >) and a 200-micrometer-thick diffusion layer form a single cell to perform electrical performance test, wherein the inlet pressure of hydrogen and air is 1.0atm, and the current density of the cell when the cell voltage is 0.65V is measured to be as high as 1.9A/cm < 2 > under the condition that the cell running temperature is 70 ℃.
Example 2
(1) And (3) taking the surface-treated titanium metal foil (with the thickness of 50 micrometers), cutting corresponding holes at the positions of the fluid inlets and outlets shown in figures 1-3 by adopting a laser cutting mode according to the design size and shape of the bipolar plate, cutting out sheets with corresponding sizes, cleaning and airing for standby.
And uniformly coating one layer of epoxy/silver powder-based conductive adhesive slurry on one side of the sheet by adopting an extrusion coating method, placing the sheet in a drying device, and performing heat treatment at 100 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a coated substrate, wherein the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer is controlled at 100 micrometers.
Placing the coated substrate into a base station of laser etching equipment, and fixing the coated substrate by a vacuum adsorption device; and inputting a drawing of the shapes of the pre-designed hydrogen (anode), oxygen (air) (cathode) and cooling liquid flow fields into a laser etching equipment operating system, carrying out laser etching processing according to the design pattern, etching off a glue layer of a fluid flow channel part in the drawing, wherein the etched off part forms a fluid distribution channel and a flow channel (groove), and the rest part of the glue layer is a ridge and edge sealing area of the flow fields. According to a pre-designed drawing, the depth of the etched flow channel is controlled to be 80 microns by operating the laser etching equipment, and the widths of the flow channel and the ridge are 50 microns.
Through the steps, the hydrogen (anode), oxygen, air (cathode) and cooling liquid flow field single plate with superfine flow channels are obtained.
Edge sealing areas on the back side of the gas flow field and the liquid flow field of the cathode flow field veneer and the anode flow field veneer (figure 4-) The three veneers are sequentially and strictly aligned (namely, the gas flow field faces outwards) by a roll coating mode, then the three veneers are put into a pressing device to be pressed, the three veneers are tightly attached, the sealing adhesive is kept for 0.5 hour at 150 ℃, the sealing adhesive is cured, and the surface is cleaned, so that the ultrathin metal composite bipolar plate is obtained.
The bipolar plate prepared in the embodiment has the thickness of 450 micrometers, the volume resistivity is 0.02 ohm cm, and the bipolar plate is combined with a 30-micrometer-thick membrane electrode (Pt carrying capacity is 0.4mg/cm 2) and a 260-micrometer-thick diffusion layer to form a single cell for electrical performance test, and the current density is as high as 2.3A/cm 2 when the cell voltage is 0.65V under the conditions of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas inlet pressure of 0.8atm and cell running temperature of 80 ℃.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110137524B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-11-20 | 山东岱擎新能源科技有限公司 | Metal-based composite bipolar plate base material and preparation method thereof |
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