CN109347557B - Multi-input multi-output optical communication system and communication method based on filtering effect - Google Patents
Multi-input multi-output optical communication system and communication method based on filtering effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于滤波效应的多输入多输出光通信系统，包括发射端和接收端。发射端包括光强调制器和与之相连的光信号发送阵列，接收端包括前置器件、滤波器件、探测器以及信号处理单元。其中，前置器件使光信号发送阵列内各信号发送区域光源所发出的其中一束光以固定角度分别入射到滤波器件表面的不同部位。本发明通过将光信号发送阵列分成许多个不同信号发送区域，各区域内光源所发射的信号光在经过滤波之后分别投射在探测器不同信号接收区域内的像素元，从而利用多个光源发出的调制光进行多路信号并行传输。最终，通过将不同区域内像素元所测数据分别代入到多个矩阵方程复原信号。该技术可在实现照明功能的同时实现大容量信号的传输。
The invention discloses a multi-input multi-output optical communication system based on filtering effect, which includes a transmitting end and a receiving end. The transmitting end includes an optical intensity modulator and an optical signal sending array connected to it, and the receiving end includes a front-end device, a filter device, a detector and a signal processing unit. Wherein, the front-end device makes one of the beams of light emitted by the light sources in each signal transmission area in the optical signal transmission array respectively incident on different parts of the surface of the filter element at a fixed angle. The invention divides the optical signal sending array into many different signal sending areas, and the signal light emitted by the light sources in each area is filtered and projected on the pixel elements in different signal receiving areas of the detector, so as to utilize the light emitted by the multiple light sources. The modulated light is used for parallel transmission of multiple signals. Finally, the signal is recovered by substituting the measured data of pixel elements in different regions into multiple matrix equations respectively. This technology can realize the transmission of large-capacity signals while realizing the lighting function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical communication system based on a filtering effect and a signal sending and decoding method thereof, belonging to the technical field of optical communication.
Background
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a Communication method for directly transmitting an optical signal in the air by using Light in a Visible Light band as an information carrier without using a transmission medium such as an optical fiber or a wired channel. In short, as long as light shines on the top of the head, theoretically, the data information transmission, internet surfing, voice and video call or internet of things equipment switching adjustment can be easily realized, and the far-beyond WiFi and 4G network can be applied and experienced by means of ultrahigh transmission rate.
The visible light communication technology is green, low-carbon and environment-friendly, can realize near-zero energy consumption communication, can effectively avoid signal leakage, and can quickly construct an anti-interference and anti-interception safety information space. The convergence of hundreds of millions of lighting devices with other devices will form a very large visible light communication network. Over five years, it is expected that over 500 billion devices will have access to the internet worldwide, most of which will use wireless networks, which can lead to radio spectrum resource strain and thus usage. The VLC uses light waves instead of traditional radio waves for communication, and meanwhile, the bandwidth of the VLC is more than 1000 times of that of a radio frequency spectrum, so that the problem of shortage of spectrum resources can be solved. Further, because LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamps can support a faster switching speed than conventional fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps. Therefore, the LED lamp can twinkle at a very high speed by adding the microchip to the common LED lamp, so that data can be sent more quickly by using the LED lamp. In order to further increase the signal transmission capacity per unit time, many groups of problems have attempted to combine a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radio transmission technique with a visible light communication technique. MIMO is an important technological breakthrough in the field of communications, and it can improve the capacity of wireless communication systems by a multiple without increasing bandwidth and power. MIMO technology, which transmits independent data streams at different transmission sources to achieve high-speed high-capacity data transmission, is one of the key technologies in the new generation of wireless communication systems.
The multiple input multiple output visible light communication technology (VLC-MIMO) has a great market application prospect, but has some problems. Such as: (1) in the traditional VLC-MIMO technology, signal light sources with narrow-band spectrums are adopted for different channels, but the light sources are single in color and cannot adopt white light sources used for traditional illumination. (2) Some VLC-MIMO techniques may use white light sources, but require that the frequency spectrums of each white light source overlap but are not completely the same, so that how many channels require how many different light sources or filtering films, thereby increasing the cost of the system. (3) Some VLC-MIMO technologies adopt a two-dimensional code technology to perform signal coding, but the coding rule of the two-dimensional code is complex, so that special requirements are imposed on light source arrangement, and signal emission light sources can only adopt point light sources but cannot adopt surface light sources, so that the comfort level of human eyes is reduced. (4) In the technologies adopted by some groups of subjects, the light emitting end needs to precisely control the wavelength and polarization state of the optical carrier or the transmission mode of the incident optical fiber, and the light receiving end needs to adopt a detector with a large volume and place a specific angle, or adopt a complex demultiplexer to separate the wavelength, polarization state and transmission mode to recover the transmission data, so the system structure is complex and the cost is high. In order to overcome the above disadvantages, we propose a new filtering-effect-based mimo communication system and communication method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a multiple-input multiple-output optical communication system and a communication method thereof based on a filtering effect, wherein the optical communication system can realize a large-capacity signal transmission while realizing an illumination function, and has a simple structure and a low cost.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a multi-input multi-output optical communication system based on filtering effect comprises an optical signal transmitting end and an optical signal receiving end:
the optical signal transmitting end comprises an optical intensity modulator and an optical signal transmitting array connected with the optical intensity modulator, the optical signal transmitting array comprises m × n light sources, wherein each n light sources are distributed in one signal transmitting area, the optical signal transmitting array has m signal transmitting areas, the spectrum frequency bands of the n light sources in each signal transmitting area can be mutually overlapped but the spectrums are not completely the same, the spectrums of any two light sources belonging to different signal transmitting areas can be the same, the optical intensity modulator modulates m × n signals onto optical carriers transmitted by the m × n light sources respectively to generate corresponding modulated signal lights, and modulates different signals at different moments, wherein m and n are integers more than 1;
the optical signal receiving end comprises a front-end device, a filter device, a detector and a signal processing unit connected with the detector; the front-end device is positioned in front of the filter device, and enables a beam of light emitted by the light source in each signal sending area to respectively enter different parts of the surface of the filter device at a fixed angle, and other light is filtered; the filter device can ensure that the light intensities of the filtered lights transmitted by the incident lights with the same frequency and the same intensity after passing through different parts of the filter device are different, and the light intensities of the filtered lights transmitted by the incident lights with the same frequency and the same intensity after passing through the same parts of the filter device are also different; the detector is an array type detection chip consisting of at least m multiplied by n optical detection pixel elements with the same frequency spectrum response, at least m signal receiving areas are arranged on the array type detection chip, at least n optical detection pixel elements are arranged in any signal receiving area, and the optical detection pixel elements respond to signal light incident on the photosensitive surface of the pixel elements; after signal lights emitted by different signal sending areas in the optical signal sending array pass through the filter device, the signal lights are respectively projected on optical detection pixel elements in different signal receiving areas on the array type detection chip; the signal processing unit respectively analyzes and processes data detected by pixel elements in different signal receiving areas, finally performs data analysis and processing through the signal processing unit, and decodes through a method of solving a matrix equation or a linear equation set to obtain a signal sent by the optical signal transmitting end.
Preferably, the front device comprises a front incident optical assembly, a first convex lens, a first small aperture diaphragm and a second convex lens, light emitted by the light source in each signal sending area is emitted to the front incident optical assembly, one of the light beams emitted is parallel to the main optical axes of the first convex lens and the second convex lens, and the small aperture diaphragm is arranged at the common focus between the first convex lens and the second convex lens in a clearance mode.
Preferably, the optical signal receiving end further comprises an optical wavelength conversion component, the optical wavelength conversion component is arranged in front of or behind the filter device, the optical wavelength conversion component comprises a wavelength conversion layer, the wavelength conversion layer comprises at least one wavelength conversion optical material, part or all of the absorption spectrum of the wavelength conversion optical material exceeds the detection range of the array detection chip, and the emission spectrum of the wavelength conversion optical material is entirely within the detection range of the array detection chip; the wavelength conversion optical material is any material having the property of absorbing light of one wavelength and emitting light of another different wavelength, or a combination of these materials.
Preferably, the filter device includes a transparent substrate and a filter film array attached to the surface of the transparent substrate, each filter film in the filter film array has at least one pixel element of the detection array chip opposite to the pixel element, and at least n filter films opposite to n optical detection pixel elements in any signal receiving area have different transmission spectral lines in the signal light band or the detection band of the array detection chip.
Preferably, the filter film is prepared by one of a microwave dyeing method, a gelatin dyeing method and an ink-jet printing method.
Preferably, the optical color polyester film is prepared as a filter film by a microwave dyeing method, wherein one preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) transmitting the polyester original film into a disperse dye suspension with stable water phase, and simultaneously coloring by heating the suspension by using microwave, wherein the heating temperature is 80-85 ℃, and the coloring time is 10-120 seconds;
(2) washing the colored polyester film with water until the dye dispersant on the surface of the film is thoroughly washed away, wherein the washing liquid contains 0.1-5% of surfactant by mass;
(3) cleaning the washed colored polyester film again by using a solvent, wherein the solvent is a low-boiling-point organic solvent, the better washing solvent comprises ethanol, acetone or ethyl acetate, and the best ethanol is selected in consideration of toxic and side effects and the cleaning effect;
(4) and drying the colored polyester film washed by the solvent at the drying temperature of 130-170 ℃ for 10-120 seconds.
Preferably, each signal transmitting area of the optical signal transmitting end includes n light sources with the same emission spectrum, and each light source is respectively attached with filter films with different transmission spectra.
Preferably, a visible band white light source is used when the light source is required for illumination purposes, and a mid-infrared band light source is used when the light source is not required for illumination purposes.
Preferably, the optical signal receiving end further includes a collimating device disposed in front of the detector, the collimating device can let light transmitted along a connecting line from the filtering device to the detector pass through, and filter light transmitted along other directions, and can make signal lights emitted by different signal transmitting areas in the optical signal transmitting array project onto optical detection pixel elements in different signal receiving areas of the detector respectively after passing through the filtering device.
Preferably, the collimating device includes a third convex lens, a second aperture diaphragm and a fourth convex lens, the second aperture diaphragm gap is disposed at a common focus between the third convex lens and the fourth convex lens, and the main optical axes of the third convex lens and the fourth convex lens coincide.
The method for sending and decoding the communication signal of the optical communication system according to any one of the above technical solutions includes the following steps:
step 1: suppose that at a time t, n light sources in m signal transmission regions are modulated by a light intensity modulator to transmit a signal S'1,S’2,…S’m×nWherein m and n are integers, and the emitted signals are distinguished according to the intensity of light;
step 2: suppose that the signals emitted by the n light sources in the k-th signal transmission region and modulated by the light intensity modulator are S'1,S’2… S', wherein k is an integer between 1 and m;
and step 3: the detector receives light emitted by the light signal emitting end, wherein the signal light emitted by the kth signal sending area passes through a signal transmission space and then sequentially passes through the prepositive device and the filter device at the light signal receiving end; or sequentially pass through the front-end device, the filter device and the optical wavelength conversion partA member; or sequentially pass through the prepositive device, the optical wavelength conversion component and the filter device; or sequentially passes through the prepositive device, the filter, the optical wavelength conversion component and the collimating device; or sequentially passes through the prepositive device, the optical wavelength conversion component, the filter device and the collimating device; or sequentially passes through the prepositive device, the filter device and the collimating device, finally irradiates on the light detection pixel elements in the signal receiving area corresponding to the signal sending area, and sets the light intensity received by at least n light detection pixel elements in the signal receiving area corresponding to the signal sending area in the step 2 at the moment t as I1,I2,…In,…；
And 4, step 4: respectively removing noise from the light intensity received by each light detection pixel element in the signal receiving area corresponding to the signal sending area in the step 3, and then substituting the light intensity into each row unit of the amplification matrix of the matrix equation, and respectively substituting the ratio of the value detected by each light detection pixel element under the condition that each light source in the signal sending area is independently lighted to the emission intensity of the lighted light source, and the ratio of the value to the emission intensity of the lighted light source, after the noise is removed, into each row unit of the coefficient matrix of the matrix equation, because the data of each unit of the coefficient matrix can be measured in advance through experiments, the signal S can be obtained by solving the matrix equation1,S2,…Sn；
And 5: get S1,S2,…SnThe average value of the n values is used as a judgment threshold, and S is used1,S2,…SnComparing with the decision threshold, setting the value to be 1 when the value is larger than the decision threshold, and setting the value to be 0 when the value is smaller than the decision threshold, so that the actual signals S 'transmitted by n light sources in a certain signal transmitting area of the optical signal transmitting end at the moment t can be obtained at the optical signal receiving end'1,S’2,…S’n；
Step 6: respectively substituting the data measured by the optical detection pixel elements in each signal receiving area corresponding to each signal sending area in the step 1 into each matrix equation, and respectively repeating the steps 2-5, namely, the signals S 'are received at the optical signal receiving end by solving m matrix equations'1,S’2,…S’m×n；
And 7: different signals are modulated at different moments through the light intensity modulator, and the signals sent by the light signal transmitting end at different moments can be received at the light signal receiving end.
Preferably, in the step 4, the matrix equation may be solved by one of a convex optimization algorithm, a Tikhonov regularization algorithm, an L1 norm regularization algorithm, a genetic algorithm, a cross direction multiplier method, and a simulated annealing algorithm, or other known or unknown mathematical optimization methods may be used to solve the matrix equation to reduce the error rate of the signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the transmission of large-capacity signals can be realized while lighting. The optical signal transmitting end adopts a series of light sources with a certain frequency range, the comfort level to human eyes is higher compared with a visible band light source with a single frequency, and the number of the light sources is not limited by the total bandwidth of the visible band light source and the infrared band light source because the spectrum frequency bands of the light sources can be overlapped.
2. The device structures of the signal transmitting end and the signal receiving end of the system are simple and easy to realize. The invention does not need a multiplexing and demultiplexing optical device with larger volume and complex structure, the light source and the array type detection chip are both provided with mature products, the optical signals are transmitted through a shared channel through reasonable design, and the matrix equation is solved to obtain the repeated emission signals through measuring the channel transmission matrix of the multi-input and multi-output optical communication system in advance.
3. The invention combines the frequency division multiplexing and space division multiplexing technologies, thereby reducing the system cost to the maximum extent and improving the channel capacity. The light sources with different spectrums in each signal sending area are used for transmitting signals loaded on different light sources, and the light detection pixel elements at different positions of the signal receiving end can measure different filtering light intensity signals, so that original emission signals can be obtained by solving a matrix equation, and meanwhile, the spectrums of any two light sources belonging to different signal sending areas can be the same, so that the system cost is low. And the multipath signal light is emitted simultaneously, so that the communication capacity is improved.
4. When the system is not needed to be used for illumination, an infrared band light source can be adopted for signal communication, the defect that the traditional visible light communication system needs to carry out illumination during communication is overcome, and particularly, the defect that an ordinary silicon-based CCD or CMOS array type detection chip cannot detect infrared band light can be overcome when an optical wavelength conversion part is adopted at a signal receiving end of the system. Therefore, the system can detect visible light signals and infrared band light signals by adopting the common silicon-based CCD, thereby improving the system performance and further reducing the cost for constructing the system.
5. The filtering device required by the communication system is low in manufacturing cost and beneficial to realizing mass production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiple-input multiple-output optical communication system based on a filtering effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution positions of the filter films at different filtering portions according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention after adding a light wavelength conversion component and a collimating device to the structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a graph of the spectra of 9 different light sources used in a signaling region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows transmission lines of 16 different filter films facing a signal receiving area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures have the following meanings:
1 is a first signal sending area in the optical signal sending array, 2 is a second signal sending area in the optical signal sending array, 3 is a third signal sending area in the optical signal sending array, 4 is a fourth signal sending area in the optical signal sending array, 5 is an mth signal sending area in the optical signal sending array, 6 is a first filtering part in the filtering device, 7 is a second filtering part in the filtering device, 8 is a third filtering part in the filtering device, 9 is a fourth filtering part in the filtering device, 10 is an mth filtering part in the filtering device, 11 is a first signal receiving area on the array detection chip, 12 is a second signal receiving area on the array detection chip, 13 is a third signal receiving area on the array detection chip, 14 is a fourth signal receiving area on the array detection chip, and 15 is an mth signal receiving area on the array detection chip, 16 is a light intensity modulator, 17 is a light signal transmitting array, 18 is signal light transmitted in a signal transmission space, 19 is a first convex lens, 20 is a second convex lens, 21 is a third convex lens, 22 is a fourth convex lens, 23 is an aperture diaphragm, 24 is a second aperture diaphragm, 25 is a detector, 26 is a light wavelength conversion component, 27 is a certain signal transmitting area in the light signal transmitting array, 28 is a light signal transmitting end, 29 is a light signal receiving end, 30 is a front-mounted device, 31 is a collimating device, 32 is a filter device, 33 is a front-mounted optical component, and 34 is a filter film.
Detailed Description
The invention can use the LED light source which is easy to obtain and low in cost to form the light signal sending array 17 to carry out the parallel transmission of the multi-path signals, and uses the filter device 32 and the detector 25 (such as CCD, CMOS and the like) to recover the transmitted multi-path signals by combining the method of solving the matrix equation or the linear equation set. The light source adopted by the invention can be used for communication and illumination at the same time, and can only realize any function. The following is a description of preferred embodiments by way of illustration and explanation without limitation. The embodiments are merely exemplary for applying the technical solutions of the present invention, and any technical solution formed by replacing or converting the equivalent thereof falls within the scope of the present invention claimed.
Fig. 1 shows one structure of the multi-input multi-output optical communication system based on the filtering effect according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a multiple-input multiple-output optical communication system based on a filtering effect includes an optical signal transmitting end and an optical signal receiving end. The optical signal transmitting terminal 28 includes an optical intensity modulator 16 and an optical signal transmitting array 17 connected thereto. The optical signal transmitting array comprises m × n light sources, m and n are integers greater than 1, and the value ranges of m and n can be thousands of light sources. Each n light sources in the optical signaling array 17 are distributed within one signaling region 27, and the signaling region 27 may be a first signaling region 1 of the m signaling regions, or may be a second signaling region 2, a third signaling region 3, a fourth signaling region 4 …, or an m-th signaling region 5. The spectrum frequency bands of the n light sources in each signal transmission area can be mutually overlapped but the spectrums are not completely the same, and the spectrums of any two light sources belonging to different signal transmission areas can be the same. The light intensity modulator 16 modulates the mxn signals onto optical carriers emitted by the mxn light sources, respectively, to generate corresponding optical modulation signals. The m × n light sources respectively transmit m × n optical signals at a certain time, and each light source transmits one of the optical signals. And the light intensity modulator modulates different signals at different moments. The signal light 18 modulated by these signals is transmitted through the "signal transmission space" and finally received by the optical signal receiving end 29. The signal transmission space is air in this embodiment, and may also be water, silicon dioxide, or other medium capable of transmitting light.
The optical signal receiving end 29 includes a front-end device 30, a filter device 32, a detector 25, and a signal processing unit (not shown in fig. 1) connected to the detector 25, where the front-end device 30 is located in front of the filter device 32, and can make one of the light beams emitted by the light sources in each signal transmitting area respectively enter different portions of the surface of the filter device 32 at a fixed angle, and filter out other light beams. In the technical scheme, the fixed angle ranges from-90 degrees to 90 degrees. The filter device 32 can make the light intensities of the filtered lights transmitted by the incident lights with the same frequency and the same intensity through different parts of the filter device 32 different, and the light intensities of the filtered lights transmitted by the incident lights with the same frequency and the same intensity through the same parts of the filter device 32 different. The detector 25 is an array-type detection chip composed of at least m × n light detection pixel elements with the same spectral response. The detector 25 may be silicon-based CCD, which is a charge coupled device, CMOS, or CMOS, which is a CCD in this embodiment. Each pixel element of the CCD has the same spectral response characteristic, that is, when light of the same wavelength and the same intensity is incident on the pixel elements, the data output from each pixel element is the same. The photosensitive area of the CCD is divided into m signal receiving areas, i.e., a first signal receiving area 11, a second signal receiving area 12, a third signal receiving area 13, and a fourth signal receiving area 14 …, i.e., an mth signal receiving area 15, where at least p photodetecting pixel elements (p is not less than n, p is an integer, and the value range of p may be thousands of) are provided in any signal receiving area, and the photodetecting pixel elements respond to signal light incident on the photosensitive surface of the photodetecting pixel elements. The signal processing unit is connected to the detector 25 and analyzes and processes the data detected by the pixel elements in the different signal receiving areas of the detector 25. The pixel metadata in different signal receiving areas are substituted into different matrix equations, the matrix equations are solved, and finally the signals sent by the optical signal transmitting end are obtained through decoding.
In this technical scheme, the preferred device structure of leading device 30 includes leading income light optical component 33, first convex lens 19, first aperture diaphragm 23, second convex lens 20, and the light that the light source in each signalling region sent is given off to one of them light beam of outgoing behind leading income light optical component 33 is on a parallel with the primary optical axis of first convex lens 19 and second convex lens 20, first aperture diaphragm clearance sets up in the common focus department between first convex lens 19 and second convex lens 20, the primary optical axis coincidence of first convex lens and second convex lens. The front-mounted optical assembly 33 can also adopt any existing or future optical devices or combinations thereof such as a large relative aperture continuous zooming front-mounted objective lens, a tunable reflector group, a zooming liquid lens group, a concave lens, an MEMS micro-mirror, an automatic focusing liquid lens group and the like, so that one of light beams emitted by the light source in each signal sending area is parallel to the main optical axis of the first convex lens 19 and the second convex lens 20 after the light beams emit to the front-mounted optical assembly 33. If a concave lens is adopted as the front-mounted optical component 33, light emitted to the focal point of the concave lens at each position in the spectral imaging area to be measured is refracted into parallel light after passing through the concave lens, and the parallel light is parallel to the main optical axes of the first convex lens and the second convex lens. Preferably, the front-loading optical assembly 33 can also change the angle of view of the optical signal receiving end by adjusting the focal length of the lens or the mirror in the front-loading optical assembly, so that one of the beams of light emitted by the light sources in each signal transmitting area can be respectively incident on different parts of the surface of the filter device at a fixed angle after passing through the front-loading device, despite the wide distribution range of the light sources in the optical signal transmitting end. The front-end device 30 may also have other structures, and in this technical solution, the specific structure of the front-end device is not limited, as long as one of the beams of light emitted by the light sources in each signal transmission area is incident to different portions of the surface of the filter device at a fixed angle, and other light is filtered out.
In a preferred embodiment, the filter device has a structure of a filter film array attached to a transparent substrate, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of distribution positions of filter films at different filter positions. Each filter membrane 34 in the filter membrane array has at least one pixel element of the detection array chip directly opposite to the pixel element. At least p optical detection pixel elements are assumed in any signal receiving area in the CCD photosensitive surface, wherein the transmission spectral lines of p filter films 34 opposite to the p optical detection pixel elements in the wave band where the signal light is located or the detection wave band of the array type detection chip are different from each other.
The filter film in the filter film array can adopt a light absorption film or a reflection increasing film with a smooth surface. The light absorption film performs filtering by using the principle of light absorption. Light absorption is a physical process by which light passes through a material, interacts with the material, and the energy of the light is partially converted into other forms of energy. The principle of antireflection films or films is that the front surface of the filter film interferes constructively or destructively with light of certain wavelengths or frequencies reflected by the back surface. Regardless of their principle, they can change the spectral curve of the transmitted light after the incident light passes through the filter membrane.
The filter membrane can be prepared by one of a microwave dyeing method, a gelatin dyeing method and an ink-jet printing method. In the embodiment, the optical color polyester film is prepared as the filter film by a microwave dyeing method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) transmitting the polyester original film into a disperse dye suspension with stable water phase, and simultaneously coloring by heating the suspension by using microwave, wherein the heating temperature is 80-85 ℃, and the coloring time is 10-120 seconds;
(2) washing the colored polyester film with water until the dye dispersant on the surface of the film is thoroughly washed away, wherein the washing liquid contains 0.1-5% of surfactant by mass;
(3) cleaning the washed colored polyester film again by using a solvent, wherein the solvent is a low-boiling-point organic solvent, the better washing solvent comprises ethanol, acetone or ethyl acetate, and the best ethanol is selected in consideration of toxic and side effects and the cleaning effect;
(4) and drying the colored polyester film washed by the solvent at the drying temperature of 130-170 ℃ for 10-120 seconds.
The present invention may also provide a light wavelength conversion member 26 before or after the filter device 32, the light wavelength conversion member 26 including a wavelength conversion layer containing at least one wavelength conversion optical material therein; the wavelength converting optical material has a partial or full absorption spectrum outside the detection range of the detector 25 (e.g. CCD) and an emission spectrum all within the detection range of the detector 25. In order to ensure that the light-detecting pixel elements in detector 25 respond to the signal light incident on the photosensitive surface of the pixel elements, the frequency range of the spectrum of the light emitted by each light source in light signal emitting end 28 must be within the detection range of light signal receiving end 29. The detection range of the optical signal receiving end 29 is defined as follows: the maximum and minimum frequency values are selected from the absorption spectra of all the wavelength conversion optical materials included in the optical wavelength conversion member 26 and the frequency range detectable by the detector 25, and the frequency range between the maximum and minimum frequency values is the detection range of the optical signal receiving end. The wavelength converting material is any material having the property of absorbing light at one wavelength and emitting light at another wavelength, or a combination of these materials. For example, the wavelength conversion material may be an up-conversion luminescent material or a down-conversion luminescent material. The up-converting luminescent material and the down-converting luminescent material are explained below: stokes law states that some materials can be excited by high-energy light to emit light with low energy, in other words, light with high excitation wavelength and low excitation wavelength and with short wavelength, such as ultraviolet light, can emit visible light, and such materials are down-conversion luminescent materials. In contrast, some materials can achieve a luminescence effect exactly opposite to the above-mentioned law, and we call it anti-stokes luminescence, also called up-conversion luminescence, such materials are called up-conversion luminescent materials.
The optical wavelength conversion component 26 adopted by the invention can be arranged before or after the filter device, so that the communication method disclosed by the invention can be used for optical communication in a non-visible light frequency range, and the defect that the traditional visible light communication needs to adopt visible light for illumination is overcome. However, considering that the emission spectrum of most existing wavelength conversion luminescent materials is narrow, in order to make the light intensity distribution difference of the light with different frequencies on the surface of the array type detection chip (such as a CCD) more obvious after passing through the filter device 32, that is, the light intensity difference obtained after being filtered by different filter films is large, thereby being beneficial to recovering the emitted signal at the signal receiving end by a method of solving a matrix equation, the invention preferably arranges the light wavelength conversion component 26 behind the filter device 32, that is, between the filter device 32 and the array type detection chip. The filtered light beams transmitted from the filter device 32 pass through a light wavelength conversion component and then pass through the collimating device 31 to the mth pixel area 15 of the first pixel area 11, the second pixel area 12, the third pixel area 13, and the fourth pixel area 14 … of the array-type detection chip.
The wavelength conversion optical material can adopt various existing up-conversion or down-conversion materials, and the wavelength detection range of a signal receiving end of an optical communication system can be effectively expanded as long as the partial or all absorption spectra of the up-conversion or down-conversion materials exceed the detection range of the array type detection chip and the emission spectra are all in the detection range of the array type detection chip. For example, the type HCP-IR-1201 mid-infrared display card produced by the Longcai technology (HCP) is made of an up-conversion luminescent material, visible light can be excited by 0.3mW infrared light irradiation, the effective light excitation wave band is mainly 700 nm-10600 nm, and the luminous intensity and the excitation power are in a direct increase relationship. If the array type detection chip adopts a CCD chip with the model number of SONY-ICX285AL, the detection wave band is about 400 nm-1000 nm, so the intermediate infrared display card is adopted as the optical wavelength conversion component, the wavelength detection range of the signal receiving end of the optical communication system can be expanded to about 400 nm-10600 nm, and is wider than the wavelength detection range of the silicon-based CCD.
A down-conversion optical Material (MOF) Eu3(MFDA)4(NO3) (DMF)3(H2MFDA ═ 9,9-dimethylfluorene-2, 7-dicarboxydic acid) [ Xinhui Zhou et al, a microporus luminescence emission spectrum metal-organic frame for nitro-amplified sensitive, Dalton trans, 2013,42, 5718-bellmouth 5723] with an absorption spectrum range of about 250nm to 450nm and an emission spectrum range of about 590nm to 640nm may also be used, and if the array detection chip is a CCD chip of type SONY-ICX285AL with a detection band of about 400nm to 1000nm, the wavelength conversion component made of the down-conversion optical material may be used to extend the wavelength range of the signal receiving end of the optical communication system to about 250nm, which is larger than the silicon-based detection wavelength range of about 1000 nm.
The optical wavelength conversion component is not a necessary device, and when the optical signal receiving end of the optical communication system does not adopt the optical wavelength conversion device, the wavelength detection range of the optical signal receiving end of the optical communication system is the wavelength response range of the adopted array detection chip. The purpose of using the optical wavelength conversion member is only to expand the wavelength detection range of the detector at the signal receiving end of the optical communication system, but signal communication can also be performed by selecting a suitable light source and detector without the optical wavelength conversion member. The purpose of using the optical wavelength conversion member is: firstly, the existing and common light source and the array type detection chip can be adopted by the light signal transmitting end and the detector, so that the cost for purchasing the special light source and the array type detection chip can be saved, and the wavelength detection range of the array type detection chip does not need to contain the transmitting wavelength of the light source; secondly, the same array type detection chip can be used for detecting visible light and can also be used for detecting light in a non-visible light wave band, so that the communication system can be used for communication by using the visible light as a carrier and can also be used for communication by using the non-visible light as a carrier, and the same set of signal receiving end can be used for communication by using the two communication carriers, so that the communication can be carried out under the condition that the visible light is not required for illumination.
When the surface of the filter device or the light wavelength conversion member is uneven, scattered light may be generated, so that light transmitted by the filter film directly facing a pixel element in one signal receiving area is incident on a pixel element in an adjacent signal receiving area. In order to avoid crosstalk between channels, the signal receiving end further includes a collimating device 31 disposed between the filtering device 32 and the detector 25, the collimating device 31 may pass light transmitted along a connection line from the filtering device to the detector, and filter light transmitted along other directions, and may cause signal lights emitted by different signal transmitting regions in the optical signal transmitting array to be respectively projected onto optical detection pixel elements in different signal receiving regions of the detector after passing through the filtering device. One of the structures of the collimating device comprises a third convex lens 21, a second small aperture diaphragm 24 and a fourth convex lens 22, wherein the second small aperture diaphragm 24 is arranged at the common focus between the third convex lens 21 and the fourth convex lens 22 in a clearance mode, and the main optical axes of the third convex lens 21 and the fourth convex lens 22 are overlapped. The collimator 31 may also have other structures, and the specific structure is not limited in this technical solution. Fig. 3 is a diagram of a structure of one of the optical communication systems of the present invention having an optical wavelength conversion member and a collimating device.
The following summarizes the communication process of the communication system shown in fig. 3: the optical signal transmitting array 17 emits signal beams from the signal transmitting regions (the first signal transmitting region 1, the second signal transmitting region 2, the third signal transmitting region 3, the fourth signal transmitting region 4, the … mth signal transmitting region 5) under the action of the optical intensity modulator 16, the beams are projected to the positions on the surface of the filter device 32 after passing through the front-end device 30, the filter device 32 can generate the filtering effect among the incident lights, and the filtered beams transmitted from the filter device 32 pass through the optical wavelength conversion component 26, then pass through the collimator device 31 and then are emitted to the first signal receiving region 11, the second signal receiving region 12, the third signal receiving region 13, the fourth signal receiving region 14 … mth signal receiving region 15 of the array detecting chip, and then are detected by the pixel elements in the signal receiving regions, and finally, the signal processing unit analyzes and processes the data measured by each pixel element.
The above method for transmitting and decoding signals of an optical communication system based on the filtering effect is described in detail as follows:
step 1: suppose that at a time t, n light sources in m signal transmission regions are modulated by a light intensity modulator to transmit a signal S'1,S’2,…S’m×nWhere m and n are integers, the emitted signals are distinguished by the intensity of the light, such as: "the signal" 1 "is represented by" the light source emits light or the light intensity is greater than a certain threshold "," the signal "0" is represented by "the light source does not emit light or the light intensity is less than a certain threshold";
step 2: suppose that the signals emitted by the n light sources in the k-th signal transmission region and modulated by the light intensity modulator are S'1,S’2,…S’nAbove k is an integer between 1 and m;
and step 3: the detector receives light emitted by the light signal emitting end, wherein the signal light emitted by the kth signal sending area passes through the signal transmission space, then sequentially passes through the front-end device, the filter device, the light wavelength conversion component and the collimating device at the signal receiving end, and finally reaches the light detection pixel elements in the signal receiving area corresponding to the signal sending area (the light wavelength conversion component and the collimating device in the signal receiving end can be omitted), and the light intensities received by the p light detection pixel elements in the signal receiving area corresponding to the kth signal sending area at the moment t are respectively set as I1,I2,…IpWherein p is more than or equal to n, p is an integer, and the value range of p can be thousands of;
to explain the signal receiving area corresponding to the signal transmitting area in detail, as shown in fig. 1, the signal light emitted from the first signal transmitting area 1 passes through the first filtering portion 6 of the filtering device and finally reaches the first signal receiving area 11 of the array type detection chip, so that the first signal transmitting area 1 corresponds to the first signal receiving area 11; the signal light emitted by the second signal transmitting area 2 passes through the second filtering part 7 of the filtering device and finally reaches the second signal receiving area 12 of the array type detection chip, so that the second signal transmitting area 2 corresponds to the second signal receiving area 12; the signal light emitted by the third signal transmitting area 3 finally reaches a third signal receiving area 13 of the array type detection chip after passing through a third filtering part 8 of the filtering device, so that the third signal transmitting area 3 corresponds to the third signal receiving area 13; the signal light emitted by the fourth signal transmitting area 4 passes through the fourth filtering part 9 of the filtering device and finally reaches the fourth signal receiving area 14 of the array type detection chip, so that the fourth signal transmitting area 4 corresponds to the fourth signal receiving area 14; by analogy, the signal light emitted by the mth signal sending area 5 passes through the mth filtering part 10 of the filtering device and finally reaches the mth signal receiving area 15 of the array type detection chip, so that the mth signal sending area 5 corresponds to the mth signal receiving area 15. By adopting the optical signal transmitting end and the optical signal receiving end, light in any signal transmitting area of the optical signal transmitting array can only be projected into one signal receiving area of the corresponding detector, and can not be projected into other signal receiving areas.
And 4, step 4: the method comprises the steps of removing noise from light intensity received by each light detection pixel element in a signal receiving area corresponding to a kth signal sending area, substituting the light intensity into each row unit of an amplification matrix of a matrix equation, substituting the ratio of the value detected by each light detection pixel element under the condition that each light source in the signal sending area is independently lighted to the emission intensity of the lighted light source, after the noise is removed, into each unit of each row of a coefficient matrix of the matrix equation, wherein the data of each unit of the coefficient matrix can be measured in advance through experiments, and thus obtaining a signal S through a method of solving the matrix equation (or a linear equation set)1,S2,…S n；
To explain the solving process of the matrix equation in detail, assume that there are p light detection pixel elements (p) in the signal receiving area corresponding to the kth signal transmitting area at time t>n, where p is an integer) are respectively I1,I2,…IpSolving the following matrix equation to obtain S through one of mathematical optimization algorithms such as a convex optimization algorithm, a Tikhonov regularization algorithm, an L1 norm regularization algorithm, a genetic algorithm, a cross direction multiplier method, a simulated annealing algorithm and the like or improvement methods thereof1,S2,…Sn。
In the formula, one element H in the channel transmission matrix Hij(i-1, 2 … p) (j-1, 2 … n) represents the transmission coefficient of the optical signal emitted by the jth light source in the kth signal transmission area through the transmission space of the MIMO optical communication system and received by the ith pixel element in the CCD, i.e. the ratio of the intensity of the optical signal emitted by the jth light source in the kth signal transmission area through the MIMO optical communication system and detected by the ith pixel element in the CCD to the intensity of the light source emission minus the background noise. For a specific MIMO optical communication system, the channel transmission matrix H is uniquely determined, and each element in the channel transmission matrix, i.e., the transmission coefficient, can be obtained in advance through experiments and can be substituted into the matrix equation.
And 5: get S1,S2,…SnThe average value of the n values is used as a judgment threshold, and S is used1,S2,…SnComparing the actual signals S 'transmitted by the n light sources in the kth signal sending area of the optical signal transmitting end at the time t with the judgment threshold, setting the actual signals S' to be greater than the judgment threshold to be 1, and setting the actual signals S 'to be less than the judgment threshold to be 0'1,S’2,…S’n；
Step 6: k is taken from 1 to m, namely, the data measured by the optical detection pixel elements in each signal receiving area are respectively substituted into each matrix equation, and the steps 2-5 are respectively repeated, so that the signal S 'can be received at the optical signal receiving end by solving m matrix equations'1,S’2,…S’m×n；
And 7: different signals are modulated at different moments through the light intensity modulator, and the signals sent by the light signal transmitting end at different moments can be received at the light signal receiving end.
From the above principle and steps, the maximum signal transmission rate of the communication system is limited by the frame rate of the array type detection chip, the response rate of the light source, the modulation rate of the light intensity modulator, the total number of light sources at the light signal emitting end, and the like. Generally, although the signal transmission rate can be increased to increase the amount of signal transmission per unit time, the error rate is also increased.
The optical communication system of the invention does not need to use complex and expensive multiplexing and demultiplexing optical devices, wherein the light source can adopt the most common LED light source, and if light sources with different emission spectra are required, besides adopting LED light sources with different specifications and models, different filter films or filter covers can be attached to the rear parts of the same LED light sources; the filter has simple structure and various forms, and can be prepared by adopting the existing simple and mature process; the light detector array can directly adopt a mature CCD or CMOS device. Therefore, the MIMO optical communication system has lower realization cost.
Different from the traditional wavelength division multiplexing or frequency division multiplexing optical communication system, the light source in the invention can adopt a broadband light source, the spectrums of the light sources belonging to different signal sending areas in the signal sending end are not required to be different from each other, and the spectrum frequency bands of the light sources in the same signal sending area can be overlapped with each other. For example, a signal sending end needs to transmit 72 paths of signals at the same time, m may be 8, and n may be 9, at this time, 8 signal sending areas are total, 9 LEDs are provided in each signal sending area, and the 72 paths of signals are loaded onto 72 LED light sources respectively through a light intensity modulator. The spectra of the 72 LED light sources are not required to be completely different, and only 9 light sources with different spectral curves (the spectral curves are shown in fig. 4) may be used to form one signal transmission region, while the other signal transmission regions use the same 9 light sources. Besides, the 9 light sources with different spectral curves in the same signal sending region can be obtained by adopting 9 LED light sources with the same type (with the same spectral curve) and attaching different filter films or filter covers behind the 9 LED light sources except adopting LED light sources with different specifications and types (with different spectral curves). The method of attaching different filter films or filter covers can also obtain 9 different emission spectra.
Take the example of using 9 different types of LED light sources. In fig. 4, the abscissa is wavelength and the ordinate is normalized spectral power, and the curves in the graph represent spectral curves of different LED light sources. The 9 LED light sources are in the same signal sending area, the other signal sending areas adopt the same 9 LED light sources, the total number of the signal sending areas is 8, therefore, the 9 LED light sources are divided into 8 groups, and the 72 LED light sources form an LED light source array to send 72 signals at the same time. The CCD array of the signal receiving end is provided with millions of pixel elements which are divided into 8 signal detection areas, and each signal detection area is provided with 16 filter membranes in the filter device opposite to the signal detection area. As shown in fig. 5, the transmission lines of the 16 filter films in the filter device facing one signal detection region in the LED emission band or the CCD detection band are different from each other. However, the transmission lines of the filter films in the filter devices facing different signal detection regions in the LED emission band or the CCD detection band can be the same. Each signal detection area has at least 16 pixel elements facing 16 different filter films. Therefore, after the signal lights emitted by the 9 LEDs in one signal transmission region pass through 16 different filter films simultaneously, the signal lights are received by the 16 pixel elements directly facing each other in a certain signal detection region, the data obtained by the 16 pixel elements are substituted into the amplification matrix of the matrix equation in the step 4, and the matrix equation is solved. Finally, the data measured by each pixel element in the 8 signal detection areas are received, 8 matrix equations are solved, the solving results of the 8 matrix equations are obtained, and the data sent by the 8 signal sending areas of the signal sending end at the moment can be decoded.
The invention has various embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.
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