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CN109347528B - 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method - Google Patents

3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method Download PDF

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CN109347528B
CN109347528B CN201811325576.XA CN201811325576A CN109347528B CN 109347528 B CN109347528 B CN 109347528B CN 201811325576 A CN201811325576 A CN 201811325576A CN 109347528 B CN109347528 B CN 109347528B
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CN109347528A (en
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李潇
孙婷婷
高西奇
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种3D‑MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法，基站采用均匀平面天线阵，方法包括如下步骤：初始状态时，利用统计信道信息计算各用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数；采用最小相似度方法进行多用户调度，选出相似度最小的服务用户计算预编码向量并进行预编码传输。本方法能有效减小用户间干扰，并能以较低的计算复杂度获取较高的系统吞吐量，能获得较高的和速率，鲁棒性高，易于实现；由于仅需要信道的统计信息，所需信道信息量小，适用于各种典型的无线通信系统；因同时考虑信道直达径和相关阵的影响，信道更具一般性。The present invention provides a 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method. The base station adopts a uniform plane antenna array, and the method includes the following steps: in an initial state, using statistical channel information to calculate the horizontal and vertical beamforming indices of each user; The minimum similarity method is used for multi-user scheduling, and the service user with the smallest similarity is selected to calculate the precoding vector and perform precoding transmission. The method can effectively reduce the interference between users, and can obtain high system throughput with low computational complexity, high sum rate, high robustness, and easy implementation; because only the statistical information of the channel is required , the required amount of channel information is small, and it is suitable for various typical wireless communication systems; the channel is more general because the influence of the direct path of the channel and the correlation array is considered at the same time.

Description

3D-MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method

技术领域technical field

本发明属于无线通信技术领域，涉及基站配置均匀平面天线阵的多用户下行系统用户调度及自适应传输技术，更为具体的说是涉及一种基于相似度的3D-MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to a multi-user downlink system user scheduling and adaptive transmission technology in which a base station is configured with a uniform plane antenna array, and more specifically relates to a similarity-based 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and self-adaptive transmission technology. Adapt to the transmission method.

背景技术Background technique

大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)作为一种可以提高网络传输速率和覆盖的有效方法，将成为新一代无线通信网络的关键技术之一。与传统的单用户多天线系统相比，大规模多输入多输出能充分利用空间资源，通过多个天线实现多发多收，在不增加频谱资源和天线发射功率的情况下，可以成倍的提高系统信道容量，并利用低成本、低功耗的器件真正实现绿色通信。As an effective method to improve network transmission rate and coverage, Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) will become one of the key technologies of the new generation of wireless communication networks. Compared with the traditional single-user multi-antenna system, large-scale multiple-input multiple-output can make full use of space resources, and achieve multiple transmission and multiple reception through multiple antennas, which can be doubled without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmit power. system channel capacity, and utilize low-cost, low-power devices to truly achieve green communications.

然而，在实际应用中，大规模多输入多输出无线通信面临着诸多挑战。首先，基站所能配置的天线数量受到基站空间以及载波频率的影响。通过挖掘垂直维度的资源，三维多输入多输出技术引起了国际学者们的广泛关注，即在基站配置二维网格排列的天线阵列，它克服了有限的空间对大规模多输入多输出无线通信系统的限制。此外，在实际通信中，基站的信道信息可由用户通过上行的有限反馈信道提供，但反馈信息的传输不可避免地存在反馈延时，因此，假设基于发送端已知理想信道信息来实现用户调度及自适应传输往往是不现实的。例如，对于FDD系统，信道信息的反馈给上行容量造成很大的负担，特别是在用户数和发射天线数较大以及信道状态变化较快的情况下。因此，利用信道统计信息，如发送相关阵，均值信息等进行下行用户调度及自适应传输是较为合适的选择。However, in practical applications, large-scale MIMO wireless communication faces many challenges. First, the number of antennas that can be configured by a base station is affected by the base station space and carrier frequency. By exploiting the resources in the vertical dimension, the 3D MIMO technology has attracted extensive attention of international scholars, that is, the antenna array arranged in a 2D grid is arranged in the base station, which overcomes the limited space for large-scale MIMO wireless communication. System limitations. In addition, in actual communication, the channel information of the base station can be provided by the user through the limited uplink feedback channel, but the transmission of the feedback information inevitably has feedback delay. Therefore, it is assumed that the ideal channel information is known at the transmitter to realize user scheduling and control. Adaptive transmission is often impractical. For example, for an FDD system, the feedback of channel information imposes a great burden on the uplink capacity, especially when the number of users and transmit antennas is large and the channel state changes rapidly. Therefore, it is a more appropriate choice to perform downlink user scheduling and adaptive transmission by using channel statistical information, such as transmission correlation matrix and mean value information.

现有针对大规模多输入多输出系统的研究大都是在瑞利衰落信道条件下进行的。虽然采用瑞利衰落信道模型可以有效简化性能分析，但实际信道中包含的直达径分量被忽略。例如，在毫米波通信系统中，由于毫米波传输具有高定向性和准光学性质，直达径会占主导地位，这使得简单建模为瑞利衰落信道变得不准确。此外，在实际通信中，受到用户空间限制，天线配置以及多普勒效应的影响，需要考虑信道相关阵的存在，但现有研究对此有所忽略。Most of the existing research on large-scale multiple-input multiple-output systems is carried out under the condition of Rayleigh fading channel. Although the Rayleigh fading channel model can effectively simplify the performance analysis, the direct path component contained in the actual channel is ignored. For example, in mmWave communication systems, due to the highly directional and quasi-optical nature of mmWave transmissions, the direct path dominates, making simple modeling as a Rayleigh fading channel inaccurate. In addition, in actual communication, due to the limitation of user space, antenna configuration and Doppler effect, the existence of channel correlation array needs to be considered, but this is ignored in existing research.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种三维多输入多输出下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法，为基站配置均匀平面天线阵，并充分考虑考虑信道相关阵，基于信道直达径以及相关阵的相关性质，从候选用户集合中挑选出与已选用户最大相似度最小的用户再进行预编码传输。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method, which configures a uniform plane antenna array for the base station, and fully considers the channel correlation matrix. Correlation properties, select the user with the smallest similarity with the selected user from the candidate user set, and then perform precoding transmission.

为了达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

3D-MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法，基站采用均匀平面天线阵，天线阵在垂直方向上有M行，水平方向每行N个阵元，相邻天线阵元间距在水平和垂直方向上均为载波波长的一半，共有L个配置单根接收天线的用户，基站最多能够同时服务U个用户；方法包括如下步骤：3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method, the base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array, the antenna array has M rows in the vertical direction, each row has N array elements in the horizontal direction, and the spacing between adjacent antenna elements is in the horizontal and vertical directions. The above are half of the carrier wavelength, there are L users configured with a single receiving antenna, and the base station can serve U users at most at the same time; the method includes the following steps:

步骤一，初始状态时，利用统计信道信息计算各用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数；Step 1, in the initial state, use the statistical channel information to calculate the horizontal and vertical beamforming indices of each user;

所述统计信道信息包括：用户k的信道莱斯因子

Figure BDA0001858663310000021
信道水平视距分量
Figure BDA0001858663310000022
垂直视距分量
Figure BDA0001858663310000023
信道水平相关阵
Figure BDA0001858663310000024
和信道垂直相关阵
Figure BDA0001858663310000025
其中，k＝1,…,L，矩阵Hk为基站与用户k之间的信道矩阵，Hk的第m行第n列的元素[Hk]m,n为基站第m行第n列的天线阵元与用户k之间的信道系数，
Figure BDA0001858663310000026
及
Figure BDA0001858663310000027
分别表示矩阵
Figure BDA0001858663310000028
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000029
的第一列，
Figure BDA00018586633100000210
上标(·)H代表共轭转置，上标(·)T代表转置，E{·}代表求均值；The statistical channel information includes: the channel Rice factor of user k
Figure BDA0001858663310000021
channel horizontal line-of-sight component
Figure BDA0001858663310000022
vertical line-of-sight component
Figure BDA0001858663310000023
Channel Horizontal Correlation Matrix
Figure BDA0001858663310000024
and channel vertical correlation matrix
Figure BDA0001858663310000025
Among them, k=1,...,L, the matrix H k is the channel matrix between the base station and the user k, and the element [H k ] m,n of the mth row and nth column of H k is the mth row and nth column of the base station. The channel coefficient between the antenna element and user k of ,
Figure BDA0001858663310000026
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000027
respectively represent the matrix
Figure BDA0001858663310000028
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000029
the first column of ,
Figure BDA00018586633100000210
Superscript (·) H stands for conjugate transpose, superscript (·) T stands for transposition, and E{·} stands for mean value;

计算各用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数的过程包括以下子步骤：The process of calculating the horizontal and vertical beamforming indices of each user includes the following sub-steps:

a1)对用户k,k＝1,…,L，计算

Figure BDA00018586633100000211
Figure BDA00018586633100000212
其中FM和FM分别为M×M和N×N的DFT矩阵，FM和FM第m行第n列的元素分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000213
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000214
e为自然底数，j′为虚数单位，上标(·)*代表共轭转置；a1) For user k, k=1,...,L, calculate
Figure BDA00018586633100000211
Figure BDA00018586633100000212
where FM and FM are M × M and N×N DFT matrices, respectively, and the elements of the mth row and nth column of FM and FM are respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000213
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000214
e is the natural base, j' is the imaginary unit, and the superscript (·) * represents the conjugate transpose;

a2)基于

Figure BDA00018586633100000215
及信道莱斯因子Kk，分别找出用户k在垂直和水平方向上的指标1：
Figure BDA00018586633100000216
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000217
a2) based on
Figure BDA00018586633100000215
and channel Rice factor K k , find out the index 1 of user k in the vertical and horizontal directions respectively:
Figure BDA00018586633100000216
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000217

a3)基于

Figure BDA00018586633100000218
及信道莱斯因子Kk，分别找出用户k在水平和垂直方向上的指标2：
Figure BDA00018586633100000219
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000220
a3) Based on
Figure BDA00018586633100000218
and channel Rice factor K k , find out the index 2 of user k in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively:
Figure BDA00018586633100000219
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000220

a4)利用指标1及指标2，找出垂直方向波束成形指数

Figure BDA00018586633100000221
水平方向波束成形指数
Figure BDA0001858663310000031
准则为：
Figure BDA0001858663310000032
其中，
Figure BDA0001858663310000033
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000034
分别为
Figure BDA0001858663310000035
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000036
的第
Figure BDA0001858663310000037
和第
Figure BDA0001858663310000038
个对角元，
Figure BDA0001858663310000039
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000310
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000311
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000312
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000313
和第
Figure BDA00018586633100000314
个对角元；a4) Using index 1 and index 2, find out the vertical beamforming index
Figure BDA00018586633100000221
Horizontal beamforming index
Figure BDA0001858663310000031
The guidelines are:
Figure BDA0001858663310000032
in,
Figure BDA0001858663310000033
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000034
respectively
Figure BDA0001858663310000035
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000036
First
Figure BDA0001858663310000037
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000038
a diagonal element,
Figure BDA0001858663310000039
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000310
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000311
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000312
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000313
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000314
a diagonal element;

步骤二、采用最小相似度方法进行多用户调度，具体包括以下子步骤：Step 2, using the minimum similarity method to perform multi-user scheduling, which specifically includes the following sub-steps:

b1)初始状态时，将调度出的服务用户集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000315
初始化为空集
Figure BDA00018586633100000316
其中
Figure BDA00018586633100000317
表示空集，未调度用户集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000318
初始化为全部用户
Figure BDA00018586633100000319
令l＝0；b1) In the initial state, the set of service users that will be scheduled
Figure BDA00018586633100000315
initialized to empty set
Figure BDA00018586633100000316
in
Figure BDA00018586633100000317
Represents an empty set, a set of unscheduled users
Figure BDA00018586633100000318
Initialize to all users
Figure BDA00018586633100000319
let l=0;

b2)计算集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000320
中任意用户k的有用信号平均能量Dk，找出集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000321
中有用信号平均能量最大的用户，将其加入集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000322
且从集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000323
中删去，并令l＝l+1；b2) Computational set
Figure BDA00018586633100000320
The average energy D k of the useful signal of any user k in , find the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000321
The user with the largest average energy of useful signals in the set is added to the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000322
and from the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000323
delete from , and let l=l+1;

b3)若l＜U且

Figure BDA00018586633100000324
则进入步骤b4)；否则，结束用户调度；b3) If l<U and
Figure BDA00018586633100000324
Then enter step b4); otherwise, end user scheduling;

b4)对集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000325
中任意用户k判断是否满足
Figure BDA00018586633100000326
且
Figure BDA00018586633100000327
并将不满足条件的用户从集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000328
中删去；b4) pairs of sets
Figure BDA00018586633100000325
Determine whether any user k in the
Figure BDA00018586633100000326
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000327
and remove users who do not meet the conditions from the collection
Figure BDA00018586633100000328
delete from;

b5)若集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000329
计算集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000356
中任意用户k对集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000330
中用户的最大相似度Gk，找出其中最大相似度最小的用户，将其加入集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000331
且从集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000332
中删去，并令l＝l+1，进入步骤b3)；b5) If the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000329
Computational Collection
Figure BDA00018586633100000356
A set of k pairs of any user in
Figure BDA00018586633100000330
The maximum similarity G k of the users in , find the user with the smallest maximum similarity and add it to the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000331
and from the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000332
Delete in, and make l=l+1, enter step b3);

步骤三、对服务用户集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000333
中的用户计算预编码矢量：用户k的预编码矢量为
Figure BDA00018586633100000334
其中，
Figure BDA00018586633100000335
为矩阵FM的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000336
列，
Figure BDA00018586633100000337
为矩阵FN的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000338
列；利用计算出的预编码矢量对服务用户集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000339
中的用户进行预编码传输。Step 3. Collect service users
Figure BDA00018586633100000333
The users in calculate the precoding vector: the precoding vector of user k is
Figure BDA00018586633100000334
in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000335
is the first of the matrix F M
Figure BDA00018586633100000336
List,
Figure BDA00018586633100000337
is the first order of matrix F N
Figure BDA00018586633100000338
Column; use the calculated precoding vector to serve the set of users
Figure BDA00018586633100000339
users in precoded transmission.

进一步的，所述步骤a2)中用户k在垂直和水平方向上的指标1：

Figure BDA00018586633100000340
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000341
的计算方法为：Further, in the step a2), the index 1 of the user k in the vertical and horizontal directions:
Figure BDA00018586633100000340
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000341
The calculation method is:

Figure BDA00018586633100000342
Figure BDA00018586633100000342

Figure BDA00018586633100000343
Figure BDA00018586633100000343

其中，

Figure BDA00018586633100000344
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000345
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000346
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000347
的第i和第j个对角元，
Figure BDA00018586633100000348
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000349
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000350
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000351
的第i和第j个对角元。in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000344
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000345
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000346
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000347
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ,
Figure BDA00018586633100000348
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000349
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000350
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000351
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of .

进一步的，所述步骤a3)中用户k在水平和垂直方向上的指标2：

Figure BDA00018586633100000352
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000353
的计算方法为：Further, in the step a3), the indicator 2 of the user k in the horizontal and vertical directions:
Figure BDA00018586633100000352
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000353
The calculation method is:

Figure BDA00018586633100000354
Figure BDA00018586633100000354

Figure BDA00018586633100000355
Figure BDA00018586633100000355

其中，

Figure BDA0001858663310000041
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000042
分别为
Figure BDA0001858663310000043
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000044
的第i和第j个对角元，
Figure BDA0001858663310000045
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000046
分别为
Figure BDA0001858663310000047
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000048
的第i和第j个对角元。in,
Figure BDA0001858663310000041
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000042
respectively
Figure BDA0001858663310000043
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000044
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ,
Figure BDA0001858663310000045
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000046
respectively
Figure BDA0001858663310000047
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000048
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of .

进一步的，所述步骤b2)中用户k的有用信号平均能量Dk的计算方法为：Further, in the step b2), the calculation method of the useful signal average energy D k of user k is:

Figure BDA0001858663310000049
Figure BDA0001858663310000049

其中，

Figure BDA00018586633100000410
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000411
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000412
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000413
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000414
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000415
个对角元，
Figure BDA00018586633100000416
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000417
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000418
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000419
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000420
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000421
个对角元。in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000410
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000411
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000412
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000413
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000414
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000415
a diagonal element,
Figure BDA00018586633100000416
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000417
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000418
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000419
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000420
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000421
a diagonal element.

进一步的，所述步骤b5)中任意用户k对集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000422
中用户的最大相似度Gk的计算方法为：Further, in the step b5), any user k pair set
Figure BDA00018586633100000422
The calculation method of the maximum similarity G k of users in is:

Figure BDA00018586633100000423
Figure BDA00018586633100000423

其中，in,

Figure BDA00018586633100000424
Figure BDA00018586633100000424

Figure BDA00018586633100000425
Figure BDA00018586633100000425

其中，

Figure BDA00018586633100000426
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000427
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000428
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000429
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000430
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000431
个对角元，
Figure BDA00018586633100000432
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000433
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000434
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000435
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000436
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000437
个对角元。in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000426
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000427
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000428
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000429
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000430
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000431
a diagonal element,
Figure BDA00018586633100000432
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000433
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000434
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000435
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000436
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000437
a diagonal element.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点和有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1.本方法能有效减小用户间干扰，并能以较低的计算复杂度获取较高的系统吞吐量，鲁棒性高，易于实现。1. The method can effectively reduce the interference between users, and can obtain high system throughput with low computational complexity, high robustness, and easy implementation.

2.本方法仅需要信道的统计信息，所需信道信息量小，适用于各种典型的无线通信系统。2. This method only needs the statistical information of the channel, and the required amount of channel information is small, and is suitable for various typical wireless communication systems.

3.本方法同时考虑信道直达径和相关阵的影响，信道更具一般性。3. This method considers the influence of the direct path of the channel and the correlation array at the same time, and the channel is more general.

4.本方法能获得较高的和速率。4. This method can obtain higher sum rate.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下将结合具体实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细说明，应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

考虑一个多用户下行链路，基站采用均匀平面天线阵，天线阵在垂直方向上有M行，水平方向每行N个阵元，相邻天线阵元间距在水平和垂直方向上均为载波波长的一半，共有L个配置单根接收天线的用户，基站最多能够同时服务U个用户。基站已知用户k的统计信道信息，其中k＝1,…,L，统计信道信息包括：用户k的信道莱斯因子

Figure BDA0001858663310000051
信道水平视距分量
Figure BDA0001858663310000052
垂直视距分量
Figure BDA0001858663310000053
信道水平相关阵
Figure BDA0001858663310000054
和信道垂直相关阵
Figure BDA0001858663310000055
其中，矩阵Hk为基站与用户k之间的信道矩阵，Hk的第m行第n列的元素[Hk]m,n为基站第m行第n列的天线阵元与用户k之间的信道系数，
Figure BDA0001858663310000056
及
Figure BDA0001858663310000057
分别表示矩阵
Figure BDA0001858663310000058
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000059
的第一列，
Figure BDA00018586633100000510
上标(·)H代表共轭转置，上标(·)T代表转置，E{·}代表求均值；Consider a multi-user downlink, the base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array, the antenna array has M rows in the vertical direction, and each row has N array elements in the horizontal direction, and the spacing between adjacent antenna array elements is the carrier wavelength in both the horizontal and vertical directions. There are L users configured with a single receiving antenna in total, and the base station can serve up to U users at the same time. The base station knows the statistical channel information of user k, where k=1,...,L, and the statistical channel information includes: the channel Rice factor of user k
Figure BDA0001858663310000051
channel horizontal line-of-sight component
Figure BDA0001858663310000052
vertical line-of-sight component
Figure BDA0001858663310000053
Channel Horizontal Correlation Matrix
Figure BDA0001858663310000054
and channel vertical correlation matrix
Figure BDA0001858663310000055
Among them, the matrix H k is the channel matrix between the base station and the user k, and the element [H k ] m,n of the mth row and the nth column of H k is the antenna array element of the mth row and nth column of the base station and the user k. The channel coefficient between
Figure BDA0001858663310000056
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000057
respectively represent the matrix
Figure BDA0001858663310000058
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000059
the first column of ,
Figure BDA00018586633100000510
Superscript (·) H stands for conjugate transpose, superscript (·) T stands for transposition, and E{·} stands for mean value;

基站按如下步骤进行用户调度及自适应传输：The base station performs user scheduling and adaptive transmission according to the following steps:

步骤一、利用统计信道信息计算各用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数。Step 1: Calculate the horizontal and vertical beamforming indices of each user by using the statistical channel information.

其中用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数按如下步骤进行：Among them, the beamforming index in the horizontal and vertical directions of the user is carried out according to the following steps:

a1)对用户k,k＝1,…,L，计算

Figure BDA00018586633100000511
Figure BDA00018586633100000512
以及
Figure BDA00018586633100000513
其中FM和FM分别为M×M和N×N的DFT矩阵，FM和FM第m行第n列的元素分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000514
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000515
e为自然底数，j′为虚数单位，上标(·)*代表共轭转置；a1) For user k, k=1,...,L, calculate
Figure BDA00018586633100000511
Figure BDA00018586633100000512
as well as
Figure BDA00018586633100000513
where FM and FM are M × M and N×N DFT matrices, respectively, and the elements of the mth row and nth column of FM and FM are respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000514
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000515
e is the natural base, j' is the imaginary unit, and the superscript (·) * represents the conjugate transpose;

a2)基于

Figure BDA00018586633100000516
及信道莱斯因子Kk，分别找出用户k在垂直和水平方向上的指标1：
Figure BDA00018586633100000517
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000518
其计算方法是：a2) based on
Figure BDA00018586633100000516
and channel Rice factor K k , find out the index 1 of user k in the vertical and horizontal directions respectively:
Figure BDA00018586633100000517
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000518
Its calculation method is:

Figure BDA00018586633100000519
Figure BDA00018586633100000519

Figure BDA00018586633100000520
Figure BDA00018586633100000520

其中，

Figure BDA00018586633100000521
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000522
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000523
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000524
的第i和第j个对角元，
Figure BDA00018586633100000525
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000526
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000527
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000528
的第i和第j个对角元。in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000521
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000522
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000523
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000524
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ,
Figure BDA00018586633100000525
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000526
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000527
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000528
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of .

a3)基于

Figure BDA00018586633100000529
及信道莱斯因子Kk，分别找出用户k在水平和垂直方向上的指标2：
Figure BDA0001858663310000061
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000062
其计算方法为：a3) Based on
Figure BDA00018586633100000529
and channel Rice factor K k , find out the index 2 of user k in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively:
Figure BDA0001858663310000061
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000062
Its calculation method is:

Figure BDA0001858663310000063
Figure BDA0001858663310000063

Figure BDA0001858663310000064
Figure BDA0001858663310000064

其中，

Figure BDA0001858663310000065
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000066
分别为
Figure BDA0001858663310000067
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000068
的第i和第j个对角元，
Figure BDA0001858663310000069
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000610
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000611
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000612
的第i和第j个对角元。in,
Figure BDA0001858663310000065
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000066
respectively
Figure BDA0001858663310000067
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000068
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ,
Figure BDA0001858663310000069
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000610
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000611
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000612
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of .

a4)利用指标1及指标2，找出垂直方向波束成形指数

Figure BDA00018586633100000613
水平方向波束成形指数
Figure BDA00018586633100000614
准则为：
Figure BDA00018586633100000615
其中，
Figure BDA00018586633100000616
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000617
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000618
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000619
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000620
和第
Figure BDA00018586633100000621
个对角元，
Figure BDA00018586633100000622
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000623
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000624
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000625
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000626
和第
Figure BDA00018586633100000627
个对角元；a4) Using index 1 and index 2, find out the vertical beamforming index
Figure BDA00018586633100000613
Horizontal beamforming index
Figure BDA00018586633100000614
The guidelines are:
Figure BDA00018586633100000615
in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000616
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000617
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000618
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000619
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000620
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000621
a diagonal element,
Figure BDA00018586633100000622
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000623
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000624
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000625
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000626
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000627
a diagonal element;

步骤二、采用最小相似度方法进行多用户调度。Step 2, using the minimum similarity method to perform multi-user scheduling.

所述最小相似度方法按如下步骤进行：The minimum similarity method is performed as follows:

b1)初始状态时，将调度出的服务用户集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000628
初始化为空集
Figure BDA00018586633100000629
其中
Figure BDA00018586633100000630
表示空集，未调度用户集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000631
初始化为全部用户
Figure BDA00018586633100000632
令l＝0；b1) In the initial state, the set of service users that will be scheduled
Figure BDA00018586633100000628
initialized to empty set
Figure BDA00018586633100000629
in
Figure BDA00018586633100000630
Represents an empty set, a set of unscheduled users
Figure BDA00018586633100000631
Initialize to all users
Figure BDA00018586633100000632
let l=0;

b2)计算集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000633
中每个用户的有用信号平均能量，其中用户k的有用信号平均能量Dk的计算方法是：b2) Computational set
Figure BDA00018586633100000633
The average energy of useful signals of each user in , where the average energy of useful signals of user k D k is calculated as:

Figure BDA00018586633100000634
Figure BDA00018586633100000634

其中，

Figure BDA00018586633100000635
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000636
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000637
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000638
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000639
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000640
个对角元，
Figure BDA00018586633100000641
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000642
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000643
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000644
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000645
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000646
个对角元；找出集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000647
中有用信号平均能量最大的用户，将其加入集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000648
且从集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000649
中删去，并令l＝l+1；in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000635
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000636
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000637
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000638
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000639
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000640
a diagonal element,
Figure BDA00018586633100000641
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000642
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000643
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000644
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000645
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000646
diagonal elements; find the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000647
The user with the largest average energy of useful signals in the set is added to the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000648
and from the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000649
delete from , and let l=l+1;

b3)若l＜U且

Figure BDA00018586633100000650
则进入步骤b4)；否则，结束用户调度；b3) If l<U and
Figure BDA00018586633100000650
Then enter step b4); otherwise, end user scheduling;

b4)对集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000651
中任意用户k判断是否满足
Figure BDA00018586633100000652
且
Figure BDA00018586633100000653
并将不满足条件的用户从集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000654
中删去；b4) pairs of sets
Figure BDA00018586633100000651
Determine whether any user k in the
Figure BDA00018586633100000652
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000653
and remove users who do not meet the conditions from the collection
Figure BDA00018586633100000654
delete from;

b5)若集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000655
计算集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000656
中任意用户k对集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000657
中用户的最大相似度
Figure BDA00018586633100000658
其中，b5) If the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000655
Computational Collection
Figure BDA00018586633100000656
A set of k pairs of any user in
Figure BDA00018586633100000657
maximum similarity of users in
Figure BDA00018586633100000658
in,

Figure BDA0001858663310000071
Figure BDA0001858663310000071

Figure BDA0001858663310000072
Figure BDA0001858663310000072

Figure BDA0001858663310000073
和
Figure BDA0001858663310000074
分别为
Figure BDA0001858663310000075
的第
Figure BDA0001858663310000076
个对角元和
Figure BDA0001858663310000077
的第
Figure BDA0001858663310000078
个对角元，
Figure BDA0001858663310000079
和
Figure BDA00018586633100000710
分别为
Figure BDA00018586633100000711
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000712
个对角元和
Figure BDA00018586633100000713
的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000714
个对角元，找出其中最大相似度最小的用户，将其加入集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000715
且从集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000716
中删去，并令l＝l+1，进入步骤b3)；
Figure BDA0001858663310000073
and
Figure BDA0001858663310000074
respectively
Figure BDA0001858663310000075
First
Figure BDA0001858663310000076
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA0001858663310000077
First
Figure BDA0001858663310000078
a diagonal element,
Figure BDA0001858663310000079
and
Figure BDA00018586633100000710
respectively
Figure BDA00018586633100000711
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000712
diagonal elements and
Figure BDA00018586633100000713
First
Figure BDA00018586633100000714
diagonal elements, find the user with the largest similarity and the smallest, and add it to the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000715
and from the set
Figure BDA00018586633100000716
Delete in, and make l=l+1, enter step b3);

步骤三、对服务用户集合

Figure BDA00018586633100000717
中的用户计算预编码矢量：用户k的预编码矢量为
Figure BDA00018586633100000718
其中，
Figure BDA00018586633100000719
为矩阵FM的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000720
列，
Figure BDA00018586633100000721
为矩阵FN的第
Figure BDA00018586633100000722
列；利用计算出的预编码矢量对服务用户集合
Figure BDA00018586633100000723
中的用户进行预编码传输。Step 3. Collect service users
Figure BDA00018586633100000717
The users in calculate the precoding vector: the precoding vector of user k is
Figure BDA00018586633100000718
in,
Figure BDA00018586633100000719
is the first of the matrix F M
Figure BDA00018586633100000720
List,
Figure BDA00018586633100000721
is the first order of matrix F N
Figure BDA00018586633100000722
Column; use the calculated precoding vector to serve the set of users
Figure BDA00018586633100000723
users in precoded transmission.

本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。The technical means disclosed in the solution of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1.3D-MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法，其特征在于，基站采用均匀平面天线阵，天线阵在垂直方向上有M行，水平方向每行N个阵元，相邻天线阵元间距在水平和垂直方向上均为载波波长的一半，共有L个配置单根接收天线的用户，基站最多能够同时服务U个用户；方法包括如下步骤：1. The 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method is characterized in that the base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array, and the antenna array has M rows in the vertical direction, N array elements in each row in the horizontal direction, and the distance between adjacent antenna array elements is Both the horizontal and vertical directions are half of the carrier wavelength, there are L users configured with a single receiving antenna, and the base station can serve U users at most at the same time; the method includes the following steps: 步骤一，初始状态时，利用统计信道信息计算各用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数；Step 1, in the initial state, use the statistical channel information to calculate the horizontal and vertical beamforming indices of each user; 所述统计信道信息包括：用户k的信道莱斯因子
Figure FDA0002857295820000011
信道水平视距分量
Figure FDA0002857295820000012
垂直视距分量
Figure FDA0002857295820000013
信道水平相关阵
Figure FDA0002857295820000014
和信道垂直相关阵
Figure FDA0002857295820000015
其中，k＝1,…,L，矩阵Hk为基站与用户k之间的信道矩阵，Hk的第m行第n列的元素[Hk]m,n为基站第m行第n列的天线阵元与用户k之间的信道系数，
Figure FDA0002857295820000016
Figure FDA0002857295820000017
及
Figure FDA0002857295820000018
分别表示矩阵
Figure FDA0002857295820000019
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000110
的第一列，
Figure FDA00028572958200000111
上标(·)H代表共轭转置，上标(·)T代表转置，E{·}代表求均值，h表示水平方向相关的参量，v表示垂直方向相关的参量；The statistical channel information includes: the channel Rice factor of user k
Figure FDA0002857295820000011
channel horizontal line-of-sight component
Figure FDA0002857295820000012
vertical line-of-sight component
Figure FDA0002857295820000013
Channel Horizontal Correlation Matrix
Figure FDA0002857295820000014
and channel vertical correlation matrix
Figure FDA0002857295820000015
Among them, k=1,...,L, the matrix H k is the channel matrix between the base station and the user k, and the element [H k ] m,n of the mth row and nth column of H k is the mth row and nth column of the base station. The channel coefficient between the antenna element and user k of ,
Figure FDA0002857295820000016
Figure FDA0002857295820000017
and
Figure FDA0002857295820000018
respectively represent the matrix
Figure FDA0002857295820000019
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000110
the first column of ,
Figure FDA00028572958200000111
The superscript (·) H stands for conjugate transpose, the superscript (·) T stands for transposition, E{·} stands for mean value, h stands for the parameters related to the horizontal direction, and v stands for the parameters related to the vertical direction; 计算各用户水平及垂直方向波束成形指数的过程包括以下子步骤：The process of calculating the horizontal and vertical beamforming indices of each user includes the following sub-steps: a1)对用户k,k＝1,…,L，计算
Figure FDA00028572958200000112
Figure FDA00028572958200000113
以及
Figure FDA00028572958200000114
其中FM和FN分别为M×M和N×N的DFT矩阵，FM和FN第m行第n列的元素分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000115
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000116
e为自然底数，j′为虚数单位，上标(·)*代表共轭转置；a1) For user k, k=1,...,L, calculate
Figure FDA00028572958200000112
Figure FDA00028572958200000113
as well as
Figure FDA00028572958200000114
where FM and FN are DFT matrices of M × M and N × N , respectively, and the elements of the mth row and nth column of FM and FN are respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000115
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000116
e is the natural base, j' is the imaginary unit, and the superscript (·) * represents the conjugate transpose; a2)基于
Figure FDA00028572958200000117
及信道莱斯因子Kk，分别找出用户k在垂直和水平方向上的指标1：
Figure FDA00028572958200000118
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000119
其计算方法为a2) based on
Figure FDA00028572958200000117
and channel Rice factor K k , find out the index 1 of user k in the vertical and horizontal directions respectively:
Figure FDA00028572958200000118
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000119
Its calculation method is
Figure FDA00028572958200000120
Figure FDA00028572958200000120
Figure FDA00028572958200000121
Figure FDA00028572958200000121
 其中，
Figure FDA0002857295820000021
和
Figure FDA0002857295820000022
分别为
Figure FDA0002857295820000023
和
Figure FDA0002857295820000024
的第i和第j个对角元，
Figure FDA0002857295820000025
和
Figure FDA0002857295820000026
分别为
Figure FDA0002857295820000027
和
Figure FDA0002857295820000028
的第i和第j个对角元；in,
Figure FDA0002857295820000021
and
Figure FDA0002857295820000022
respectively
Figure FDA0002857295820000023
and
Figure FDA0002857295820000024
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ,
Figure FDA0002857295820000025
and
Figure FDA0002857295820000026
respectively
Figure FDA0002857295820000027
and
Figure FDA0002857295820000028
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ; a3)基于
Figure FDA0002857295820000029
及信道莱斯因子Kk，分别找出用户k在水平和垂直方向上的指标2：
Figure FDA00028572958200000210
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000211
其计算方法为a3) Based on
Figure FDA0002857295820000029
and channel Rice factor K k , find out the index 2 of user k in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively:
Figure FDA00028572958200000210
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000211
Its calculation method is
Figure FDA00028572958200000212
Figure FDA00028572958200000212
Figure FDA00028572958200000213
Figure FDA00028572958200000213
 其中，
Figure FDA00028572958200000214
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000215
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000216
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000217
的第i和第j个对角元，
Figure FDA00028572958200000218
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000219
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000220
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000221
的第i和第j个对角元；in,
Figure FDA00028572958200000214
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000215
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000216
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000217
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ,
Figure FDA00028572958200000218
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000219
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000220
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000221
The i-th and j-th diagonal elements of ; a4)利用指标1及指标2，找出垂直方向波束成形指数
Figure FDA00028572958200000222
水平方向波束成形指数
Figure FDA00028572958200000223
准则为：
Figure FDA00028572958200000224
其中，
Figure FDA00028572958200000225
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000226
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000227
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000228
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000229
和第
Figure FDA00028572958200000230
个对角元，
Figure FDA00028572958200000231
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000232
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000233
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000234
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000235
和第
Figure FDA00028572958200000236
个对角元；a4) Using index 1 and index 2, find out the vertical beamforming index
Figure FDA00028572958200000222
Horizontal beamforming index
Figure FDA00028572958200000223
The guidelines are:
Figure FDA00028572958200000224
in,
Figure FDA00028572958200000225
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000226
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000227
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000228
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000229
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000230
a diagonal element,
Figure FDA00028572958200000231
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000232
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000233
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000234
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000235
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000236
a diagonal element; 步骤二、采用最小相似度方法进行多用户调度，具体包括以下子步骤：Step 2, using the minimum similarity method to perform multi-user scheduling, which specifically includes the following sub-steps: b1)初始状态时，将调度出的服务用户集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000237
初始化为空集
Figure FDA00028572958200000238
其中
Figure FDA00028572958200000239
表示空集，未调度用户集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000240
初始化为全部用户
Figure FDA00028572958200000241
令l＝0，l为迭代次数；b1) In the initial state, the set of service users that will be scheduled
Figure FDA00028572958200000237
initialized to empty set
Figure FDA00028572958200000238
in
Figure FDA00028572958200000239
Represents an empty set, a set of unscheduled users
Figure FDA00028572958200000240
Initialize to all users
Figure FDA00028572958200000241
Let l=0, l is the number of iterations; b2)计算集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000242
中任意用户k的有用信号平均能量Dk，找出集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000243
中有用信号平均能量最大的用户，将其加入集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000244
且从集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000245
中删去，并令l＝l+1；b2) Computational set
Figure FDA00028572958200000242
The average energy D k of the useful signal of any user k in , find the set
Figure FDA00028572958200000243
The user with the largest average energy of useful signals in the set is added to the set
Figure FDA00028572958200000244
and from the set
Figure FDA00028572958200000245
delete from , and let l=l+1; b3)若l＜U且
Figure FDA00028572958200000246
则进入步骤b4)；否则，结束用户调度；b3) If l<U and
Figure FDA00028572958200000246
Then enter step b4); otherwise, end user scheduling; b4)对集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000247
中任意用户k判断是否满足
Figure FDA00028572958200000256
且
Figure FDA00028572958200000248
并将不满足条件的用户从集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000249
中删去；b4) pairs of sets
Figure FDA00028572958200000247
Determine whether any user k in the
Figure FDA00028572958200000256
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000248
and remove users who do not meet the conditions from the collection
Figure FDA00028572958200000249
delete from; b5)若集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000250
计算集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000251
中任意用户k对集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000252
中用户的最大相似度Gk，找出其中最大相似度最小的用户，将其加入集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000253
且从集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000254
中删去，并令l＝l+1，进入步骤b3)；b5) If the set
Figure FDA00028572958200000250
Computational Collection
Figure FDA00028572958200000251
A set of k pairs of any user in
Figure FDA00028572958200000252
The maximum similarity G k of the users in , find the user with the smallest maximum similarity and add it to the set
Figure FDA00028572958200000253
and from the set
Figure FDA00028572958200000254
Delete in, and make l=l+1, enter step b3); 步骤三、对服务用户集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000255
中的用户计算预编码矢量：用户k的预编码矢量为
Figure FDA0002857295820000031
其中，
Figure FDA0002857295820000032
为矩阵FM的第
Figure FDA0002857295820000033
列，
Figure FDA0002857295820000034
为矩阵FN的第
Figure FDA0002857295820000035
列；利用计算出的预编码矢量对服务用户集合
Figure FDA0002857295820000036
中的用户进行预编码传输。Step 3. Collect service users
Figure FDA00028572958200000255
The users in calculate the precoding vector: the precoding vector of user k is
Figure FDA0002857295820000031
in,
Figure FDA0002857295820000032
is the first of the matrix F M
Figure FDA0002857295820000033
List,
Figure FDA0002857295820000034
is the first order of matrix F N
Figure FDA0002857295820000035
Column; use the calculated precoding vector to serve the set of users
Figure FDA0002857295820000036
users in precoded transmission. 2.根据权利要求1所述的3D-MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤b2)中用户k的有用信号平均能量Dk的计算方法为：2. The 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the average energy Dk of the useful signal of user k in the step b2) is:
Figure FDA0002857295820000037
Figure FDA0002857295820000037
 其中，
Figure FDA0002857295820000038
和
Figure FDA0002857295820000039
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000310
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000311
个对角元和
Figure FDA00028572958200000312
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000313
个对角元，
Figure FDA00028572958200000314
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000315
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000316
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000317
个对角元和
Figure FDA00028572958200000318
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000319
个对角元。in,
Figure FDA0002857295820000038
and
Figure FDA0002857295820000039
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000310
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000311
diagonal elements and
Figure FDA00028572958200000312
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000313
a diagonal element,
Figure FDA00028572958200000314
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000315
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000316
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000317
diagonal elements and
Figure FDA00028572958200000318
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000319
a diagonal element. 3.根据权利要求1所述的3D-MIMO下行多用户调度及自适应传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤b5)中任意用户k对集合
Figure FDA00028572958200000335
中用户的最大相似度Gk的计算方法为：3. The 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method according to claim 1, wherein in the step b5), any user k pair set
Figure FDA00028572958200000335
The calculation method of the maximum similarity G k of users in is:
Figure FDA00028572958200000320
Figure FDA00028572958200000320
 其中，in,
Figure FDA00028572958200000321
Figure FDA00028572958200000321
Figure FDA00028572958200000322
Figure FDA00028572958200000322
 其中，
Figure FDA00028572958200000323
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000324
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000325
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000326
个对角元和
Figure FDA00028572958200000327
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000328
个对角元，
Figure FDA00028572958200000329
和
Figure FDA00028572958200000330
分别为
Figure FDA00028572958200000331
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000332
个对角元和
Figure FDA00028572958200000333
的第
Figure FDA00028572958200000334
个对角元。in,
Figure FDA00028572958200000323
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000324
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000325
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000326
diagonal elements and
Figure FDA00028572958200000327
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000328
a diagonal element,
Figure FDA00028572958200000329
and
Figure FDA00028572958200000330
respectively
Figure FDA00028572958200000331
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000332
diagonal elements and
Figure FDA00028572958200000333
First
Figure FDA00028572958200000334
a diagonal element.
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