CN109347342B - AC wide voltage input DC negative voltage output power supply voltage stabilizing chip - Google Patents
AC wide voltage input DC negative voltage output power supply voltage stabilizing chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN109347342B CN109347342B CN201811400379.XA CN201811400379A CN109347342B CN 109347342 B CN109347342 B CN 109347342B CN 201811400379 A CN201811400379 A CN 201811400379A CN 109347342 B CN109347342 B CN 109347342B
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种可交流宽电压输入直流负电压输出供电稳压芯片。The invention relates to a voltage stabilizing chip capable of AC wide voltage input and DC negative voltage output.
背景技术Background technique
在家电控制板领域，TRIAC可控硅是不可或缺的驱动元器件，尤其在大功率可控硅组件下要使可控硅正确无误的驱动，必须让可控硅工作在Ⅱ、Ⅲ象限内，才能确保以最小的触发电流取得对可控硅完全的触发。In the field of home appliance control boards, TRIAC thyristors are indispensable driving components. Especially in high-power thyristor components, in order to drive the thyristor correctly, the thyristor must work in the II and III quadrants. , in order to ensure complete triggering of the thyristor with the minimum trigger current.
传统电路设计将交流电源转成直流电源时，往往采用的方式如下：When traditional circuit design converts AC power to DC power, the following methods are often used:
a.变压器降压方式：a. Transformer step-down method:
优点：成本高，无EMI/EMC问题，取出电流大。Advantages: high cost, no EMI/EMC problems, large extraction current.
缺点：重量重，体积大，效率低，硅钢片发热不符合欧盟ERP标准。Disadvantages: heavy weight, large volume, low efficiency, and the heating of silicon steel sheets does not meet EU ERP standards.
b.开关式电源降压方式：b. Switching power supply step-down method:
优点：体积小重量轻，效率高，取出电流大。Advantages: small size, light weight, high efficiency, large extraction current.
缺点：有EMI/EMC问题，成本适中，周边元器件多，MOS管发热大。Disadvantages: There are EMI/EMC problems, the cost is moderate, there are many peripheral components, and the MOS tube generates a lot of heat.
c.电阻式降压方式：c. Resistive voltage reduction method:
优点：体积小重量轻，无EMI/EMC问题，成本低。Advantages: small size, light weight, no EMI/EMC problems, low cost.
缺点：效率低，取出电流小，电阻发烫严重，不符合欧盟ERP标准。Disadvantages: low efficiency, small extraction current, serious resistance heating, and does not meet EU ERP standards.
d.阻容式降压方式:d. Resistor-capacitor voltage reduction method:
优点：重量轻，无EMI/EMC问题，成本适中。Advantages: light weight, no EMI/EMC issues, moderate cost.
缺点：体积大，效率低，电容寿命易老化及受温度影响，不符合欧盟ERP标准，限流电阻易击穿燃烧烧毁。Disadvantages: large size, low efficiency, capacitor life is easy to age and affected by temperature, does not meet EU ERP standards, current limiting resistor is easy to breakdown and burn.
而上述将交流电源转成直流电源之方式中，又以阻容式降压方式为目前最常采用的方式，请参阅第1图所示，即为以阻容式降压做为可控硅电源的电路图，该电路的输入端包含有一交流电源，该交流电源与一电阻及一电容形成串并联，使交流电源藉由该电容及电阻而限制其最大电流，另外再连接二个二极体所构成之整流电路，将交流电流整流为直流电流，再藉由一齐纳二极体及一电解电容，输出一稳压之直流电源，作为多数个可控硅的闸极直流触发信号之电流，由于该电容体积大，故造成组装上的困扰，加上电容容易老化，故有使用寿命的限制，至于电阻则有被击穿烧毁。Among the above-mentioned methods of converting AC power to DC power, the resistor-capacitor step-down method is currently the most commonly used method. Please refer to Figure 1, which uses a resistor-capacitor step-down as a thyristor. Circuit diagram of a power supply. The input end of the circuit contains an AC power supply. The AC power supply is connected in series and parallel with a resistor and a capacitor, so that the AC power supply limits its maximum current through the capacitor and resistor. In addition, two diodes are connected. The rectifier circuit formed rectifies the AC current into a DC current, and then outputs a regulated DC power supply through a Zener diode and an electrolytic capacitor, which serves as the current for the DC trigger signal of the gates of multiple silicon controlled thyristors. Due to the large size of the capacitor, it causes assembly problems. In addition, the capacitor is prone to aging, so its service life is limited. As for the resistor, it may be broken down and burned.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的在于：提供一种可交流宽电压输入直流负电压输出供电稳压芯片，综合上述各种降压方式的缺点，设计一款体积小、取出电流适中、无EMI/EMC干扰、不发热、成本低的芯片为首要设计解决目标，再经由泵电源转成负电压输出，此芯片除了可提供家电控制板的供电以外还可完全满足大功率可控硅负电压驱动的需求，使本发明可提供各种小家电产品所有交流转直流供电用。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a power supply voltage stabilizing chip capable of AC wide voltage input and DC negative voltage output. Taking into account the shortcomings of the various voltage reduction methods mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to design a small size and moderate extraction current. , no EMI/EMC interference, no heat, low cost chip is the primary design solution goal, and then converted into a negative voltage output through the pump power supply. In addition to providing power supply for home appliance control boards, this chip can also fully meet the needs of high-power thyristors. The demand for negative voltage driving enables the present invention to provide AC to DC power supply for all kinds of small household appliances.
本发明的技术解决方案是：一种可交流宽电压输入直流负电压输出供电稳压芯片，至少设有两半波交流电源输入接脚、一工作电压输出接脚、两个泵电源储能电容接脚、一直流电压输出接脚、一直流负电压输出接脚，该芯片包括：The technical solution of the present invention is: a power supply stabilizing chip capable of AC wide voltage input and DC negative voltage output, which is provided with at least two half-wave AC power input pins, one working voltage output pin, and two pump power supply energy storage capacitors. pins, DC voltage output pins, and DC negative voltage output pins. The chip includes:
一内部供电电路单元，与半波交流电源输入端相连接，其包含有一第一软开关、一恒流源及一启动判别电路，当芯片上电时，电流经该第一软开关及该恒流源，对芯片外部的储能电容进行充电，当达到启动判别电路上限参考电压时，该第一软开关即关闭对外部储能电容的充电路径，并提供芯片内部的工作电压；An internal power supply circuit unit is connected to the half-wave AC power input end and includes a first soft switch, a constant current source and a start-up determination circuit. When the chip is powered on, the current flows through the first soft switch and the constant current source. The current source charges the energy storage capacitor outside the chip. When the upper limit reference voltage of the startup discrimination circuit is reached, the first soft switch closes the charging path to the external energy storage capacitor and provides the working voltage inside the chip;
一第二软开关启动判别电路单元，与交流电源输入端相连接，其包含有一交流检测钳位电路及一第二软开关，当该交流检测钳位电路检测到低压工作区电位时，即开启该第二软开关，继续对外部的储能电容以低频非连续性脉冲继续充电；当第一储能电容充饱电时关闭第二软开关,同时开启第三软开关将第一储能电容电能转换给第二储能电容,此时再将第二储能电容储存的正电压能量经由泵电源回路储存于外部第三储能电容上,同时再将已储存在泵电源上的第三储能电容电能经由外部第四储能电容进行能量转换完成正电压转成负电压输出。A second soft switch start-up determination circuit unit is connected to the AC power input end and includes an AC detection clamp circuit and a second soft switch. When the AC detection clamp circuit detects the potential of the low-voltage working area, it is turned on. The second soft switch continues to charge the external energy storage capacitor with low-frequency discontinuous pulses; when the first energy storage capacitor is fully charged, the second soft switch is turned off, and the third soft switch is turned on at the same time to charge the first energy storage capacitor. The electric energy is converted to the second energy storage capacitor. At this time, the positive voltage energy stored in the second energy storage capacitor is stored in the external third energy storage capacitor through the pump power supply circuit. At the same time, the third energy storage capacitor that has been stored in the pump power supply is stored. The energy of the energy capacitor is converted into energy through the external fourth energy storage capacitor to complete the conversion of positive voltage into negative voltage output.
进一步地，该半波交流电源输入端所输入的半波交流电流利用一二极体，将全波的交流电流转成半波的交流电流。Further, the half-wave AC current input to the half-wave AC power input terminal uses a diode to convert the full-wave AC current into a half-wave AC current.
进一步地，泵电源具有第四软开关、第五软开关、第六软开关和第七软开关，第一软开关、第二软开关、第三软开关、第四软开关、第五软开关、第六软开关、第七软开关皆为金属氧化物半导体场效电晶体。Further, the pump power supply has a fourth soft switch, a fifth soft switch, a sixth soft switch and a seventh soft switch, the first soft switch, the second soft switch, the third soft switch, the fourth soft switch and the fifth soft switch. , the sixth soft switch, and the seventh soft switch are both metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.
进一步地，该芯片还包括一主动泄放电路单元，该主动泄放电路单元与交流电源输入端相连接，芯片利用主动泄放电路提供电流源泄放通道，以确保输入能量能在充电期间，对外部储能电容进行充电。Further, the chip also includes an active discharge circuit unit, which is connected to the AC power input terminal. The chip uses the active discharge circuit to provide a current source discharge channel to ensure that the input energy can be discharged during charging. Charge the external energy storage capacitor.
进一步地，该第二软开关启动判别电路单元于第二软开关处设有一过热保护电路及一第一欠压过压保护电路。Further, the second soft switch activation determination circuit unit is provided with an overheat protection circuit and a first undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit at the second soft switch.
进一步地，该第二软开关启动判别电路单元于第三软开关处则设有一第二欠压过压保护电路及一过流保护电路。Furthermore, the second soft switch activation determination circuit unit is provided with a second undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit at the third soft switch.
应用本发明所提供的一种可交流宽电压输入直流负电压输出供电稳压芯片，其有益效果是：由于无需使用电感，且无EMI/EMC问题，故具有高安全性、加工容易、节省成本、维修容易、减少体积等优点，且可在超高宽电压工作。The beneficial effects of applying the AC wide voltage input DC negative voltage output power supply stabilizing chip provided by the present invention are: since there is no need to use an inductor and there are no EMI/EMC problems, it is highly safe, easy to process, and cost-saving. , easy maintenance, reduced size, etc., and can work at ultra-high and wide voltages.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为现有技术以阻容式降压作为可控硅电源的电路图；Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the prior art using a resistor-capacitor step-down as a thyristor power supply;
图2为本发明的集成模块外观图；Figure 2 is an appearance view of the integrated module of the present invention;
图3为本发明的芯片连接可控硅电路图；Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a chip-connected thyristor of the present invention;
图4为本发明的芯片内部的电路方块图；Figure 4 is a circuit block diagram inside the chip of the present invention;
图5为本发明软开关动作步骤示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the soft switching action steps of the present invention;
图6为本发明以电压波形显示其低压工作区的示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the low-voltage working area of the present invention using a voltage waveform;
图7为本发明的可控硅四象限示意图。Figure 7 is a four-quadrant schematic diagram of the silicon controlled thyristor of the present invention.
图中所示：100—芯片，1—半波交流电源输入接脚，2—工作电压输出接脚，3—泵电源储能电容接脚，4—直流电压输出接脚，5—直流负电压输出接脚，6—内部供电电路单元，7—第一软开关，8—恒流源，9—启动判别电路，10—第二软开关启动判别电路单元，11—交流检测钳位电路，12—第二软开关，13—第一储能电容，14—第三软开关，15—第二储能电容，16—泵电源，17—第三储能电容，18—第四储能电容，19—主动泄放电路单元，20—过热保护电路，21—第一欠压过压保护电路，22—第二欠压过压保护电路，23—过流保护电路，24—第四软开关，25—第五软开关，26—第六软开关，27—第软开关。Shown in the figure: 100—chip, 1—half-wave AC power input pin, 2—operating voltage output pin, 3—pump power storage capacitor pin, 4—DC voltage output pin, 5—DC negative voltage Output pin, 6—internal power supply circuit unit, 7—first soft switch, 8—constant current source, 9—start judgment circuit, 10—second soft switch startup judgment circuit unit, 11—AC detection clamp circuit, 12 - The second soft switch, 13 - the first energy storage capacitor, 14 - the third soft switch, 15 - the second energy storage capacitor, 16 - pump power supply, 17 - the third energy storage capacitor, 18 - the fourth energy storage capacitor, 19—active discharge circuit unit, 20—overheat protection circuit, 21—first undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit, 22—second undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit, 23—overcurrent protection circuit, 24—fourth soft switch, 25—fifth soft switch, 26—sixth soft switch, 27—th soft switch.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为比较直观、完整地理解本发明的技术方案，现就结合本发明附图进行非限制性的特征说明如下：In order to understand the technical solution of the present invention more intuitively and completely, the non-limiting features of the present invention are described as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings:
如图2—图7所示，一种可交流宽电压输入直流负电压输出供电稳压芯片，至少设有两半波交流电源输入接脚1、一工作电压输出接脚2、两个泵电源储能电容接脚3、一直流电压输出接脚4、一直流负电压输出接脚5，该芯片100包括：As shown in Figures 2 to 7, a voltage stabilizing chip capable of AC wide voltage input and DC negative voltage output has at least two half-wave AC power input pins 1, one working voltage output pin 2, and two pump power supplies. Energy storage capacitor pin 3, DC voltage output pin 4, DC negative voltage output pin 5. The chip 100 includes:
一内部供电电路单元6，与半波交流电源输入端相连接，其包含有一第一软开关7、一恒流源8及一启动判别电路9，当芯片100上电时，电流经该第一软开关7及该恒流源8，对芯片100外部的储能电容进行充电，当达到启动判别电路9上限参考电压时，该第一软开关7即关闭对外部储能电容的充电路径，并提供芯片100内部的工作电压；An internal power supply circuit unit 6 is connected to the half-wave AC power input end and includes a first soft switch 7, a constant current source 8 and a start-up identification circuit 9. When the chip 100 is powered on, the current flows through the first soft switch 7. The soft switch 7 and the constant current source 8 charge the energy storage capacitor outside the chip 100. When the upper limit reference voltage of the startup discrimination circuit 9 is reached, the first soft switch 7 closes the charging path to the external energy storage capacitor, and Provide the internal working voltage of the chip 100;
一第二软开关启动判别电路单元10，与交流电源输入端相连接，其包含有一交流检测钳位电路11及一第二软开关12，当该交流检测钳位电路11检测到低压工作区电位时，即开启该第二软开关12，继续对外部的储能电容以低频非连续性脉冲继续充电；当第一储能电容13充饱电时关闭第二软开关12,同时开启第三软开关14将第一储能电容13电能转换给第二储能电容15,此时再将第二储能电容15储存的正电压能量经由泵电源16回路储存于外部第三储能电容17上,同时再将已储存在泵电源16上的第三储能电容17电能经由外部第四储能电容18进行能量转换完成正电压转成负电压输出。A second soft switch start-up determination circuit unit 10 is connected to the AC power input end and includes an AC detection clamp circuit 11 and a second soft switch 12. When the AC detection clamp circuit 11 detects the low-voltage working area potential When the first energy storage capacitor 13 is fully charged, the second soft switch 12 is turned on and the third soft switch 12 is turned on at the same time. The switch 14 converts the electric energy of the first energy storage capacitor 13 to the second energy storage capacitor 15. At this time, the positive voltage energy stored in the second energy storage capacitor 15 is stored on the external third energy storage capacitor 17 through the pump power supply 16 circuit. At the same time, the electric energy stored in the third energy storage capacitor 17 on the pump power supply 16 is converted into energy through the external fourth energy storage capacitor 18 to complete the conversion of the positive voltage into a negative voltage for output.
该半波交流电源输入端所输入的半波交流电流利用一二极体，将全波的交流电流转成半波的交流电流。The half-wave AC current input to the half-wave AC power input terminal uses a diode to convert the full-wave AC current into a half-wave AC current.
泵电源16具有第四软开关24、第五软开关25、第六软开关26和第七软开关27，第一软开关7、第二软开关12、第三软开关14、第四软开关24、第五软开关25、第六软开关26、第七软开关27皆为金属氧化物半导体场效电晶体。The pump power supply 16 has a fourth soft switch 24, a fifth soft switch 25, a sixth soft switch 26 and a seventh soft switch 27. The first soft switch 7, the second soft switch 12, the third soft switch 14 and the fourth soft switch 24. The fifth soft switch 25, the sixth soft switch 26, and the seventh soft switch 27 are all metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.
该芯片100还包括一主动泄放电路单元19，该主动泄放电路单元19与交流电源输入端相连接，芯片100利用主动泄放电路提供电流源泄放通道，以确保输入能量能在充电期间，对外部储能电容进行充电。The chip 100 also includes an active discharge circuit unit 19. The active discharge circuit unit 19 is connected to the AC power input terminal. The chip 100 uses the active discharge circuit to provide a current source discharge channel to ensure that the input energy can be discharged during charging. , charging the external energy storage capacitor.
该第二软开关启动判别电路单元10于第二软开关12处设有一过热保护电路20及一第一欠压过压保护电路21。The second soft switch activation determination circuit unit 10 is provided with an overheat protection circuit 20 and a first undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit 21 at the second soft switch 12 .
该第二软开关启动判别电路单元10于第三软开关14处则设有一第二欠压过压保护电路22及一过流保护电路23。The second soft switch activation determination circuit unit 10 is provided with a second undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit 22 and an overcurrent protection circuit 23 at the third soft switch 14 .
当然，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，非因此即局限本发明的专利范围，凡运用本发明说明书及图式内容所为之简易修饰及等效结构变化，均应同理包含于本发明的专利保护范围之内。Of course, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, which do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All simple modifications and equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the same Within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
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