CN109342335B - Building facing material chromatic aberration analysis method - Google Patents
Building facing material chromatic aberration analysis method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building facing material chromatic aberration analysis method. The method comprises the steps of taking a picture of a test sample plate and a standard gray sample card by using an imaging device, converting an electronic picture into a gray picture by using image processing software, cutting and splicing the gray picture of the test sample plate to be compared to obtain a spliced gray picture with an obvious middle dividing line, adjusting the brightness of the spliced gray picture to ensure that the color of one side with the deep color of the spliced gray picture is consistent with the color of the standard gray sample card, comparing the spliced gray picture with the brightness of the standard gray sample card, and selecting the most similar color difference grade to be used as the color difference grade of the test sample plate to be evaluated and compared. The invention combines the imaging equipment and the picture processing software, thereby greatly reducing the influence of human eye identification difference on the detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of detection, and particularly relates to a building facing material chromatic aberration analysis method.
Background
The building facing material is used as an important functional building material, is constructed on the surface of a building, and has the functions of decoration and protection for the building. Compared with other building materials, the facing material is positioned on the outermost layer of the building and is influenced most by external environmental factors, so that the integral attractiveness of the building and even the building safety are directly influenced by the durability of the facing material. According to the effect of the building facing material, the current indexes for evaluating the durability of the building facing material mainly comprise two aspects, namely decorative property and physical safety. The decoration is characterized by the color change, the light loss degree, the chalking degree and other characteristics of the decoration material after aging.
The color change of the facing material after aging is generally rated by the color difference rating. The commonly used color difference grade test methods mainly include a color difference meter method and a visual colorimetry. The color difference meter method is to measure the surface color of the facing material by using a color measuring instrument and evaluate the color change grade of the facing material after aging by calculating the total color difference value before and after aging. The method is mainly suitable for evaluating the aging color difference of the facing material with flat surface and single color. The surface roughness and multicolor or mixed color facing material is measured mainly by visual colorimetry. The visual colorimetry is mainly to perform visual colorimetry on the sample plates before and after aging under the condition of a standard light source, and the color change grade is graded according to a gray sample card. Compared with a colorimeter method, the visual colorimeter method is greatly influenced by human factors of testers because different people have different feelings on colors and color shades and different evaluation standards, and particularly for multicolor and mixed-color facing materials, the color, the variegated colors and the standard gray are difficult to evaluate. Therefore, the visual colorimetry often causes different color change grade evaluation results obtained by different detection personnel, and influences the accuracy and the comparability of the color difference evaluation of the facing material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the measurement of the visual colorimetry after the existing facing materials are aged is greatly influenced by human factors, and the accuracy and the comparability of color difference evaluation are poor, and provides a relatively accurate color difference evaluation method which reduces the influence of human factors, is suitable for color difference evaluation of facing materials of various colors, and is particularly suitable for color difference analysis evaluation of facing materials with uneven surfaces, mixed colors and mixed colors.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a building facing material chromatic aberration analysis method comprises the following testing steps:
(1) placing the test sample plate to be compared and the standard gray sample card under a standard light source for photographing to obtain an electronic photo of the sample plate to be compared and the standard gray card;
(2) performing gray level processing on the electronic photo by using image processing software, and converting the electronic photo into a gray level image;
(3) cutting and splicing the gray level pictures of different test templates to be compared by adopting picture processing software to obtain a spliced gray level picture with an obvious middle dividing line;
(4) cutting, amplifying or reducing the spliced gray-scale picture with the obvious middle dividing line to be smaller than the area of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card by adopting picture processing software, and aligning the middle dividing line of the spliced gray-scale picture with the middle dividing line of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card to ensure that the dark and light color directions of the spliced gray-scale picture respectively correspond to the dark and light color directions of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card;
(5) adjusting the brightness of the spliced gray-scale picture by adopting picture processing software to ensure that the color of one side of the spliced gray-scale picture with the deep color of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card is consistent;
(6) and comparing the spliced gray level picture after brightness adjustment with standard gray grids with different color difference levels in a standard gray sample card, and selecting the most similar color difference level as the color difference level for evaluating the test sample to be compared.
The standard light source is a D65 light source, or northern air illumination of northern hemisphere, southern air illumination of southern hemisphere or a light source meeting 2.5 regulation in GB/T250 Grey sample card for evaluating color change in textile color fastness test.
The standard gray card is a standard gray card specified in GB/T250 Grey sample card for evaluating color change in textile color fastness test.
The invention has the advantages and characteristics that: compared with the current common visual colorimetry, the invention combines the imaging equipment and the picture processing software to be applied to the color difference analysis before and after the building facing materials age, thereby greatly reducing the influence of human eye identification difference on the detection result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a test flow chart of a method for analyzing chromatic aberration of a building facing material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pattern of photo placements according to the testing method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of comparison and evaluation according to the testing method of the present invention.
1-electronic photograph; 2-test sample A to be compared; 3-test sample B to be compared; 4-standard gray sample card; 5-standard gray grids in the standard gray sample card; 6-splicing the gray-scale pictures;
Detailed Description
Example 1
A color difference analysis method for a building facing material comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the test templates 2 and 3 to be compared and the standard gray sample card 4 under a standard light source for photographing to obtain electronic photos of the test templates to be compared and the standard gray sample card, and preferably photographing according to the arrangement shown in figure 2;
(2) performing gray level processing on the electronic photo by using image processing software, and converting the electronic photo into a gray level image;
(3) cutting and splicing the gray level pictures of different test sample plates to be compared by adopting picture processing software to obtain a spliced gray level picture 6 with an obvious middle dividing line, wherein the spliced gray level picture is shown in figure 3;
(4) cutting, amplifying or reducing the spliced gray-scale picture with the obvious middle dividing line to be smaller than the area of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card by adopting picture processing software, wherein the middle dividing line of the spliced gray-scale picture is aligned with the middle dividing line of the standard gray grid 5 in the standard gray sample card as shown in figure 3, so that the dark and light color directions of the spliced gray-scale picture correspond to the dark and light color directions of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card respectively;
(5) adjusting the brightness of the spliced gray picture 6 by adopting picture processing software to ensure that the color of one side of the spliced gray picture with the deep color is consistent with the deep color of the standard gray grid 5 in the standard gray sample card;
(6) and comparing the spliced gray level picture after brightness adjustment with standard gray grids with different color difference levels in a standard gray sample card, and selecting the most similar color difference level as the color difference level for evaluating the test sample to be compared.
Example 2
The color difference rating analysis of the red real stone paint after aging was carried out using the method described in example 1.
And (5) grading and analyzing the color difference of the red real stone paint after aging.
Arranging an unaged red real stone paint test panel, an aged test panel and a standard gray sample card meeting GB/T250 Grey sample card for evaluating color change in textile color fastness test into a D65 standard light source box according to the mode shown in figure 2, wherein the unaged test panel is darker in color and is positioned at the upper left, the aged test panel is more noble in color and is positioned at the upper right, and the standard gray sample card is positioned below the test panel. And opening a standard light source, checking and ensuring no light shielding around the test panel and the standard gray sample card, and taking pictures of the arranged test panel and the standard gray sample card by using an electronic camera to obtain an electronic picture. And performing gray level processing on the obtained electronic photo by adopting Adobe photoshop image processing software, and selecting an image-mode-gray level in a menu bar to obtain a gray level picture. And (3) cutting the unaged and aged test boards by using a cutting tool of an image processing software toolbar to splice the test boards, so as to obtain a spliced gray picture with an obvious middle dividing line, as shown in fig. 3 6. The mosaic gray picture is cut to make the area smaller than the standard gray grid area in the standard gray sample card, and the dividing line is positioned in the center of the mosaic picture, as shown in fig. 3. Copying and pasting the cut spliced picture to the gray picture of the standard gray sample card, adjusting the position of the cut spliced gray picture by using an image processing software toolbar to enable the middle dividing line to be aligned with the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card, such as the middle dividing line of 5 shown in figure 3, and enabling the dark and light color directions of the spliced gray picture to correspond to the dark and light color directions of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card by adopting a free transformation tool, such as shown in figure 3. The brightness of 6 shown in figure 3 is adjusted by adopting the image processing software menu bar image mode brightness/contrast, so that the color of the dark side of the spliced gray picture is consistent with the dark color of 5 shown in the standard gray grid figure 3 in the standard gray sample card. Comparing the image 6 shown in the image 3 of the spliced gray level image after the brightness is adjusted with the image 5 shown in the standard gray grid image 3 of different color difference levels in the standard gray sample card, and selecting the most similar color difference level as the color difference level for evaluating the test sample to be compared. The color difference of the red real stone paint after aging is rated as 1-2 grades through analysis.
Example 3
The method described in example 1 was used to evaluate the color difference of the aged red stone-like paint and the color difference of the aged gray stone-like paint.
Arranging an unaged gray real stone paint test panel, an aged test panel and a standard gray sample card meeting GB/T250 Grey sample card for evaluating color change in textile color fastness test on a flat desktop under the condition of north air illumination according to the mode shown in figure 2, wherein the unaged test panel is darker in color and is positioned at the upper left, the aged test panel is lighter in color and is positioned at the upper right, and the standard gray sample card is positioned below the test panel. And checking and ensuring no light shielding around the test board and the standard gray sample card, and taking pictures of the arranged test board and the standard gray sample card by using an electronic camera to obtain an electronic picture. And (3) carrying out gray level processing on the obtained electronic photo by adopting an image tool in the word, clicking the image tool, and selecting the color to the gray level to obtain a gray level image. The grayscale pictures are 'copied' and 'pasted' for 1 time, and 2 same grayscale pictures are obtained. And (3) cutting 2 same gray level pictures into a sample gray level picture to be compared and a standard gray level sample card gray level picture respectively by adopting cutting in a picture tool. And the gray picture of the sample plate to be compared is adjusted to the color of one side of the unprocessed sample plate with the dark color by rotating in the picture tool, and the color of one side of the unprocessed sample plate with the dark color corresponds to one side of the dark color shown in a standard gray grid figure 3 in the standard gray sample card. And adjusting the gray level picture of the sample to be compared to the dark color by adopting the brightness in the picture tool, wherein the color of the unprocessed sample to be compared to the dark color is consistent with the dark color shown in a standard gray grid figure 3 in the standard gray sample card, and the gray level picture of the sample to be compared after the brightness is adjusted is obtained. And copying and pasting the gray level picture of the sample to be compared after the brightness is adjusted for 1 time to obtain 2 same pictures. The 2 same sample plate gray level pictures to be compared after brightness adjustment are cut into unprocessed sample plate gray level pictures after brightness adjustment and aging processed sample plate gray level pictures after brightness adjustment by cutting in a picture tool, and the unprocessed sample plate gray level pictures and the aging processed sample plate gray level pictures are spliced to form spliced gray level pictures with obvious middle segmentation lines, wherein the spliced gray level pictures are shown in figure 3 by 6. Comparing the spliced gray level picture after brightness adjustment, shown as 6 in figure 3, with the standard gray grid with different color difference levels in the standard gray sample card, shown as 5 in figure 3, and selecting the most similar color difference level as the color difference level for evaluating the test sample to be compared. The color difference of the red real stone paint after aging is rated as 2-3 grades through analysis.
Claims (4)
1. A building facing material chromatic aberration analysis method is characterized by comprising the following testing steps:
(1) photographing the test sample plate and the standard gray sample card by adopting imaging equipment;
(2) converting the electronic photograph into a gray picture by using image processing software;
(3) cutting and splicing the gray level pictures of the test boards to be compared to obtain spliced gray level pictures with obvious middle dividing lines;
(4) adjusting the brightness of the spliced gray-scale picture to make the color of the dark side of the spliced gray-scale picture consistent with the standard gray grid dark color in the standard gray sample card;
(5) comparing the spliced gray level picture after the brightness is adjusted with standard gray grids with different color difference levels in a standard gray sample card;
(6) and selecting the most similar color difference grade as the color difference grade for evaluating the test sample plate to be compared.
2. The method for analyzing chromatic aberration of architectural facing materials according to claim 1, comprising the following test steps:
(1) placing the test sample plate to be compared and the standard gray sample card under a standard light source for photographing to obtain an electronic photo of the sample plate to be compared and the standard gray card;
(2) performing gray level processing on the electronic photo by using image processing software, and converting the electronic photo into a gray level image;
(3) cutting and splicing the gray level pictures of different test templates to be compared by adopting picture processing software to obtain a spliced gray level picture with an obvious middle dividing line;
(4) cutting, amplifying or reducing the spliced gray-scale picture with the obvious middle dividing line to be smaller than the area of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card by adopting picture processing software, and aligning the middle dividing line of the spliced gray-scale picture with the middle dividing line of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card to ensure that the dark and light color directions of the spliced gray-scale picture respectively correspond to the dark and light color directions of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card;
(5) adjusting the brightness of the spliced gray-scale picture by adopting picture processing software to ensure that the color of one side of the spliced gray-scale picture with the deep color of the standard gray grid in the standard gray sample card is consistent;
(6) and comparing the spliced gray level picture after brightness adjustment with standard gray grids with different color difference levels in a standard gray sample card, and selecting the most similar color difference level as the color difference level for evaluating the test sample to be compared.
3. The method for analyzing the chromatic aberration of the architectural facing material according to claim 2, wherein the standard light source is a D65 light source, or the northern air illumination of the northern hemisphere, the southern air illumination of the southern hemisphere, or a light source meeting the 2.5 specification in GB/T250 Grey sample card for evaluating the color change in the textile color fastness test.
4. The method for analyzing the chromatic aberration of the architectural facing material according to claim 2, wherein the standard gray card is a standard gray card specified in GB/T250 gray sample card for evaluating color change in textile color fastness test.
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