CN109332007B - A kind of plasma separation device and plasma separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plasma separation device and a plasma separation method. The device specifically includes a fixed seat, a first straight cylinder, a second straight cylinder, an observation piston, a first piston, a telescopic rod, a first U-shaped rod, a second U-shaped rod, and a nut Sleeve and screw; the second straight cylinder is placed in the fixed seat; the observation piston is longitudinally slidable in the second straight cylinder, and the observation piston is connected with a second piston rod made of transparent material; the second piston rod and the axis of the observation piston A capillary channel is arranged therethrough; the end of the first straight cylinder is provided with a connecting head, and the first straight cylinder is connected with the end of the second piston rod outside the second straight cylinder via the connecting head; the telescopic rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the fixed seat, The first U-shaped rod is horizontally connected to the end of the telescopic rod and clamped in the horizontal U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod; The U-shaped rod is drivingly connected with the second straight cylinder; the invention makes the plasma separation process precise and controllable.

Description

A kind of plasma separation device and plasma separation method

technical field

The present invention relates to a plasma separation device and a plasma separation method.

Background technique

The existing plasma separation test usually uses a centrifugal device to separate the anticoagulant centrifugal precipitate, and then manually operates a Pasteur pipette to absorb the stratified blood in layers. This separation process has high requirements for operators. The operator's eyes and hands are highly coordinated to separate successfully, otherwise the middle layer and even red blood cells will be easily mixed into the plasma.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and provides a plasma separation device and a plasma separation method, which are specifically realized by the following technical solutions:

A plasma separation device, comprising a fixed seat, a first straight cylinder, a second straight cylinder, an observation piston, a first piston, a telescopic rod, a first U-shaped rod, a second U-shaped rod, a nut cover and a screw rod; the second straight cylinder is placed in the fixing seat, and the end of the second straight cylinder is provided with a blood sampling head; the observation piston is longitudinally slidable and arranged in the second straight cylinder, and the observation piston is connected with a second piston rod made of a transparent material, One end of the second piston rod penetrates the second straight cylinder; the second piston rod and the axis of the observation piston are provided with a capillary channel; the end of the first straight cylinder is provided with a connecting head, and the first straight cylinder is connected to the first straight cylinder via the connecting head. The ends of the second piston rod located outside the second straight cylinder are butted, so that the capillary channel communicates with the inside of the first straight cylinder; the first piston is longitudinally slidably arranged in the first straight cylinder, and the first piston A first piston rod passing through the first straight cylinder is connected; the telescopic rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the fixed seat, the first U-shaped rod is horizontally connected to the end of the telescopic rod, and the The first piston rod is clamped in the horizontal U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod; the screw rod is rotatably longitudinally arranged on the other side of the fixed seat, and the nut sleeve is threadedly connected to the screw rod, The second U-shaped rod is horizontally connected to the nut sleeve, the outer wall of the first straight cylinder is provided with a first annular groove, and the second U-shaped rod is clamped in the first annular groove; the first The inner diameters of the straight cylinder and the second straight cylinder are equal, and the second straight cylinder contains the whole blood that has been centrifuged and stratified to form the plasma layer, the middle layer and the red blood cell layer. When the screw is rotated, the nut sleeve drives the first straight cylinder and the blood. While observing the piston descending and pressing down on the plasma layer, a corresponding negative pressure is formed inside the first straight cylinder, and the plasma ascends into the first straight cylinder until the middle layer enters the observation piston and the capillary channel in the second piston rod, so that the second piston rod axis The color of the heart changes, and the screw is stopped, and all the plasma enters the first straight cylinder, and the middle layer and a small amount of red blood cells are located in the capillary channel.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that a sliding rail is horizontally provided on one side of the fixed seat, a sliding frame is slidably arranged on the sliding rail, and the screw rod is rotatably longitudinally arranged on the sliding frame When the sliding frame moves toward the fixed seat, the second U-shaped rod clamps the first annular groove of the outer wall of the first straight cylinder, and when the sliding frame moves away from the fixed seat, the U-shaped groove of the second U-shaped rod is separated from the first annular groove.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that a drive motor and a deceleration transmission mechanism are provided on the sliding frame, and the drive motor is connected to the screw through a deceleration transmission mechanism.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that a guide sleeve is connected to one side of the nut sleeve, and a guide rod is longitudinally provided on one side of the screw rod of the sliding frame, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod. superior.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that the deceleration transmission mechanism is a set of transmission gears.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that the outer wall of the second piston rod is connected with a second annular groove, and a light-emitting tube and a photosensitive element are symmetrically arranged in the second annular groove, and the photosensitive element is connected to the second annular groove. The capillary channels in the piston rod are opposite; the photosensitive element is signal-connected with a controller, and the controller is signal-connected with the control part of the driving motor; when the driving motor is started, the luminous tube is turned on, and the photosensitive element detects the self-capillary channel The light transmitted in the direction, when the light signal changes suddenly, the controller sends an instruction to drive the drive motor to stop working.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that the light-emitting tube and the photosensitive element are respectively arranged in a sector-shaped casing, the inner diameter of the two sector-shaped casings is equal to the outer diameter of the second piston rod, and the two sector-shaped casings have the same inner diameter as the second piston rod. There is an interference fit between the fan-shaped casing and the second annular groove; a light-transmitting hole opposite to the capillary channel is provided on the side of the photosensitive element facing the second piston rod.

The plasma separation device is further designed in that the outer wall of the second straight cylinder is sleeved with a straight cylinder type locking sleeve, and the upper inner wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a circular groove for holding the lower wall of the second annular groove, which The lower inner wall is provided with a rubber layer pressed against the outer wall of the second straight cylinder with high static friction, and the locking sleeve is composed of two semi-straight cylinders butted together.

The blood plasma separation device is further designed in that the connecting head of the first straight cylinder is connected with the end of the second piston rod through threads.

A plasma separation method, the method adopts a plasma separation device, the plasma separation device comprises a fixed seat, a first straight cylinder, a second straight cylinder, an observation piston, a first piston, a telescopic rod, a first U-shaped rod, a first Two U-shaped rods, a nut sleeve and a screw rod; the second straight cylinder is placed in the fixing seat, and the end of the second straight cylinder is provided with a blood sampling head; the observation piston is longitudinally slidable in the second straight cylinder, The observation piston is connected with a second piston rod made of transparent material, and one end of the second piston rod penetrates the second straight cylinder; the second piston rod and the axis of the observation piston are provided with a capillary channel; the end of the first straight cylinder is provided with a capillary channel. The first straight cylinder is provided with a connecting head, and the first straight cylinder is connected to the end of the second piston rod outside the second straight cylinder through the connecting head, so that the capillary channel is communicated with the inside of the first straight cylinder; the first piston can be longitudinally slidably arranged in the first straight cylinder, the first piston is connected with a first piston rod passing through the first straight cylinder; the telescopic rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the fixed seat, the first U-shaped The rod is horizontally connected to the end of the telescopic rod, the first piston rod is clamped in the horizontal U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod; the screw rod is rotatably longitudinally arranged on the other side of the fixed seat. On one side, the nut sleeve is threadedly connected to the screw rod, the second U-shaped rod is horizontally connected to the nut sleeve, the outer wall of the first straight cylinder is provided with a first annular groove, and the second U-shaped rod is provided with a first annular groove. It is clamped in the first annular groove; the inner diameters of the first straight cylinder and the second straight cylinder are equal;

Specifically, it includes the following steps: 1. Tick the second piston rod and the observation piston to take anticoagulation with the second straight cylinder; 2. Put the first straight cylinder, the first piston, the observation piston and the second straight cylinder into the centrifugal device as a whole and rotate. The whole blood is centrifuged into layers to form plasma layer, intermediate layer and red blood cell layer; 3. Put the second straight cylinder into the fixed seat, and make the first piston rod enter the U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod, adjust the height of the telescopic rod, The first piston rod is clamped with the first U-shaped rod so that it cannot go down, and the screw is rotated so that the second U-shaped rod is at the same height as the first annular groove and the second U-shaped rod is clamped in the first annular groove. 4. Rotate the screw, the nut cover drives the first straight cylinder and observes that while the piston goes down and presses the plasma layer, a corresponding negative pressure is formed inside the first straight cylinder, and the plasma goes up into the first straight cylinder until the middle layer. Enter the observation piston and the capillary channel in the second piston rod, so that the color of the axis of the second piston rod changes, and stop rotating the screw; 5. Adjust the height of the telescopic rod so that the first piston rod and the first U-shaped rod are U-shaped. The groove is disengaged, and then the first straight cylinder is removed from the end of the second piston rod. The first straight cylinder is the plasma, the middle layer and even a small amount of red blood cells are located in the capillary channel, and the rest of the red blood cells are located in the second straight cylinder.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

By arranging a transparent second piston rod between the first straight cylinder and the second straight cylinder and adjusting the first straight cylinder and the observation piston by a lead screw mechanism formed by a screw rod and a nut sleeve, the first straight cylinder and the observation piston are adjusted, so that the plasma separation process in the first straight cylinder The negative pressure is precise and controllable, and the separation critical point is more obvious by observing the color of the liquid column in the capillary channel in the second piston rod instead of the liquid level between the plasma layer and the middle layer, so that the plasma in the first straight cylinder does not exist. Mixed with the middle layer and even red blood cells; while the pressure in the second straight cylinder increases during the downward movement of the first straight cylinder and the observation piston, a corresponding negative pressure is formed in the first straight cylinder, so that the liquid level remains stable and the stratified state will not be affected. Destruction; the color of the liquid column in the capillary channel can be monitored by using the luminous tube and the photosensitive element instead of the human eye, which further improves the operation accuracy.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second U-shaped rod, a nut sleeve and a guide sleeve.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between a light-emitting tube and a photosensitive element.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the locking sleeve.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the locking sleeve.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the side structure of the locking block outside the edge of the locking sleeve.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped card connected to a locking block.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure at A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the state when anticoagulation is accommodated in the second straight cylinder.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the state of the embodiment after the plasma enters the first straight cylinder.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the state of the embodiment after the first straight cylinder and the second piston rod are separated.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the description:

The plasma separation device shown in FIG. 1 includes a fixed seat 10 , a first straight cylinder 1 , a second straight cylinder 2 , an observation piston 3 , a first piston 4 , a telescopic rod 5 , a first U-shaped rod 6 , and a second U-shaped rod 7 , nut sleeve 8 and screw 9; the second straight cylinder 2 is placed in the fixing seat 10, and the end of the second straight cylinder is provided with a blood-taking head; the observation piston can be longitudinally slidable and arranged in the second straight cylinder 2, and the observation piston 3 is connected There is a second piston rod 31 made of transparent material, and one end of the second piston rod 31 penetrates the second straight cylinder 2; the second piston rod 31 and the axis of the observation piston are provided with a capillary channel 32; the end of the first straight cylinder is provided with a capillary channel 32. There is a connecting head and the first straight cylinder is butted with the end of the second piston rod located outside the second straight cylinder via the connecting head, so that the capillary channel 32 is communicated with the inside of the first straight cylinder; the first piston 4 is longitudinally slidably arranged on the first straight cylinder. In the straight cylinder 1, the first piston 4 is connected with a first piston rod 41 passing through the first straight cylinder; the telescopic rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the fixed seat, the first U-shaped rod 6 is horizontally connected to the end of the telescopic rod, the first The piston rod is clamped in the horizontal U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod 6; the screw rod 9 is rotatably arranged longitudinally on the other side of the fixed seat, the nut sleeve 8 is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the second U-shaped rod 7 is horizontally connected to the screw rod. Nut sleeve, the outer wall of the first straight cylinder 1 is provided with a first annular groove 11, and the second U-shaped rod is clamped in the first annular groove 11; the inner diameters of the first straight cylinder 1 and the second straight cylinder 2 are equal, and the content of the second straight cylinder has a Centrifugal stratification to form whole blood of plasma layer, middle layer and red blood cell layer. When the screw is rotated, the nut cover drives the first straight cylinder and observes that the piston goes down and presses down the plasma layer. At the same time, a corresponding negative pressure is formed inside the first straight cylinder, and the plasma enters upwards. In the first straight cylinder, until the middle layer enters the observation piston and the capillary channel in the second piston rod, the color of the axis of the second piston rod changes, stop rotating the screw, then all the plasma enters the first straight cylinder, the middle layer and a small amount of red blood cells in the capillary channel.

A sliding rail 101 is horizontally arranged on one side of the fixed seat 10, a sliding frame 102 is slidably arranged on the sliding rail 101, and the screw rod is rotatably arranged longitudinally on the sliding frame; when the sliding frame moves toward the fixing seat, the second U-shaped rod 7. The first annular groove of the outer wall of the first straight cylinder is clamped. When the sliding frame moves away from the fixed seat, the U-shaped groove of the second U-shaped rod 7 is separated from the first annular groove 11.

The screw can be manually rotated by the handle. There is no high-frequency vibration in this operation method. On the basis that the worktable and the second U-shaped rod are made of shock-absorbing material to eliminate most of the vibration, the screw can also be driven by a motor. Specifically, The sliding frame 102 is provided with a drive motor 103 and a deceleration transmission mechanism 104, and the drive motor is connected with the screw through the deceleration transmission mechanism. The reduction transmission mechanism is a set of transmission gears.

2, a guide sleeve 81 is connected to one side of the nut sleeve 8, and a guide rod 82 is longitudinally provided on one side of the screw rod of the sliding frame, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod.

3, the outer wall of the second piston rod 31 is connected with a second annular groove 33, and the second annular groove is symmetrically provided with a light-emitting tube 34 and a photosensitive element 35, and the photosensitive element is opposite to the capillary channel in the second piston rod; The photosensitive element is signal-connected to a controller, which is signal-connected to the control part of the driving motor; when the driving motor starts, the light-emitting tube is turned on, and the photosensitive element detects the light transmitted from the direction of the capillary channel. The middle layer and the red blood cell layer are better. When the middle layer and the red blood cell layer enter the capillary and the light signal suddenly changes, the controller sends an instruction to drive the drive motor to stop working.

The luminous tube 34 and the photosensitive element 35 are respectively arranged in a sector-shaped casing, the inner diameter of the two sector-shaped casings is equal to the outer diameter of the second piston rod, and there is interference between the two sector-shaped casings and the second annular groove. Matching; a light-transmitting hole opposite to the capillary channel is opened on the side of the photosensitive element facing the second piston rod.

4-7, the outer wall of the second straight cylinder 2 is provided with a straight cylinder-type locking sleeve 21, and the upper inner wall of the locking sleeve 21 is provided with a circular groove 211 for clamping the lower wall of the second annular groove, and its lower inner wall is provided with a circular groove 211. A rubber layer 212 that is pressed against the outer wall of the second straight cylinder and has high static friction is provided, and the locking sleeve is composed of two semi-straight cylinders butted together. Locking blocks 213 are provided on the outer sides of the edges of the two semi-straight cylinders. After the locking blocks are fixed by the U-shaped card 214, the two semi-straight cylinders are connected to form a locking sleeve. The locking sleeve is used to keep the second piston rod, the second piston and even the cylinder body of the first straight cylinder and the second straight cylinder relatively fixed when the second straight cylinder takes anticoagulant and enters the centrifugal device for separation. an annular groove, and the rubber layer 212 presses the outer wall of the second straight cylinder to form static friction; and after the plasma enters the first straight cylinder, the locking sleeve can be fixed on the second straight cylinder again, so that the second piston rod is fixed relative to the second straight cylinder , so as to facilitate the removal of the first straight cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the connecting head of the first straight cylinder is connected with the end of the second piston rod through threads.

A plasma separation method specifically comprises the following steps: 1. As shown in Figure 9, the second piston rod is twitched and the observation piston is used to obtain anticoagulation using the second straight cylinder; 2. The first straight cylinder, the first piston, the observation piston and the The second straight cylinder is put into the centrifuge as a whole and rotated, so that the whole blood is centrifuged and layered to form the plasma layer, the middle layer and the red blood cell layer; 3. As shown in Figure 1, put the second straight cylinder into the fixed seat, and make the first piston rod enter In the U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod, the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted so that the first piston rod is clamped with the first U-shaped rod and cannot go down, and the screw is rotated so that the second U-shaped rod is the same height as the first annular groove and Hold the second U-shaped rod in the first annular groove; 4. As shown in Figure 10, rotate the screw, the nut cover drives the first straight cylinder and observes that the piston goes down and presses down the plasma layer while the corresponding formation is formed inside the first straight cylinder. Negative pressure, the plasma goes up into the first straight cylinder, until the middle layer enters the observation piston and the capillary channel in the second piston rod, so that the color of the axis of the second piston rod changes, and the screw stops rotating; 5. As shown in Figure 11 , adjust the height of the telescopic rod, so that the first piston rod is disengaged from the U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod, and then the first straight cylinder is removed from the end of the second piston rod. The first straight cylinder is plasma, and the middle layer Even a small number of red blood cells are located in the capillary channel, and the rest of the red blood cells are located in the second straight cylinder.

Claims (10)

1. A plasma separation device is characterized by comprising a fixed seat, a first straight cylinder, a second straight cylinder, an observation piston, a first piston, a telescopic rod, a first U-shaped rod, a second U-shaped rod, a nut sleeve and a screw rod; the second straight cylinder is arranged in the fixed seat, and the end part of the second straight cylinder is provided with a blood taking head; the observation piston is longitudinally slidably arranged in the second straight cylinder, the observation piston is connected with a second piston rod made of transparent materials, and one end of the second piston rod penetrates out of the second straight cylinder; the axes of the second piston rod and the observation piston are provided with capillary channels in a through way; a connector is arranged at the end part of the first straight cylinder, and the first straight cylinder is butted with the end part of the second piston rod, which is positioned outside the second straight cylinder, through the connector, so that the capillary channel is communicated with the inside of the first straight cylinder; the first piston is longitudinally slidably arranged in the first straight cylinder and is connected with a first piston rod penetrating out of the first straight cylinder; the telescopic rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the fixed seat, the first U-shaped rod is horizontally connected to the end part of the telescopic rod, and the first piston rod is clamped in a horizontal U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod; the screw rod is rotatably and longitudinally arranged on the other side of the fixed seat, the nut sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the second U-shaped rod is horizontally connected with the nut sleeve, a first annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the first straight cylinder, and the second U-shaped rod is clamped in the first annular groove; the internal diameter of the first straight cylinder and the second straight cylinder is equal, whole blood which forms a plasma layer, an intermediate layer and a red blood cell layer through centrifugal layering is contained in the second straight cylinder, when the screw rod is rotated, the nut sleeve drives the first straight cylinder and the observation piston to downwards press the plasma layer, corresponding negative pressure is formed inside the first straight cylinder, plasma upwards enters the first straight cylinder until the intermediate layer enters the capillary channel in the observation piston and the second piston rod, the color of the axis of the second piston rod is changed, the screw rod stops rotating, then the plasma completely enters the first straight cylinder, and the intermediate layer and a small amount of red blood cells are located in the capillary channel.

2. The plasma separator according to claim 1, wherein a slide rail is horizontally arranged on one side of the fixed base, a sliding frame is slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the screw rod is rotatably and longitudinally arranged on the sliding frame; when the sliding frame moves towards the fixed seat, the second U-shaped rod clamps the first annular groove on the outer wall of the first straight cylinder, and when the sliding frame moves away from the fixed seat, the U-shaped groove of the second U-shaped rod is separated from the first annular groove.

3. The plasma separator according to claim 2, wherein the carriage is provided with a drive motor and a reduction gear, the drive motor being drivingly connected to the screw via the reduction gear.

4. The plasma separating device according to claim 3, wherein a guide sleeve is connected to one side of the nut sleeve, and a guide rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the screw rod of the sliding frame, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod.

5. The plasma separation device of claim 3, wherein the speed reduction transmission mechanism is a set of transmission gears.

6. The plasma separating device according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall of the second piston rod is connected with a second annular groove, a light emitting tube and a photosensitive element are symmetrically arranged in the second annular groove, and the photosensitive element is opposite to the capillary channel in the second piston rod; the photosensitive element is in signal connection with a controller, and the controller is in signal connection with a control part of the driving motor; when the driving motor is started, the light emitting tube is started, the photosensitive element detects light transmitted from the capillary channel, and when the light signal changes suddenly, the controller sends an instruction to drive the driving motor to stop working.

7. The plasma separating device according to claim 6, wherein the light emitting tube and the photosensitive element are respectively disposed in a fan-shaped housing, the inner diameter of the two fan-shaped housings is equal to the outer diameter of the second piston rod, and the two fan-shaped housings are in interference fit with the second annular groove; one side of the photosensitive element facing the second piston rod is provided with a light hole opposite to the capillary channel.

8. The plasma separating device according to claim 6, wherein the outer wall of the second straight cylinder is sleeved with a straight cylinder type locking sleeve, the upper inner wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a circular groove for clamping the lower wall of the second annular groove, the lower inner wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a rubber layer with higher static friction force and pressed on the outer wall of the second straight cylinder, and the locking sleeve is formed by butting two half straight cylinders.

9. The plasma separation device of claim 1, wherein the connector of the first straight cylinder is connected with the end of the second piston rod by a thread.

10. A plasma separation method is characterized in that a plasma separation device is adopted, and the plasma separation device comprises a fixed seat, a first straight cylinder, a second straight cylinder, an observation piston, a first piston, a telescopic rod, a first U-shaped rod, a second U-shaped rod, a nut sleeve and a screw rod; the second straight cylinder is arranged in the fixed seat, and the end part of the second straight cylinder is provided with a blood taking head; the observation piston is longitudinally slidably arranged in the second straight cylinder, the observation piston is connected with a second piston rod made of transparent materials, and one end of the second piston rod penetrates out of the second straight cylinder; the axes of the second piston rod and the observation piston are provided with capillary channels in a through way; a connector is arranged at the end part of the first straight cylinder, and the first straight cylinder is butted with the end part of the second piston rod, which is positioned outside the second straight cylinder, through the connector, so that the capillary channel is communicated with the inside of the first straight cylinder; the first piston is longitudinally slidably arranged in the first straight cylinder and is connected with a first piston rod penetrating out of the first straight cylinder; the telescopic rod is longitudinally arranged on one side of the fixed seat, the first U-shaped rod is horizontally connected to the end part of the telescopic rod, and the first piston rod is clamped in a horizontal U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod; the screw rod is rotatably and longitudinally arranged on the other side of the fixed seat, the nut sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the second U-shaped rod is horizontally connected with the nut sleeve, a first annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the first straight cylinder, and the second U-shaped rod is clamped in the first annular groove; the inner diameters of the first straight cylinder and the second straight cylinder are equal;

the method specifically comprises the following steps: 1. drawing the second piston rod and the observation piston to obtain anticoagulation by using a second straight cylinder; 2. placing the first straight cylinder, the first piston, the observation piston and the second straight cylinder into a centrifugal device to rotate, and centrifuging and layering whole blood to form a plasma layer, a middle layer and a red blood cell layer; 3. placing the second straight cylinder into the fixed seat, enabling the first piston rod to enter the U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod, adjusting the height of the telescopic rod, enabling the first piston rod to be clamped on the first U-shaped rod so as not to descend, rotating the screw rod to enable the second U-shaped rod to be as high as the first annular groove and clamping the second U-shaped rod in the first annular groove; 4. when the screw rod is rotated, the nut sleeve drives the first straight cylinder and the observation piston to downwards press a plasma layer, corresponding negative pressure is formed in the first straight cylinder, plasma upwards enters the first straight cylinder until the middle layer enters the observation piston and a capillary channel in the second piston rod, so that the color of the axis of the second piston rod is changed, and the screw rod is stopped rotating; 5. the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted, so that the first piston rod is separated from the U-shaped groove of the first U-shaped rod, then the first straight cylinder is taken down from the end part of the second piston rod, the plasma is formed in the first straight cylinder, the middle layer and even a small amount of red blood cells are located in the capillary channel, and the rest red blood cells are located in the second straight cylinder.

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