CN109327229B - Broadband satellite-borne receiver anti-interference system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-interference system of a broadband satellite-borne receiver, and aims to provide an anti-interference system which has universality, high stability and high reliability and can inhibit various interference capabilities in a satellite-borne receiver working platform. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the broadband satellite-borne receiver adopts a three-time frequency conversion scheme, and an input end suppresses an interference signal before frequency mixing through a radio frequency sorting circuit; a mixer adopts the technology of local oscillation frequency up-down refractive index folding mixing, and selects an intermediate frequency through an intermediate frequency sorting circuit between first mixing and second mixing; one intermediate frequency and the local oscillator signal of the second-stage mixer are mixed to form a fixed two intermediate frequencies, the power is divided into two paths to be output, one path forms a high and medium frequency bandwidth radar listening channel, the other path and the local oscillator of the third mixer are mixed to form a low intermediate frequency, and the low intermediate frequency is used as a communication channel to be output through the intermediate frequency power division filtering component. The invention enhances interference suppression through radio frequency sorting measures, improves the anti-interference capability and reduces the design difficulty of local oscillation and intermediate frequency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-sensitivity radio frequency receiver and a broadband receiver interference suppression system which can be directly applied to each platform.
Background
With the development of satellite-borne receiver technology and the increase of user requirements: the working frequency is wide, the sensitivity is high, the dynamic range is large, and the self interference of the receiver determines the difficulty of the realization; meanwhile, equipment in the satellite working platform is more and more complex, and the system function is more and more powerful, and the interference in the satellite working platform restricts the realization of the function of the receiver. The electromagnetic interference of the broadband satellite-borne receiver is divided into fixed frequency interference and power interference (short for fixed interference) among devices in a satellite working platform, interference of strong signals in a working frequency range on weak signals, combined frequency interference (short for in-band interference), interference among an internal analog circuit, a digital circuit, a high-frequency circuit and a low-frequency circuit of the receiver (short for internal interference), and the performance of the receiver is influenced to a certain extent by any interference. Fixed interference in the satellite working platform can be suppressed by optimizing a receiving antenna and strengthening the front-end filtering of a receiver; the in-band interference is suppressed by broadband sub-octave segmented filtering and improving the linearity of the circuit; the interference between internal circuits can be isolated by optimizing the circuits, enhancing filtering, functional partitioning and shielding cavities. Because of the limitation of the current hardware digital circuit working speed and other factors, for the radar signals with very high frequency, the direct A/D conversion and signal processing at the radio frequency still has considerable engineering realization difficulty. Wideband digital receivers and signal processing techniques also have several disadvantages compared to analog receivers. Currently, super heterodyne and channelized receiver implementations are commonly used for high-sensitivity broadband reception, but due to the size and weight limitations of on-board products and high hardware cost factors, the use of super heterodyne is common. Because the traditional superheterodyne receiver is subjected to high, medium and low frequency mixing for multiple times, the gain is dispersed on different frequency bands in the frequency conversion process to realize, and the high-gain and high-stability detection and reception of weak signals are favorably realized; after frequency conversion, the broadband radio frequency signal can be changed into a fixed, low-intermediate frequency and high-rectangular coefficient output signal, so that the rear-end signal processing difficulty is reduced; meanwhile, the requirements of large dynamic and high sensitivity of the receiver can be met by flexibly distributing the level of each level of the mixing circuit. However, the self-compatible design of the superheterodyne receiver needs to overcome the medium and image frequency interference, the combined frequency interference of radio frequency and local oscillator, the mutual crosstalk between high and low frequencies, the secondary power interference, and the like in the frequency conversion process.
Generally, a superheterodyne broadband receiver adopts a broadband high first local oscillator to output a high first intermediate frequency, so that in-band combined interference generated in a frequency mixing process is reduced, but when the frequency reaches a Ka frequency band, the difficulty in realizing the process of a high-frequency broadband circuit is increased, and the stability of the circuit is poor. Meanwhile, cores and key components such as a wide-band low noise amplifier, a wide-band mixer, a wide-band frequency multiplier, a microwave phase discriminator chip and the like are key factors for determining the performance, development progress and cost of the aircraft, but the availability is poor, and the realization risk exists. Therefore, aiming at the particularity of the satellite-borne product, the optimization design of each index needs to be carried out through a reasonable implementation scheme from the viewpoint of overall performance under the limitation of imported high-quality-grade, broadband and high-performance components, the level of domestic aerospace-grade components and the high reliability requirement of satellite-borne equipment.
At present broadband satellite-borne receiver operating frequency range mainly is to communication, the dense VHF frequency channel of radar signal to X frequency channel to install in the narrow and small, equipment intensive, the abominable under-deck of electromagnetic environment in the space, interference in the work platform has: for earth data transmission signals, inter-satellite measurement and control signals, relay data transmission signals, satellite-earth response, signal distribution and relay measurement and control signals, strong interference signals can block a receiver to cause the function failure of the receiver, and weak signal interference causes the receiver to generate false response to cause system misjudgment; in broadband and large dynamic detection and reception, harmonic components of strong signals falling at a low-frequency end in a frequency range can cause a receiver to generate false response, so that system misjudgment is caused; the inherent intermediate frequency interference and image frequency interference of the superheterodyne receiver, and the combined interference of the radio frequency signal and its harmonic component and the local oscillator frequency and its harmonic component can all cause the receiver to generate false response, which results in system misjudgment. Generally, a receiver is customized according to the particularity of system application, according to different application working platforms, aiming at different targets, the receiver has working frequency difference, receiving sensitivity level difference, signal system difference, instantaneous bandwidth difference, dynamic range difference, gain size difference, medium frequency difference and interference signal difference, the customization is strong, and meanwhile, the receiver is influenced by factors such as cognition, habit, style and the like of designers, the receiver has great difference in the difficulty of realizing a specific circuit and the performance presented by a final product, but the anti-interference design, the frequency flow design method and the concept of the receiver are consistent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband satellite-borne receiver anti-interference system which can inhibit various interference capacities such as internal interference of a satellite-borne receiver working platform, broadband radio frequency interference, combined interference generated by frequency mixing and the like, has universality, high stability and high reliability and can realize a high-sensitivity receiving function aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art and the limitation of high-quality grade devices meeting satellite-borne requirements, and aims to solve the problem of weak anti-interference capacity of a broadband receiver in a satellite-borne complex electromagnetic environment.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following measures: an anti-interference system of a broadband satellite-borne receiver comprises: radio frequency sorting circuit, intermediate frequency sorting circuit, low intermediate frequency circuit and local oscillator circuit, its characterized in that: the radio frequency sorting circuit is connected with the intermediate frequency sorting circuit in series through a first-stage mixer, the intermediate frequency sorting circuit is connected with a second low intermediate frequency circuit in series through a second-stage mixer, the second low intermediate frequency circuit is connected with an intermediate frequency amplifying and filtering component in series through a third-stage mixer, and the local oscillation circuit provides local oscillation sources for the three mixers respectively; a radio frequency sorting circuit in front of the first-stage mixer divides the broadband radio frequency signal into three sub-frequency bands to respectively filter interference signals, and the interference signals before mixing are suppressed below a sensitivity level; a mixer obtains double-medium frequency by adopting an upper and lower refractive index folding mixing technology according to the broadband local oscillation frequency provided by the local oscillation circuit; and then the signals are output to a second-stage mixer through an intermediate frequency sorting circuit, are mixed with local oscillation signals entering the second mixer to output fixed second intermediate frequency, and are divided into two paths, one path forms a high and medium frequency band radar interception channel, the other path is mixed with local oscillation signals entering a third-stage mixer to output three intermediate frequency, and two paths of output communication signal interception channels are formed after the signals are amplified and filtered by an intermediate frequency power division filtering component.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
Has universality. The local oscillator broadband frequency hopping source adopts a method of combining a single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer and a frequency multiplier, simplifies the circuit design and improves the circuit stability. The broadband radio frequency is changed to a fixed intermediate frequency by adopting a design method combining a broadband large-step frequency hopping local oscillator and a narrowband small-step frequency hopping local oscillator. The broadband first local oscillator circuit improves the output frequency of the single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer through the frequency multiplier, enlarges the frequency range and enables the single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer of the first local oscillator and the second local oscillator to be universal; the frequency folding and mixing technology is adopted to output double intermediate frequencies, and the intermediate frequency does not exceed the range of the radio frequency, so that the intermediate frequency sorting circuit and devices in the radio frequency sorting circuit are universal; through reasonable frequency flow design, the requirements of broadband, high-frequency and high-performance components are reduced. The device is converted from the specificity to the universality through the measures, the universality of the circuit and the device is achieved, the types of the device are reduced, the number of the devices of the same type is increased, the purchasing process is greatly simplified, the purchasing time is greatly shortened, the problems of uncontrolled quality, purchasing ordering amount and forbidden operation risk of imported devices are avoided, the types and the number of backup are reduced, the purchasing and developing cost is reduced, and the time benefit and the economic benefit of the development and production of the receiver are increased. Meanwhile, aiming at different application working platforms, different frequencies and different technical index requirements, a new receiver can be formed by properly adjusting the frequency flow, the radio frequency sorting, the intermediate frequency sorting and the broadband-local vibration source design, and the realization of product development is improved.
And (3) resisting disturbance.
The anti-interference capability is improved. Before mixing, a radio frequency sorting circuit is adopted, a broadband signal is divided into three sub-frequency bands, a two-stage filter connection mode is adopted, interference signals (an earth digital transmission signal, an inter-satellite measurement and control signal, a relay digital transmission signal, an earth-satellite response signal, a signal distribution signal and a relay measurement and control signal) and intermediate frequency in a working platform are effectively inhibited, and the interference signals before mixing are inhibited below a sensitivity level; the frequency range of each sub-frequency band is controlled within a sub-octave, so that the defect that a receiver false response is caused because harmonic components generated by a large signal at the in-band low-frequency end pass through a low-noise amplifier and then fall into a pass-band is avoided; by adopting a three-time frequency mixing mode of increasing one local oscillator, one image frequency is far away from a radio frequency and an intermediate frequency, and the amplitude-frequency characteristics of each device in the radio frequency sorting circuit can realize a higher image frequency suppression degree, so that the anti-interference capability of the receiver is improved; meanwhile, a high local oscillation mode is adopted in the first frequency mixing, so that the harmonic frequency of the local oscillation is far away from an intermediate frequency, and the low-order combined interference generated by the local oscillation, the fundamental wave and the harmonic wave of the radio frequency through a frequency mixer is prevented from falling into an intermediate frequency band; by the local oscillator frequency folding and mixing technology, an intermediate frequency mixed by the low-radio-frequency end and a local oscillator signal through a mixer falls in a high-radio-frequency band, and an intermediate frequency mixed by the high-radio-frequency end and a local oscillator signal through a mixer falls in a low-radio-frequency band, so that intermediate-frequency interference suppression is improved, and the implementation difficulty of the filter is reduced.
The sensitivity is enhanced. The invention adopts a three-time frequency mixing scheme, a high local oscillator frequency, a high intermediate frequency, a sub-frequency band division, a filter cascade use and a level reasonable distribution to restrain interference signals in a working platform and combined interference generated in the frequency mixing process below a sensitivity level; through the partition design and the independent shielding cavity isolation design of a functional circuit in the receiver, the mutual interference between the digital-analog circuit and the high-low frequency circuit is suppressed to be below the sensitivity level. The actual test result of the invention is as follows: the linear dynamic reaches more than 70dB, and the sensitivity reaches the design requirement of-125 dBm.
Reliable performance and stable output. The invention divides the broadband radio frequency signal into a high frequency band and a low frequency band at a first frequency mixing part, mixes the high frequency band and the low frequency band with a local oscillation frequency through a frequency mixer to obtain two intermediate frequency bands, wherein the intermediate frequency band is not higher than the radio frequency band, and the frequency mixer adopts a frequency folding and frequency mixing technology, namely, the local oscillation frequency of the broadband is folded up and down to obtain two intermediate frequency bands with crossed frequencies, and the two intermediate frequency bands are respectively mixed with the radio frequency to obtain two intermediate frequency bands, thereby not only compressing the range of the local oscillation frequency, but also reducing the intermediate frequency. Therefore, the corresponding two-section one-local oscillator frequency forms a two-section partial frequency overlapping area, the highest local oscillator frequency is limited, a local oscillator frequency range is compressed, the availability of key components such as a phase discriminator, a digital frequency divider and the like in a single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer is improved, the process requirement and the design difficulty of the circuit are reduced, and the broadband one-local oscillator circuit is reliable in performance and stable in output.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the anti-jamming system of the broadband satellite-borne receiver of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the rf frequency sorting circuit of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the intermediate frequency sorting circuit shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the local oscillator circuit shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1. In the embodiments described below, a broadband on-board receiver anti-jamming system includes: the radio frequency sorting circuit, the intermediate frequency sorting circuit, the low intermediate frequency circuit and the broadband local oscillator circuit comprise a second intermediate frequency circuit and a third intermediate frequency circuit. The radio frequency sorting circuit is connected with the intermediate frequency sorting circuit in series through a first-stage mixer, the intermediate frequency sorting circuit is connected with a second intermediate frequency circuit in series through a second-stage mixer, and the second intermediate frequency circuit is connected with the intermediate frequency amplifying and filtering component in series through a third-stage mixer. The receiver adopts a three-time mixing mode to improve the anti-interference capability, and the radio frequency circuit adopts a design of a plurality of shielding cavities to prevent the stability of the circuit from being influenced by the inter-path interference; the working direct current power supply adopts filtering and secondary voltage stabilization for mutual isolation, and the circuit stability is improved. In order to overcome the technical level of a phase discriminator and a digital frequency divider which are limited and meet the requirement of high quality grade of the satellite-borne product at present, a receiver adopts a design method of combining a large-step broadband frequency hopping source and a small-step narrow-band frequency hopping source, and radar signal interception and low-intermediate frequency narrow-band communication signal interception and reception of a high-intermediate frequency broadband are simultaneously output.
The radio frequency sorting circuit is connected with the intermediate frequency sorting circuit in series through a first-stage mixer, the intermediate frequency sorting circuit is connected with a second low-intermediate frequency circuit in series through a second-stage mixer, the second low-intermediate frequency circuit is connected with an intermediate frequency amplifying and filtering component in series through a third-stage mixer, and the local oscillation circuit provides local oscillation sources for the three mixers respectively; a radio frequency sorting circuit in front of the first-stage mixer divides the broadband radio frequency signal into three sub-frequency bands to respectively filter interference signals, and the interference signals before mixing are suppressed below a sensitivity level; a mixer obtains double intermediate frequency by adopting an upper and lower refractive index folding frequency mixing technology according to a broadband local oscillation frequency provided by a local oscillation circuit, then outputs the double intermediate frequency to a second-stage mixer through an intermediate frequency sorting circuit, mixes the double intermediate frequency with a local oscillation signal entering the second mixer to output a fixed second intermediate frequency, and divides the frequency into two paths, one path forms a high and medium frequency bandwidth radar listening channel, the other path mixes the frequency with a local oscillation signal entering a third-stage mixer to output a third intermediate frequency, and forms a communication signal listening channel formed by amplifying and filtering the signal by an intermediate frequency power division filtering component and two paths of output communication signals.
According to the frequency process design of the receiver, the broadband satellite-borne receiver of the embodiment adopts a frequency process of three-time frequency conversion, a broadband signal is divided into three sub-frequency bands, and a radio frequency sorting scheme, an intermediate frequency sorting scheme, a broadband-local oscillator frequency folding and three-time frequency mixing scheme is adopted, wherein one local oscillator output frequency control code and the radio frequency are in one-to-one correspondence, and two sections of broadband frequencies with partial frequency bands overlapped in a cross mode are obtained according to calculated values of the radio frequency and two intermediate frequencies; the two local oscillators are two fixed point frequency sources, and the frequency control code and the radio frequency are in a corresponding relation; the three local oscillators are narrow-band small-step frequency hopping sources, one local oscillator frequency corresponding to the first-stage frequency mixer is a wide-band large-step frequency hopping source with two sections of cross-overlapped partial frequencies, the output frequency and the radio frequency are in one-to-one correspondence, and the wide-band radio frequency signals are converted into intermediate frequency signals with two fixed frequencies through the frequency mixer. The second local oscillation frequency corresponding to the second-stage frequency mixer is two fixed dot frequency frequencies, the selection of the output frequency point is in a corresponding relation with the radio frequency, and a second intermediate frequency signal of the fixed dot frequency is mixed; and the three local oscillation frequencies corresponding to the third-stage frequency mixer are narrow-band small-step frequency hopping sources, so that the multifunctional requirement of the system on communication signal processing is met.
See fig. 2. In order to meet the requirement of high-sensitivity detection and reception, the radio frequency sorting circuit is respectively arranged on three branches, a first-stage filter, a low-noise amplifier, a small-step adjustable attenuator and a post-positioned second-stage filter are sequentially connected in series between a first-stage frequency selective switch and a second-stage frequency selective switch of each branch, the second-stage filter is a filter which is consistent with the first-stage filter in front of the low-noise amplifier and can replace an image frequency suppression filter in front of a mixer in a conventional mixer circuit, and the embodiment can strengthen suppression through two-stage filter cascade. The first-stage filter mainly aims at the suppression of interference signals of a working platform and intermediate frequency interference signals and ensures that the low-noise amplifier works in a linear region; the second stage filter mainly inhibits the harmonic components of the interference signals and the radio frequency signals amplified by the low noise amplifier from being lower than the sensitivity level, and prevents a receiver from generating false response. The selection of the noise figure and the gain magnitude of the low noise amplifier is a result of taking into account the noise figure, the dynamic range, the linearity of the receiver, and the realizability and high reliability of the low noise amplifier. The attenuation of the large-step controllable attenuator is 20dB, the attenuator works in a through state by default, attenuation starting control is performed under a strong signal, dynamic requirements of a communication branch circuit which can be widened by 80dB are met, and meanwhile the influence of a strong radar signal on the linearity of a first-stage mixer is prevented. According to the design thought, the radio frequency sorting circuit consists of two frequency sorting switches, 6 filters, 3 low-noise amplifiers, 3 small step adjustable attenuators and one large step controllable step attenuator. The first filter on each branch restrains the interference signal in the working platform and the intermediate and image frequency signals generated in the mixing process to a certain degree, the signal is amplified by the low noise amplifier and then passes through the small step adjustable attenuator and the second filter, and the interference signal at the output end of the low noise amplifier is restrained below the corresponding sensitivity level.
The radio frequency sorting circuit divides a broadband radio frequency signal into three sub-frequency bands, a first-stage filter, a low-noise amplifier, a small step adjustable attenuator and a second-stage filter which are sequentially connected in series are adopted on each sub-frequency band, the three sub-frequency bands form three branches, the three frequency selection branches are connected between two identical frequency selection switches in parallel, signals of the three branches are output to the input end of the second-stage frequency selection switch, the output end of the second-stage frequency selection switch is connected with a large step variable attenuator for suppressing interference in series, and the gain difference of the three branches is eliminated through the output of the large step adjustable attenuator.
The frequency selection switch can be a single-pole triple-throw switch, a radio frequency signal is divided into three frequency selection branches with consistent functions through a first-stage single-pole triple-throw switch, each frequency selection branch is a sub-frequency band, and small-step adjustable step attenuators are arranged in three sub-frequency band circuits to balance amplitude difference between the three sub-frequency bands due to the amplitude-frequency characteristic of a broadband device and improve port standing waves when the broadband low-noise amplifier is cascaded with a filter.
See fig. 3. The working frequency range of the invention relates to S, C, X frequency bands, and one local oscillator adopts a high local oscillator frequency mixing mode, thereby improving the anti-interference capability. However, if the intermediate frequency is too high, the difficulty in implementing the local oscillator is increased, the stability of the circuit is poor, and the availability of high-performance devices has risks; if the intermediate frequency is too low, a local oscillator frequency is closer to the radio frequency and the intermediate frequency, and the design difficulty of the receiver is increased due to local oscillator leakage. Therefore, a local oscillator output frequency range is determined according to the performances of the existing phase detector, the existing digital frequency divider and the existing VCO. The suppression of radio frequency to intermediate frequency and the suppression of intermediate frequency to radio frequency and local oscillator are synthesized, two-intermediate frequency mixing modes are adopted to improve the suppression degree, and the realization of a local oscillator circuit is simplified. The radio frequency is divided into a high section and a low section at a mixer, so that an intermediate frequency mixed by the high-frequency section radio frequency falls in the low-frequency section, and an intermediate frequency mixed by the low-frequency section radio frequency falls in the high-frequency section, therefore, local oscillation frequencies corresponding to the high radio frequency and the low radio frequency have a partial overlapping area, the local oscillation output frequency range is compressed, and the circuit implementation difficulty is reduced.
By integrating the suppression of the radio frequency to the intermediate frequency and the suppression of the intermediate frequency to the radio frequency and the local oscillator, the frequency mixing mode of two radio frequency frequencies (IF 1-1 and IF 1-2) of an intermediate frequency sub-band is adopted to simplify the design of a local oscillator circuit and an intermediate frequency circuit, and simultaneously improve the efficiency of an intermediate frequency filter. The intermediate frequency sorting circuit divides the radio frequency into a high section and a low section at a mixer, wherein RF-1 is a middle and low frequency of a low frequency band, RF-2 is a middle and high frequency of a high frequency band, a middle and high frequency IF1-2 of a high frequency band radio frequency and a local oscillator frequency LO1-2 through a mixer fall in a middle and low frequency RF-1 of a low frequency band, a middle and low frequency RF-1 of a low frequency band and a local oscillator frequency LO1-1 fall in a middle and high frequency RF-2 of a high frequency band through a middle and low frequency IF1-1 of a mixer, so that local oscillator frequencies (LO1-1 and LO 1-2) corresponding to the high and low frequency bands have partial overlapping regions, the local oscillator output frequency range is compressed, and the realization difficulty of the circuit is reduced. The low pass filter in the IF frequency sorting circuit functions to prevent a local oscillator signal from leaking through the mixer to the IF path, thereby saturating the amplifier following the low pass filter. The attenuators in the two branches are small step adjustable attenuators, and the amplitude difference of the two intermediate frequency channels is adjusted. The two intermediate frequency selection switches are used with the intermediate frequency filters in the two branches to realize intermediate frequency selection and enhance combined interference suppression.
Based on the design idea, the intermediate frequency sorting circuit comprises a mixer for receiving the first two sub-band radio frequency RF1 and the third sub-band radio frequency RF2 of the radio frequency sorting circuit shown in fig. 2, and correspondingly outputting a local oscillator frequency LO1-1 and a local oscillator frequency LO1-2, a low pass filter and an amplifier which are sequentially connected in series, and an intermediate frequency sorting loop connected with the amplifier; the mixer is connected with the low-pass filter in series and then connected with the amplifier in series, the amplifier is connected with the single-pole triple-throw switch in series, the single-pole triple-throw switch is connected with the two intermediate-frequency filters in parallel and then connected with the attenuator in series and then connected with the single-pole triple-throw switch in parallel.
The mixer mixes a middle-low frequency IF1-1 and a middle-high frequency IF1-2, two middle-high frequency signals IF1-1 and IF1-2 pass through a low-pass filter, are amplified by an amplifier, are divided into two paths by a first middle-high frequency selector switch in an intermediate frequency sorting loop, are filtered by a filter connected with a first branch and a second branch in series, and respectively output a middle-low frequency IF1-1 and a middle-high frequency IF1-2, and the middle-high frequency signal and the low frequency signal are respectively attenuated by attenuators on the branches and then output one of IF1-1 or IF1-2 according to radio frequency through a second middle-high frequency selector switch. The low-pass filters in the two branches of the intermediate frequency sorting circuit are used for inhibiting the first local oscillation signal, preventing the first local oscillation signal from leaking to an intermediate frequency channel through a mixer, pushing an amplifier behind the low-pass filter to be saturated and influencing the normal work of a receiver, and the attenuators in the two branches are small step adjustable attenuators and are used for adjusting the amplitude difference of two intermediate frequency channels. The two intermediate frequency selection switches are single-pole three-throw switches with the same model number, and are used together with the two branch intermediate frequency filters to realize an intermediate frequency selection function, wherein redundant ports in the intermediate frequency selection switches are connected to the ground through a 50 omega resistor, and the switching control of the intermediate frequency selection switches is consistent with a local oscillation frequency control code.
See fig. 4. According to the design of a large-step broadband frequency hopping source of a local oscillator, a local oscillator circuit consists of a single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer, a filter, an amplifier, a frequency multiplier, an amplifier and a filter. The frequency doubling mode is adopted to improve the output frequency, widen the frequency range and simplify the design of a phase-locked loop; the output is performed in a mode of overlapping two sections of partial frequencies, so that an intermediate frequency is reduced, and the realizability and the stability of the broadband high-frequency local oscillation circuit and the intermediate frequency circuit are improved. The amplifier is connected with the attenuator in series and then connected with the three power dividers in parallel, and then connected with the local oscillator circuit, the two local oscillator circuits and the three local oscillator circuits. Because the single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer has simple circuit, mature technology and stable performance, the broadband-local oscillator signal outputs a high-stability broadband frequency hopping signal through the single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer, and then the output frequency is improved and the frequency range is widened through a frequency doubling mode; meanwhile, a local oscillator is output in a mode of folding the frequency up and down, the output frequency range of the loop is compressed, the output frequency of the loop is controlled in the middle area with the most stable VCO performance, and the reliability of the circuit is improved.
The local oscillator circuit is realized in a single-ring frequency multiplication mode, the design difficulty of a loop is reduced, the stability and the reliability of the circuit are improved, and the availability of key components such as a phase discriminator, a digital divider frequency and a VCO which meet the quality grade requirement of a satellite-borne product is improved.
The two local oscillator circuits adopt single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizers which are completely consistent with the one local oscillator circuit to output two fixed point frequency sources with controllable frequencies. The three-local-oscillator circuit is realized by adopting a single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer and a direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS, a reference clock outputs a fixed dot frequency LO as a clock signal of the direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS through a phase-locked loop 3, the DDS is pushed to output a narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source LO3, the clock signal is filtered by a filter, the clock signal is amplified to a proper level through an amplifier, a harmonic frequency component is filtered by the filter at the rear end of the amplifier, and the narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source LO3 is output to a third-stage mixer local oscillator end. The amplifier and the attenuator in front of the three power dividers in the circuit have the functions of isolating the traction effect of externally supplied reference on the circuit and improving the anti-interference capability of the circuit; the attenuators on the three local oscillation branches can increase the mutual isolation among the three branches to prevent mutual influence; the direct current power supply that three local oscillator circuit used adopts the steady voltage measure to keep apart, and the circuit adopts the shielding mode of big cavity cover little cavity on structural layout, improves the interference killing feature each other, simultaneously, prevents that the local oscillator from passing through the space and revealing, influences the receiving circuit performance.
The local oscillation circuit includes: the attenuator comprises an amplifier for receiving an external 50MHz reference clock, an attenuator connected with the amplifier in series, a three-way power divider connected with the attenuator in series, and attenuators connected with three branches behind the output end of the three-way power divider in parallel, wherein the attenuators on the three branches are respectively connected with a local oscillator circuit, a two-local oscillator circuit and a three-local oscillator circuit through a phase-locked loop 1, a phase-locked loop 2 and a phase-locked loop 3; the reference signal is respectively output a local oscillation signal LO1-1, an LO1-2, a two local oscillation signal LO2-1, an LO2-2 and a three local oscillation signal LO3 through a first local oscillation circuit, a second local oscillation circuit and a three local oscillation circuit which are respectively connected with the output ends of the three phase-locked loops.
The phase-locked loop 1 comprises a phase detector, a loop filter and a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO which are sequentially connected in series, the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO forms a single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer of a closed loop through a four-frequency divider and the phase detector in parallel, and the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO outputs local oscillation frequency signals LO1-1', LO1-2' of two broadband frequency hopping sources to a local oscillation circuit according to frequency control codes.
The phase-locked loop 2 adopts a phase detector, a loop filter and a voltage controlled oscillator VCO which are completely consistent with the phase-locked loop 1 to realize a single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer, and a reference clock receives a frequency control code through the phase-locked loop 2 and outputs two point frequencies LO2-1 and LO2-2 to two local oscillation circuits.
The phase locked loop 3 and the phase locked loop 1 are completely consistent, and the phase detector, the loop filter and the voltage controlled oscillator VCO are sequentially connected in series, the voltage controlled oscillator VCO is directly connected with the phase detector in parallel to form a single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer of a closed loop, and three local oscillation signals LO3 are output through the voltage controlled oscillator VCO.
The reference signal passes through the phase-locked loop 1 to output frequency control codes LO1-1 'and LO1-2' local oscillator frequency signals of two broadband frequency hopping sources, the two local oscillator frequency signals input into a local oscillator circuit sequentially pass through series-connected filters, quarter harmonic components of the output frequency of the phase-locked loop 1 are filtered by the filters, then a frequency doubler is used for amplifying the two local oscillator frequency signals LO1-1 'and LO1-2' to the original 2 times in a stepping mode and outputting frequency doubling local oscillator signals LO1-1 and LO1-2 of two frequency bands, the frequency doubling local oscillator signals are subjected to saturation amplification by a post-amplifier, all frequency components before frequency doubling are filtered by the filter after the amplifier, and the filtered and output local oscillator signals LO1-1 and LO1-2 of the two frequency bands to be sent to the local oscillator end of the first-stage mixer.
The two-local oscillator circuit is realized by a single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer completely consistent with the one-local oscillator circuit, and the working process is as follows: the reference clock receives the frequency control code through the phase-locked loop 2, outputs two dot frequency LO2-1 and LO2-2, filters a quarter harmonic component of the output frequency of the phase-locked loop 2 through a filter, amplifies the harmonic component to a proper level through an amplifier, filters a harmonic component generated by a local oscillation signal through the amplifier through a low-pass filter at the rear end, and outputs two dot frequency LO2-1 and LO2-2 as two local oscillations to be sent to the local oscillation end of the second-stage mixer.
The three local oscillators are realized by adopting a single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer and a direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS, and the working process is as follows: a reference clock outputs a fixed point frequency LO through a phase-locked loop 3 to be used as a clock signal of a direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS, the DDS is pushed to form a narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source, a three local oscillation signal LO3 output by the narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source is filtered by a filter to remove a clock signal, the clock signal is amplified to a proper level through an amplifier, a filter at the rear end of the amplifier removes harmonic frequency components, and the three local oscillation signal LO3 is transmitted to a local oscillation end of a third-stage mixer.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that many variations, modifications, and even equivalents may be made thereto within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims, but all of which fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-interference system of a broadband satellite-borne receiver comprises: radio frequency sorting circuit, intermediate frequency sorting circuit, low intermediate frequency circuit and local oscillator circuit, its characterized in that: the radio frequency sorting circuit is connected with the intermediate frequency sorting circuit in series through a first-stage mixer, the intermediate frequency sorting circuit is connected with a second low-intermediate frequency circuit in series through a second-stage mixer, the second low-intermediate frequency circuit is connected with an intermediate frequency amplifying and filtering component in series through a third-stage mixer, and the local oscillation circuit provides local oscillation sources for the three mixers respectively; a radio frequency sorting circuit in front of the first-stage mixer divides the broadband radio frequency signal into three sub-frequency bands to respectively filter interference signals, and the interference signals before mixing are suppressed below a sensitivity level; a mixer obtains double-medium frequency by adopting an upper and lower refractive index folding mixing technology according to the broadband local oscillation frequency provided by the local oscillation circuit; then the signals are output to a second-stage mixer through an intermediate frequency sorting circuit, are mixed with local oscillation signals entering the second mixer to output fixed second intermediate frequency, and are divided into two paths, one path forms a high and medium frequency band radar interception channel, the other path is mixed with local oscillation signals entering a third-stage mixer to output three intermediate frequency, and two paths of output communication signal interception channels after amplified and filtered by an intermediate frequency power division filtering component are formed; the radio frequency sorting circuit divides a broadband radio frequency signal into three sub-frequency bands, a first-stage filter, a low-noise amplifier, a small step adjustable attenuator and a second-stage filter which are sequentially connected in series are adopted on each sub-frequency band, the three sub-frequency bands form three branches, the three branches are connected between two identical frequency sorting switches in parallel, three branch signals are output to the input end of a second-stage frequency sorting switch, two intermediate frequency sorting switches are connected with intermediate frequency filters in the two branches to realize intermediate frequency sorting and enhance combined interference suppression, the output end of the second-stage frequency sorting switch is connected with a large step variable attenuator for suppressing interference in series, and a gain difference on the three branches is eliminated through the large step variable attenuator output, wherein the intermediate frequency sorting circuit divides the radio frequency into a high section and a low section at a mixer, and a medium-high frequency RF-2 and a local oscillation frequency LO1-2 of the high-frequency band radio frequency are output through a mixer, and a medium-high frequency IF1-2 falls in a middle and low frequency RF-1 of a low frequency band, a middle and low frequency RF-1 of the low frequency band and a local oscillation frequency LO1-1 output by a mixer fall in a middle and high frequency RF-2 of a high frequency band, the mixer mixes a middle and low frequency IF1-1 and a middle and high frequency IF1-2, two middle and high frequency signals IF1-2 and IF1-1 pass through a low pass filter, are amplified by an amplifier and are divided into two paths by a first middle and high frequency selector switch in an intermediate frequency sorting loop, filtering is carried out through a filter connected with the first branch and the second branch in series, a middle-high frequency signal and a low-frequency signal which are respectively output are respectively attenuated by attenuators on the branches, then one of IF1-1 or IF1-2 is gated and output by a second intermediate frequency selective switch according to the radio frequency; the reference signal passes through the phase-locked loop 1 to output frequency control codes LO1-1 'and LO1-2' and generates two local oscillation frequency signals by a broadband frequency hopping source, the two local oscillation frequency signals input into a local oscillation circuit sequentially pass through series filters, a quarter harmonic component of the output frequency of the phase-locked loop 1 is filtered by the filters, then a frequency doubler is used for amplifying the two local oscillation frequency signals LO1-1 'and LO1-2' to the original 2 times in a stepping manner and outputting frequency doubling local oscillation signals LO1-1 and LO1-2 of two frequency bands, the frequency doubling local oscillation signals are saturated and amplified by a post-amplifier, all frequency components before frequency doubling are filtered by the filter after the amplifier, the filtered and output local oscillation signals LO1-1 and LO1-2 of the two frequency bands are sent to the local oscillation end of the first-stage mixer, the harmonic component generated by the local oscillation signals passing through the amplifier is filtered by a low pass filter at the rear end, two dot frequency LO2-1 and LO2-2 are output and serve as two local oscillators to be sent to a second-stage mixer local oscillator end; the three local oscillators adopt a single-ring phase-locked frequency synthesizer and a direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS, a reference clock outputs a fixed dot frequency LO as a clock signal of the direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS through a phase-locked loop 3 to push the DDS to form a narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source, a three local oscillator signal LO3 output by the narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source filters the clock signal through a filter, the clock signal is amplified through an amplifier, a harmonic frequency component is filtered by the filter at the rear end of the amplifier, and the three local oscillator signal LO3 is sent to the local oscillator end of a third-stage frequency mixer; the interference signals and the intermediate frequency in the working platform are effectively inhibited by adopting a two-stage filter cascade mode, and simultaneously, a high local oscillation mode is adopted by one-stage frequency mixing, so that the harmonic frequency of a local oscillation is far away from the intermediate frequency, and the low-order combined interference generated by the local oscillation, the fundamental wave of radio frequency and the harmonic wave through a frequency mixer is prevented from falling in an intermediate frequency band; by the local oscillator frequency folding and mixing technology, an intermediate frequency mixed by the low-frequency end and a local oscillator signal through a mixer falls in a high-frequency band, and an intermediate frequency mixed by the high-frequency end and a local oscillator signal through a mixer falls in a low-frequency band, so that intermediate-frequency interference suppression is improved.
2. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 1, wherein: the first-stage mixer converts the broadband radio-frequency signal into an intermediate-frequency signal with two fixed frequencies; the second local oscillation frequency corresponding to the second-stage frequency mixer is two fixed dot frequency frequencies, the selection of the output frequency point is in a corresponding relation with the radio frequency, and a second intermediate frequency signal of the fixed dot frequency is mixed; and the third local oscillator frequency corresponding to the third-stage frequency mixer is a narrow-band small-step frequency hopping source.
3. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 1, wherein: the broadband satellite-borne receiver adopts a frequency process of three-time frequency conversion, divides a broadband signal into three sub-frequency bands, and performs radio frequency sorting, intermediate frequency sorting and broadband-local oscillator frequency folding and three-time frequency mixing, wherein a local oscillator output frequency control code and radio frequency are in one-to-one correspondence, and the broadband frequency with two sections of partial frequency bands overlapped in a crossed manner is obtained according to calculated values of the radio frequency and two intermediate frequencies; the two local oscillators are two fixed point frequency sources, and the frequency control code and the radio frequency are in a corresponding relation.
4. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 1, wherein: the frequency selection switch is a single-pole triple-throw switch, a radio frequency signal is divided into three frequency selection branches with consistent functions through a first-stage single-pole triple-throw switch, each frequency selection branch is a sub-frequency band, and small-step adjustable step attenuators are arranged in three sub-frequency band circuits to balance amplitude difference between the three sub-frequency bands due to the amplitude-frequency characteristics of a broadband device and improve port standing waves when the broadband low-noise amplifier and a filter are cascaded.
5. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 1, wherein: RF-1 is a middle-low frequency of a low frequency band, RF-2 is a middle-high frequency of a high frequency band, the local oscillator frequencies LO1-2 and LO1-1 corresponding to the high and low radio frequency bands have partial overlapping regions, and the local oscillator output frequency range is compressed, wherein low-pass filters in two branches of the intermediate frequency sorting circuit suppress a first local oscillator signal, the low-pass filters prevent the local oscillator signal from leaking to an intermediate frequency path through a mixer, and an amplifier behind the low-pass filters is pushed to be saturated.
6. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 1, wherein: the intermediate frequency sorting circuit comprises a first two sub-band radio frequency RF1 and a third sub-band radio frequency RF2 of the receiving radio frequency sorting circuit, a mixer corresponding to a local oscillator frequency LO1-1 and a local oscillator frequency LO1-2, a low-pass filter and an amplifier which are sequentially connected in series, and an intermediate frequency sorting loop connected with the amplifier; the two intermediate frequency selection switches are single-pole triple-throw switches with the same type and are used with two branch intermediate frequency filters to realize an intermediate frequency sorting function, redundant ports in the intermediate frequency selection switches are connected to the ground through a 50 omega resistor, and the switching control of the intermediate frequency selection switches is consistent with a local oscillation frequency control code.
7. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 6, wherein: the radio frequency sorting circuit is respectively arranged on three branches, and a first-stage filter, a low-noise amplifier, a small-step adjustable attenuator and a post-positioned second-stage filter are sequentially connected in series between a first-stage frequency selection switch and a second-stage frequency selection switch, wherein the first-stage filter is used for filtering the suppression of a working platform interference signal and an intermediate frequency interference signal, so that the low-noise amplifier is ensured to work in a linear region; the second filter suppresses the interference signal amplified by the low noise amplifier and the harmonic component of the radio frequency signal to be lower than the sensitivity level, so as to prevent the receiver from generating false response, and the first filter on each branch suppresses the interference signal in the working platform and the medium and image frequency signals generated in the frequency mixing process to a certain degree, and the signal amplified by the low noise amplifier passes through the small-step adjustable attenuator and then the second filter, so as to suppress the interference signal at the output end of the low noise amplifier to be lower than the corresponding sensitivity level.
8. The anti-interference system of the broadband satellite-borne receiver according to claim 1, wherein the local oscillator circuit comprises: the attenuator comprises an amplifier for receiving an external 50MHz reference clock, an attenuator connected with the amplifier in series, a three-way power divider connected with the attenuator in series, and attenuators connected with three branches behind the output end of the three-way power divider in parallel, wherein the attenuators on the three branches are respectively connected with a local oscillator circuit, a two-local oscillator circuit and a three-local oscillator circuit through a phase-locked loop 1, a phase-locked loop 2 and a phase-locked loop 3; the reference signal is respectively output a local oscillation signal LO1-1, an LO1-2, a two local oscillation signal LO2-1, an LO2-2 and a three local oscillation signal LO3 through a first local oscillation circuit, a second local oscillation circuit and a three local oscillation circuit which are respectively connected with the output ends of the three phase-locked loops.
9. The anti-interference system of the broadband satellite-borne receiver according to claim 8, wherein the amplifier is connected in series with the attenuator and is connected in parallel with the first local oscillator circuit, the second local oscillator circuit and the third local oscillator circuit after being connected in series with the three power dividers, the broadband first local oscillator signal outputs a high-stability broadband frequency hopping signal through the single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer, and then the output frequency is increased and the frequency range is widened through a frequency doubling mode; meanwhile, a local oscillator is output in a mode of folding the frequency up and down, the output frequency range of the loop is compressed, and the output frequency of the loop is controlled in the middle area with the most stable performance of the VCO.
10. The broadband space-borne receiver anti-interference system according to claim 9, wherein: the two-local oscillator circuit adopts a single-loop phase-locked frequency synthesizer which is completely consistent with the one-local oscillator circuit: the reference clock receives the frequency control code through the phase-locked loop 2, outputs two dot frequency LO2-1 and LO2-2, filters out a quarter harmonic component of the output frequency of the phase-locked loop 2 through a filter, and then amplifies the component to a proper level through an amplifier.
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