CN109319526B - Container loading and storing system and method for bagged materials - Google Patents
Container loading and storing system and method for bagged materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN109319526B CN109319526B CN201811368095.7A CN201811368095A CN109319526B CN 109319526 B CN109319526 B CN 109319526B CN 201811368095 A CN201811368095 A CN 201811368095A CN 109319526 B CN109319526 B CN 109319526B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
- B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G61/00—Use of pick-up or transfer devices or of manipulators for stacking or de-stacking articles not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存系统及方法,包括用于将空置集装箱或装满货物集装箱在辅助装车机组、集装箱货车和流转存储区之间转运的龙门行车;用于营造密闭防潮空间来存储或者转运袋装物料的集装箱;用于实现整个集装箱底盘的物料堆放的辅助装车机组;通过皮带输送袋装物料至码垛机器人工位、将袋装物料码放到辅助装车机组上的集装箱底盘上的双工位码垛系统;用于存储空置集装箱和装满货物集装箱的流转存储区;本发明通过控制系统控制码垛机器人码放袋装物料,通过辅助装车机组装箱运送集装箱,通过龙门行车将集装箱吊装码放或流转存储区。本发明系统安全可靠、成本低,能够实现无人化作业,自动化程度高。
The invention discloses a container loading and storage system and method for bagged materials. It is used to create a closed moisture-proof space to store or transfer the container of bagged materials; it is used to realize the auxiliary loading unit for the material stacking of the entire container chassis; it conveys the bagged materials to the stacking robot station through the belt, and puts the bagged materials into the auxiliary The double-station palletizing system on the container chassis on the loading unit; the circulation storage area for storing empty containers and full cargo containers; the invention controls the stacking robot to stack bagged materials through the control system, and the auxiliary loading unit Containers are packed and transported, and the containers are hoisted and stacked or transferred to the storage area through the gantry crane. The system of the invention is safe and reliable, has low cost, can realize unmanned operation, and has a high degree of automation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明物品运输领域,尤其适合袋装物料的集装箱装车任务和袋装物料的短期储存任务,特别地,涉及一种袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存系统及方法。In the field of article transportation, the present invention is especially suitable for the container loading task of bagged materials and the short-term storage task of bagged materials, and particularly relates to a container loading and storage system and method for bagged materials.
背景技术Background technique
目前袋装物料(白灰、面粉、水泥、化肥、糖等产品)生产完成后,进行车辆装载工作时,仍然主要靠人力来完成。通常是将产品堆垛于货架或托板上,当需要装车时则通过叉车将托板连同货物叉起放在货车的边缘处,然后再依靠人力将货物码至货车内部。其中,不管是重量较大的物品还是危险品都会对工作人员存在较大的安全隐患;此外,由于销售淡旺季差别,工厂往往需要建设大量的仓库进行销售淡季产量的贮存,资金投入大。所以,开发一种工作效率高、能减轻人力劳动强度、无仓库贮存的装车系统,已经成为企业和社会迫切要解决的问题。At present, after the production of bagged materials (lime, flour, cement, chemical fertilizers, sugar and other products) is completed, when carrying out vehicle loading work, it is still mainly completed by manpower. Products are usually stacked on shelves or pallets. When loading is required, the pallets and goods are forklifted and placed on the edge of the truck by a forklift, and then the goods are loaded into the truck by manpower. Among them, whether it is a heavy item or a dangerous item, there will be a greater safety hazard for the staff; in addition, due to the difference between the off-season and peak sales season, factories often need to build a large number of warehouses to store the output in the off-season sales, and the capital investment is large. Therefore, it has become an urgent problem for enterprises and society to develop a loading system that has high work efficiency, can reduce the intensity of human labor, and has no warehouse storage.
目前市面上的产品或专利均存在装车效率低、转运不及时的产品的临时存储需要建应急存储仓库等缺点:At present, the products or patents on the market all have disadvantages such as low loading efficiency, temporary storage of products that are not transported in time, and emergency storage warehouses need to be built:
亚泰集团通化水泥股份有限公司使用的ZQD100型移动式袋装水泥装车机和安徽海螺集团使用的新型货台水泥装车机,可以将包装好的物料运送至运输车辆的上方,但物料堆垛到车斗内仍然需要人工来完成。The ZQD100 mobile bagged cement loading machine used by Yatai Group Tonghua Cement Co., Ltd. and the new cargo platform cement loading machine used by Anhui Conch Group can transport the packaged materials to the top of the transportation vehicle, but the material pile Stacking into the car body still needs to be done manually.
秦皇岛港丙码头改造为散化肥装卸专用码头,使用技术含量很高的移动式装车机,可将从灌包机出来的袋装化肥直接装载至火车车厢。但运出不及时产品需要转运到仓库中暂存,仍然需要建立应急存储仓库。Qinhuangdao Port C Wharf was transformed into a special wharf for loading and unloading bulk chemical fertilizers. A high-tech mobile loading machine was used to directly load the bagged fertilizers from the packing machine into the train carriages. However, untimely products need to be transferred to the warehouse for temporary storage, and emergency storage warehouses still need to be established.
CN203806728U公开了一种装车机器人,汽车和输送轨道置于龙门吊下方,龙门吊通过地面辊道可实现x方向移动。机器抓手置于龙门吊上,可实现y、z方向的移动。但其利用桁架机器人携带单个抓手边码垛边装车,效率低,且同样需要建立应急存储仓库。CN203806728U discloses a loading robot, the car and the conveying track are placed under the gantry crane, and the gantry crane can move in the x direction through the ground roller table. The gripper of the machine is placed on the gantry crane, which can realize the movement in the y and z directions. However, it uses a truss robot to carry a single gripper while stacking and loading, which is inefficient and also requires the establishment of an emergency storage warehouse.
CN107352290A公开了一种包装箱自动装车机器人,通过龙门架下端的行走装置,深入车厢内部完成自动码垛。虽然该种装车设备的自动化程度较高,但通过单条输送线将产品传送至车厢内部,装车效率低,同样需要建立应急存储仓库。CN107352290A discloses a packing box automatic loading robot, which penetrates into the interior of the compartment to complete automatic stacking through the walking device at the lower end of the gantry. Although this type of loading equipment has a high degree of automation, the loading efficiency is low because the products are delivered to the interior of the compartment through a single conveyor line, and an emergency storage warehouse is also required.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决现有技术中存在的上述缺陷,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存系统及方法,以解决现有装车系统装车效率低、转运不及时的产品的临时存储需要建应急存储仓库等技术问题。In order to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a container loading and storage system and method for bagged materials, so as to solve the problems of low loading efficiency and untimely transshipment of the existing loading system. Temporary storage of products requires technical issues such as building emergency storage warehouses.
本发明是通过下述技术方案来实现的。The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
根据本发明的一个实施例,一种袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存系统,包括:According to one embodiment of the present invention, a container loading and storage system for bagged materials comprises:
龙门行车,根据控制系统任务指令自动识别集装箱,用于将空置集装箱或装满货物集装箱在辅助装车机组、集装箱货车和流转存储区之间转运;Gantry cranes, which automatically identify containers according to the task instructions of the control system, are used to transfer empty containers or full cargo containers between auxiliary loading units, container trucks and circulation storage areas;
集装箱,为可拆卸扣合式集装箱,用于营造密闭防潮空间来存储或者转运袋装物料;The container is a detachable snap-fit container, which is used to create an airtight moisture-proof space to store or transfer bagged materials;
辅助装车机组,用于打开可拆卸扣合式集装箱,搭载集装箱底盘,根据控制系统码垛指令间歇位置移动,辅助双工位码垛系统实现整个集装箱底盘的物料堆放;The auxiliary loading unit is used to open the detachable snap-fit container, carry the container chassis, move intermittently according to the palletizing instructions of the control system, and assist the double-station palletizing system to realize the material stacking of the entire container chassis;
双工位码垛系统,通过皮带输送袋装物料至码垛机器人工位,机器视觉自动识别辅助装车机组位置,控制其进行位置移动调整,码垛机器人将袋装物料码放到辅助装车机组上的集装箱底盘上;Double-station palletizing system, conveying bagged materials to the palletizing robot station through the belt, machine vision automatically recognizes the position of the auxiliary loading unit, controls its position movement and adjustment, and the palletizing robot puts the bagged materials into the auxiliary loading unit on the container chassis;
流转存储区,用于存储空置集装箱和装满货物集装箱;Rotation storage area for storage of empty containers and full cargo containers;
控制系统,用于获取龙门行车和双工位码垛系统上的双目视觉组件采集的袋装物料、辅助装车机位置信息,控制码垛机器人码放袋装物料、控制辅助装车机组运送集装箱和位置调整。The control system is used to obtain the bagged materials collected by the binocular vision components on the gantry crane and double-station palletizing system, and the position information of the auxiliary loading machine, control the palletizing robot to stack the bagged materials, and control the auxiliary loading unit to transport the container and position adjustments.
优选的,所述龙门行车包括地轨,地轨上通过车轮组架设有一对横梁支撑,横梁支撑上架设有双横梁组,在双横梁组之间滑动连接有两个移动车组、两个起升组件和两个双目视觉组件Ⅰ,对应每个移动车组上设有一个起重吊钩;还包括一个设在横梁支撑上的驾驶室。Preferably, the gantry crane includes a ground rail, on which a pair of crossbeam supports are set up through the wheel set, and a double crossbeam set is set on the crossbeam support, and two moving train sets, two lifters Lifting component and two binocular vision components Ⅰ, corresponding to each mobile car group is provided with a lifting hook; also includes a driver's cab on the beam support.
优选的,所述两个双目视觉组件Ⅰ分别安装在两个移动车组上。Preferably, the two binocular vision components I are respectively installed on two mobile vehicle groups.
优选的,所述驾驶室设在一对横梁支撑立柱之间,横梁支撑为一对呈八字型分布的支撑柱,驾驶室视野开阔。Preferably, the driver's cab is arranged between a pair of beam support columns, and the beam support is a pair of support columns distributed in a figure-eight shape, so that the driver's cab has a wide view.
优选的,所述集装箱包括集装箱底盘和密封围栏组成,两者扣合后形成密闭箱体,所述密封围栏为框型结构,在框架四边底部设有连接销钉,连接销钉贯穿于密封围栏与集装箱底盘,通过螺纹锁紧。Preferably, the container is composed of a container chassis and a sealed fence, the two are fastened to form a closed box, the sealed fence is a frame structure, and connecting pins are provided at the bottom of the four sides of the frame, and the connecting pins pass through the sealed fence and the container. Chassis, locked by screw.
优选的,在密闭箱体顶部设有横跨箱体的对称分布的吊环;所述集装箱底盘边框中设有嵌入密封圈的密封槽。Preferably, the top of the airtight box is provided with lifting rings distributed symmetrically across the box; the frame of the container chassis is provided with a sealing groove embedded with a sealing ring.
优选的,所述辅助装车机组由若干个移动轮机组搭载的辅助装车机底盘,在辅助装车机底盘上表面四个角上分别设有与连接销钉相配合的销钉开合组件,用于实现集装箱的自动拆分和扣合。Preferably, the auxiliary loading unit consists of an auxiliary loading machine chassis carried by several mobile turbine units, and the four corners of the upper surface of the auxiliary loading machine chassis are respectively provided with pin opening and closing assemblies that match the connecting pins. It is used to realize the automatic splitting and buckling of the container.
优选的,所述双工位码垛系统包括与袋装物料来料区连接的主皮带线,和与主皮带线对接的若干个辅皮带线,在各辅皮带线的端部设有码垛机器人,在码垛机器人上方设置双目视觉组件Ⅱ。Preferably, the double-station palletizing system includes a main belt line connected to the bagged material incoming area, and several auxiliary belt lines connected to the main belt line, and a palletizing system is provided at the end of each auxiliary belt line. For the robot, set the binocular vision component II above the palletizing robot.
本发明相应地给出了上述系统的袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存方法,包括如下步骤:The present invention correspondingly provides the container loading and storage method of the bagged material of the above-mentioned system, comprising the following steps:
1)控制系统控制辅助装车机组运动到龙门行车的有效工作范围内;1) The control system controls the auxiliary loading unit to move to the effective working range of the gantry crane;
2)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车的车轮组沿着地轨运动到空闲集装箱上方;2) The cab personnel control the wheel set of the gantry crane to move along the ground rail to the top of the empty container;
3)龙门行车上的双目视觉组件Ⅰ进行起重吊钩和集装箱吊环的自动识别,控制系统将双目视觉组件Ⅰ采集的信息发送至龙门行车驾驶室内的显示屏,辅助驾驶室人员进行集装箱吊挂;3) The binocular vision component Ⅰ on the gantry crane automatically recognizes the lifting hook and the container ring, and the control system sends the information collected by the binocular vision component Ⅰ to the display screen in the gantry driving cab to assist the cab personnel to carry out container inspection. hanging;
4)驾驶室人员控制行车车轮组的位置调整和两个移动车组的位置调整,然后控制起升组件动作,使起重吊钩钩挂集装箱吊环,吊起空闲集装箱放置到辅助装车机组底盘上;4) The operator in the cab controls the position adjustment of the driving wheel set and the position adjustment of the two mobile car sets, and then controls the movement of the lifting components, so that the lifting hook is hooked to the container ring, and the empty container is lifted and placed on the chassis of the auxiliary loading unit superior;
5)驾驶室人员确认集装箱放置到辅助装车机组底盘上后,发送集装箱分离指令给控制系统;5) After confirming that the container is placed on the chassis of the auxiliary loading unit, the operator in the cab sends a container separation command to the control system;
6)控制系统控制辅助装车机组底盘上销钉开合组件同步脱离集装箱的连接销钉;6) The control system controls the pin opening and closing components on the chassis of the auxiliary loading unit to synchronously separate from the connecting pins of the container;
7)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车的起升组件动作,使起重吊钩将已分离开的集装箱密封围栏脱离集装箱底盘;驾驶室人员控制车轮组沿着地轨运动离开辅助装车机组运行通道;7) The operator in the cab controls the movement of the lifting components of the gantry crane, so that the lifting hook separates the sealed fence of the separated container from the container chassis; the operator in the cab controls the movement of the wheel group along the ground rail to leave the running channel of the auxiliary loading unit;
8)驾驶室人员确认已分离开的集装箱密封围栏脱离集装箱底盘,发送码垛指令给控制系统;8) The operator in the cab confirms that the sealed fence of the separated container is separated from the container chassis, and sends a stacking command to the control system;
9))控制系统控制辅助装车机组运载集装箱底盘至双工位码垛系统的码垛走廊内;9)) The control system controls the auxiliary loading unit to carry the container chassis to the palletizing corridor of the double-station palletizing system;
10)双工位码垛系统的皮带线将产线生产的袋装物料分别运送至两台码垛机器人的拾料位置;10) The belt line of the double-station palletizing system transports the bagged materials produced by the production line to the picking positions of the two palletizing robots;
11)双工位码垛系统的双目视觉组件Ⅱ采集辅助装车机组图像,并传输给控制系统,控制系统通过图像处理、解算当前辅助装车机组位置,并进行位置调整;11) The binocular vision component II of the double-station palletizing system collects the image of the auxiliary loading unit and transmits it to the control system. The control system calculates the current position of the auxiliary loading unit through image processing and adjusts the position;
12)控制系统控制码垛机器人将拾料位置的袋装物料抓起,并按照一定的排列顺序,装入带有集装箱底盘的辅助装车机组底盘上;12) The control system controls the palletizing robot to pick up the bagged materials at the pick-up position and load them into the chassis of the auxiliary loading unit with a container chassis in a certain order;
13)物料堆放完毕,控制系统控制辅助装车机组运动到龙门行车的有效工作范围内,驾驶室人员控制行车进行位置调整,使起重吊钩将集装箱密封围栏放置到已经满载物料的集装箱底盘上;13) After the materials are stacked, the control system controls the auxiliary loading unit to move to the effective working range of the gantry crane, and the operator in the cab controls the crane to adjust the position, so that the lifting hook will place the container sealing fence on the container chassis that has been fully loaded with materials ;
14)驾驶室人员确认集装箱密封围栏放置到已经满载物料的集装箱底盘上后,发送集装箱闭合指令给控制系统;14) After confirming that the container sealing fence is placed on the container chassis that has been fully loaded with materials, the operator in the cab sends a container closing command to the control system;
15)控制系统控制辅助装车机组底盘上销钉开合组件同步插合集装箱的连接销钉;15) The control system controls the pin opening and closing components on the chassis of the auxiliary loading unit to synchronously insert the connecting pins of the container;
16)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车将满载物料的封闭集装箱吊起;将满载物料的封闭集装箱运送至流转存储区或者转移到待装货车正上方;16) The cab personnel control the gantry driving to lift the closed container full of materials; transport the closed container full of materials to the circulation storage area or directly above the truck to be loaded;
17)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车的起升组件控制起重吊钩将集装箱落下,将集装箱放置在流转存储区或者转移到待装货车上。17) The operator in the cab controls the lifting component of the gantry driving to control the lifting hook to drop the container, and place the container in the circulation storage area or transfer it to the truck to be loaded.
本发明由于采取以上技术方案,其具有以下有益效果:The present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:
1.本发明采用了自动拆分、连接集装箱结构形式,集装箱拆分、连接等过程均不需要人工辅助,做到了中间环节无人化工作,节省了成本投入,避免了人员作业危险;1. The present invention adopts the structure form of automatic splitting and connecting containers, and the process of splitting and connecting containers does not require manual assistance, so that unmanned work in the intermediate links is achieved, cost input is saved, and personnel operation hazards are avoided;
2.本发明龙门行车采用双目视觉组件进行起重吊钩和集装箱吊钩的自动识别和定位,辅助人工执行钩挂任务,不需要人工辅助勾挂集装箱,避免了人员作业危险环节;2. The gantry crane of the present invention adopts binocular vision components to automatically identify and locate the lifting hook and the container hook, assists manual execution of the hooking task, does not need manual assistance to hook the container, and avoids the dangerous link of personnel operation;
3.本发明采用了上、下两部分可形成内部空间密封的集装箱形式,其可以放置于雨雪环境中,保证内部承载的产品处于干燥环境中,用于露天广场储存,免去了修建仓库的高额基建费用;3. The present invention adopts the form of a container whose upper and lower parts can form a sealed inner space, which can be placed in a rainy and snowy environment to ensure that the products carried inside are kept in a dry environment, and are used for storage in open squares, eliminating the need to build warehouses high infrastructure costs;
4.本发明采用双工位码垛系统,提前将物料码放到集装箱底盘上,集装箱底盘四周无立柱、栏板等干扰码垛机器人运动路线,提高了物料码放便捷程度和码放效率;4. The present invention adopts a double-station palletizing system, which puts the materials on the container chassis in advance, and there are no columns, fences, etc. around the container chassis to interfere with the movement route of the palletizing robot, which improves the convenience and efficiency of material stacking;
5.本发明采用双目立体视觉组件进行袋装物料、辅助装车机组上料垛的三维轮廓识别、位置检测和实时监控,进而通过控制两台码垛机器人实现全自动码放袋装产品到集装箱底盘上,无人化作业,自动化程度高;5. The present invention uses binocular stereo vision components to carry out three-dimensional contour recognition, position detection and real-time monitoring of bagged materials and auxiliary loading unit loading stacks, and then realizes automatic stacking of bagged products to containers by controlling two palletizing robots On the chassis, unmanned operation, high degree of automation;
6.本发明采用了满载产品的集装箱式装车方式,即龙门行车吊运集装箱密封围栏安装到集装箱底盘上,由龙门行车吊起整个集装箱装车,简单高效,大大缩短了车辆停靠等待装车的时间。6. The present invention adopts the container-type loading method with full load of products, that is, the gantry crane lifts the container sealing fence and installs it on the container chassis, and the gantry crane lifts the entire container for loading, which is simple and efficient, and greatly shortens the time for vehicles to stop and wait for loading time.
附图说明Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,并不构成对本发明的不当限定,在附图中:The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
图1是袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存系统布局图;Figure 1 is a layout diagram of the container loading and storage system for bagged materials;
图2是龙门行车组成示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the gantry;
图3是集装箱组成(封闭状态)组成示意图;Fig. 3 is a composition schematic diagram of container composition (closed state);
图4是集装箱组成(拆分状态)组成示意图;Fig. 4 is the composition schematic diagram of container composition (split state);
图5辅助装车机组组成示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the auxiliary loading unit;
图6是双工位码垛系统组成示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the double-station palletizing system.
图1中:1-龙门行车,2-集装箱,3-辅助装车机组,4-双工位码垛系统,5-流转存储区、6-归还集装箱货车、7-待装货车、8-已装货车、9-控制系统。In Figure 1: 1-gantry crane, 2-container, 3-auxiliary loading unit, 4-double-station palletizing system, 5-transfer storage area, 6-return container truck, 7-truck to be loaded, 8-has Loading truck, 9-control system.
图2中:1-1-地轨,1-2-车轮组,1-3-横梁支撑,1-4-双横梁组,1-5-移动车组,1-6-起升组件,1-7-双目视觉组件Ⅰ,1-8-起重吊钩,1-9-驾驶室。In Fig. 2: 1-1-ground rail, 1-2-wheel group, 1-3-beam support, 1-4-double beam group, 1-5-mobile car group, 1-6-lifting assembly, 1 -7- binocular vision component Ⅰ, 1-8- lifting hook, 1-9- cab.
图3、图4中:2-1-集装箱底盘,2-2-密封围栏,2-3-连接销钉,2-4-集装箱吊环。Among Fig. 3, Fig. 4: 2-1-container chassis, 2-2-seal fence, 2-3-connecting pin, 2-4-container ring.
图5中:3-1-辅助装车机底盘,3-2移动轮机组,3-3-销钉开合组件。Among Fig. 5: 3-1-auxiliary vehicle loader chassis, 3-2 mobile turbine unit, 3-3-pin opening and closing assembly.
图6中:4-1-主皮带线,4-2-辅皮带线,4-3-码垛机器人,4-4-双目视觉组件Ⅱ。In Figure 6: 4-1-main belt line, 4-2-auxiliary belt line, 4-3-palletizing robot, 4-4-binocular vision component II.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图以及具体实施例来详细说明本发明,在此本发明的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本发明,但并不作为对本发明的限定。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, where the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
如图1所示,本发明的袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存系统,包括:As shown in Figure 1, the container loading and storage system of bagged material of the present invention comprises:
一套龙门行车1、足够数量的集装箱2、一套辅助装车机组3、一套双工位码垛系统4、足够开阔的流转存储区5、归还集装箱货车6、待装货车7、已装货车8、控制系统9,各部分作用如下:A set of gantry cranes 1, a sufficient number of containers 2, an auxiliary loading unit 3, a double-station palletizing system 4, a sufficiently open circulation storage area 5, returned container trucks 6, trucks to be loaded 7, loaded Truck 8, control system 9, the functions of each part are as follows:
龙门行车1,根据控制系统任务指令,自动识别集装箱2(包括空置集装箱、拆分后集装箱和装满货物集装箱),用于集装箱2的位置转移,将空置集装箱2从归还集装箱货车6上(或者流转存储区5)运至辅助装车机组3上,或者将装满货物集装箱2从辅助装车机组3或者(或者流转存储区5)运至待装货车7上,或者将装满货物集装箱2从辅助装车机组3运至流转存储区5。Gantry driving 1, according to the task instruction of the control system, automatically identifies the container 2 (including empty container, container after splitting and full cargo container), and is used for the position transfer of container 2, and returns the empty container 2 from the container truck 6 (or The circulation storage area 5) is transported to the auxiliary loading unit 3, or the full cargo container 2 is transported from the auxiliary loading unit 3 or (or the circulation storage area 5) to the truck 7 to be loaded, or the full cargo container 2 Transported from the auxiliary loading unit 3 to the circulation storage area 5.
集装箱2,属于一种可拆卸扣合式集装箱,具有空置集装箱2和装满货物集装箱2两种状态,用于营造密闭防潮空间来存储或者转运袋装物料。The container 2 belongs to a detachable fastening container, which has two states of an empty container 2 and a full cargo container 2, and is used to create an airtight moisture-proof space for storing or transferring bagged materials.
辅助装车机组3,用于打开集(和闭合)装箱2的四个销钉,将集装箱离密封围栏2-2与集装箱底盘2-1分离,即可利用起重吊钩1-8吊离密封围栏2-2,将集装箱底盘2-1留在辅助装车机组3的辅助装车机底盘3-1上,运载集装箱底盘2-1至双工位码垛系统4的码垛走廊内,根据码垛指令间歇位置移动,双工位码垛系统4实现整个集装箱底盘2-1的物料堆放。The auxiliary loading unit 3 is used to open the four pins of the set (and close) packing 2, separate the container from the sealing fence 2-2 and the container chassis 2-1, and then use the lifting hook 1-8 to lift it away Seal the fence 2-2, leave the container chassis 2-1 on the auxiliary loading machine chassis 3-1 of the auxiliary loading unit 3, and carry the container chassis 2-1 to the palletizing corridor of the double-station palletizing system 4, According to the intermittent position movement of the palletizing instruction, the double-station palletizing system 4 realizes the material stacking of the entire container chassis 2-1.
双工位码垛系统4,在控制系统控制下,通过皮带输送袋装物料至码垛机器人工位,利用机器视觉自动识别辅助装车机组3位置,控制辅助装车机组3进行位置移动调整,码垛机器人将袋装物料码放到辅助装车机组3上的集装箱底盘2-1上。The double-station palletizing system 4, under the control of the control system, conveys the bagged materials to the palletizing robot station through the belt, uses machine vision to automatically identify the position of the auxiliary loading unit 3, and controls the auxiliary loading unit 3 to adjust the position. The palletizing robot puts the bagged materials on the container chassis 2-1 on the auxiliary loading unit 3.
流转存储区5,用于存储尚未来得及装箱的空置集装箱2、尚未来得及运出的装满货物集装箱2。The circulation storage area 5 is used to store empty containers 2 that have not yet had time to be packed, and full cargo containers 2 that have not yet had time to be shipped out.
本发明通过龙门行车1和辅助装车机组3进行集装箱2的移动和拆分,然后利用双工位码垛系统4进行袋装物料集装箱2内部码放,然后通过龙门行车1吊装至流转存储区5,实现袋装物料的集中存放与防潮密闭储存,或者通过龙门行车1吊装至待装货车7上,实现袋装货物的快速装车,大大缩短了车辆停靠等待装车的时间。龙门行车1勾吊集装箱2,实现集装箱的位置移动;勾吊满载货物的集装箱2由流转存储区5地面上转移到待装货车上,也可勾吊空闲的集装箱2由货车上转移到流转存储区5地面上或者辅助装车机组3上。The present invention uses the gantry crane 1 and the auxiliary loading unit 3 to move and disassemble the container 2, then utilizes the double-station palletizing system 4 to stack the bagged material container 2, and then lifts the container 2 to the circulation storage area 5 through the gantry crane 1 , to realize the centralized storage and moisture-proof airtight storage of bagged materials, or hoist them to the truck 7 to be loaded through the gantry crane 1, realize the rapid loading of bagged goods, and greatly shorten the time for vehicles to stop and wait for loading. The gantry crane 1 hooks the container 2 to move the position of the container; the hooked container 2 loaded with goods is transferred from the circulation storage area 5 to the truck to be loaded on the ground, and the idle container 2 can also be hooked and transferred from the truck to the circulation storage On the ground in zone 5 or on the auxiliary loading unit 3.
如图2所示,龙门行车1包括地轨1-1,地轨1-1上通过车轮组1-2架设有一对横梁支撑1-3,横梁支撑1-3上架设有双横梁组1-4,在双横梁组1-4之间滑动连接有两个移动车组1-5、两个起升组件1-6和两个双目视觉组件Ⅰ1-7,对应每个移动车组1-5上设有一个起重吊钩1-8;还包括一个设在横梁支撑上1-3的驾驶室1-9。两个双目视觉组件1-7分别安装在两个移动车组1-5上,双目视觉相机视场能够覆盖起重吊钩1-8的上下形成,一方面,为驾驶室1-9内提供视频监控,另一方面,可以自动识别和定位起重吊钩1-8和集装箱吊环2-4,自动控制龙门行车1进行集装箱2的勾吊任务。驾驶室1-9设在一对横梁支撑1-3立柱之间,横梁支撑1-3为一对呈八字型分布的支撑柱,保证驾驶室1-9内的操作人员视场足够开阔覆盖整个系统。As shown in Figure 2, the gantry crane 1 includes a ground rail 1-1, a pair of beam supports 1-3 are erected on the ground rail 1-1 through the wheel set 1-2, and a double beam set 1-3 is erected on the beam support 1-3. 4. There are two mobile vehicle groups 1-5, two lifting components 1-6 and two binocular vision components I1-7 slidingly connected between the double beam groups 1-4, corresponding to each mobile vehicle group 1- 5 is provided with a hoisting hook 1-8; Also includes a driver's cab 1-9 located on the beam support 1-3. The two binocular vision components 1-7 are respectively installed on the two mobile vehicle groups 1-5, and the field of view of the binocular vision camera can cover the upper and lower sides of the lifting hook 1-8. On the one hand, it is the cab 1-9 On the other hand, it can automatically identify and locate the lifting hook 1-8 and the container ring 2-4, and automatically control the gantry crane 1 to carry out the task of hooking the container 2. The cab 1-9 is set between a pair of beam supports 1-3 columns, and the beam supports 1-3 are a pair of support columns distributed in a figure-eight shape to ensure that the field of view of the operators in the cab 1-9 is wide enough to cover the entire system.
操作工人位于龙门行车1的双目视觉组件Ⅰ1-7进行目标识别和定位,自主操控车轮组1-2沿着地轨1-1实现x方向运动、两个移动车组1-5沿着双横梁组1-4实现y方向运动,调整起升组件1-6移动到集装箱2的正上方,然后控制起重吊钩1-8勾吊起空闲集装箱2。The operator is located on the binocular vision component I1-7 of the gantry train 1 to identify and locate the target, independently controls the wheel set 1-2 to move along the ground rail 1-1 to move in the x direction, and the two mobile train sets 1-5 move along the double beam Groups 1-4 move in the y direction, adjust the lifting components 1-6 to move directly above the container 2, and then control the lifting hooks 1-8 to lift the empty container 2.
如图3所示,集装箱2属于一种可拆卸、扣合式集装箱,具有空置集装箱2和装满货物集装箱2两种状态。包括集装箱底盘2-1和与其扣合的密封围栏2-2构成的密闭箱体,密封围栏2-2为框型结构,在框架四边底部设有连接销钉2-3,连接销钉2-3贯穿于密封围栏2-2与集装箱底盘2-1,通过销钉2-3上的螺纹锁紧,集装箱底盘2-1和密封围栏2-2通过四个连接销钉2-3连接成为一体;连为一体的集装箱2内部空间密封。在密闭箱体顶部设有横跨箱体的对称分布的集装箱吊环2-4,两个集装箱吊环2-4用于起重吊钩1-8勾吊集装箱。集装箱底盘边框中设有嵌入密封圈的密封槽。As shown in FIG. 3 , the container 2 is a detachable snap-fit container, and has two states: empty container 2 and full cargo container 2 . Including the airtight box composed of the container chassis 2-1 and the sealed fence 2-2 buckled with it, the sealed fence 2-2 is a frame structure, and connecting pins 2-3 are arranged at the bottom of the four sides of the frame, and the connecting pins 2-3 run through Because the sealing fence 2-2 and the container chassis 2-1 are locked by the threads on the pins 2-3, the container chassis 2-1 and the sealing fence 2-2 are connected into one body through four connecting pins 2-3; The inner space of the container 2 is sealed. The top of the airtight box body is provided with container rings 2-4 symmetrically distributed across the box body, and the two container rings 2-4 are used for lifting hooks 1-8 to hang the container. A sealing groove embedded with a sealing ring is arranged in the frame of the container chassis.
如图4所示,集装箱2的四个销钉2-3打开后,即可利用龙门行车勾吊1-8钩挂集装箱吊环2-4,吊离密封围栏2-2,将集装箱底盘2-1留在辅助装车机组3的辅助装车机底盘3-1上。As shown in Figure 4, after the four pins 2-3 of the container 2 are opened, the container suspension ring 2-4 can be hooked with the gantry crane hook 1-8, lifted away from the sealing fence 2-2, and the container chassis 2-1 Stay on the auxiliary loading machine chassis 3-1 of the auxiliary loading unit 3.
如图5所示,辅助装车机组3由若干个移动轮机组3-2搭载的辅助装车机底盘3-1,在辅助装车机底盘3-1上表面四个角上分别设有与连接销钉相配合的销钉开合组件3-3,用于实现集装箱的自动拆分和扣合。辅助装车机组3负责脱离集装箱2的连接销钉2-3;满载货物后,辅助装车机组3负责插合集装箱2的连接销钉2-3。As shown in Figure 5, the auxiliary loading machine unit 3 is equipped with auxiliary loading machine chassis 3-1 carried by several moving wheel sets 3-2, and four corners on the upper surface of the auxiliary loading machine chassis 3-1 are respectively provided with The pin opening and closing assembly 3-3 matched with the connecting pin is used to realize the automatic disassembly and fastening of the container. The auxiliary loading unit 3 is responsible for disengaging the connecting pin 2-3 of the container 2; after the cargo is fully loaded, the auxiliary loading unit 3 is responsible for inserting the connecting pin 2-3 of the container 2.
如图6所示,双工位码垛系统4包括与袋装物料来料区连接的主皮带线4-1,和与主皮带线对接的两个辅皮带线4-2,在各辅皮带线的端部设有码垛机器人4-3,在每个码垛机器人上方均设置双目视觉组件Ⅱ4-4。辅助装车机组3运载集装箱底盘2-1至双工位码垛系统4的码垛走廊内;控制系统控制辅助装车机组3的间歇移动,双工位码垛系统4实现整个集装箱底盘2-1的物料堆放。As shown in Figure 6, the double-station palletizing system 4 includes a main belt line 4-1 connected to the bagged material incoming area, and two auxiliary belt lines 4-2 connected to the main belt line. A palletizing robot 4-3 is provided at the end of the line, and a binocular vision component II 4-4 is provided above each palletizing robot. The auxiliary loading unit 3 carries the container chassis 2-1 to the stacking corridor of the double-station palletizing system 4; the control system controls the intermittent movement of the auxiliary loading unit 3, and the double-station palletizing system 4 realizes the entire container chassis 2-1 1 material stacking.
本发明袋装物料的集装箱装车及储存方法,包括如下步骤:The container loading and storage method of bagged materials of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1)控制系统9控制装车机组3运动到龙门行车1的有效工作范围内;1) The control system 9 controls the loading unit 3 to move to the effective working range of the gantry crane 1;
2)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车1的车轮组1-2沿着地轨1-1运动到空闲集装箱2上方;2) The cab personnel control the wheel set 1-2 of the gantry traveling vehicle 1 to move to the top of the free container 2 along the ground rail 1-1;
3)龙门行车1采用双目视觉组件Ⅰ1-7进行起重吊钩1-8和集装箱吊钩2-4的自动识别和定位,控制系统9将双目视觉组件1-7采集的信息发送至龙门行车驾驶室内的显示屏,辅助驾驶室人员进行集装箱2吊挂;3) The gantry crane 1 uses the binocular vision component I1-7 to automatically identify and locate the lifting hook 1-8 and the container hook 2-4, and the control system 9 sends the information collected by the binocular vision component 1-7 to The display screen in the gantry driving cab assists the cab personnel to hang the container 2;
4)驾驶室人员控制行车车轮组1-2沿x方向位置调整和两个移动车组1-5沿y方向位置调整,控制起升组件1-6动作,使重吊钩1-8钩挂集装箱吊环2-4,吊起空闲集装箱2;龙门行车1的车轮组1-2沿着地轨1-1移动、两个移动车组1-5沿着y方向同步位置调整,将吊钩的集装箱2运动到辅助装车机组3的正上方;起升组件1-6控制起重吊钩1-8将集装箱2放置到辅助装车机组底盘3-1上;4) The cab personnel control the position adjustment of the driving wheel group 1-2 along the x direction and the position adjustment of the two mobile car groups 1-5 along the y direction, and control the movement of the lifting component 1-6 so that the heavy hook 1-8 is hooked The container lifting ring 2-4 lifts the idle container 2; the wheel group 1-2 of the gantry traveling vehicle 1 moves along the ground rail 1-1, and the two moving vehicle groups 1-5 adjust their positions synchronously along the y direction, and the container on the hook 2 Move to directly above the auxiliary loading unit 3; the lifting assembly 1-6 controls the lifting hook 1-8 to place the container 2 on the chassis 3-1 of the auxiliary loading unit;
5)驾驶室人员确认集装箱2放置到辅助装车机组底盘3-1上后,发送集装箱分离指令给控制系统9;5) After confirming that the container 2 is placed on the chassis 3-1 of the auxiliary loading unit, the operator in the cab sends a container separation command to the control system 9;
6)控制系统9控制辅助装车机3的四个销钉开合组件3-3同步脱离集装箱2的四个连接销钉2-3;6) The control system 9 controls the four pin opening and closing components 3-3 of the auxiliary loading machine 3 to be separated from the four connecting pins 2-3 of the container 2 synchronously;
7)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车1的起升组件1-6控制起重吊钩1-8将已经分离开的集装箱密封围栏2-2脱离集装箱底盘2-1;驾驶室人员控制车轮1-2组沿着地轨1-1运动离开辅助装车机组3的运行通道;7) The cab personnel control the lifting assembly 1-6 of the gantry crane 1 to control the lifting hook 1-8 to separate the separated container sealing fence 2-2 from the container chassis 2-1; the cab personnel control the wheels 1-2 The group moves along the ground rail 1-1 to leave the running channel of the auxiliary loading unit 3;
8)驾驶室人员确认已分离开的集装箱密封围栏2-2脱离集装箱底盘2-1,发送码垛指令给控制系统9;8) The operator in the driver's cab confirms that the separated container sealing fence 2-2 is separated from the container chassis 2-1, and sends a stacking instruction to the control system 9;
9)控制系统9控制辅助装车机组3运载集装箱底盘2-1至双工位码垛系统4的码垛走廊内;9) The control system 9 controls the auxiliary loading unit 3 to carry the container chassis 2-1 to the palletizing corridor of the double-station palletizing system 4;
10)双工位码垛系统4的主皮带线4-1、两条辅皮带4-2线将产线生产的袋装产品源源不断地分别运送至两台码垛机器人4-3的拾料位置;10) The main belt line 4-1 and two auxiliary belt lines 4-2 of the double-station palletizing system 4 continuously transport the bagged products produced by the production line to the pickers of the two palletizing robots 4-3 Location;
11)双工位码垛系统4的双目视觉组件Ⅱ4-4采集辅助装车机组3的图像,并传输给控制系统9,控制系统9通过图像处理、解算当前辅助装车机组3的位置,并控制其进行位置调整;控制系统9将辅助装车机组的位置信息发送至码垛机器人4-3,并控制码垛机器人4-3将袋装物料码放到辅助装车机组底盘3-1上面的集装箱底盘2-1上;11) The binocular vision component II4-4 of the double-station palletizing system 4 collects the image of the auxiliary loading unit 3 and transmits it to the control system 9, and the control system 9 calculates the current position of the auxiliary loading unit 3 through image processing , and control it to adjust its position; the control system 9 sends the position information of the auxiliary loading unit to the palletizing robot 4-3, and controls the palletizing robot 4-3 to put the bagged materials on the auxiliary loading unit chassis 3-1 On the container chassis 2-1 above;
12)控制系统9配合双目视觉组件Ⅱ4-4进行袋装物料、辅助装车机组上料垛的三维轮廓识别、位置检测和实时监控,进而通过控制两台码垛机器人4-3实现全自动码放袋装产品到集装箱底盘2-1上;控制辅助装车机组3的间歇移动,进而完成整个集装箱底盘2-1的物料堆放;12) The control system 9 cooperates with the binocular vision component II 4-4 to carry out the three-dimensional contour recognition, position detection and real-time monitoring of the bagged materials and auxiliary loading unit stacking, and then realizes full automation by controlling two palletizing robots 4-3 Stack the bagged products on the container chassis 2-1; control the intermittent movement of the auxiliary loading unit 3, and then complete the material stacking of the entire container chassis 2-1;
13)集装箱底盘2-1上物料堆放完成,控制系统9控制辅助装车机组3运动到龙门行车1的有效工作范围内;驾驶室人员控制龙门行车1运行到辅助装车机组3的上方,然后控制起升组件1-6使起重吊钩1-8将集装箱密封围栏2-2放置到已经满载物料的集装箱底盘2-1上;13) After the stacking of materials on the container chassis 2-1 is completed, the control system 9 controls the auxiliary loading unit 3 to move to the effective working range of the gantry crane 1; Control the lifting assembly 1-6 to make the lifting hook 1-8 place the container sealing fence 2-2 on the container chassis 2-1 that has been fully loaded with materials;
14)驾驶室人员确认集装箱密封围栏2-2已经放置到已经满载物料的集装箱底盘2-1上后,发送集装箱闭合指令给控制系统9;14) After the operator in the cab confirms that the container sealing fence 2-2 has been placed on the container chassis 2-1 that has been fully loaded with materials, he sends a container closing command to the control system 9;
15)控制系统9控制辅助装车机组3的四个销钉开合组件3-3同步插合集装箱2的四个连接销钉2-3;15) The control system 9 controls the four pin opening and closing components 3-3 of the auxiliary loading unit 3 to synchronously insert the four connecting pins 2-3 of the container 2;
16)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车1的起升组件1-6,使起重吊钩1-8将满载物料的封闭集装箱2吊起;然后控制龙门行车1的车轮组1-2沿着地轨1-1移动、两个移动车组1-5沿着y方向同步位置调整,将满载物料的封闭集装箱2运送至流转存储区5或者转移到待装货车7正上方;16) The operator in the cab controls the lifting assembly 1-6 of the gantry crane 1, so that the lifting hook 1-8 lifts the closed container 2 full of materials; -1 movement, the two moving vehicle groups 1-5 are adjusted synchronously along the y direction, and the closed container 2 full of materials is transported to the circulation storage area 5 or directly above the truck 7 to be loaded;
17)驾驶室人员控制龙门行车1的起升组件1-6,使起重吊钩1-8将集装箱2落下,将集装箱2放置在流转存储地面5上或者转移到待装货车7上;然后控制两个移动车组1-5进行y方向位置调整,控制起升组件1-6,使起重吊钩1-8与集装箱2脱离。17) The cab personnel control the lifting assembly 1-6 of the gantry crane 1, so that the lifting hook 1-8 will drop the container 2, place the container 2 on the circulation storage ground 5 or transfer it to the truck 7 to be loaded; then Control the two mobile vehicle groups 1-5 to adjust the position in the y direction, and control the lifting assembly 1-6 to separate the lifting hook 1-8 from the container 2.
本发明系统解决了现有装车系统装车效率低、转运不及时的产品的临时存储需要建应急存储仓库等技术问题,系统安全可靠、成本低,能够实现无人化作业,自动化程度高。The system of the present invention solves technical problems such as low loading efficiency of the existing loading system and the need to build an emergency storage warehouse for temporary storage of untimely products.
本发明并不局限于上述实施例,在本发明公开的技术方案的基础上,本领域的技术人员根据所公开的技术内容,不需要创造性的劳动就可以对其中的一些技术特征作出一些替换和变形,这些替换和变形均在本发明的保护范围内。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some replacements and modifications to some of the technical features according to the disclosed technical content without creative work. Deformation, these replacements and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
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Denomination of invention: A container loading and storage system and method for bagged materials Granted publication date: 20230602 Pledgee: Shaanxi qinnong Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Chang'an sub branch Pledgor: XI'AN ZHONGKE PHOTOELECTRIC PRECISION ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2025980021823 |