CN109314814B - Active noise reduction method and earphone - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of noise reduction, and provides an active noise reduction method and an earphone. The active noise reduction method comprises the following steps: when playing audio, acquiring a leakage audio signal, and acquiring an external noise signal (101) through a sound acquisition device positioned in the shell of the earphone; filtering a leakage audio signal in the external noise signal to obtain an actual noise signal (102); real-time noise reduction is performed based on the actual noise signal (103). By adopting the embodiment of the application, the earphone can actively reduce noise based on the actual noise signal which is purer and closer to the real situation so as to improve the playing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of noise reduction, in particular to an active noise reduction method and an earphone.
Background
With the continuous development of the electronic product market, people have higher and higher requirements on the sound quality of the earphones. However, the noise pollution in cities is more and more serious, music cannot be heard when a common earphone is used outdoors, and people can only hear the music by increasing the volume of the earphone playing the music to cover the noise. However, the method for increasing the playing volume of the earphone damages the hearing, so that the active noise reduction earphone is produced.
Most of the existing active noise reduction earphones utilize sound collection equipment located on an earphone shell to obtain external noise signals, and the collected external noise signals are subjected to phase inversion and then are superposed with played audio signals to realize active noise reduction. However, the inventors of the present patent application found that the prior art has at least the following problems:
in the process of actively reducing the noise of the earphone to play audio, a part of audio signals are inevitably leaked to the outside of the earphone and are acquired by the sound acquisition equipment, so that the external noise signals acquired by the sound acquisition equipment are doped with the part of the leaked audio signals, the external noise signals doped with the leaked audio signals are subjected to phase inversion and are superposed with the played audio signals, the tone quality of the audio is reduced, and the playing quality is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of some embodiments of the present application is to provide an active noise reduction method and an earphone, which aim to filter a leakage audio signal in an external noise signal, so that the earphone can actively reduce noise based on an actual noise signal that is purer and closer to a real situation, so as to improve playing quality.
The embodiment of the application provides an active noise reduction method, which comprises the following steps:
when playing audio, acquiring a leakage audio signal, and acquiring an external noise signal through a sound acquisition device positioned on the shell of the earphone;
filtering a leakage audio signal in an external noise signal to obtain an actual noise signal;
real-time noise reduction is performed based on the actual noise signal.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an active noise reduction earphone, including: at least one processor, a sound collection device in communication with the at least one processor, and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
the sound collection equipment is positioned on the shell of the earphone and used for acquiring an external noise signal;
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the active noise reduction method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the active noise reduction earphone can acquire the leakage audio signal when playing audio, so that the external noise signal acquired by the sound acquisition equipment is processed according to the acquired leakage audio signal, the leakage audio signal in the external noise signal is filtered, and the purer actual noise signal closer to the real situation is acquired. Therefore, the earphone can perform real-time noise reduction based on the acquired actual noise signal, thereby avoiding the condition that the audio is damaged due to noise reduction as much as possible and improving the playing quality.
In addition, the acquiring of the leakage audio signal specifically includes: acquiring an audio playing signal of an audio; and acquiring a leakage transfer function, and acquiring a leakage audio signal according to the leakage transfer function and the audio playing signal. Thus, a specific implementation of obtaining a leakage audio signal is provided.
In addition, the obtaining of the leakage transfer function specifically includes: adopting Least Mean Square (LMS) principle and array Hm(i) According to the formula
The formula err (m) ═ nmusic(m)-n'music(m) and formula Hm+1(i)＝Hm(i)+μSmusic(m-N + i) err (m), H corresponding to the condition that err (m) satisfies the preset conditionm(i) A value as a leakage transfer function at time m; wherein, n'music(m) represents the estimated leakage audio signal at time m; n is a positive integer; i represents the ith numerical value in N; smusic(m-N + i) represents the audio amplitude of the audio playing signal at the m-N + i moment; hm(i) A value representing the ith leakage transfer function at time m; err (m) represents the actual leakage audio signal nmusic(m) and estimated leakage audio signal n'music(m) error, μ represents the update step. Thus, array H is based on the initial settingsm(i) Logarithmic group Hm(i) And continuously correcting to obtain the most matched leakage transfer function under the current condition, and providing a basis for obtaining more accurate leakage audio signals, so that actual noise signals closer to the real condition can be obtained, and the playing quality is further improved.
In addition, before real-time noise reduction is performed based on the actual noise signal, the method further includes: acquiring the noise intensity actually transmitted to the eardrum corresponding to the actual noise signal; and judging whether the intensity of the noise actually transmitted to the eardrum is greater than or equal to a preset noise value or not. Therefore, a foundation is provided for real-time noise reduction of the active noise reduction earphone when the actual noise intensity transmitted to the eardrum is high, and power consumption can be reduced.
In addition, the active noise reduction method further comprises the following steps: acquiring product parameter information of the earphone; and setting a real-time noise reduction working clock according to the product parameter information of the earphone. Therefore, not only can the good playing quality of the earphone be ensured, but also the power consumption can be reduced.
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One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an active noise reduction method according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of an active noise reduction headphone according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of the noise control unit 12 according to the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an active noise reduction method according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an active noise reduction earphone according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
A first embodiment of the present application relates to an active noise reduction method, and a specific flow is shown in fig. 1. The active noise reduction method in this embodiment is implemented on an active noise reduction headphone, which includes: at least one processor, a sound collection device in communication with the at least one processor, and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; the sound collection equipment is positioned on the shell of the earphone and used for acquiring an external noise signal; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the active noise reduction method in the present embodiment.
The active noise reduction method in this embodiment is specifically described below, and includes the following steps:
In particular, the sound collection device of the earphone housing may be a microphone or an array of microphones. The audio playing signal of the audio to be played is known information for the active noise reduction headphone, so the way for the active noise reduction headphone to acquire the leaked audio signal may be: the active noise reduction earphone acquires an audio playing signal of audio and a leakage transfer function, so that the leakage audio signal is acquired according to the leakage transfer function and the audio playing signal.
More specifically, the technician may previously use a specialized instrument (e.g., a frequency response analyzer) to measure and acquire the leakage transfer function of the active noise reduction headphone, and previously store the acquired leakage transfer function in the memory of the active noise reduction headphone, so that the active noise reduction headphone acquires the leakage transfer function.
It should be noted that, assuming the leakage transfer function is denoted as H, the audio playback signal is denoted as M, and the leakage audio signal is denoted as nmusicThen can be according to formula nmusicAnd M H, calculating and acquiring the leakage audio signal.
And 102, filtering a leakage audio signal in the external noise signal to obtain an actual noise signal.
Specifically, assume that the actual noise signal is denoted as nrefAnd the external noise signal is denoted as nmicThen the actual noise signal, the leakage audio signalThe relationship with the external noise signal follows the following equation:
nref＝nmic-M*H。
more specifically, nmusicThe leakage audio signal acquired by the active noise reduction earphone may be n in the digital domainmusicFurthermore, the active noise reduction earphone can be provided with an analog-to-digital conversion device and a filter, so that the active noise reduction earphone converts the collected external noise signal into n of a digital domain by using the analog-to-digital conversion devicemicAnd using the above formula nref＝nmic-M H, obtaining the actual noise signal n in the digital domainref. Wherein, the active noise reduction earphone obtains the actual noise signal n in the digital domainrefThe leakage audio signal n of the digital domain can be convertedmusicAnd n of the digital domainmicSending the noise signal to a filter for filtering so as to obtain an actual noise signal nref。
It should be noted that the analog-to-Digital conversion device may be a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) device, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) device, etc., and the filter may be an FIR (Finite Impulse Response, FIR) filter or an IIR (Infinite Impulse Response, IIR) filter. In addition, the active noise reduction earphone in the prior art is generally provided with a filter, so that a technician can directly use the original filter of the active noise reduction earphone to filter the leaked audio signal, and can also separately add a filter to filter the leaked audio signal. The present embodiment is not limited to this.
And 103, carrying out real-time noise reduction based on the actual noise signal.
Specifically, the active noise reduction earphone performs phase inversion on an actual noise signal, and then superimposes the actual noise signal with a playing audio, so that active noise reduction is realized.
The following describes the implementation of the active noise reduction method in this embodiment of the active noise reduction headphone from the perspective of the functional module, taking the active noise reduction headphone as a feedforward active noise reduction headphone as an example:
as shown in fig. 2, the active noise reduction headphone includes: sound collection device 11, noise control unit 12, audio receiving unit 13, inverse noise generation unit 14, error processing unit 15, speaker system 16, error microphone collection unit 17. Wherein the sound collection device 11 is located in the earphone housing for acquiring an external noise signal. The noise control unit 12 is configured to process an external noise signal, filter a leakage audio signal in the external noise signal, and obtain an actual noise signal that is relatively pure and close to a real situation. The audio receiving unit 13 is configured to receive an audio playing signal. The inverse noise generating unit 14 is configured to invert the actual noise signal so that the inverted signal is superimposed on the audio playing signal acquired by the audio acquiring unit 13 to acquire the anti-noise audio signal. The speaker system 16 is located within the headset for playing the anti-noise audio signal. The error microphone collecting unit 17 is located inside the earphone and is used for picking up the audio signal after the sound and noise (here, the noise refers to the noise 202 that is leaked from the outside noise to the inside of the earphone) actually played by the speaker system 16 are cancelled, so that the error processing unit 15 generates an error signal and transmits the error signal to the reverse noise generating unit 14, and the reverse noise generating unit 14 obtains a more accurate anti-noise audio signal according to the error signal. Wherein a broken line 201 indicates a propagation path of the noise 2 to the sound collection device 11, 202 indicates a transmission path of the noise 2 to the human eardrum, and 203 indicates a leakage path of the speaker system 16 to the sound collection device 11.
The functions of the sound collection device 11 and the error microphone collection Unit 17 may be implemented by a microphone in the conventional sense (which may be an analog microphone or a digital microphone), and the functions of the noise control Unit 12, the audio receiving Unit 13, the inverse noise generation Unit 14, and the error processing Unit 15 may be implemented by digital devices, such as a DSP, an FPGA, and a micro control Unit MCU (MCU for short).
In this embodiment, the noise control unit 12 may be considered to include the following sub-units: an audio playback detection subunit 121, a leakage signal acquisition unit 122, and a leakage signal cancellation unit 123. The audio playback detection subunit 121 is configured to detect a state of the speaker system 16, and determine whether the speaker system 16 is playing audio. If the speaker system 16 is playing audio, the leakage signal acquiring unit 122 acquires a leakage audio signal, so that the leakage signal eliminating unit 123 filters the leakage audio signal from the external noise signal.
It should be noted that the feedforward active noise reduction earphone described above belongs to a closed-loop system, and achieves the purpose of noise reduction through a feedback manner, and since the reverse noise generation unit 14 in the present application performs phase inversion based on an actual noise signal that is relatively pure and close to a real situation, the active noise reduction method in the present application can also solve the unstable problem of the active noise reduction earphone in the prior art, and improve the stability of the active noise reduction earphone.
Compared with the prior art, the active noise reduction earphone can acquire the leakage audio signal when playing audio, so that the external noise signal acquired by the sound acquisition equipment is processed according to the acquired leakage audio signal, the leakage audio signal in the external noise signal is filtered, and the purer actual noise signal closer to the real condition is acquired. Therefore, the earphone can perform real-time noise reduction based on the acquired actual noise signal, thereby avoiding the condition that the audio is damaged due to noise reduction as much as possible and improving the playing quality.
It should be emphasized that all units referred to in this embodiment are logical units, and in practical applications, a logical unit may be one physical unit, may be a part of one physical unit, and may also be implemented by a combination of multiple physical units. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present invention, a unit which is not so closely related to solve the technical problem proposed by the present invention is not introduced in the present embodiment, but this does not indicate that there is no other unit in the present embodiment.
A second embodiment of the present application relates to an active noise reduction method. The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, with the main differences being: the way of obtaining the leakage transfer function is different, and the following description is made specifically:
in this embodiment, the manner for obtaining the leakage transfer function by the active noise reduction earphone is as follows: the active noise reduction earphone adopts the Least Mean Square (LMS) principle and an array Hm(i) According to the formula
The formula err (m) ═ nmusic(m)-n'music(m) and formula Hm+1(i)＝Hm(i)+μSmusic(m-N + i) err (m), H corresponding to the condition that err (m) satisfies the preset conditionm(i) As a leakage transfer function at time m;
wherein, n'music(m) represents the estimated leakage audio signal at time m; n is a positive integer; i represents the ith numerical value in N; smusic(m-N + i) represents the audio amplitude of the audio playing signal at the m-N + i moment; hm(i) Represents the ith leakage transfer function at time m; err (m) represents the actual leakage audio signal nmusic(m) and estimated leakage audio signal n'music(m) error, μ represents the update step.
It should be noted that the preset condition can be preset by a technician, for example, the preset condition can be err (m) and nmusic(m) is less than a predetermined threshold, or err (m)2And nmusic(m)2Is less than a preset threshold. For example, the preset threshold may be 0.001.
In particular, the value of N may be preset by a technician and stored in the active noise reduction headphone. The larger the value of N is set, the larger the power consumption of the active noise reduction earphone is, so that a technician may set the value of N according to an actual power consumption requirement, for example, N may be 40.
In this embodiment, the active noise reduction headphone uses the least mean square algorithm LMS to perform the initial setting of Hm(i) Continuously correcting so as to obtain H which is most matched with the current actual situationm(i) In that respect For example, the audio played by the active noise reduction earphone may be a preset audio, so that the active noise reduction earphone can play the preset audio convenientlyCarrying out Hm(i) So as to obtain the H which is most matched with the current practical situationm(i) For use in subsequently playing other audio. Therefore, the playing effect with better quality can be obtained, and H is not needed to be carried out when other audio is played subsequentlym(i) Thereby enabling to reduce power consumption. Or, the audio played by the active noise reduction earphone may also be the audio requested by the user, but the active noise reduction earphone plays the audio for H within a period of timem(i) The playing effect with better quality can be obtained by correcting, and the purpose of reducing power consumption is achieved. Of course, the active noise reduction earphone can also be used for H in real timem(i) And correcting to provide the best playing effect which can be provided by the current earphone. This embodiment does not correct for when the active noise reduction headphone is Hm(i) Any limitations are to be made.
Compared with the first embodiment, the active noise reduction earphone in the embodiment can acquire a leakage transfer function which is matched under the current condition, and provides a basis for acquiring more accurate leakage audio signals, so that actual noise signals which are closer to the real condition can be acquired, and the playing quality is further improved.
A third embodiment of the present application relates to an active noise reduction method, and a specific flow is shown in fig. 4. The third embodiment is improved on the basis of the first and second embodiments, and the main improvement lies in that: in the third embodiment of the present application, the active noise reduction earphone performs real-time noise reduction only when the intensity of noise actually transmitted to the eardrum is high, so that power consumption can be reduced. The following is specifically described:
and step 303, acquiring the noise intensity actually transmitted to the eardrum corresponding to the actual noise signal.
Specifically, the active noise reduction earphone acquires frequency information and intensity information of an actual noise signal, and calculates the noise intensity actually transmitted to the eardrum according to preset noise path loss information, the frequency information and the intensity information of the actual noise signal.
More specifically, the technician may measure In advance the intensity In of the actual noise signal acquired on a professional devicerefAnd the intensity of the noise In actually transmitted to the eardrumearThe relationship between them. Wherein the frequency range is assumed to be f in consideration of the difference in the intensity of the actual noise signal of different frequency componentsL,fH]The skilled person can use either chirp or logarithmic frequency modulation to map the frequency range fL,fH]Cut into several parts and numbered, i.e. several frequency points f are determined, In different frequency points can be obtainedearAnd InrefAnd In at different frequency points obtainedearAnd InrefAs the noise path loss information NPL in the present embodimentf(wherein NPL is a shorthand for Noise Path Loss Noise Path Loss).
More specifically, suppose NPLfFor the intensity In of the actual noise signal at different frequency pointsrefAnd the intensity of the noise In actually transmitted to the eardrumearRatio of between, then NPLfIs equal to
Due to NPLfPre-stored In the active noise reduction headphone as noise path loss information, InearIs equal to
Therefore, the noise intensity actually transmitted to the eardrum corresponding to the actual noise signal can be obtained.
It should be noted that fLAnd fHCan be selected by the technician according to the actual requirement, for example, the technician can select f according to the earphone characteristic and the noise reduction indexLAnd fH。
In step 304, it is determined whether the noise level actually delivered to the eardrum is greater than or equal to a predetermined noise level. If the output result of step 304 is yes, step 305 is executed, and if the output result of step 304 is no, the flow is ended.
Specifically, the preset noise value is input in advance by a technician and stored in the active noise reduction earphone, for example, the technician may set the preset noise value according to the comfort of human ears, for example, the preset noise value may be set to be less than or equal to 15 db.
Compared with the first and second embodiments, this embodiment is equivalent to two working modes set for the active noise reduction earphone: energy saving mode (no real-time noise reduction), noise reduction mode (real-time noise reduction). Therefore, the active noise reduction earphone determines the working mode according to the actual noise intensity transmitted to the eardrum, the power consumption can be reduced, and the service time of single charging of the portable equipment under the same electric quantity is prolonged.
A fourth embodiment of the present application relates to an active noise reduction method. The fourth embodiment is improved on the basis of the first, second or third embodiment, and the main improvement is that: in the fourth embodiment of the present application, the active noise reduction earphone further sets some clock parameters according to the actual situation of the earphone, which not only can ensure the good playing quality of the earphone, but also can reduce the power consumption. The following is specifically described:
specifically, the active noise reduction earphone also acquires product parameter information of the earphone, and sets a real-time noise reduction working clock according to the product parameter information of the earphone. The product parameter information of the earphone comprises one or any combination of the following information: device form, power supply mode.
More specifically, different types of devices (e.g., headsets, in-ear headsets) have different times at which noise is transmitted to the eardrum of a person. In addition, different power supply methods (e.g., battery power supply and external device power supply) of the earphones have different requirements for power consumption. Therefore, the active noise reduction earphone can set a working clock for real-time noise reduction according to the equipment form of the earphone, and the working clock corresponding to the earphone with longer time for transmitting noise to the eardrum is smaller, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the service time of single charging of the portable equipment under the same electric quantity is prolonged. Or the active noise reduction earphone can set a working clock for real-time noise reduction according to the power supply state of the earphone, so that the working clock corresponding to the earphone powered by the battery is smaller, the power consumption is reduced, and the service time of single charging of the portable equipment under the same electric quantity is prolonged.
Compared with the embodiment, the active noise reduction earphone sets the working clock for real-time noise reduction according to the product parameter information of the earphone, so that the good playing quality of the earphone can be ensured, and the power consumption can be reduced.
A fifth embodiment of the present application relates to an active noise reduction headphone, as shown in fig. 5, including: at least one processor, a sound collection device in communication with the at least one processor, and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; the sound collection equipment is positioned on the shell of the earphone and used for acquiring an external noise signal; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the active noise reduction method of the above method embodiments.
Where the memory 402 and the processor 401 are coupled by a bus, which may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges that couple one or more of the various circuits of the processor 401 and the memory 402 together. The processor 401 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing and may provide various functions including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. And memory 402 may be used to store data used by processor 401 in performing operations.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the earphone can actively reduce noise based on the actual noise signal which is purer and closer to the real situation so as to improve the playing quality.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer program realizes the above-described method embodiments when executed by a processor.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the earphone can actively reduce noise based on the actual noise signal which is purer and closer to the real situation so as to improve the playing quality.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the present application, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application in practice.
Claims (7)
1. An active noise reduction method, comprising:
when playing audio, acquiring a leakage audio signal, and acquiring an external noise signal through a sound acquisition device positioned on the shell of the earphone;
filtering the leakage audio signal in the external noise signal to obtain an actual noise signal;
performing real-time noise reduction based on the actual noise signal;
the acquiring of the leaked audio signal includes: acquiring an audio playing signal of the audio, acquiring a leakage transfer function, and acquiring the leakage audio signal according to the leakage transfer function and the audio playing signal;
the obtaining a leakage transfer function includes:
adopting Least Mean Square (LMS) principle and array Hm(i) According to the formula
The formula err (m) ═ nmusic(m)-n'music(m) and formula Hm+1(i)＝Hm(i)+μSmusic(m-N + i) err (m), H corresponding to the condition that err (m) meets the preset conditionm(i) A value of the leakage transfer function as time m;
wherein, n'music(m) represents the estimated leakage audio signal at time m; n is a positive integer; i represents the ith numerical value in N; smusic(m-N + i) represents the audio amplitude of the audio playing signal at the m-N + i moment; hm(i) A value representing the ith leakage transfer function at time m; err (m) represents the actual leakage audio signal nmusic(m) and estimated leakage audio signal n'music(m) the error between (m) and (m),μ represents an update step;
the predetermined conditions are err (m) and nmusic(m) the ratio is less than a preset threshold; or, the preset condition is err (m)2And nmusic(m)2Is less than a preset threshold.
2. The active noise reduction method of claim 1, wherein prior to performing real-time noise reduction based on the actual noise signal, further comprising:
acquiring the noise intensity actually transmitted to the eardrum corresponding to the actual noise signal;
and judging whether the intensity of the noise actually transmitted to the eardrum is greater than or equal to a preset noise value or not.
3. The active noise reduction method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the actual noise intensity delivered to the eardrum corresponding to the actual noise signal specifically includes:
acquiring frequency information and intensity information of the actual noise signal;
and calculating the noise intensity actually transmitted to the eardrum according to preset noise path loss information, the frequency information and the intensity information of the actual noise signal.
4. The active noise reduction method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the predetermined noise value is less than or equal to 15 decibels.
5. The active noise reduction method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring product parameter information of the earphone;
and setting the real-time noise reduction working clock according to the product parameter information of the earphone.
6. The active noise reduction method of claim 5, wherein the product parameter information of the headset comprises one or any combination of the following information: device form, power supply mode.
7. An active noise reduction earphone, comprising: at least one processor, a sound collection device in communication with the at least one processor, and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
the sound collection equipment is positioned on the shell of the earphone and used for acquiring an external noise signal;
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the active noise reduction method of any of claims 1 to 6.
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| PCT/CN2018/105035 WO2020051769A1 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Active noise cancelling method and headset |
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| CN111757211B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-07-22 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Noise reduction method, terminal device and storage medium |
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