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CN109298606A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109298606A
CN109298606A CN201810781714.9A CN201810781714A CN109298606A CN 109298606 A CN109298606 A CN 109298606A CN 201810781714 A CN201810781714 A CN 201810781714A CN 109298606 A CN109298606 A CN 109298606A
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China
Prior art keywords
ring
photosensitive layer
several
image
supporting body
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Granted
Application number
CN201810781714.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109298606B (en
Inventor
大路喜郎
大路喜一郎
清水智文
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Kyocera Document Solutions Inc
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Kyocera Document Solutions Inc
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Publication of CN109298606A publication Critical patent/CN109298606A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
    • G03G21/18—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements using a processing cartridge, whereby the process cartridge comprises at least two image processing means in a single unit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides Electrophtography photosensor, handle box and image forming apparatus.Electrophtography photosensor has conductive base and photosensitive layer.Conductive base includes aluminum or aluminum alloy.Photosensitive layer is the photosensitive layer of single layer.Photosensitive layer includes charge producing agent, cavity conveying agent, electron transporting agent, binding resin and additive.Additive includes carboxylic acid anhydrides.The changing value of relative dielectric constant is 1.00 or more.The changing value of relative dielectric constant is obtained as follows, that is, charges photosensitive layer, and with 1.2 μ J/cm of wavelength 780nm and light exposure2The photosensitive layer that has charged of light irradiation be exposed, calculate several relative dielectric constants when flowing into -10 μ A of -30 μ A or more electric current below in exposure area, find out the difference of the maxima and minima of relative dielectric constant, be the changing value of relative dielectric constant.

Description

Electrophtography photosensor, handle box and image forming apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to Electrophtography photosensor, handle box and image forming apparatuses.
Background technique
Electrophtography photosensor is used as the image forming apparatus as supporting body, for electrofax mode (for example, printing dress Set or all-in-one multifunctional machine) in.Generally, Electrophtography photosensor has photosensitive layer.Photosensitive layer is for example generated containing: charge Agent, charge agent delivery (more specifically, cavity conveying agent or electron transporting agent) and the resin (binding resin) for bonding them.Example Such as, Electrophtography photosensor contains charge producing agent and charge agent delivery in same layer (photosensitive layer), and the layer has charge It generates and charge conveys both functions.Such Electrophtography photosensor is known as mono-layer electronic photographic photoreceptor.
The electron transporting agent of Electrophtography photosensor it has been known that there is a kind of succinic acid compound anhydride with specific structure.
Summary of the invention
However, but can't improve enough Electrophtography photosensor by the succinic acid compound anhydride with specific structure Toner image transferability.
The present invention is in view of above-mentioned technical problem, and its purpose is to provide the electronic photographic sensitives that toner image transferability is excellent Body.Also, the purpose of the present invention is to provide handle boxes and image forming apparatus that toner image transferability is excellent.
Electrophtography photosensor of the invention has conductive base and photosensitive layer.The conductive base includes aluminium or aluminium Alloy.The photosensitive layer is the photosensitive layer of single layer.The photosensitive layer includes: charge producing agent, cavity conveying agent, electron transport Agent, binding resin and additive.The additive includes carboxylic acid anhydrides.The changing value of relative dielectric constant is 1.00 or more.It is described The changing value of relative dielectric constant obtains as described below, that is, charges the photosensitive layer, and with wavelength 780nm and light exposure 1.2 μJ/cm2The photosensitive layer that has charged of light irradiation be exposed, calculate and flow into -30 μ A or more -10 μ A or less in exposure area Electric current when several relative dielectric constants, find out the difference of the maxima and minima of relative dielectric constant, be exactly the phase To the changing value of dielectric constant.
Handle box of the invention has above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor.
Image forming apparatus of the invention has: as supporting body, electro-mechanical part, exposure portion, development section and transfer section.The picture Supporting body is above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor.The electro-mechanical part charges the surface as supporting body.The electro-mechanical part Electrification polarity is positive polarity.The exposure portion exposes the surface as supporting body charged, latent to form electrostatic Picture.The latent electrostatic image developing is toner image by the development section.The transfer section holds the toner image from the picture The surface transfer of carrier is to recording medium.
The toner image transferability of Electrophtography photosensor of the invention is excellent.Also, handle box and image of the invention The toner image transferability for forming device is excellent.
Detailed description of the invention
(a), (b) in Fig. 1 and (c) be Electrophtography photosensor involved in first embodiment structure it is schematic Cross-sectional view.
Fig. 2 indicates measuring device.
Fig. 3 is the structure overview of image forming apparatus involved in second embodiment.
Fig. 4 expression produces the undesirable image of image.
Fig. 5 indicates evaluation image.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, detailed description of embodiments of the present invention.But, the present invention is not by any of following embodiments Limitation.Within the scope of the purpose of the present invention, the present invention can be carried out suitably changing later implementation.In addition, for repeated explanation Place, the case where there are appropriate omissions, but therefore do not limit the main idea of invention.
Hereinafter, being referred to as the compound and its derivative plus " class " after compound name sometimes.In addition, in chemical combination Name be referred to as after plus " class " come in the case where indicating polymer name, indicate the repetitive unit of polymer be originated from the compound or Its derivative of person.The base of the basis representation " can be replaced by so-and-so base " of " can have so-and-so base ", the base table of " with so-and-so base " Show that the base of " being replaced by so-and-so base ", the base of the basis representation " can be replaced by halogen atom " of " can have halogen atom " " have The base of the basis representation " being replaced by halogen atom " of halogen atom ".
Hereinafter, if not specially provided, halogen atom, hetero atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C5 alkyl, C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C4 Alkynyl, C6-C14 aryl, C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring, C3-C14 aromatic heterocycle, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C3 alkoxy distinguish table Show following meaning.
Halogen atom is for example: fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom or iodine atom.
Hetero atom is for example: oxygen atom, nitrogen-atoms or sulphur atom.
C1-C6 alkyl is straight-chain or branched, and is unsubstituted.C1-C6 alkyl is for example: methyl, ethyl, just Propyl, isopropyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, isopentyl, neopentyl or n-hexyl.
C1-C5 alkyl is straight-chain or branched, and is unsubstituted.C1-C5 alkyl is for example: methyl, ethyl, just Propyl, isopropyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, isopentyl or neopentyl.
C1-C3 alkyl is straight-chain or branched, and is unsubstituted.C1-C3 alkyl is for example: methyl, ethyl, just Propyl or isopropyl.
C2-C4 alkynyl is unsubstituted.C2-C4 alkynyl is for example: acetenyl, propinyl are (more specifically, propyl- 1- alkynes -1- base (Prop-1-yn-1-yl) or propyl- 2- alkynes -1- base (Prop-2-yn-1-yl)) or butynyl (more specifically, butyl- 1- alkynes -1- base (But-l-yn-l-yl), butyl- 1- alkynes -2- base (But-l-yn-2-yl) or butyl- 2- alkynes -1- base (But-2-yn-1-yl) etc.).
C6-C14 aryl is unsubstituted.C6-C14 aryl is for example: unsubstituted C6-C14 aromatic monocyclic alkyl, without taking The bicyclic alkyl of C6-C14 aromatic condensation in generation or unsubstituted C6-C14 aromatic condensation tricyclic hydrocarbyl.C6-C14 aryl example Such as: phenyl, naphthalene, anthryl or phenanthryl.
C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring is unsubstituted.C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring is for example: phenyl ring, naphthalene nucleus, anthracene nucleus or phenanthrene ring.
C3-C14 aromatic heterocycle is unsubstituted, and includes 1 or several hetero atoms.C3-C14 aromatic heterocycle is for example single Ring or polycyclic aromatic heterocycle.The aromatic heterocycle of monocycle is for example: pyrrole ring, furan nucleus, thiphene ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, oxazole Ring, isozole ring, thiazole ring, isothiazole ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring or pyridine ring.Polycyclic aromatic heterocycle is for example: quinoline ring, Isoquinolin ring, indole ring, benzofuran ring or acridine ring.
C1-C6 alkoxy is straight-chain or branched, and is unsubstituted.C1-C6 Alkoxy is such as: methoxyl group, Ethyoxyl, positive propoxy, isopropoxy, n- butoxy, s- butoxy, t- butoxy, n- amoxy, t- amoxy or the own oxygen of n- Base.
C1-C3 alkoxy is straight-chain or branched, and is unsubstituted.C1-C3 Alkoxy is such as: methoxyl group, Ethyoxyl, positive propoxy or isopropoxy.
<first embodiment: Electrophtography photosensor>
Referring to Fig.1, to Electrophtography photosensor involved in first embodiment (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as photoreceptor) Structure is illustrated.Fig. 1 is the schematic cross sectional views of the structure of photoreceptor 1.Photoreceptor 1 has conductive base 2 and photosensitive layer 3.Photosensitive layer 3 is the photosensitive layer 3 of single layer.Photosensitive layer 3 is directly or indirectly set on conductive base 2.For example, such as Fig. 1 (a) Shown, photosensitive layer 3 can be directly arranged on conductive base 2.For example, as shown in Fig. 1 (b), middle layer 4 be can be set in leading Between electrical matrix 2 and photosensitive layer 3.In addition, it is exposed that photosensitive layer 3 can be used as outermost layer as shown in Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b).Such as Shown in Fig. 1 (c), can have protective layer 5 on photosensitive layer 3.
The toner image transferability of photoreceptor 1 involved in first embodiment is excellent.Its reason is presumed as follows.
Firstly, in order to make it easy to understand, the reduction to transferability is illustrated.The image forming apparatus example of electrofax mode Such as have: as supporting body (photoreceptor), electro-mechanical part, exposure portion, development section and transfer section.Transfer section makes toner image from photoreceptor 1 is transferred to recording medium.The polarity transfer bias opposite with toner image is applied in transfer section.In this case, working as photoreceptor 1 The surface potential (post-exposure electrical potential) of exposure area when reducing when -30V (for example, post-exposure electrical potential be less than), electrostatic attraction holds Easily act between toner image and photosensitive layer surface 3a.Then, the toner image transfer efficiency from photoreceptor 1 to recording medium It is likely to decrease.The reduction of such toner image transferability be particularly susceptible high temperature and humidity (more specifically, 32.5 DEG C of temperature and Relative humidity 80%RH) occur under environment.
In photoreceptor 1 involved in first embodiment, photosensitive layer 3 containing carboxylic acid anhydrides as additive, photosensitive layer 3 The changing value of relative dielectric constant is 1.00 or more.When photosensitive layer 3 containing carboxylic acid anhydrides as additive, and the phase of photosensitive layer 3 When changing value to dielectric constant is 1.00 or more, even if being applied transfer bias in transfer section, the surface potential of photosensitive layer 3 It is difficult to charge polarity opposite with toner image.In this case, electrostatic attraction is difficult to act on the surface potential and tune of photosensitive layer 3 Between toner picture.Accordingly, it is believed that the toner image transferability of photoreceptor 1 involved in first embodiment is excellent.
(changing value of relative dielectric constant)
The changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer 3 be 1.00 or more, preferably 1.60 or more, more preferably 1.60 with Upper 7.00 or less.
The changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer 3 is obtained as follows, that is, is charged photosensitive layer 3, and is used wavelength 1.2 μ J/cm of 780nm and light exposure2The photosensitive layer 3 that has charged of light irradiation be exposed, calculate and flow into -30 μ A in exposure area Several relative dielectric constants when -10 μ A electric current below above, find out relative dielectric constant maxima and minima it Difference is the changing value of relative dielectric constant.In addition, exposure area refers to: on the surface of photosensitive layer 3, with wavelength 780nm and exposure 1.2 μ J/cm of light quantity2Exposure used in the region irradiated of light.
The calculation method of the changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer 3 is described in detail.Opposite Jie of photosensitive layer 3 The changing value Δ ε of electric constantrIt is calculated by formula (1).
The changing value Δ ε of relative dielectric constantr=εr MAX-εr MIN……(1)
In formula (1), εr MAXAnd εr MINIt is calculated when being applied to the negative current of photosensitive layer surface 3a if being illustrated respectively in change Dry relative dielectric constant εrIn maximum value and minimum value.
Relative dielectric constant εrIt is indicated by formula (2).
[number 1]
In formula (2), Q indicates the photosensitive layer surface 3a by there is grid electrode type electro-mechanical part (Scorotron) to charge Required area S in electricity (drum electricity, unit: μ C).D indicates the film thickness (unit: μm) of photosensitive layer 3.S indicates photosensitive layer table Required area (the 388.55cm charged in the 3a of face2).V is indicated by there is grid electrode type electro-mechanical part (Scorotron) electrification Photosensitive layer 3 surface potential (electric potential V0) exposed with the photosensitive layer 3 that has charged after electronegative photosensitive layer 3 surface Current potential (current potential V after transfert) difference (V0-Vt)。ε0Indicate the dielectric constant of vacuum.
The film thickness of photosensitive layer 3 uses film thickness measurement device (HELMUTFISCHER company manufacture " FISCHERSCOPE (Japan Registered trademark) mms (Japan registration trade mark) ") to measure, and measured at 23 DEG C of temperature and relative humidity 50%RH.
With small portable galvanometer potentiometer, (Yokogawa Test&Measurement company manufactures electricity Q " 2051 type ") it measures.The high pressure substrate that small portable galvanometer is connected in series in valuator device is said with aftermentioned based on Fig. 2 Between bright negative charging roller, measured so that the state of electricity of photosensitive layer surface 3a can be monitored at any time in image formation, Also, it is measured at 23 DEG C of temperature and relative humidity 50%RH.
Electric potential V0And current potential V after transfertIt is measured using measuring device shown in Fig. 2.Fig. 2 indicates measuring device 20. Measuring device 20 has: having the 10, first potential probes 12 of grid electrode type electro-mechanical part (Scorotron), exposing unit 14, negative band Electric roller 16 and the second potential probes 18.Photoreceptor 1 is set to measuring device 20.In measuring device 20, to there is grid electrode type band It on the basis of electric portion (Scorotron) 10, is respectively set along the direction of rotation of photoreceptor 1: the first potential probes 12, exposing unit 14, negative charging roller 16 and the second potential probes 18.Also, measuring environment is 23 DEG C of temperature and relative humidity 50%RH.
More specifically, above-mentioned all parts in device are for example following to be configured (starting point-terminal: required time).Electrification The first measurement position of position A- B:0.092 seconds；First measurement position B- exposure position C:0.092 seconds；Exposure position C- band current potential It sets D:0.084 seconds.Required time indicates: when photoreceptor 1 is rotated with the revolving speed of 109rpm, the given zone of photosensitive layer surface 3a Domain passes through the time of above-mentioned (origin-to-destinations) at 2 points.
Indicated with electric position A: the line segment of the rotation center O of photoreceptor 1 to the electric wire W for having grid electrode type electro-mechanical part 10 and Intersection point between photosensitive layer surface 3a.First measurement position B indicates the surface potential of the first potential probes 12 measurement photosensitive layer 3 Position.Exposure position C is indicated: exposing unit 14 light shines the position being exposed on photosensitive layer surface 3a.Band electric position D Indicate the contact point between photoreceptor 1 and negative charging roller 16.Second measurement position E is indicated: the second potential probes 18 measure photosensitive The position of the surface potential of layer 3.
There is grid electrode type electro-mechanical part 10 to make photosensitive layer surface 3a electrification at positive polarity.The inflow electric current of electric wire W is 180 μ A.Grid voltage is 540V.First potential probes 12 (Monroe electronics, inc. manufactures " MODEL1017AS ") measurement The surface potential of photosensitive layer 3 after electrification.Exposing unit 14 exposes the photosensitive layer surface 3a charged.Exposure light used Wavelength is 780nm.The light exposure of exposure light used is 1.2 μ J/cm2.Negative charging roller 16 keeps photosensitive layer surface 3a negatively charged.Stream Entering electric current is -30 μ A or more -10 μ A or less.Second potential probes, 18 (Monroe electronics, inc. manufacture " MODEL1017AS ") measurement it is negatively charged after photosensitive layer 3 surface potential.
Measurement have passed through current potential after the electric potential after first step, the second step and the third step and transfer, can obtain To electric potential V0And current potential V after transfert.In first step, during photoreceptor 1 rotates 1 time (1 circle), only make have grid electric Polar form electro-mechanical part 10 charges, and makes 5 circle of the rotation of photoreceptor 1.In the second step, after first step, in 1 circle of the rotation of photoreceptor 1 Period carries out grid electrode type electro-mechanical part 10 to 14 pairs of photosensitive layers charged of electrification and exposing unit of photosensitive layer surface 3a The exposure of surface 3a makes 10 circle of the rotation of photoreceptor 1.In the third step, after the second step, in the phase of 1 circle of the rotation of photoreceptor 1 Between, grid electrode type electro-mechanical part 10 is carried out to the electrification of photosensitive layer surface 3a, 14 pairs of the exposing unit photosensitive layer tables charged The exposure of face 3a and negative charging roller are negatively charged to the photosensitive layer surface 3a exposed, make 5 circle of the rotation of photoreceptor 1.
After by there is grid electrode type electro-mechanical part 10 to charge photosensitive layer surface 3a at positive polarity, with the first potential probes 12 pairs of electric potentials that have passed through after first step~the third step measure.The inflow electric current of electric wire is 180 μ A.Grid electricity Pressure is 540V.
By there is grid electrode type electro-mechanical part 10 to charge photosensitive layer surface 3a, exposed by exposing unit 14, and lead to Cross negative charging roller 16 it is negatively charged after, with the second potential probes 18, after to have passed through the exposure after first step~the third step Current potential measures.The wavelength of exposure light used is 780nm.The light exposure of exposure light used is 1.2 μ J/cm2。
Change it is negatively charged during application electric current (- 10 μ A, -15 μ A, -20 μ A, -25 μ μ of A and -30 A), measurement is each respectively Apply the electric potential V of electric current0And current potential V after transfert。
[conductive base]
Conductive base 2 includes aluminum or aluminum alloy.Conductive base 2 because containing aluminum or aluminum alloy, often improve charge from Movement of the photosensitive layer 3 to conductive base 2.Aluminium alloy is the alloy of the element other than aluminium and aluminium.Element other than aluminium is for example: manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti) or zinc (Zn).Element in aluminium alloy other than aluminium can Individually containing a kind in these elements, two or more can also be contained.Aluminium alloy is for example: Al-Mn class alloy (No. JIS3000 Class), Al-Mg class alloy (JIS5000 class) or Al-Mg-Si class alloy (JIS6000 class).
The surface of conductive base 2 can the oxidation film containing aluminium or aluminium alloy oxidation film.The oxidation film or aluminium of aluminium close The oxidation film of gold for example carries out oxidation processes by the surface to conductive base 2 to be formed.
The shape of conductive base 2 can be properly selected according to the structure of used image forming apparatus.It is conductive The shape such as sheet or drum type of property matrix 2.In addition, the thickness of conductive base 2 can be according to the shape of conductive base 2 To properly select.
[photosensitive layer]
Photosensitive layer 3 includes charge producing agent, cavity conveying agent, electron transporting agent, binding resin and additive.Additive contains There is carboxylic acid anhydrides.Photosensitive layer 3 as needed, can contain the additive other than carboxylic acid anhydrides.Hereinafter, to carboxylic acid anhydrides, charge producing agent, Electron transporting agent, cavity conveying agent, binding resin and additive (additive other than carboxylic acid anhydrides) are illustrated.
(carboxylic acid anhydrides)
Carboxylic acid anhydrides' carboxylic acid anhydrides as represented by general formula (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) (hereinafter, be recorded as respectively sometimes Carboxylic acid anhydrides (1)~(5)).
[changing 1]
In general formula (1), R1And R2Respectively independent, expression can have 1 or the C1-C6 alkyl of several halogen atoms.R1 With R2It may be the same or different.
In general formula (2), (3), (4) and (5), ring Y2, ring Y3, ring Y4A, ring Y4B, ring Y5AAnd ring Y5BIt is respectively independent, it is expressed as The nonaromatic heterocycles of the monocycle below of annular atom number 5 or more 7.Nonaromatic heterocycles contain 2 carbon atoms and 1 for the carboxyl being condensed A oxygen atom, as ring member nitrogen atoms.Nonaromatic heterocycles can also contain 1 or several are miscellaneous other than containing oxygen atom Atom is as ring member nitrogen atoms.Ring Y2Represented nonaromatic heterocycles have 1 or several first substituent groups.
Ring Y3, ring Y4A, ring Y4B, ring Y5AAnd ring Y5BRepresented nonaromatic heterocycles are respectively independent, if can have 1 or Dry the second substituent group.First substituent group and the second substituent group are respectively independent, and are halogen atom or C6-C14 aryl.Ring Y4AWith Ring Y4BIt may be the same or different.Ring Y5AWith ring Y5BIt may be the same or different.
Ring Z3, ring Z4, ring Z5AAnd ring Z5BIt is monocycle or polycyclic, is condensed respectively in ring Y3, ring Y4AWith ring Y4B, ring Y5AWith And Y5B, and be 1 or several C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring or C3-C14 aromatic heterocycle.Ring Z3, ring Z4, ring Z5AAnd ring Z5BIt can be with With 1 or several the 4th substituent groups.Wherein, as ring Z3When being aromatic heterocycle, ring Z3With the 4th substituent group.4th replaces Basis representation: C2-C4 alkynyl, C1-C6 alkyl, carboxyl, halogen atom or the nitro of C6-C14 aryl be can have.
X is indicated: can have 1 or methylene, carbonyl, sulfonyl, singly-bound, the chemical formula of several third substituent groups Bilvalent radical or oxygen atom represented by (5-1).Third replaces basis representation to can have 1 or the C1-C6 of several halogen atoms Alkyl.Also, the asterisk in chemical formula (5-1) indicates binding site.
[changing 2]
In general formula (4) and (5), ring Y4A, ring Y4B, ring Y5AAnd ring Y5BRepresented nonaromatic heterocycles include 2 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom is as ring member nitrogen atoms.That is, nonaromatic heterocycles are: the cycloalkyl ring below of ring member nitrogen atoms number 5 or more 7 Ring member nitrogen atoms in 3 carbon atoms by 2 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom instead of ring.Ring member nitrogen atoms number 5 or more 7 or less Monocycle cycloalkyl ring for example: pentamethylene ring, cyclohexane ring or cycloheptane ring.
2 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom possessed by nonaromatic heterocycles refer to: 2 carbon atoms of the carboxyl being condensed and 1 A oxygen atom, and be the atom at the position being condensed in carboxyl represented by chemical formula (5-3).Specifically, chemical formula (5- It 3) is the carbon atom and oxygen atom indicated with the circle of dotted line in.Nonaromatic heterocycles, can other than the oxygen atom in chemical formula (5-3) Further containing 1 or several hetero atoms (more specifically, nitrogen-atoms etc.) as ring member nitrogen atoms.
[changing 3]
Ring Z4It is and ring Y4AAnd ring Y4B1 be condensed or several C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon rings or C3-C14 fragrance are miscellaneous Ring, preferably 1 C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring.Ring Y4AAnd ring Y4BWith ring Z4The position being condensed can be double bond.
Ring Z5AAnd ring Z5BBe respectively with ring Y5AAnd ring Y5B1 be condensed or several C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon rings or C3- C14 aromatic heterocycle, preferably 1 C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring.Ring Y5AWith ring Z5AThe position of condensation can be double bond.Ring Y5BWith ring Z5BThe position of condensation can be double bond.
X is preferably to indicate: methylene, carbonyl, sulfonyl, singly-bound, chemical formula (5-1) institute with 2 third substituent groups The bilvalent radical or oxygen atom of expression.If third substituent group be more preferably indicate C1-C6 alkyl with 2 halogen atoms, with The C1-C3 alkyl of dry halogen atom further preferably indicates the methyl with several fluorine atoms.Also, chemical formula (5- 1) in the divalent substituent represented by, binding site is partially indicated shown in asterisk.
In general formula (4), it is preferred that ring Y4AAnd ring Y4BIndicate the nonaromatic heterocycles of the monocycle of ring member nitrogen atoms number 5 or 6, ring Z4Indicate phenyl ring or naphthalene nucleus.
Carboxylic acid anhydrides (4) is for example: carboxylic acid anhydrides represented by chemical formula (ADD-1), (ADD-2) or (ADD-5) is (hereinafter, sometimes It is recorded as carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1), (ADD-2) and (ADD-5) respectively).
[changing 4]
In general formula (5), it is preferred that ring Y5AAnd ring Y5BIndicate the nonaromatic heterocycles of ring member nitrogen atoms number 5, ring Z5AAnd ring Z5B Indicate that 1 phenyl ring, X indicate the methylene or singly-bound with 2 third substituent groups, third replaces basis representation to have several fluorine former The C1-C3 alkyl (more specifically, trifluoromethyl etc.) of son.
Carboxylic acid anhydrides represented by carboxylic acid anhydrides (5) such as general formula (5-2) (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as carboxylic acid anhydrides (5-2)).
[changing 5]
In general formula (5-2), X5Indicate the methylene or singly-bound with 2 third substituent groups.Third replaces basis representation to have The C1-C3 alkyl (more specifically, trifluoromethyl etc.) of several fluorine atoms.
Carboxylic acid anhydrides represented by carboxylic acid anhydrides (5) such as chemical formula (ADD-3) and (ADD-4) (hereinafter, be recorded as respectively sometimes Carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-3) and (ADD-4)).
[changing 6]
From the aspect of further increasing toner image transferability, in carboxylic acid anhydrides (1)~(5) preferably carboxylic acid anhydrides (4) and (5).It is further preferred that in general formula (4), ring Y4AAnd ring Y4BIndicate the nonaromatic heterocycles of the monocycle of ring member nitrogen atoms number 5 or 6, ring Z4 Indicate that phenyl ring or naphthalene nucleus, carboxylic acid anhydrides represented by general formula (5) are indicated with general formula (5-2), in general formula (5-2), X5Indicate that there are 2 The methylene or singly-bound of third substituent group, third replace basis representation with the C1-C3 alkyl of several fluorine atoms.
Relative to 100 mass parts of binding resin, the content of carboxylic acid anhydrides be preferably 0.20 mass parts or more, 7.00 mass parts with Under, it is more than further preferably 0.50 mass parts that 5.00 below the mass.
(charge producing agent)
As long as the charge producing agent of charge producing agent photoreceptor, is not particularly limited.Charge producing agent is for example: phthalocyanine Class pigment, pigment, disazo pigment, dithione pyrrolopyrrole (dithioketo-pyrrolopyrrole) pigment, without gold Belong to naphthalene phthalocyanine color, metal naphthalene phthalocyanine pigment, square acid color, trisazo pigment, indigo pigments, azulene pigment, cyanine pigment, nothing Powder, the pyralium salt, anthanthrene quinones of machine light-guide material (more specifically, selenium, selenium-tellurium, selenium-arsenic, cadmium sulfide or amorphous silicon etc.) Pigment, triphenylmethane pigment, intellectual circle's class pigment, toluene amines pigment, pyrazolines pigment or quinacridone-type pigments.
Metal-free phthalocyanine or metal phthalocyanine represented by phthalocyanine pigment such as chemical formula (CGM-1).Metal phthalocyanine is for example The phthalocyanine that titanyl phthalocyanine represented by chemical formula (CGM-2) or the metal other than titanium dioxide are coordinated is (more specifically, V Type hydroxy gallium phthalocyanine etc.).Phthalocyanine pigment can be crystallization, or noncrystalline.Crystal shape (the example of phthalocyanine pigment Such as, α type, β type or Y type) it is not particularly limited, the phthalocyanine pigment of various crystal shapes can be used.
[changing 7]
[changing 8]
The crystal of metal-free phthalocyanine for instance that the X-type crystal of metal-free phthalocyanine (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as X-type is without metal phthalein Cyanines).The crystal of titanyl phthalocyanine is for example: alpha type crystal, β type crystal or the Y type crystal of titanyl phthalocyanine.Photosensitive layer includes carboxylic acid anhydrides In the case where additive, charge producing agent is preferably metal-free phthalocyanine.
Both it can be used alone the charge producing agent that there is absorbing wavelength in desired region, can also combine two or more Charge producing agent come using.Digit optical formula image forming apparatus is for example: having used swashing for the light source of semiconductor laser etc Optical printer or facsimile machine.700nm above wavelength region is preferably used in the image forming apparatus of digit optical formula to be had The photoreceptor 1 of sensitivity.It is therefore preferable that being phthalocyanine pigment, more preferably metal-free phthalocyanine.Charge producing agent can individually make With one kind, two or more use can also be combined.
Applied to use short wavelength laser light source image forming apparatus in photoreceptor in, it is preferable to use anthanthrone Class pigment or class pigment, as charge producing agent.The wavelength of short wavelength laser for example included in 350nm or more 550nm with Under range in.
Relative to 100 mass parts of binding resin, the content of charge producing agent be preferably 0.1 mass parts or more, 50 mass parts with Under, it is more than more preferably 0.5 mass parts that 30 below the mass.
(cavity conveying agent)
Cavity conveying agent such as triphenylamine derivative；Diamine derivative (more specifically, N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl benzidine Derivative, N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl is to triphenylene diamines (N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl-p-terphenylene Diamine) derivative, N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl phenylenediamine derivative, N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl naphthylenediamine derivative, two (aminophenyl vinyl) benzene derivative or N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl phenanthrylene diamines (N, N, N ', N '-tetraphenyl Phenanthrylene diamine) derivative etc.)；Furodiazole compound is (more specifically, 2,5- bis- (4- methyl amino phenyls Base) -1,3,4- oxadiazoles etc.)；Styrene compound (more specifically, 9- (4- lignocaine styryl) anthracene etc.)；Carbazole Class compound (more specifically, polyvinyl carbazole etc.)；Organopolysilane compound；Pyrazoline compounds are (more specifically, 1- Phenyl -3- (to dimethylaminophenyl) pyrazoline etc.)；Hydrazone compounds；Benzazole compounds；Dislike azole compounds；Different evil Azole compounds；Thiazole compound；Thiadiazole compound；Glyoxaline compound；Pyrazole compound；Or triazole type chemical combination Object.These cavity conveying agent can be used alone, and can also combine two or more use.In these cavity conveying agent, The compound more preferably indicated by general formula (HTM).
[changing 9]
In general formula (HTM), R11、R12、R13And R14It is respectively independent, indicate C-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy.a11,a12, A13 and a14 is respectively independent, indicates 0 or more 5 integer below.Wherein, a11, a12, a13 and a14 are not all 0.A11 indicate 2 with In the case where upper 5 or less integer, several R11It can be the same or different.In the case that a12 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, Several R12It can be the same or different.In the case that a13 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, several R13It can be identical It can be different.In the case that a14 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, several R14It can be the same or different.
In general formula (HTM), R11、R12、R13And R14Represented C1-C6 alkoxy is preferably C1-C3 alkoxy, more preferably For methoxyl group.Al1, a12, a13 and a14 are respectively independent, preferably indicate 0 or 1, more preferably, a11 and a13 indicate 1 and a12 And a14 indicates that 0 or a11 and a13 indicates that 0 and a12 and a14 indicates 1.
The compound that cavity conveying agent represented by general formula (HTM) is for example indicated by chemical formula (HTM-1) is (hereinafter, sometimes It is recorded as cavity conveying agent (HTM-1)).
[changing 10]
Relative to 100 mass parts of binding resin, total content of cavity conveying agent is preferably 10 mass parts or more, 200 mass Part hereinafter, more than more preferably 10 mass parts 100 below the mass.
From the aspect of further increasing toner image transferability, cavity conveying agent contains relative to the quality of photosensitive layer Ratio is preferably 25 mass % or more, more preferably 30 mass % or more, further preferably 30 mass % or more, 50 mass % Below.
(electron transporting agent)
Electron transporting agent is for example: quinones, diimide compounds, hydrazone compounds, malononitrile derivative, Thiapyran class compound, trinitro- thioxanthene ketone class compound, 3,4,5,7- tetranitros -9-Fluorenone class compound, dinitro anthracene class Close object, dinitro acridine compound, tetracyanoethylene, 2,4,8- trinitro- thioxanthones, dinitrobenzene, dinitro acridine, amber Acid anhydrides, maleic anhydride or dibromomaleic acid acid anhydride.Quinones is for example: biphenyl quinones, azo quinones, anthraquinone Class compound, naphthoquinone compound, nitroanthracene quinones or dinitroanthraquinone class compound.These electron transporting agents can One kind is used alone, two or more use can also be combined.Preferably general formula (ETM) is represented in these electron transporting agents Compound.
[changing 11]
In general formula (ETM), R21And R22It is respectively independent, indicate C1-C6 alkyl or hydrogen atom.R23And R24It is respectively independent, it indicates C1-C6 alkyl.B23 and b24 is respectively independent, indicates 0 or more 4 integer below.B23 indicates the case where 2 or more 4 or less integer Under, several R23It can be the same or different.In the case that b24 indicates 2 or more 4 or less integers, several R24It can be identical It can also be different.
In general formula (ETM), R21And R22Preferably indicate C1-C5 alkyl, more preferably expression 1,1- dimethyl propyl.b23 And b24 preferably indicates 0.
Compound represented by electron transporting agent such as chemical formula (ETM-1) represented by general formula (ETM) is (hereinafter, sometimes It is recorded as electron transporting agent (ETM-1)).
[changing 12]
Relative to 100 mass parts of binding resin, the content of electron transporting agent be preferably 5 mass parts or more, 100 mass parts with Under, it is more than more preferably 10 mass parts that 80 below the mass.
(binding resin)
Binding resin is, for example: thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin or light-cured resin.Thermoplastic resin is for example: poly- Ester resin, polycarbonate resin, styrene resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, benzene second Alkene-acid/maleic acid copolymers, Styrene-acrylic copolymer, acrylic copolymer, polyvinyl resin, ethene-vinyl acetate Ester copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene resin, Corvic, acrylic resin, ionomer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymerization Object, alkyd resin, polyamide, polyurethane resin, polyarylate resin, polysulfone resin, diallyl phthalate third Ester resin, ketone resin, polyvinyl butyral resin or polyether resin.Thermosetting resin is for example: silicone resin, epoxy resin, Phenolic resin, Lauxite, melamine resin or other bridging properties thermosetting resin.Light-cured resin is for example: epoxy third Olefin(e) acid resin or polyurethane-acrylate copolymer.Above-mentioned resin can be used alone, and can also combine two or more make With.
It is preferably polycarbonate resin in these binding resins.When binding resin is polycarbonate resin, it is easy to get and adds Work, mechanical strength, optical property and wear resistance the excellent photosensitive layer of harmony.From the easy toning for improving photoreceptor It is preferably bisphenol Z type polycarbonate resin, bisphenol-c Z-type polycarbonate resin in polycarbonate resin from the aspect of agent is as transferability Rouge or bisphenol-c type polycarbonate resin, more preferably polycarbonate resin represented by chemical formula (Z), (C) or (CZ).Chemistry In formula (Z), (C) and (CZ), the subscript of repetitive unit is indicated: indicating the molal quantity of lower target repetitive unit relative in resin The molar fraction of the total mole number of repetitive unit.
[changing 13]
[changing 14]
[changing 15]
The viscosity average molecular weigh of binding resin is preferably 40,000 or more, more preferably 40,000 or more 52,500 or less.It is viscous When the viscosity average molecular weigh for tying resin is 40,000 or more, it is easy to improve the wear resistance of photoreceptor.Also, when gluing for binding resin When average molecular weight is 52,500 or less, binding resin is easily soluble in solvent, the viscosity of photosensitive layer coating fluid when forming photosensitive layer 3 It will not become excessively high.To photosensitive layer 3 easy to form.
(additive other than carboxylic acid anhydrides (1)~(5))
Additive other than carboxylic acid anhydrides (1)~(5) is for example: degradation inhibitor is (more specifically, antioxidant, free radical are caught Obtain agent, quencher or ultraviolet absorbing agent etc.), softening agent, surface modifier, incremental agent, thickener, dispersion stabilizer, wax, by Body, donor, surfactant, plasticizer, sensitizer or levelling agent.
(combination of material)
In photosensitive layer 3, it is preferred that carboxylic acid anhydrides is any one in carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1)~(ADD-5), and hole is defeated Sending agent is cavity conveying agent (HTM-1).In photosensitive layer 3, it is preferred that carboxylic acid anhydrides is in carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1)~(ADD-5) Any one, electron transporting agent is electron transporting agent (ETM-1).In photosensitive layer 3, it is preferred that carboxylic acid anhydrides is carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD- 1) any one in~(ADD-5), binding resin is polycarbonate resin represented by chemical formula (Z).It is excellent in photosensitive layer 3 Choosing, carboxylic acid anhydrides is any one in carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1)~(ADD-5), and charge producing agent is X-type metal-free phthalocyanine. In photosensitive layer 3, it is further preferred that carboxylic acid anhydrides is any one in carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1)~(ADD-5), charge producing agent is X Type metal-free phthalocyanine, cavity conveying agent are cavity conveying agent (HTM-1), and electron transporting agent is electron transporting agent (ETM-1), bonding Resin is polycarbonate resin represented by chemical formula (Z).
[middle layer]
Middle layer 4 (especially priming coat) is for example between conductive base 2 and photosensitive layer 3.Middle layer 4 for example containing Inorganic particle and resin (middle layer resin).It is believed that maintaining the generation for being able to suppress electric leakage due to there are middle layer 4 The state of insulation of this degree, also, keep the electric current flowing generated when exposure photoreceptor 1 smooth, so as to inhibit resistance Increase.
Inorganic particle is for example: the particle of metal (more specifically, aluminium, iron or copper etc.), metal oxide are (more specifically, two Titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, tin oxide or zinc oxide etc.) particle or nonmetal oxide (more specifically, silica Deng) particle.These inorganic particles can be used alone, and two or more can also be used in combination.
As long as middle layer resin can be used as being formed the resin of middle layer, it is not particularly limited.
Middle layer 4 can also contain additive.The additive of middle layer 4 is identical as the additive of photosensitive layer 3.[photoreceptor Manufacturing method]
Referring to Fig.1, the manufacturing method of photoreceptor 1 is illustrated.The manufacturing method of photoreceptor 1 includes that photosensitive layer forms work Sequence.Hereinafter, being illustrated to photosensitive layer formation process.
(photosensitive layer formation process)
In photosensitive layer formation process, photosensitive coated layer is with coating fluid (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as applying on conductive base 2 Cloth liquid), to form coated film.At least part of the solvent contained in removal coated film, to form photosensitive layer 3.Photosensitive layer shape At process for example comprising coating fluid preparation section, painting process and drying process.Hereinafter, to coating fluid preparation section, coating work Sequence and drying process are illustrated.
(coating fluid preparation section)
In coating fluid preparation section, coating fluid is prepared.Coating fluid at least contains: charge producing agent, cavity conveying agent, electronics Agent delivery, binding resin, carboxylic acid anhydrides and solvent as additive.Other additions can also be contained in coating fluid as needed Agent.Coating fluid for example can by by charge producing agent, cavity conveying agent, electron transporting agent, binding resin, as additive Carboxylic acid anhydrides and optional component are dissolved or dispersed in solvent to prepare.
As long as each ingredient contained in the solvent coating fluid contained in coating fluid can dissolve or disperse, without spy It does not limit.Solvent is for example: alcohol (more specifically, methanol, ethyl alcohol, isopropanol or butanol etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbon (more specifically, n-hexane, Octane or hexamethylene etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon (more specifically, benzene, toluene or dimethylbenzene etc.), halogenated hydrocarbon is (more specifically, dichloromethane Alkane, dichloroethanes, carbon tetrachloride or chlorobenzene etc.), ether is (more specifically, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether Or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether etc.), ketone (more specifically, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or cyclohexanone etc.), ester is (more specifically, ethyl acetate Or methyl acetate etc.), dimethylformaldehyde, n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide.These solvents can individually make With two or more use can also be combined.It is preferably non-halogenated solvent in these solvents.
Coating fluid is dissolved or dispersed in solvent by mixing each ingredient to prepare.Mixing, dissolution or dispersion are for example Ball mill, roller mill, ball mill, grater, paint shaker or ultrasonic disperser can be used.
In order to improve the dispersibility of each ingredient or be formed by the surface smoothness of each layer, coating fluid can for example contain Surfactant or levelling agent.
(painting process)
In painting process, coating fluid is applied on conductive base 2, forms coated film.Coating fluid is coated As long as coating fluid can be for example uniformly coated on conductive base 2 by method, it is not particularly limited.Coating method For instance that dip coating, spray coating method, spin-coating method or stick coating method.
From be easy the thickness of photosensitive layer 3 is adjusted to desired value from the aspect of, the method that coating fluid is coated is excellent It is selected as dip coating.In the case that painting process uses dip coating, conductive base 2 is impregnated in coating fluid in painting process.It connects , 2 pull-up of conductive base that will be impregnated from coating fluid.Coating fluid is coated on conductive base 2 as a result,.
(drying process)
In drying process, at least part of the solvent contained in coated film is removed.The solvent that will contain in coated film As long as at least part removal method method that the solvent in coating fluid can be made to evaporate, be not particularly limited.Removal Method is for instance that heating, decompression or heating are used in combination with decompression.More specifically, for example using high-temperature drier or being dried under reduced pressure The method that machine is heat-treated (heated-air drying).It is 40 DEG C or more 150 DEG C or less and the time is 3 that heat treatment condition, which is, for example, temperature, Minute or more 120 minutes or less.
In addition, the manufacturing method of photoreceptor is as needed, containing the process for forming middle layer and protective layer can also be formed Process in a process or two processes all include.Well-known method can be properly selected to form centre to realize The process of layer and the process for forming protective layer.
<second embodiment: image forming apparatus>
Referring to Fig. 3, a mode of image forming apparatus involved in second embodiment is illustrated.Fig. 3 is second One example diagram of image forming apparatus involved in embodiment.Image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment includes figure As forming unit 40.Image forming unit 40 has: as supporting body 30, electro-mechanical part 42, exposure portion 44, development section 46 and transfer section 48.As supporting body 30 is photoreceptor involved in first embodiment.Electro-mechanical part 42 charges the surface as supporting body 30.Electrification The electrification polarity in portion 42 is positive polarity." the electrification polarity of electro-mechanical part 42 be positive polarity " refers to that electro-mechanical part 42 makes as supporting body 30 Surface electrification is positive polarity.Exposure portion 44 make to have charged as the surface of supporting body 30 exposes, in the surface shape as supporting body 30 At electrostatic latent image.Latent electrostatic image developing is toner image by development section 46.Transfer section 48 makes toner image from as supporting body 30 Surface transfer is to recording medium M.Foregoing describe the summaries of image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment.
Image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment is capable of forming the excellent image of toner image transferability.It can To think that its reason is as follows: as described in the first embodiment, the toner image of photoreceptor involved in first embodiment turns Print property is excellent.Therefore, image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment is because having sense involved in first embodiment Body of light is as picture supporting body 30, so that toner image transferability is excellent.Hereinafter, figure caused by being reduced with toner image transferability As being illustrated for bad.
Hereinafter, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, further it is illustrated to producing the undesirable image of image.Fig. 4 is due to photosensitive The toner image transferability reduction of body leads to the undesirable image of image.Image 100 has region 102, region 104 and region 106. Region 102, region 104 and region 106 are comparable to the region of 1 circle as supporting body 30 respectively.The image 108 in region 102 wraps Containing rectangular solid image (image color 100%).Region 104 and region 106 are all the image (figures for designing upper whole face blank As concentration 0%).Along recording medium conveying direction a (conveying direction a), firstly, the image 108 of forming region 102, then, The blank image of forming region 104 eventually forms the blank image in region 106.The blank image in region 104 is comparable to as holding The image of lower 1 circle of carrier 30 as one kind.That is, with formed image 108 as supporting body 30 the 1st circle (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as Circle of origin) on the basis of, the blank image in region 104 be comparable to the 2nd circle as supporting body 30 image.The blank in region 106 Image be comparable to as supporting body 30 it is lower 1 circle image, be equivalent to from formed image 108 as supporting body 30 circle of origin Start the 3rd circle as supporting body 30 1 circle image.
The blank image in the region 110 in region 104 be since the circle of origin as supporting body 30 the 2nd circle in image 108 Corresponding image.The blank image in the region 112 in region 106 be since the circle of origin as supporting body 30 the 3rd circle in image 108 corresponding images.In this case, the image for reflecting image 108 is formed in region 110 and/or region 112, to generate Image is bad.Image is bad as supporting body 30 caused by being reduced as a result, due to the toner image transferability as supporting body 30 Perimeter be unit periodically generate.Reflect the image both ends easy to form in recording medium of image 108.It can recognize For this is to the stronger reason of the pressing force at the both ends of recording medium.Here, the both ends of recording medium are, for example, and record to be situated between In the region 110 of matter in the both ends (region 110L and region 110R) and region 112 of vertical direction b vertical direction b two End (region 112L and region 112R).In addition, vertical direction b is the direction vertical with conveying direction a.
Hereinafter, returning to Fig. 3, each of image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment is carried out specifically It is bright.As long as the image forming apparatus of 90 electrofax mode of image forming apparatus, is not particularly limited.Image forms dress Setting 90 for example can be monochrome image formation device, be also possible to color image forming device.Image forming apparatus 90 is colored In the case where image forming apparatus, image forming apparatus 90 is for example, by using series system.Hereinafter, image in a series arrangement is formed It is illustrated for device 90.
Image forming apparatus 90 uses direct transfer modes.Usually in the image forming apparatus using direct transfer modes In, toner image transferability is easily reduced, so that it is bad to be easy to produce the image caused by transferability reduction.However, second is real It applies image forming apparatus 90 involved by mode and has photoreceptor involved in first embodiment, as supporting body 30.The The toner image transferability of photoreceptor involved by one embodiment is excellent.Accordingly, it is believed that having involved by first embodiment And photoreceptor as supporting body 30 when, even if image forming apparatus 90 uses direct transfer modes, be also able to suppress tune Toner causes the image generated bad as the reduction of transferability.
Image forming apparatus 90 is also equipped with conveyer belt 50 and fixing section 52.
Image forming unit 40 forms image.Image forming unit 40 can by various colors image forming unit 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d are constituted.By each image forming unit 40a~40d, several color is (for example, black, cyan, magenta Color and yellow these four colors) toner image be successively overlapped in the recording medium M on conveyer belt 50.In addition, image forms dress Setting 90 is in the case that monochrome image forms device, and image forming apparatus 90 has image forming unit 40a, image forming unit 40b~40d is omitted.
Image forming unit 40 can also have cleaning part (not shown).Cleaning part such as cleaning scraper.As supporting body 30 It is set to the central location of image forming unit 40.As supporting body 30 is set as (counter clockwise direction) rotating in the direction of arrows. Around as supporting body 30, on the basis of electro-mechanical part 42, successively set since the upstream side of the direction of rotation as supporting body 30 Set electro-mechanical part 42, exposure portion 44, development section 46 and transfer section 48.In addition, image forming unit 40 can also have de-power unit (not Diagram).
Electro-mechanical part 42 is charged roller.Charged roller makes the surface as supporting body 30 by contacting with the surface as supporting body 30 Electrification.The voltage that electro-mechanical part 42 applies is not particularly limited.Electro-mechanical part 42 apply voltage such as DC voltage, alternating voltage or Overlapping voltage (voltage that alternating voltage is overlapped in DC voltage), more preferably DC voltage.DC voltage and alternating voltage or Overlapping voltage is compared, and has following advantages.When 42 application DC voltages of electro-mechanical part, due to being applied to the electricity as supporting body 30 Pressure value is certain, therefore is easy to make surface uniform charged as supporting body 30 to certain potentials.In addition, applying when electro-mechanical part 42 straight When galvanic electricity is pressed, trend that the abrasion loss of photosensitive layer is reduced.Thereby, it is possible to form preferable image.
Exposure portion 44 make to have charged as the surface of supporting body 30 exposes.It is formed as a result, on the surface as supporting body 30 quiet Electric sub-image.Electrostatic latent image is formed based on the image data for being input to image forming apparatus 90.
Latent electrostatic image developing is toner image by development section 46.In addition, development section 46 can be to the surface as supporting body 30 It is cleaned.That is, image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment can be using no scraper plate cleaner mode. In image forming apparatus using no scraper plate cleaner mode, in general, toner image transferability is easily reduced, because of the drop of transferability It is low and be easy to cause the undesirable generation of image.However, image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment has first in fact Photoreceptor involved in mode is applied as supporting body 30.Therefore, image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment Even if image is bad caused by being also able to suppress the reduction due to toner image transferability using no scraper plate cleaner mode.
In order to which development section 46 efficiently cleans the surface as supporting body 30, preferably meet following conditions (1) and condition (2)。
Condition (1): using contact visualization way, and as rotational speed difference is arranged between supporting body 30 and developer roll.
Condition (2): as the difference of the current potential of the surface potential and developing bias of supporting body 30 meets following formulas (2-1) and calculates Formula (2-2).
Surface potential (V) ... formula of current potential (V) < of 0 (V) < developing bias as the unexposed area of supporting body 30 (2-1)
Surface potential (V) > 0 (V) ... formula (2- of current potential (V) > of developing bias as the exposure area of supporting body 30 2)
In formula (2-1), as the surface potential (V) of the unexposed area of supporting body 30 is as not exposed in supporting body 30 The surface potential for the unexposed area that light portion 44 exposes.In formula (2-2), as the surface potential of the exposure area of supporting body 30 (V) it is surface potential as being exposed the exposure area that portion 44 has exposed in supporting body 30.In addition, in transfer section 48 by toner As after being transferred to recording medium M as supporting body 30, and electro-mechanical part 42 make the surface as supporting body 30 the electrification of next circle with Before, measurement is as the surface potential of the unexposed area of supporting body 30 and the surface potential of exposure area.
Using contacting visualization way shown in condition (1), and when as rotational speed difference is arranged between supporting body 30 and developer roll, As the surface of supporting body 30 is contacted with developer roll, as supporting body 30 surface residual component and the friction with developer roll by Removal.Image forming apparatus 90 involved in second embodiment can be using contact visualization way.Using contact visualization way Image forming apparatus 90 in, 46 one side of development section is contacted with the surface as supporting body 30, on one side by latent electrostatic image developing be adjust Toner picture.
As the revolving speed of supporting body 30 is preferably 350mm/ seconds 120mm/ seconds or more or less.The revolving speed of developer roll is preferably 700mm/ seconds 133mm/ seconds or more or less.In addition, as the revolving speed V of supporting body 30PWith the revolving speed V of developer rollDRatio it is preferably full Sufficient formula (1-1).When the ratio is other than 1, indicate as being provided with rotational speed difference between supporting body 30 and developer roll.
0.5≤VP/VD≤ 0.8 ... formula (1-1)
In condition (2), be with the electrification polarity of toner it is positively charged, the case where visualization way is discharged-area development mode is Example is illustrated.The current potential of the developing bias shown in condition (2) and as supporting body 30 surface potential between be arranged difference when, not In exposure area, because the current potential of surface potential (electric potential) and developing bias as supporting body 30 meets formula (2-1), institute With, act on remaining toner (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as remaining toner) and as supporting body 30 unexposed area between Electrostatic repulsion forces be greater than and act on electrostatic repulsion forces between remaining toner and developer roll.Therefore, remaining toner is from picture The surface of supporting body 30 is moved to developer roll and is recovered.Toner is difficult to be attached to the unexposed area as supporting body 30.
The current potential of the developing bias shown in condition (2) and as supporting body 30 surface potential between be arranged difference when, exposure In region, because the current potential of surface potential (post-exposure electrical potential) and developing bias as supporting body 30 meets formula (2-2), so, Act on remaining toner and as supporting body 30 exposure area between electrostatic repulsion forces be less than act on toner and development Electrostatic repulsion forces between roller.Therefore, as the remaining toner on the surface of supporting body 30 is maintained at the surface as supporting body 30.It adjusts Toner is attached to the exposure area as supporting body 30.
The current potential of developing bias is, for example ,+250V or more+400V or less.As supporting body 30 electric potential be, for example ,+ 450V or more+900V or less.As the post-exposure electrical potential of supporting body 30 is, for example ,+50V or more+200V or less.The electricity of developing bias Difference for example,+100V or more+the 700V or less of position and the electric potential as supporting body 30.The current potential of developing bias with as supporting body The difference of 30 post-exposure electrical potential is, for example ,+150V or more+300V or less.Here, potential difference indicates absolute value of the difference.Setting is in this way The condition of potential difference be, for example, " current potential+330V of developing bias ", " as the electric potential+600V of supporting body 30 " and " as holding Post-exposure electrical potential+the 100V of carrier 30 as one kind ".
Transfer section 48 is transfer roll.Transfer roll to be developed toner image that portion 46 has developed from the surface as supporting body 30 It is transferred to recording medium M.Toner image is from when being transferred to recording medium M as supporting body 30, as supporting body 30 and recording medium M connect Touching.
Conveyer belt 50 is pass through recording medium M as the mode conveying recording medium M between supporting body 30 and transfer section 48. Conveyer belt 50 is endless belt.Conveyer belt 50 is set as (clockwise direction) rotating in the direction of arrows.
When toner image is transferred portion 48 and is transferred to recording medium M, fixing section 52 is made unfixed by heating and/or pressurization Toner image fixing.Image is formed on recording medium M as a result,.Fixing section 52 such as heating roller and/or pressure roller.
<third embodiment: handle box>
Third embodiment is related to a kind of handle box.Handle box involved in third embodiment has first embodiment Related photoreceptor.Then, referring to Fig. 3, handle box involved in third embodiment is illustrated.
Handle box has as supporting body 30.As supporting body 30 can be unitized.Handle box is on the basis as supporting body 30 On, have at least one selected from the group that electro-mechanical part 42, exposure portion 44, development section 46 and transfer section 48 are constituted.Handle box example Such as it is equivalent to each image forming unit 40a~40d.Handle box can also have cleaning part or except electric appliance (not shown).Processing Box is designed as relative to 90 disassembly ease of image forming apparatus.Therefore, handle box is easily processed, as the toner image of supporting body 30 In the case that transferability deteriorates, comprising can easily and rapidly be replaced inside as supporting body 30.
[embodiment]
Hereinafter, by embodiment, the present invention will be described in more detail.But the present invention is not appointed by scope of embodiments What is limited.
[material of photoreceptor]
About the material for the photosensitive layer for being used to form photoreceptor, the following charge producing agent of preparation, cavity conveying agent, electronics are defeated Send agent and binding resin.
Preparation compound (CGM-1X) is as charge producing agent.Compound (CGM-1X) is described in first embodiment Chemical formula (CGM-1) represented by metal-free phthalocyanine.Also, the crystalline texture of compound (CGM-1X) is X-type.
Cavity conveying agent (HTM-1) and electron transporting agent (ETM-1) illustrated in preparation first embodiment.
Preparation additive (ADD-6) and (ADD-7) and first embodiment illustrated in carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1)~ (ADD-5).Additive (ADD-6) and (ADD-7) are indicated by chemical formula (ADD-6) and (ADD-7) respectively.
[changing 16]
Preparation polycarbonate resin (Za) is as binding resin.Polycarbonate resin (Za) is by first embodiment The polycarbonate resin that illustrated chemical formula (Z) indicates.
[manufacture of photoreceptor]
The material of the photosensitive layer for being used to form photoreceptor prepared is used, to manufacture photoreceptor (A-1)~(A-9) and sense Body of light (B-1)~(B-4).
(manufacture of photoreceptor (A-1))
Firstly, preparation conductive base.The conductive base is the aluminum of diameter 160mm, length 365mm and thickness 2mm Conductive base.
Prepare coating fluid.It is added into container: as 2.0 mass parts of compound (CGM-1X) of charge producing agent, hole 45 mass parts of agent delivery (HTM-1), 30 mass parts of electron transporting agent (ETM-1), the polycarbonate resin as binding resin (Za) 100 mass parts, as 0.1 mass parts of carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1) of additive and as 800 mass of tetrahydrofuran of solvent Part.With ball mill, the content of container is mixed 50 hours and dispersed, coating fluid is obtained.Cavity conveying agent is relative to solid Body portion (compound (CGM-1X), cavity conveying agent (HTM-1), electron transporting agent (ETM-1), polycarbonate resin (Za) and Carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1)) quality containing ratio be 25 mass %.
Next, coating fluid is coated on conductive base using dip coating, coating is formed on conductive base Film.Specifically, conductive base is impregnated in coating fluid.Then, the conductive base impregnated is pulled out from coating fluid.By This, is coated on conductive base for coating fluid, forms coated film.
Next, by hot wind that the conductive base for foring coated film is 40 minutes dry at 100 DEG C.It removes as a result, The solvent (tetrahydrofuran) contained in coated film.As a result, forming the photosensitive layer of single layer on conductive base.It obtains as a result, Photoreceptor (A-1).
(photoreceptor (A-2)~(A-9) and photoreceptor (B-1)~(B-4) manufacture)
Other than following aspects have altered, by method identical with manufacture photoreceptor (A-1), photoreceptor (A- is manufactured 2)~(A-9) and photoreceptor (B-1)~(B-4).
In the manufacturing process of photoreceptor (A-1), it will change as the additive for being used to adjust coating fluid from carboxylic acid anhydrides (ADD-1) For the additive of type shown in table 4.Also, the 25 mass % of containing ratio by cavity conveying agent relative to the quality of photosensitive layer changes For containing ratio shown in table 4.The changing value of relative dielectric constant is changed to the changing value of relative dielectric constant shown in table 4.
(changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer)
The changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer is calculated by the method illustrated in first embodiment.Specifically Ground measures the photosensitive layer of each negative current by changing negative current in the method and condition illustrated in first embodiment The electricity Q on surface.Table 1 shows the electricity Q of photosensitive layer surface.
[table 1]
In the method and condition illustrated in first embodiment, electric potential V is measured0And current potential V after transfert, calculate this A little potential difference (V0-Vt).Table 2 shows potential difference (V0-Vt)。
[table 2]
In the method and condition illustrated in first embodiment, the film thickness of photosensitive layer is measured.Table 3 shows the film of photosensitive layer It is thick.
[table 3]
With formula (2), based on obtained electricity Q and potential difference (V0-Vt) calculate relative dielectric constant εr.Table 4 shows phase To permittivity εr。
(the toner image transferability of photoreceptor is evaluated)
Photoreceptor is carried to valuator device.Valuator device uses printing equipment (kyocera office information system strain formula Commercial firm manufactures " FS-1300D ", the dry type electrophotographic mode printing equipment of semiconductor laser).Valuator device has charged roller As electro-mechanical part.Charged roller is applied DC voltage.Valuator device has the transfer section (transfer roll) of direct transfer modes.Evaluation Equipment has the development section of contact visualization way.Valuator device does not have cleaning scraper.The development section of valuator device can be to picture The surface of supporting body is cleaned.Paper used in transferability evaluation is Kyocera Document Solutions Inc.'s sale " capital Porcelain office information system brand paper VM-A4 (A4 size) ".Toner used in transferability evaluation is kyocera office information system Co., Ltd. manufactures " TK-131 ".The measurement of transferability evaluation is in high temperature and humidity (32.5 DEG C of temperature and relative humidity 80%RH) ring It is carried out under border.
Using the valuator device and toner for being equipped with photoreceptor, evaluation image is formed on paper.Hereinafter with reference to Evaluation is specifically described with image by Fig. 5.Image forming conditions are set as linear velocity 165mm/ seconds.Transfer roll is applied to photosensitive The electric current of body is set as -25 μ A.
Then, the image as obtained by range estimation confirmation confirms that whether there is or not figures corresponding with image 208 in region 210 and region 212 Picture.The observation visually obtained according to toner image transferability of following evaluation criteria to photoreceptor as a result, evaluate. It evaluates A (very good) and evaluation B is (good) for qualification." transferability " column of table 4 indicates evaluation result.
Referring to Fig. 5, evaluation is illustrated with image.Fig. 5 indicates evaluation image.Evaluation 200 inclusion region of image 202, region 204 and region 206.Region 202 is comparable to the region enclosed as supporting body 1.The image 208 in region 202 is only by reality Heart image (image color 100%) is constituted.The shape of the solid image is rectangle.Region 204 and region 206 are suitable respectively In the region enclosed as supporting body 1, all contain blank image (image color 0%).Region 202 is initially formed along conveying direction a Image 208, then, the blank image in forming region 204 and region 206.The blank image in region 204 is to form image On the basis of 208 circle (circle of origin), it is formed in the image of the 2nd circle.Region 210 is area corresponding with the image 208 in region 204 Domain.The circle of origin that the blank image in region 206 has been formed from image 108 initially forms the image in the 3rd circle.Region 212 is Region corresponding with the image 208 in region 206.
(evaluation criteria of transferability)
Evaluation A (very good): image corresponding with image 208 is not confirmed in region 210 and region 212.
Evaluate B (good): the both ends of the vertical direction b in region 210 confirm image corresponding with image 208 a little；Area Image corresponding with image 208 is not confirmed in domain 212.
Evaluate C (poor): the both ends of the vertical direction b in region 210 have clearly confirmed figure corresponding with image 208 Picture；Image corresponding with image 208 is not confirmed in region 212.
Evaluate D (excessively poor): the both ends of the vertical direction b in region 210 and region 212 have clearly confirmed and image 208 corresponding images.
As shown in table 4, in photoreceptor (A-1)~(A-9), photosensitive layer is the photosensitive layer of single layer, includes charge producing agent, sky Cave agent delivery, electron transporting agent and additive.Additive is carboxylic acid anhydrides represented by chemical formula (ADD-1)~(ADD-5).This Outside, the changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer is 1.00 or more.
As shown in table 4, in photoreceptor (A-1)~(A-9), the evaluation result of the toner image transferability of photoreceptor is evaluation A (very good) or evaluation B (good).
As shown in table 4, in photoreceptor (B-1)~(B-4), the changing value of the relative dielectric constant of photosensitive layer is less than 1.00. In photoreceptor (B-1), photosensitive layer is without the carboxylic acid anhydrides as additive.
As shown in table 4, in photoreceptor (B-1)~(B-4), the evaluation result of the toner image transferability of photoreceptor is all commented Valence C (poor).
In conclusion photoreceptor (A-1)~(A-9) be compared with photoreceptor (B-1)~(B-4), the toner image of photoreceptor Transferability is excellent.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Electrophtography photosensor, has conductive base and photosensitive layer, which is characterized in that
The conductive base contains aluminum or aluminum alloy,
The photosensitive layer is the photosensitive layer of single layer,
The photosensitive layer contains charge producing agent, cavity conveying agent, electron transporting agent, binding resin and additive,
The additive includes carboxylic acid anhydrides,
The changing value of relative dielectric constant is 1.00 or more,
The changing value of the relative dielectric constant is obtained as follows, that is, charge the photosensitive layer, and with wavelength 780nm and 1.2 μ J/cm of light exposure2The photosensitive layer that has charged of light irradiation be exposed, calculate flowed into exposure area -30 μ A with Several relative dielectric constants when upper -10 μ A electric current below, find out the difference of the maxima and minima of relative dielectric constant, It is exactly the changing value of the relative dielectric constant.
2. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Relative to the quality of the photosensitive layer, the containing ratio of the cavity conveying agent is 25 mass % or more.
3. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The carboxylic acid anhydrides by general formula (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) indicate,
[changing 1]
In the general formula (1),
R1And R2Expression can have 1 or the C1-C6 alkyl of several halogen atoms,
R1With R2It can be the same or different,
In the general formula (2), (3), (4) and (5),
Ring Y2, ring Y3, ring Y4A, ring Y4B, ring Y5AAnd ring Y5BIt is respectively independent, indicate the non-of the monocycle below of ring member nitrogen atoms number 5 or more 7 Aromatic heterocycle,
The nonaromatic heterocycles contain 2 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom for the carboxyl being condensed, as ring member nitrogen atoms,
The nonaromatic heterocycles in addition to 1 or several hetero atoms can also be contained containing other than the oxygen atom, as at Annular atom,
The ring Y2The represented nonaromatic heterocycles have 1 or several first substituent groups,
The ring Y3, the ring Y4A, the ring Y4B, the ring Y5AAnd the ring Y5BThe represented nonaromatic heterocycles are respectively It is independent, it can have 1 or several second substituent groups,
First substituent group and second substituent group are respectively independent, and are halogen atom or C6-C14 aryl,
The ring Y4AWith the ring Y4BIt can be the same or different,
The ring Y5AWith the ring Y5BIt can be the same or different,
Ring Z3, ring Z4, ring Z5AAnd ring Z5BIt is monocycle or polycyclic, is condensation respectively in the ring Y3, the ring Y4AWith the ring Y4B, the ring Y5AAnd the Y5B1 or several C6-C14 fragrance hydrocarbon ring or C3-C14 aromatic heterocycle,
The ring Z3, the ring Z4, the ring Z5AAnd the ring Z5BIt can have 1 or several the 4th substituent groups,
Wherein, the ring Z3In the case where being the aromatic heterocycle, the ring Z3With the 4th substituent group,
The 4th substitution basis representation can have the C2-C4 alkynyl of C6-C14 aryl, C1-C6 alkyl, carboxyl, halogen atom or Nitro,
X expression can have 1 or the methylene of several third substituent groups, carbonyl, sulfonyl, singly-bound, chemical formula (5-1) institute The bilvalent radical or oxygen atom of expression,
The third replaces basis representation to can have 1 or the C1-C6 alkyl of several halogen atoms,
[changing 2]
4. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
In the general formula (4),
The ring Y4AAnd the ring Y4BIndicate the nonaromatic heterocycles of the monocycle of ring member nitrogen atoms number 5 or 6,
The ring Z4Indicate phenyl ring or naphthalene nucleus,
Carboxylic acid anhydrides represented by the general formula (5) by general formula (5-2) indicate,
In the general formula (5-2),
X5Indicate the methylene or singly-bound with 2 third substituent groups,
The third substitution basis representation has the C1-C3 alkyl of several fluorine atoms,
[changing 3]
5. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The carboxylic acid anhydrides is by least one table in chemical formula (ADD-1), (ADD-2), (ADD-3), (ADD-4) or (ADD-5) Show,
[changing 4]
6. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The cavity conveying agent includes the compound indicated by general formula (HTM),
[changing 5]
In general formula (HTM),
R11、R12、R13And R14It is respectively independent, indicate C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy,
A11, a12, a13 and a14 are respectively independent, indicate 0 or more 5 integer below,
A11, a12, a13 and a14 are not all 0,
In the case that a11 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, several R11It can be the same or different,
In the case that a12 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, several R12It can be the same or different,
In the case that a13 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, several R13It can be the same or different,
In the case that a14 indicates 2 or more 5 or less integers, several R14It can be the same or different.
7. Electrophtography photosensor of any of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The electron transporting agent includes the compound indicated by general formula (ETM),
[changing 6]
In general formula (ETM),
R21And R22It is respectively independent, indicate C1-C6 alkyl or hydrogen atom,
R23And R24It is respectively independent, indicate C1-C6 alkyl,
B23 and b24 is respectively independent, indicates 0 or more 4 integer below,
In the case that b23 indicates 2 or more 4 or less integers, several R23It can be the same or different,
In the case that b24 indicates 2 or more 4 or less integers, several R24It can be the same or different.
8. a kind of handle box,
Has Electrophtography photosensor of any of claims 1 or 2.
9. a kind of image forming apparatus, has:
As supporting body；
Electro-mechanical part charges the surface as supporting body；
Exposure portion exposes the surface as supporting body charged, to form electrostatic latent image；
The latent electrostatic image developing is toner image by development section；And
Transfer section, by the toner image from the surface transfer as supporting body to recording medium,
It is described as supporting body is Electrophtography photosensor of any of claims 1 or 2,
The electrification polarity of the electro-mechanical part is positive polarity.
10. image forming apparatus according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
The electro-mechanical part is charged roller.
CN201810781714.9A 2017-07-25 2018-07-17 Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN109298606B (en)

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CN103064267A (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-24 富士施乐株式会社 Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus
CN103823341A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-28 京瓷办公信息系统株式会社 Two-component developer
JP2017026997A (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-02 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 Positively-charged single-layer electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01285952A (en) * 1988-05-13 1989-11-16 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd Positively charged single layer type electrophotographic sensitive body
US5166025A (en) * 1989-06-29 1992-11-24 Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. Matric plate for electrophotographic platemaking, production thereof and printing plate
US5656405A (en) * 1995-01-12 1997-08-12 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Organic photoconductor for electrophotography
CN101885685A (en) * 2004-05-25 2010-11-17 保土谷化学工业株式会社 p-terphenyl compound and photoreceptor for electrophotography using the same
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