CN109296098B - Tensile shock insulation support without additional lateral movement rigidity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness, which comprises an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate oppositely arranged and a support plate connected between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate The laminated rubber bearing is opened on the adjustment hole on the lower bearing plate; the cable passing through the adjusting hole and connecting the lower bearing plate and the upper bearing plate is tied, and the cable There is an adjustment gap between the hole wall of the adjustment hole; and a sliding plate corresponding to the adjustment hole, the sliding plate is sleeved on the cable and sandwiched between the lower support plate and the Between the fasteners at the corresponding ends of the cables, the sliding plate can slide relative to the lower support plate, and the cables can be moved and adjusted in the adjustment holes so that the cables remain vertical. Straight. The cable of the invention can be moved and adjusted to maintain a vertical state when the support is sheared and deformed, and does not generate additional lateral displacement stiffness to the support, thereby ensuring the shock-isolation performance of the laminated rubber support.

Description

Tension-isolated bearings without additional lateral stiffness

technical field

The invention relates to the field of building structure engineering, in particular to a tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness.

Background technique

The traditional laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing is formed by laminating a layer of steel plate and a layer of rubber layer by layer, and the rubber and steel plate are firmly bonded together through a special process, and is widely used in the field of seismic isolation of engineering structures. However, the traditional laminated rubber shock-isolation bearing has the following defects: First, the tensile capacity of the support is insufficient: the axial compression stiffness of the laminated rubber shock-isolation bearing is relatively large, while the tensile stiffness is very small, which is only for the compression stiffness 1/5 to 1/10 of that, the tensile strength is very small, and the current code therefore limits the generation of support tension. However, in the actual seismic isolation structure, the support tension is unavoidable in many cases. The second is insufficient horizontal limit capacity: when the compressive stress is large, the bending deformation of the laminated rubber bearing accounts for the main part of the total deformation under the action of the horizontal force. With the increase of the shear deformation angle, the laminated rubber The shear stress of the seismic isolation bearing will decrease, that is, instability and failure, which will cause excessive horizontal displacement of the bearing under the earthquake and make it difficult to self-reset, and may even cause the structure to collapse due to the secondary bending moment.

In order to solve the defects of the above-mentioned traditional laminated rubber bearings, the existing technical literature (Study on the seismic isolation performance of prestressed thick-layer rubber bearings [J]. Zou Lihua, Rao Yu, Huang Kai, etc., Journal of Building Structures, 2013, 34(2): 76-82 pages), (Collision Analysis of Adjacent Isolation Structures with Prestressed Rubber Bearings [J]. Zou Lihua, Guo Run, Huang Kai, etc., Vibration and Shock, 2014, 33(9): 131 -136 pages) provides a prestressed rubber shock-isolation bearing, as shown in Fig. The laminated rubber bearing 13 is provided with a flexible prestressed cable 14 in the hole. Before the bearing 10 bears the vertical load from the upper structure, the flexible prestressed cable 14 is fastened to apply a vertical force to the laminated rubber bearing 13. to the precompressive stress. Such a structure can improve the tensile capacity of the support; the support has a strong self-resetting ability after translational deformation, and a strong horizontal limit ability; the thickness of the rubber layer is greater than that of the traditional ordinary laminated rubber shock-isolating Horizontal stiffness and its coupling of prestressed cables. However, in practical applications, the above-mentioned prestressed rubber isolation bearings have the defects that the prestressed cables provide excessive horizontal additional stiffness, increase nonlinearity, weaken the isolation performance of the laminated rubber bearings, and are not conducive to structural design. As shown in Figure 2, RB in Figure 2 is an ordinary rubber isolation bearing, and PRB is a prestressed isolation bearing. Since the prestressed cable will limit the horizontal deformation of the support, it will provide a large horizontal additional stiffness, resulting in the horizontal stiffness of the support increasing with the increase of the lateral displacement of the support. On the one hand, making the isolation bearing have a lower stiffness is the basic requirement for its isolation function, and increasing the stiffness of the isolation bearing may reduce its isolation performance; on the other hand, the prestressed isolation bearing The horizontal stiffness is not stable and has great nonlinearity, which adds great difficulty to the structural design.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, to provide a tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness, and to solve the problem of excessive horizontal additional stiffness provided by the prestressed cables in the existing prestressed rubber seismic-isolation bearings. And weaken the problem of seismic isolation performance.

The technical scheme for realizing the above-mentioned purpose is:

The present invention provides a tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness, comprising an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate oppositely arranged and connected between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate The laminated rubber bearing, the tensile isolation bearing also includes:

an adjustment hole opened on the lower support plate;

pass through the adjustment hole and tie the cable connecting the lower support plate and the upper support plate, leaving an adjustment gap between the cable and the hole wall of the adjustment hole; and

A sliding plate arranged corresponding to the adjustment hole, the sliding plate is sleeved on the cable and sandwiched between the lower support plate and the fastener at the corresponding end of the cable, the sliding plate It can slide relative to the lower support plate, and the pull cable can be moved and adjusted in the adjustment hole so that the pull cable remains vertical.

The tension-proof shock-isolation support of the present invention is provided with an adjustment gap and a sliding plate, so that the cable can be moved and adjusted to maintain a vertical state when the support is sheared and deformed, and no additional lateral displacement stiffness is generated for the support, ensuring that the stacking The seismic isolation performance of the layered rubber bearing solves the problem that the prestressed cables in the existing prestressed rubber isolation bearing provide excessive horizontal additional stiffness and weaken the isolation performance. When the shear deformation of the support is large, the cable no longer maintains a vertical state and deforms due to the limitation of the adjustment gap and the displacement of the sliding plate, so that the lateral displacement stiffness of the laminated rubber support gradually increases, which plays a limiting role. Horizontal deformation to prevent shear instability.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention is that the stay cables are arranged on the outer side of the laminated rubber bearing.

The further improvement of the anti-shock isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention is that the stay cable passes through the fastener at the end of the stay cable after the anti-shock isolation support is installed at the set position tension, and the tension force of the fastener is less than or equal to the compressive stress on the laminated rubber bearing.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention is that the stay cables are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the laminated rubber bearing.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention is that lubricating oil is coated between the sliding plate and the lower bearing plate.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolating bearing without additional lateral movement stiffness of the present invention lies in that balls are sandwiched between the sliding plate and the lower bearing plate.

The further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention is that the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate both include a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate oppositely arranged and are supported and connected to a strut between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate;

The second connection plate in the upper support plate and the lower support plate is connected with the laminated rubber support and the cable.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention lies in that the cable is provided with an external thread, and the fastener is a fastening nut.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention lies in that the stay cables are steel strands.

A further improvement of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention lies in that the adjustment hole is a circular hole.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a prestressed rubber shock-isolation bearing in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is the stiffness curve of the prestressed rubber shock-isolating bearing and the common rubber-shock-isolating bearing in the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 4 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 3, the present invention provides a tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness. The connecting drag cables are tied between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate, and the tension is adjusted by setting adjustment holes and sliding plates. The cable has a certain range of movement, which can be within a certain range of shear deformation of the tensile isolator. The cable is adjusted to maintain a vertical state through movement, and does not produce additional lateral stiffness of the tensile isolator, ensuring The seismic isolation performance of the laminated rubber bearing, when the tensile seismic isolation bearing is subject to a large shear deformation, the cable will no longer maintain a vertical state and deform due to the limitation of the sliding plate and the adjustment hole, making the seismic isolation The lateral stiffness of the support gradually increases, which plays a role in limiting horizontal deformation and preventing shear instability. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 3 , it shows a schematic structural view of the tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 3 .

As shown in Fig. 3, the tensile shock-isolation bearing 20 without additional lateral displacement stiffness of the present invention comprises an upper bearing plate 21 and a lower bearing plate 22 which are arranged oppositely and an upper bearing plate 21 connected to the lower bearing plate Laminated rubber bearings 23 between 22, the laminated rubber bearings 23 include multiple layers of steel plates and layers of rubber overlapping each other. The tensile shock-proof bearing 20 of the present invention also includes an adjustment hole 24, a drag cable 25, and a sliding plate 26. The adjustment hole 24 is opened on the lower support plate 22, and the drag cable 25 passes through the adjustment hole 24 and is tied to connect the lower support. An adjustment gap is left between the seat plate 22, the upper support plate 21, the drag cable 25 and the hole wall of the adjustment hole 24; Between the lower support plate 22 and the fastener 27 at the corresponding end of the cable 25, the sliding plate 26 can slide relative to the lower support plate 22, and the cable 25 can be moved and adjusted in the adjustment hole 24 so that the cable 25 remain vertical.

When in use, the tensile isolation support 20 is installed on the structure to be isolated by the upper support plate 21 and the lower support plate 22. When the structure is subject to a vibration load (such as earthquake or wind shock), the load will The seat plate 21 and the lower support plate 22 exert a force moving in the horizontal direction (usually the upper support plate 21 moves horizontally relative to the lower support plate 22 due to load), and the force acts on the upper support plate 21 On the laminated rubber bearing 23 between the lower bearing plate 22, the rubber layer on the laminated rubber bearing 23 will be sheared and deformed so as to consume the acting force and achieve the effect of shock isolation.

As shown in Figure 1, the prestressed rubber shock-isolating bearing 10 in Figure 1 has flexible prestressed cables 14 pre-tensioned on it, which provides a large horizontal additional stiffness to the laminated rubber bearing 13. When the rubber bearing 13 deforms horizontally, it will be restricted by the flexible prestressed cable 14, thereby weakening the vibration isolation performance of the laminated rubber bearing 13.

In order to solve the problem of limiting the horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 13 existing in the flexible prestressed cable 14 set in FIG. 1 . As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the tensile shock-absorbing bearing 20 of the present invention has offered adjustment holes 24 for the drag cables 25 on the lower bearing plate 22, between the hole wall of the adjustment holes 24 and the outer surface of the drag cables 25 An adjustment gap is left, and the drag cable 25 can be moved and adjusted in the adjustment hole 24 by setting the adjustment gap. Further, in order to realize the movement adjustment of the drag cable 25, pads are placed at the junction of the lower support plate 22 and the drag cable 25. A sliding plate 26 is provided, and the sliding plate 26 is sandwiched between the lower bearing plate 22 and the corresponding fastener 27, and the movement of the sliding plate 26 relative to the lower bearing plate 22 realizes the adjustment of the drag cable 25 in the adjustment hole 24. Mobile adjustment. Specifically, when the shock-isolated structure is loaded and a horizontal force is applied to the upper support plate 21, the upper support plate 21 translates under the action of the horizontal force, and then drives the cable 25 and the upper support plate 21, the lower part of the cable 25 translates along with the upper support plate 21 in the adjustment hole 24 through the translation of the sliding plate 26, so that the cable 25 can remain vertical and will not overlap. The layered rubber bearing 23 exerts additional lateral displacement stiffness, and then the laminated rubber bearing 23 can exert its shock isolation performance, and consume the load on the upper bearing plate 21 through the shear deformation of the rubber layer. Through the above analysis, it can be known that the dragline 25 of the present invention can solve the problem of the prestressed cable existing in the prestressed rubber shock-isolation bearing 10 in Fig. 1 by providing the adjusting hole 24 and the sliding plate 26 to provide excessive horizontal additional stiffness and increase the nonlinearity. It not only weakens the seismic isolation performance, but also is not conducive to structural design problems. The drag cable 25 of the present invention realizes a certain degree of adjustment function within the scope of the adjustment gap left in the adjustment hole 24. Within a certain range of shear deformation of the tensile shock-isolation support 20, the drag cable 25 can be adjusted by moving. Keeping the vertical state will not generate additional lateral stiffness, which ensures the shock isolation performance of the laminated rubber. When the shear deformation of the tensile shock-isolation bearing 20 is very large, the cable 25 is no longer kept vertical due to the restriction of the displacement of the adjustment hole 24 and the sliding plate 26 and is deformed, so that the lateral movement of the tensile seismic-isolation bearing 20 The stiffness gradually increases, which plays a role in limiting horizontal deformation and preventing shear instability.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cable 25 is tensioned by the fastener 27 at the end of the cable 25 after the tensile shock-isolation support 20 is installed at the set position, and the tension of the fastener 27 The force is less than or equal to the compressive stress experienced by the laminated rubber bearing 20 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the prestressed rubber shock-isolation bearing 10 in FIG. 1 also has such a problem: the bearing bears relatively large compressive stress, and the rubber layer is relatively thick, which reduces the shear stability of the rubber layer. The prestressed rubber seismic isolation bearing 10 first applies a certain preload σ _p to the rubber layer of the laminated rubber bearing 13 by tensioning the prestressed cable 14. After the superstructure load is applied (set the average pressure from the superstructure load is σ _q ), the load is offset by the relaxation of the prestressed cables, and the rubber lamination stress remains almost constant σ _p , in order to ensure the effectiveness of the prestressed cables 14, it is necessary to satisfy σ _p >σ _q , that is, the actual compressive stress of the rubber layer is greater than The load pressure transmitted by the superstructure; in addition, because the rubber layer of the prestressed isolation bearing 10 is thicker, the primary shape coefficient S1 and the secondary shape coefficient S2 are both small, and the primary shape coefficient S1 is the diameter of the rubber layer divided by With 4 times the thickness of a single rubber layer, the quadratic shape factor S2 is the diameter of the rubber layer divided by the sum of the thicknesses of all rubber layers. When the compressive stress of the rubber layer of the laminated rubber bearing 13 is large, and the primary shape coefficient S1 and the secondary shape coefficient S2 are both small, the bending deformation produced by the rubber layer accounts for the main part of the total deformation, and the total deformation includes shear deformation and Bending deformation, where the shear deformation refers to the deformation of the rubber layer subjected to the force in the horizontal direction, and the bending deformation refers to the deformation of the rubber layer due to the vertical force acting on a certain part, such as Skew deformation. The shear stress of the rubber layer will soften under the state of large shear deformation, that is, when the shear deformation reaches a certain critical value, the shear stiffness decreases with the increase of the shear angle, which will lead to instability and failure in the production .

In order to solve the problem that the prestressed rubber isolation bearing in Fig. 1 bears relatively large compressive stress, and the rubber layer is thicker, which reduces the shear stability of the rubber layer, as shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, The fasteners 27 at both ends of the cable 25 of the present invention are fastened in a post-tensioning manner, that is, after the upper support plate 21 and the lower support plate 22 are installed on the corresponding structure, they are then tensioned by the fasteners 27 Cable 25, which can ensure that the cable exerts a tensile effect, and can reduce the additional compressive stress on the rubber layer of the laminated rubber bearing 23. Further, the tension force of the fastener 27 is less than or equal to the laminated The compressive stress that the rubber bearing 23 is subjected to. In order to ensure the tensile effect of the cable 25, the tension force applied to the fastener 27 is less than the compressive stress received by the laminated rubber bearing 20. It should be understood that the tension force is slightly less than the compressive stress, and the present invention adopts post-tensioning way, the tension force applied to the fastener 27 can be easily adjusted to be equal to the compressive stress, so the tension force applied when tensioning the cable 25 is preferably equal to the compressive stress received by the laminated rubber bearing 23, Furthermore, it is realized that no additional stress is applied to the rubber layer of the laminated rubber bearing 23 , and at the same time, it is ensured that the sliding plate 26 can slide.

Further, the cable 25 of the present invention is post-tensioned, so that the rubber layer in the laminated rubber bearing 23 of the present invention does not need to be thicker, and the laminated rubber bearing 23 of the present invention can adopt the existing common laminated rubber bearing. layer rubber bearing, so that the rubber layer of the tensile shock-isolation bearing 20 of the present invention receives less compressive stress (only the compressive stress transmitted by the superstructure load), and the primary shape coefficient S1 and the secondary shape coefficient S2 are relative to The prestressed rubber shock-isolation bearings 10 in Fig. 1 are all relatively large, so that the shear deformation produced by the rubber layer of the tensile-shock isolation bearing 20 of the present invention accounts for the main part of the total deformation, and the shear stress of the rubber layer is large In the state of shear deformation, the phenomenon of strain hardening will appear, that is, the shear stiffness increases with the increase of the shear angle when the deformation is large. This is a stable state, so that the tensile seismic isolation bearing 20 has a stable self- reset capability.

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , the cable 25 is arranged on the outside of the laminated rubber support 23 . This improves the ability of the anti-bending deformation of the tensile shock-isolation bearing 20, greatly improves the flexural section modulus of the laminated rubber bearing 23, improves the bending resistance of the laminated rubber bearing 23, and increases the tensile strength. The anti-instability ability of the shock-isolation bearing 20.

Further, the pull cables 25 are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the laminated rubber bearing 23 .

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, lubricating oil is applied between the sliding plate 26 and the lower support plate 22 . The sliding of the sliding plate 26 is relatively smooth by providing lubricating oil.

As yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, balls are interposed between the sliding plate 26 and the lower support plate 22 , and the sliding of the sliding plate 26 is smoother by setting the balls. When setting the balls, the lower bearing plate 22 is correspondingly provided with slots for accommodating the balls, so that the balls are installed in the slots and some of the balls are exposed from the slots of the slots, so that the sliding plate 26 is attached to the exposed part of the balls. , to facilitate the sliding of the sliding plate 26 through the rolling of the balls.

As still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the upper support plate 21 of the tensile shock-isolation support 20 of the present invention includes a first connecting plate 211 and a second connecting plate 211 which are oppositely arranged. Plate 212 and supporting plate 213 connected between the first connecting plate 211 and the second connecting plate 212. The set slanting braces, the annular braces and the slanting braces are all supported and connected to the first connecting plate 211 and the second connecting plate 212, and the set brace 213 makes there is a gap between the first connecting plate 211 and the second connecting plate 212. A certain distance forms an operating space through which the fastening connectors on the drag cables and the upper support plate 21 can be conveniently assembled.

The structure of the lower bearing plate 22 is the same as that of the upper bearing plate 21, and the lower bearing plate 22 includes a first connecting plate 221 and a second connecting plate 222 which are arranged oppositely and a supporting connection between the first connecting plate 221 and the second connecting plate 221. The bracing plate 223 between the plates 222, the bracing plate 223 includes an annular bracing plate located in the middle of the first connecting plate 221 and a diagonal bracing plate arranged along the diagonal of the first connecting plate 221, both the annular bracing plate and the diagonal bracing plate support Connected to the first connecting plate 221 and the second connecting plate 222, through the set up plate 223, there is a certain distance between the first connecting plate 221 and the second connecting plate 222, forming an operation space, through which the operation space can be conveniently Assemble the fastening connectors on the stay cables and the lower support plate 22 .

The second connection plate 212 of the upper support plate 21 and the second connection plate 222 of the lower support plate 22 are connected with the laminated rubber support 23 and the cable 25 . Both the top and the bottom of the laminated rubber bearing 23 are provided with sealing plates, the second connecting plate 212 of the upper supporting plate 21 and the second connecting plate 222 of the lower supporting plate 22 are attached to the corresponding sealing plates and screwed Fixed connection.

4 and 5, since the adjustment hole 24 is provided on the second connecting plate 222, the size of the second connecting plate 222 is designed to be greater than the size of the first connecting plate 221, so that the side of the second connecting plate 222 The portion provides a space for the adjustment hole 24 to be set.

As shown in Figure 3, a plurality of assembly holes are provided on the first connection plate 221 of the upper support plate 21, and the first connection plate 221 of the upper support plate 21 is connected by fastening connectors through the assembly holes. Mounted on structures that require shock isolation. Similarly, a plurality of assembly holes for installation are also provided on the first connecting plate 221 of the lower support plate 22 .

As yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cable 25 is provided with an external thread, and the fastener 27 is a fastening nut. One end of the stay cable 25 passes through the second connection plate 212 of the upper support plate 21 and screwed the fastening nut, thereby the end of the stay cable 25 is connected on the second connection plate 212; The adjustment holes 24 of the two connecting plates 222 pass through and screw the fastening nuts. Before the fastening nuts are screwed, the sliding plate 26 is sleeved at the end. on the second connection board 222 . Initially, the two fastening nuts may not be tightened, and after the upper support plate 21 and the lower support plate 22 are installed on the designated structure, the two fastening nuts are tightened again to tension the dragline 25 .

Preferably, the cable 25 is a steel strand.

Further, in order to improve the stability of the cable 25, a sealing ring is embedded in the connection hole of the upper support plate 21 for connecting the cable 25, so that the cable 25 is closely connected with the upper support plate 21 without occurrence of Relative displacement. In the adjustment hole 24, an adjustment gap is reserved for the drag cable 25, so that the position of the connecting end of the drag cable 25 and the lower support plate 21 can be adjusted. Of course, the adjustment range of the adjustment gap cannot be infinite. Preferably, the adjustment gap ( That is, the maximum value of the distance between the outer surface of the drag cable 25 and the wall of the adjustment hole 24) is equal to half of the total thickness of the rubber layer in the laminated rubber bearing 23, wherein the total thickness of the rubber layer should be deducted from the thickness of the steel plate in the laminated rubber bearing 23 thickness.

Preferably, the adjustment hole 24 is a circular hole.

The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various changes to the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, some details in the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the present invention will take the scope defined by the appended claims as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness, comprising an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate oppositely arranged and a laminated layer connected between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate A layer of rubber bearings, opened in the adjustment hole on the lower support plate; passing through the adjustment hole and tie the drag cable connecting the lower support plate and the upper support plate, the drag cable and the upper support plate There is an adjustment gap between the hole walls of the adjustment hole, and it is characterized in that the tensile shock-isolation support also includes: A sliding plate arranged corresponding to the adjustment hole, the sliding plate is sleeved on the cable and sandwiched between the lower support plate and the fastener at the corresponding end of the cable, the sliding plate It can slide relative to the lower support plate, and the pull cable can be moved and adjusted in the adjustment hole so that the pull cable remains vertical. 2 . The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1 , wherein the cable is arranged on the outer side of the laminated rubber bearing. 3 . 3. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the cable passes through the The fastener at the end of the cable is tensioned, and the tension of the fastener is less than or equal to the compressive stress on the laminated rubber bearing. 4. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the stay cables are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the laminated rubber bearing. 5. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that lubricating oil is coated between the sliding plate and the lower bearing plate. 6 . The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1 , wherein a ball is interposed between the sliding plate and the lower bearing plate. 7 . 7. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate both include a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate oppositely arranged. Two connecting plates and a brace connected between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate; The second connection plate in the upper support plate and the lower support plate is connected with the laminated rubber support and the cable. 8 . The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1 , wherein the cable is provided with an external thread, and the fastener is a fastening nut. 9 . 9. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, the stay cables are steel strands. 10. The tensile shock-isolation bearing without additional lateral displacement stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that, the adjustment hole is a circular hole.