CN109294535B - Preparation method and preparation equipment of foam drilling fluid for three-gas open-hole exploitation - Google Patents
Preparation method and preparation equipment of foam drilling fluid for three-gas open-hole exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109294535B CN109294535B CN201811368552.2A CN201811368552A CN109294535B CN 109294535 B CN109294535 B CN 109294535B CN 201811368552 A CN201811368552 A CN 201811368552A CN 109294535 B CN109294535 B CN 109294535B
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- -1 carboxyethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XXCRXPYEAMCJKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4-trimethyloxepan-2-one Chemical compound CC1CCCOC(=O)C1(C)C XXCRXPYEAMCJKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical group [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/38—Gaseous or foamed well-drilling compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/06—Clay-free compositions
- C09K8/08—Clay-free compositions containing natural organic compounds, e.g. polysaccharides, or derivatives thereof
- C09K8/10—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于三气裸眼开采的泡沫钻井液的配制方法及配制设备，其中，配制方法包括如下步骤：S1：准备清水、稳泡剂、发泡剂和稳定剂，稳泡剂包括羧甲基淀粉、羧乙基淀粉和羧甲基纤维素，发泡剂包括十二烷基苯磺酸钠、三甲基乙内酯和十八醇；羧甲基淀粉、羧乙基淀粉、羧甲基纤维素、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、三甲基乙内酯和十八醇的质量比为：(7～13)：(7～13)：(3～7)：(3～5)：(4～8)：(0.5～2)；S2：将清水加入配浆罐内；S3：向配浆罐内加入稳泡剂；S4：向配浆罐内加入发泡剂和稳定剂。该配制方法使得泡沫钻井液的密度能够低于1.00g/cm3且密度可调，可兼顾多类型储层要求，有效提高体系稳定性。
The invention relates to a preparation method and preparation equipment for foam drilling fluid for three-gas open-hole exploitation, wherein the preparation method includes the following steps: S1: preparing clear water, foam stabilizer, foaming agent and stabilizer, and the foam stabilizer includes Carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose, foaming agents include sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, trimethylglycolactone and stearyl alcohol; carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch, The mass ratio of carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, trimethylglycolactone and stearyl alcohol is: (7-13): (7-13): (3-7): (3 ~5): (4~8): (0.5~2); S2: Add clear water to the mixing tank; S3: Add foam stabilizer to the mixing tank; S4: Add foaming agent and stabilizer. The preparation method enables the density of the foam drilling fluid to be lower than 1.00 g/cm 3 and the density is adjustable, which can take into account the requirements of multiple types of reservoirs and effectively improve the stability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling exploitation, in particular to a preparation method and preparation equipment of foam drilling fluid for three-gas open hole exploitation.
Background
The three-gas open hole mining is a mode of realizing development in an open hole completion mode when three unconventional natural gases such as sandstone gas, coal bed gas, shale gas and the like are combined mined in multiple layers. At present, the drilling fluid for unconventional gas development represented by compact sandstone gas, shale gas and coal bed gas mainly comprises polymer and inorganic salt drilling fluid, the density of the drilling fluid is adjustable, but the density of the drilling fluid is always more than 1.00g/cm3In the case of various reservoir layers, the drilling fluid is easy to leak due to overlarge density, and a large amount of drilling fluid damages the gas flow capacity of the formation after entering the gas layer, so that the loss is not compensated.
Drilling fluids represented by foam, recyclable microbubbles, can achieve densities below 1.00g/cm3However, density adjustment is difficult, density ranges required by different types of reservoirs are different in the drilling process, requirements of multiple types of reservoirs cannot be met, the type of the reservoir system is poor in stability and poor in using effect, in addition, in the prior art, large-scale air pumps, high-pressure resistant mixing systems, high-pressure resistant pipelines and the like are required for preparing drilling fluid on site, equipment is expensive, and the process is complex.
Therefore, how to prepare the foam drilling fluid for three-gas open hole exploitation horizontal well is convenient for preparing the foam drilling fluid on site and enabling the density of the foam drilling fluid to be lower than 1.00g/cm3The method is adjustable, can meet the requirements of various reservoir layers, effectively improves the stability of a system, and is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and preparation equipment of foam drilling fluid for three-gas open-hole exploitation, so that the density of the foam drilling fluid can be lower than 1.00g/cm3And the density is adjustable, the requirements of various reservoir layers can be met, and the system stability is effectively improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of foam drilling fluid for three-gas open hole exploitation, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively preparing clear water, a treating agent and a stabilizing agent, wherein the treating agent comprises a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, the foam stabilizer comprises carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the foaming agent comprises sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, trimethyl ethyl lactone and octadecanol;
the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl starch to the carboxyethyl starch to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the trimethyl ethyl lactone to the octadecanol is as follows: (7-13): (7-13): (3-7): (3-5): (4-8): (0.5 to 2);
s2: adding the clear water into a slurry preparation tank;
s3: adding the foam stabilizer into the slurry preparation tank in the step S2, continuously mixing, and performing the step S4;
s4: adding the foaming agent and the stabilizing agent into the slurry preparation tank.
The foam drilling fluid comprises clear water, a treating agent and a stabilizing agent, wherein the treating agent comprises a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, and carboxymethyl starch in the foam stabilizer has good thickening, stabilizing, water-retaining, film-forming and suspending effects after being dissolved in water, is convenient to use, and is safe and environment-friendly; the carboxyethyl starch plays a role in separation inhibition, and the carboxyethyl starch can stabilize the foaming process in the foaming process of the foaming agent; the aqueous solution of the carboxymethyl cellulose has the effects of thickening, film forming, adhesion, water retention, colloid protection, emulsification, suspension and the like, and the foam drilling fluid containing the carboxymethyl cellulose can enable a well wall to form a thin and firm filter cake with low permeability, so that the pollution of the foam drilling fluid to a reservoir is reduced, and the influence of the foam drilling fluid on the permeability is reduced. The three foam stabilizers are proportioned according to the proportion, so that the density of the foam drilling fluid can be stably reduced in the foaming process of the foaming agent, the stability of a foam structure after the foaming agent is foamed can be improved, the bubbles are separated from each other, the bubbles are similar to balloons, and the structural stability is good.
Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in foaming agentSodium as an anionic surfactant has good surface activity and strong hydrophilicity, and is used as an air entraining agent; trimethylcaprolactone is a commonly used blowing agent; octadecanol has good emulsifying property, and the three foaming agents can be foamed in a water-based environment according to the mixture ratio, so that the density of the foam drilling fluid obtained after the treating agent is dissolved in clear water is lower than that of the clear water, namely 1.00g/cm3The foam drilling fluid has the following effects that the foaming effect can be ensured to be in a reasonable range, and the density requirement of the foam drilling fluid can be met.
In detail, the preparation of the foam drilling fluid is carried out in a slurry preparation tank, so that the field preparation is convenient to realize, and in the preparation process, a mixing device is required to carry out continuous mixing operation on the liquid in the slurry preparation tank in the whole process. When the treating agent is added into the slurry preparation tank, the foam stabilizer (carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose) needs to be slowly added, and the foam stabilizer is continuously mixed after being added, so that the foam stabilizer can be fully dissolved in clear water, and a stable foaming environment is provided for a foaming agent to be added subsequently; then slowly adding a foaming agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, trimethyl ethyl lactone and octadecanol) and a stabilizing agent, and continuously mixing until the foaming agent can be fully dissolved in water and fully foamed, wherein the foam can separate each bubble from each other under the action of the foam stabilizing agent and improve the stability of each bubble. The whole process requires mixing operation, so that the foaming is more complete, the foam stability is better, and the foam drilling fluid can be ensured to play a cooling role on the drill bit and have higher rock carrying capacity and the like.
Optionally, the clear water is field water and the stabilizer is sodium bicarbonate.
Optionally, in step S1, the mass ratio of the clean water, the treating agent and the stabilizing agent is (700-1300): (25-45) (0.5-2).
Optionally, after the step S4, the method further includes the following steps:
s5: detecting whether the density and rheological index of the foam drilling fluid in the slurry preparation tank reach respective target values;
if the density and rheological index reach respective target values, the preparation of the foam drilling fluid is finished;
if the density and rheological index do not reach their respective target values, go to step S6;
s6: if the density is higher than the target value and the rheological index is lower than the target value, adding each treating agent into the slurry preparation tank according to the mass ratio in the step S1;
and if the density is lower than the target value and the rheological index is higher than the target value, adding the clean water into the slurry preparation tank.
Optionally, the target value of the density is 0.75g/cm3～1.00g/cm3(ii) a The target values for the rheological index include: an apparent viscosity of 15 to 35 mPas, a plastic viscosity of 8 to 25 mPas, a dynamic shear force of 10 to 25 mPas, and a dynamic plastic ratio of 0.6 to 1.0 Pa/(mPas).
Optionally, in step S3, adding the foam stabilizer into the slurry preparation tank includes sequentially adding the carboxymethyl starch, the carboxyethyl starch, and the carboxymethyl cellulose into the slurry preparation tank; in step S4, adding a foaming agent into the slurry preparation tank includes sequentially adding the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the trimethylethyllactone, and the octadecanol into the slurry preparation tank.
Optionally, in step S3, after adding the foam stabilizer and continuously mixing for a first preset time, the process proceeds to step S4; in step S4, mixing is continued for a second predetermined time after the addition of the blowing agent.
Optionally, the first preset time and the second preset time are 20min to 30 min.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation device of the foam drilling fluid for three-gas open hole exploitation horizontal well, which is based on the preparation method of the foam drilling fluid and comprises a slurry preparation tank and a mixing device, wherein the mixing device is used for mixing the liquid in the slurry preparation tank.
The technical effect of the preparation equipment based on the preparation method of the foam drilling fluid is similar to that of the preparation method, and is not repeated herein for saving space.
Optionally, the mixing device is a stirring device arranged in the slurry preparation tank; or the mixing device comprises a fluid pump and a pipeline, the fluid pump is arranged outside the slurry preparation tank, the pipeline is communicated with the slurry preparation tank and forms a circulating fluid pipeline, and liquid in the circulating fluid pipeline can circulate under the action of the fluid pump.
Optionally, the volume of the slurry preparation tank is not less than 10m3If the mixing device is a stirring device, the stirring speed is not less than 70r/min, and if the mixing device comprises the fluid pump and the pipeline, the discharge capacity of the fluid pump is not less than 12m3/h。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for formulating a foam drilling fluid for open-hole production of three gases according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flow diagram of a method for formulating a foam drilling fluid for open-hole production of three gases according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a foam drilling fluid preparation device for open-hole three-gas production provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of a foam drilling fluid preparation device for open-hole three-gas production according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the accompanying fig. 1-4, the reference numerals are illustrated as follows:
1-slurry preparation tank; 2-a stirring device; 31-line, 32-fluid pump, 33-funnel, 4-feeding device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a foam drilling fluid for three-gas open hole production according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a detailed flow diagram of a method for formulating a foam drilling fluid for open-hole production of three gases according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a foam drilling fluid preparation device for open-hole three-gas production provided by an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of a foam drilling fluid preparation device for open-hole three-gas production according to an embodiment of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method and preparation equipment of foam drilling fluid for three-gas open-hole exploitation, wherein the three-gas open-hole exploitation refers to a mode of realizing development in an open-hole completion mode when three unconventional natural gases such as sandstone gas, coal bed gas and shale gas are jointly exploited in a multilayer manner.
The preparation method of the foam drilling fluid in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively preparing clear water, a treating agent and a stabilizing agent, wherein the treating agent comprises a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, the foam stabilizer comprises carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the foaming agent comprises sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, trimethyl ethyl lactone and octadecanol;
the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl starch to the carboxyethyl starch to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the trimethyl ethyl lactone to the octadecanol is as follows: (7-13): (7-13): (3-7): (3-5): (4-8): (0.5 to 2);
s2: adding the clean water into the slurry preparation tank 1;
s3: adding a foam stabilizer into the slurry preparation tank 1 in the step S2, continuously mixing, and entering the step S4;
s4: a foaming agent and a stabilizing agent are added into the slurry preparation tank 1.
Accordingly, the preparation equipment based on the preparation method in the embodiment includes the slurry preparation tank 1 and a mixing device, wherein the mixing device is used for mixing the liquid in the slurry preparation tank 1.
The foam drilling fluid comprises clear water, a treating agent and a stabilizing agent, wherein the treating agent comprises a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, and carboxymethyl starch in the foam stabilizer has good thickening, stabilizing, water-retaining, film-forming and suspending effects after being dissolved in water, is convenient to use, and is safe and environment-friendly; the carboxyethyl starch plays a role in separation inhibition, and the carboxyethyl starch can stabilize the foaming process in the foaming process of the foaming agent; the aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has the functions of thickening, film forming, adhesion, water retention, colloid protection, emulsification, suspension and the like, and the foam drilling fluid containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can enable a well wall to form a filter cake which is thin, firm and low in permeability, so that the pollution of the foam drilling fluid to a reservoir stratum is reduced, and the influence of the foam drilling fluid on the permeability is reduced. The three foam stabilizers are proportioned according to the proportion, so that the density of the foam drilling fluid can be stably reduced in the foaming process of the foaming agent, the stability of a foam structure after the foaming agent is foamed can be improved, the bubbles are separated from each other, the bubbles are similar to balloons, and the structural stability is good.
The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the foaming agent is used as an anionic surfactant, has good surface activity and stronger hydrophilicity and is used as an air entraining agent; trimethylcaprolactone is a commonly used blowing agent; octadecanol has good emulsifying property, and the three foaming agents can be foamed in a water-based environment according to the mixture ratio, so that the density of the foam drilling fluid obtained after the treating agent is dissolved in clear water is lower than that of the clear water, namely 1.00g/cm3The foam drilling fluid has the following effects that the foaming effect can be ensured to be in a reasonable range, and the density requirement of the foam drilling fluid can be met.
In detail, the preparation of the foam drilling fluid is carried out in the slurry preparation tank 1, so that the field preparation is convenient to realize, and in the preparation process, a mixing device is required to carry out continuous mixing operation on the liquid in the slurry preparation tank 1 in the whole process. When the treating agent is added into the slurry preparation tank, the foam stabilizer (carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose) needs to be slowly added, and the foam stabilizer is continuously mixed after being added, so that the foam stabilizer can be fully dissolved in clear water, and a stable foaming environment is provided for a foaming agent to be added subsequently; then slowly adding a foaming agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, trimethyl ethyl lactone and octadecanol) and a stabilizing agent, and continuously mixing until the foaming agent can be fully dissolved in water and fully foamed, wherein the foam can separate each bubble from each other under the action of the foam stabilizing agent and improve the stability of each bubble. The whole process requires mixing operation, so that the foaming is more complete, the foam stability is better, and the foam drilling fluid can be ensured to play a cooling role on the drill bit and have higher rock carrying capacity and the like.
In the foam drilling fluid, clear water is taken from the site, and the stabilizer is sodium bicarbonate, so that the material is convenient to obtain and the economical efficiency is good. In this embodiment, the stabilizer may also be sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate can ionize hydrogen ions after being dissolved in water, so that the solution is weakly alkaline, and an environment suitable for foaming is provided for the foaming agent.
In the step S1, the mass ratio of the clear water to the treating agent to the stabilizing agent is (700-1300): (25-45): (0.5-2). Ensuring that the density and rheological index of the foam drilling fluid prepared according to the steps S1-S4 can be closer to the target value.
Further, in step S1, the mass ratio of carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, trimethylethyl lactone and stearyl alcohol in each component of the treating agent is: (9.8-10.2): (9.8-10.2): (4.8-5.2): (3.8-4.2): (5.8-6.2): (0.8 to 1.2). So that the foam stabilizing effect and the foaming effect are better. Meanwhile, in the step S1, the mass ratio of the clear water to the treating agent to the stabilizing agent is (700-1300): (25-45): (0.5-2), the density and rheological property indexes of the foam drilling fluid prepared according to the steps S1-S4 meet target values, and the adjusting times can be effectively reduced.
In the above formulation method, after step S4, the following steps may be further included:
s5: detecting whether the density and rheological index of the foam drilling fluid in the slurry preparation tank 1 reach target values;
if the density and rheological index reach the target value, the preparation of the foam drilling fluid is finished;
if the density and rheological index do not reach the target value, go to step S6;
s6: if the density is higher than the target value and the rheological index is lower than the target value, adding each treating agent into the slurry preparation tank 1 according to the mass ratio in the step S1;
and if the density is lower than the target value and the rheological index is higher than the target value, adding the clean water into the slurry preparation tank 1.
At this time, the preparation apparatus includes a detection device for detecting the density and rheological index of the foam drilling fluid, and specifically, no specific requirement is made on the setting of the detection device, and how to detect the density and rheological index of the foam drilling fluid by the detection device is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not described herein again for saving space.
The foam drilling fluid preliminarily prepared (prepared according to steps S1-S4) is detected, the density and rheological property requirements of the foam drilling fluid are different due to different field environments, step S5 determines whether the density and rheological property indexes of the foam drilling fluid reach respective target values (that is, the density reaches the density target value and the rheological property index reaches the rheological property index target value) according to the requirements of the current working condition, if the density and rheological property indexes reach the respective target values, the preparation of the foam drilling fluid is completed, and if the density and rheological property indexes of the foam drilling fluid do not reach the respective target values, the density and rheological property indexes of the foam drilling fluid are adjusted through step S6 until the density and rheological property indexes reach the respective target.
The addition of the clear water or each treating agent can be specifically adjusted according to different requirements. When the foam drilling fluid is prepared in a mining field, due to the fact that the requirements on the density range of the foam drilling fluid are different due to different reservoir types, the addition amount of the clear water and the treating agent can be adjusted according to specific working conditions on the field, so that the foam drilling fluid can be suitable for the reservoir layers of different types, and the applicability is good.
In the above examples, the target value of the density was 0.75g/cm3～1.00g/cm3(ii) a Target values for the rheological index include: an apparent viscosity of 15 to 35 mPas, a plastic viscosity of 8 to 25 mPas, a dynamic shear force of 10 to 25 mPas, and a dynamic plastic ratio of 0.6 to 1.0 Pa/(mPas). The foam drilling fluid with the density and rheological index reaching the target values can meet the requirements of different reservoirs under normal conditions.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in step S3, adding the foam stabilizer into the slurry preparation tank includes sequentially adding carboxymethyl starch, carboxyethyl starch, and carboxymethyl cellulose into the slurry preparation tank; in step S4, adding the foaming agent into the slurry preparation tank includes sequentially adding sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, trimethylethyllactone, and octadecanol into the slurry preparation tank. The adding sequence of the foam stabilizer and each foaming agent is limited, so that the foaming effect can be ensured to be more stable.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in step S3, after adding the foam stabilizer and continuously mixing for a first preset time, the process proceeds to step S4; in step S4, mixing is continued for a second predetermined time after the addition of the blowing agent. The setting of first preset time can guarantee that the foam stabilizer is fully dissolved in water to can provide a more stable foaming environment for the foaming of foamer, and the setting of second preset time can guarantee that each foamer can fully dissolve in water, and can foam completely, guarantee the foaming effect.
In the above embodiment, the first preset time and the second preset time are 20min to 30 min. The first preset time and the second preset time can be the same or different, no specific limitation is imposed on the time, and the mixing operation in 20-30 min can ensure that the foam stabilizer and the foaming agent can fully act to improve the foaming effect and the stability.
The mixing operation is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and the mixing operation is an agitation or circulation fluid operation in this embodiment. Correspondingly, the mixing means of the preparation apparatus are the stirring means 2 arranged in the slurry tank 1 when the mixing action is stirring, and the mixing means comprise a fluid pump 32 and a line 31 when the mixing action is circulating fluid action. The fluid pump 32 is arranged outside the slurry preparation tank 1, the pipeline 31 is communicated with the slurry preparation tank 1 and forms a circulating fluid loop, and the liquid in the circulating fluid loop can be circulated under the action of the fluid pump 32, that is, the fluid pump 32 can drive the liquid in the circulating fluid loop to circulate so as to mix the liquid in the slurry preparation tank 1. During the preparation process, the feeding device 4 can directly feed the inorganic salt and the clear water into the top opening of the slurry preparation tank 1, or the feeding device 4 feeds the inorganic salt and the clear water through a funnel 33 arranged on the pipeline 31.
In addition, when foam drilling fluid is prepared on site, the volume of the slurry preparation tank 1 is not less than 10m3So as to meet the requirements of site construction, and meanwhile, the existing slurry preparation tank 1 can be directly used without additional arrangement,the economy is good. If the mixing operation is stirring, the stirring speed of the stirring device 2 is not less than 70r/min, and if the mixing operation is a circulating fluid action, the discharge capacity of the fluid pump 32 is not less than 12m3H, so as to realize the sufficient mixing of the liquid in the slurry preparation tank 1.
The following is the density change condition of the foam drilling fluid after adjusting the addition amount of clear water or the treating agent in the process of preparing the foam drilling fluid by the preparation method and the preparation equipment.
Preparing foam drilling fluid, and adjusting the adding proportion of a foaming agent according to gradient, wherein the density of the point A is the following mass ratio of the components: the density of the foam drilling fluid prepared from 1000 parts of clean water, 10 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 10 parts of carboxyethyl starch, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6 parts of trimethyl ethyl lactone, 1 part of octadecanol and 1 part of sodium bicarbonate is gradually increased at intervals of 0.25, 0.5 and 0.25, and B, C, D, E points are continuously recorded in total of 4 points, specifically, the mass ratio of the components is on the basis that the clean water is 1000 parts of clean water, 10 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 10 parts of carboxyethyl starch, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of sodium bicarbonate are unchanged, and the foaming agent at the point B is 4.25 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6.5 parts of trimethyl ethyl lactone and 1.25 parts of octadecanol; the foaming agent at the point C is 4.5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 7 parts of trimethyl ethyl lactone and 1.5 parts of octadecanol; the foaming agent at the point D is 4.75 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 7.5 parts of trimethyl ethyl lactone and 1.75 parts of octadecanol; the foaming agent at the point E is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 5, trimethyl ethyl lactone 8 and octadecanol 2.
And measuring the density of the foam drilling fluid at the B point, the C point, the D point and the E point respectively by using a density scale, and comparing the density distribution of the foam drilling fluid at the 5 points, wherein the density distribution is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Density distribution of foam drilling fluids
And (II) preparing foam drilling fluid, regulating the addition amount of clear water according to gradient, gradually increasing the addition amount of the clear water at 50 intervals on the basis of the point A to dilute the foam drilling fluid at the point A, continuously recording F, G, H, J points (the addition amounts of the clear water are 1050, 1100, 1150 and 1200 in sequence), respectively measuring the density of the foam drilling fluid at the points F, G, H and J by using a density scale, and comparing the density distribution of the foam drilling fluid at the points 5, wherein the density distribution is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Density distribution of foam drilling fluids
It can be seen that the density of 0.75-1.00 g/cm can be realized by adjusting the proportion of the solid-free foam drilling fluid treating agent3And (5) adjusting within the range. Specifically, as can be seen from table 1, the density of the foam drilling fluid can be reduced by increasing the proportion of the foaming agent in the foam drilling fluid; it can be seen from table 2 that the density of the foam drilling fluid can be increased by increasing the proportion of the clear water in the foam drilling fluid. And with the addition of the foaming agent, the density of the prepared foam drilling fluid is changed stably, and the foam drilling fluid with the target density is obtained through control.
In the preparation process of the foam drilling fluid, no solid-phase material is contained, so that the foam drilling fluid has small influence on the permeability of the stratum, the reservoir can be effectively protected, and the yield of the three gases cannot be influenced.
The following is a test of the pollution degree of the foam drilling fluid prepared by the preparation method and the preparation equipment in this embodiment to different core types (i.e. different reservoirs), wherein the core types include tight sandstone, coal bed and shale, and in the test, the different core types are set to be plungers with the size of 38mm × 70 mm. Referring to the national standard SY/T5336-1996, the driving pressure is set to be 2MPa, and the confining pressure is set to be 2.5 MPa. The original permeability of the core gas and the permeability of the gas contaminated with the foam drilling fluid in this example were measured with standard brine, respectively, and the permeability recovery after contamination was calculated, the results of which are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 degree of contamination of different core types with foam drilling fluids
Therefore, after the foam drilling fluid provided by the embodiment pollutes three types of core plungers such as compact sandstone, coal bed and shale, the plunger permeability recovery rates are 91.67%, 93.55% and 84.21%, and the permeability recovery effect is ideal, which indicates that the foam drilling fluid has ideal leakage control effect for three types of reservoirs and has low pollution degree to the stratum.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
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Inventor after: Meng Shangzhi Inventor after: Wei Panfeng Inventor after: Yang Gang Inventor after: Zheng Lihui Inventor after: Ma Tengfei Inventor after: Lin Liang Inventor after: Zhang Linqiang Inventor after: Zhao Wei Inventor after: Wu Jian Inventor after: Chen Xiaobo Inventor before: Meng Shangzhi Inventor before: Yang Gang Inventor before: Zheng Lihui Inventor before: Ma Tengfei Inventor before: Lin Liang Inventor before: Zhang Linqiang Inventor before: Chen Xiaobo Inventor before: Wei Panfeng |