Background technique
In recent years, with the rapid development of domestic city infrastructure, super-large diameter crosses the excessively extra large vcehicular tunnel construction in river
More and more, the construction in tunnel also gradually develops to major diameter, great burying direction.
Shield Method has the advantages that mechanization degree is high, tunnel quality is high, small on surrounding enviroment influence.It is suitable
The formation condition and functional requirement of different regions are answered, the type of shield machine is also further developed.Normal pressure removable cutting tool
Cutterhead can be safer during a long distance driving the inspection of carry out cutter and replacement, can preferably adapt to compound
The variation on stratum, meanwhile, there is also cutterhead aperture opening ratios it is small, cutterhead thickness is big the disadvantages of.
Shield is rich in clay mineral matter, partial size is small and sticky big, and cutter is cut when argillaceous siltstoue stratum is tunneled in the soil body
The dregs chipped away is since cutterhead aperture opening ratio is small, cutter head panel front dregs poor fluidity, dregs enter muddy water cabin distance etc.
Reason, it is easy to stick together around cutter head panel and cutter, form hard and thick mud cake in cutterhead, wrap up cutter, substantially reduce
The cutting power of cutter, influences driving speed, meanwhile, shield is tunneled for a long time, and incrusted cutter head panel and face be long
Time grinding will lead to the raising of cutter head panel temperature, and there are certain security risks.
Wang Shengyong, Li Hong etc. are public in Chinese patent " a kind of shield cutter panel flushing system " (201710521193.9)
The flushing system for having opened a kind of shield cutter panel is installed on normal pressure tool changing knife bucket for the cutterhead of normal pressure removable cutting tool
Flushing system washes away cutter head panel progress high pressure muddy water by installing rinse mouth on knife bucket panel, while can be periodically by knife
Bucket extraction cleaning, solves the problems, such as that rinse mouth is easy blocking to a certain extent.
But existing cutter head panel flushing system is only that high pressure muddy water or high pressure clear water are rinsed cutter head panel,
It is limited to the size of flushing flow rate, pressure and rinse mouth, be easy to cause rinse mouth to block in practical tunneling process, influences cutterhead
Panel flushing effect, dredging rinse mouth can influence drivage efficiency to a certain degree.
Summary of the invention
In view of existing in the prior art or potential some problems, the present invention provides one kind for coping with shield cutter knot
The physical control method and control system of mud cake can effectively prevent dregs being adhered on cutter head panel, slow down mud cake
It generates.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
In a first aspect, providing a kind of for coping with the incrusted physical control systems of shield cutter comprising be connected to
The high-pressure air pipe of the flushing pipeline of former shield panel flushing system is equipped with booster water pump, the high pressure gas in the flushing pipeline
The entrance of pipe is connected to high-pressure air source, and the outlet of the high-pressure air pipe is connected to the export pipeline of the booster water pump.
In some embodiments of the control system, the high-pressure air pipe is equipped with gas flow sensor and gas pressure
Force snesor.
In some embodiments of the control system, the inlet of the high-pressure air pipe is equipped with the first ball valve.
In some embodiments of the control system, it is described original shield panel flushing system include by pressure duct successively
The water source, booster water pump and rinse mouth are connected, the rinse mouth is connected to shield cutter panel.
In some embodiments of the control system, the water source uses high pressure muddy water or high pressure clear water.
In some embodiments of the control system, the second ball valve is equipped between the water source and the booster water pump,
Pipeline between the outlet for being exported to the high-pressure air pipe of booster water pump is equipped with third ball valve, the outlet of the high-pressure air pipe
Pipeline between to the rinse mouth is equipped with the 4th ball valve.
In some embodiments of the control system, the pipeline of the high-pressure air pipe being exported between the rinse mouth
It is equipped with flowmeter.
In some embodiments of the control system, the pressure of the high-pressure air source is controlled in shield cutter excavation face
The heart supports 1.8~2.2 times of pressure.
In some embodiments of the control system, the flow control of the high-pressure air source is in 8m3/ h~12m3/h。
Second aspect provides one kind for coping with the incrusted physical control method of shield cutter, and spy includes:
It is equipped in an at least high-pressure air pipe in parallel in the flushing pipeline of former shield panel flushing system, the flushing pipeline
Booster water pump, the entrance of the high-pressure air pipe are connected to high-pressure air source, and the outlet of the high-pressure air pipe is connected to the pressurized water
The export pipeline of pump;
It is carried out in shield panel flush operation in the former shield panel flushing system, by the high-pressure air pipe to former shield
The high-pressure air source is injected in the pressure duct of structure panel flushing system.
Cutter head panel mud cake is washed away relative to single muddy water, it is as follows that the present invention has advantage:
1, its mechanism of action is similar with high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile soil mass consolidation, high pressure gas, muddy water mixture pass through center rinse
Pipeline forms high pressure jet stream at tube outlet, reduces the energy loss of single water flow, to knot in cutter head center panel
Mud cake causes impact failure, and when energy is big, speed is fast and arterial jet stream is greater than the intensity of mud cake, filter cake texture can be by one
The destruction of degree is determined, to be detached from from cutter head panel.
2, expansion of the compressed gas in muddy water is spread, and the water flow generated around bubble is poor, is formd and is produced by velocity gradient
Raw stress can effectively prevent dregs being adhered on cutter head panel, slow down the generation of mud cake.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
The flushing system of existing shield cutter panel, mainly for the cutterhead of normal pressure removable cutting tool, in normal pressure tool changing knife
Flushing system is installed on bucket, cutter head panel progress high pressure muddy water is washed away by installing rinse mouth on knife bucket panel, while can
Periodically knife bucket is extracted out and is cleared up, solves the problems, such as that rinse mouth is easy blocking to a certain extent.
However, existing cutter head panel flushing system is only that high pressure muddy water or high pressure clear water are rinsed cutter head panel,
It is limited to the size of flushing flow rate, pressure and rinse mouth, be easy to cause rinse mouth to block in practical tunneling process, influences cutterhead
Panel flushing effect, dredging rinse mouth can influence drivage efficiency to a certain degree.
Therefore, the present invention comes into being, and washes away mode for the single muddy water of existing cutter head panel flushing system, washes away energy
Power is limited, the bad problem of flushing effect, provides a kind of completely new for coping with the incrusted physical control side of shield cutter
Method and control system.Also, physical control method is used, chemical control method is compared, corrosive chemical substance will not be introduced
And damage cutterhead or shield facility.
The present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig.1, the embodiment of the invention provides one kind for coping with the incrusted physical control system of shield cutter
System, mainly improves on the former shield panel flushing system of shield machine, increases an at least high-pressure air pipe 11, the high pressure
The entrance of tracheae 11 is connected to high-pressure air source 10, and the outlet of the high-pressure air pipe 11 is connected to former shield panel and is washed away by threeway is
The pressure duct 21 of system, i.e., on the pressure duct 21 of former shield panel flushing system and connecing a high-pressure air pipe 11.Former shield face
The pressure duct 21 of plate flushing system is connected to shield cutter panel, for leading to high-pressure water 22, is rinsed by high-pressure water 22
Shield cutter panel.
The embodiment of the present invention is passed through by the pressure duct 21 of former shield panel flushing system and connecing high-pressure air pipe 11
High-pressure air pipe 11 is filled with high-pressure air source 10 into pressure duct 21, can form the effect similar with high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile soil mass consolidation
Mechanism, high-pressure air source 10, high-pressure water 22 mixture by pressure duct 21, high pressure jet stream is formed at tube outlet,
The energy loss for reducing single water flow, the mud cake to knot in cutter head center panel causes impact failure, when energy is big, speed is fast
When being greater than the intensity of mud cake with arterial jet stream, filter cake texture can be by a degree of destruction, to be detached from from cutter head panel.
Moreover, expansion of the high-pressure air source 10 in muddy water is spread, the water flow generated around bubble is poor, forms by velocity gradient generation
Stress can effectively prevent dregs being adhered on cutter head panel, slow down the generation of mud cake.
Further, booster water pump 23 is equipped in the flushing pipeline 21 of former shield panel flushing system, high-pressure air pipe 11
Entrance is connected to high-pressure air source 10, and the outlet of high-pressure air pipe 11 is connected to the export pipeline of booster water pump 23.High-pressure air source 10
Be added position should on the export pipeline of booster water pump 23 ,=booster water pump 23 can be entered to avoid high-pressure air source 10, cause pair
Booster water pump 23 damages.
It is worth mentioning that: the pressure and flushing pipeline outlet pressure of high-pressure air source 10 are higher, to the mud of cutter head panel
Cake scouring effect is better, but unsuitable excessively high, and being considered as tracheae, connecting flange, ball valve allows pressure security value, booster water pump
The pressure control of high-pressure air source 10 is generally supported pressure in shield cutter focal point of working by the gas supply capacity of power and gas source
1.8~2.2 times, preferably control at 2 times or so.
The flow control of high-pressure air source, by the flow control of high-pressure air source 10 in 8m in the present embodiment3/ h~12m3/ h, it is excellent
Selected control system is in 10m3/h。
General gas flow flow can have biggish fluctuation, and gas flow is bigger, and the effect washed away is better, but for muddy water gas
Balance shield machine after compressed gas washes away cutter head panel by washing away pipeline, can be present in four places: at the top of muddy water cabin, gas
Cabin, the face soil body and mud line are steeped, compression gas flow is excessive to be unfavorable for the stable control in front, should check muddy water in time
With the presence or absence of gas and close attention spoil disposal changes in flow rate at the top of cabin, deflation inspection is carried out to mud line in time.Wherein lead to
The communicating valve opened at the top of front deck is crossed, checks that front deck whether there is gas, if the pipeline outflow connected from communicating valve is not full
The muddy water of pipe illustrates to restore to promote after gas discharges there are certain gas at the top of muddy water cabin;Observe spoil disposal in progradation
Changes in flow rate becomes larger extremely suddenly if there is spoil disposal flow, illustrates have gas by spoil disposal flow detection sensor, should stop at this time
Thrust after spoil disposal stability of flow into restoring to promote again;It deflates to mud line and to check mainly by reserving on muddy water pipeline
Deflation ball valve is realized, deflation ball valve gas if it exists is opened, and should restore to promote after gas discharges.
Meanwhile gas flow sensor and gas pressure sensor are set on high-pressure air pipe 11, it is passed using gas flow
The flow and pressure of sensor and the high-pressure air source 10 in gas pressure sensor real time monitoring high-pressure air pipe 11, guarantee flushing process
In high-pressure air source 10 flow and pressure in above-mentioned OK range.
Preferably, it is equipped with the first ball valve 12 in the inlet of high-pressure air pipe 11, it is logical for opening and closing and adjusting high-pressure air pipe 11
High-pressure air source 10 controls flow and pressure.
Former shield panel flushing system is the prior art, and mainly have: fixed wash away is washed away with changeable type.Wherein, Gu
Fixed pattern flushing system rinse mouth is fixed on cutter head panel, is suitable for all types cutter head of shield machine, changeable type flushing system
Rinse mouth, which is mounted on, can be cleared up and be replaced by taking out knife, suitable for having normal pressure on normal pressure more tool changing bucket surface
Replace the cutter head of shield machine of cutter.The high-pressure water of flushing system can be high pressure muddy water and high pressure clear water, be respectively suitable for mud
Aqueous vapor balance shield machine and earth pressure shield tunneling machine.
As shown in Figure 1, the former shield panel flushing system of the present embodiment includes being sequentially connected high pressure water by pressure duct 21
Source 22, booster water pump 23 and rinse mouth 24, rinse mouth 24 are connected to shield cutter panel, and check valve is arranged at rinse mouth 24
29。
The second ball valve 25 is equipped between high-pressure water 22 and booster water pump 23, booster water pump 23 is exported to high-pressure air pipe 11
Outlet between pipeline be equipped with third ball valve 26, the pipeline being exported between rinse mouth 24 of high-pressure air pipe 11 is equipped with the
Four ball valves 27.Wherein, the second ball valve 25, third ball valve 26 and the 4th ball valve 27 and aforementioned first ball valve 12 can also be used other
The control valve of type replaces, the flow of pipeline where major function is exactly opening and closing and adjusts.
It is additionally provided with flowmeter 28 on the pipeline of high-pressure air pipe 11 being exported between rinse mouth 24, for monitoring high-pressure air source
With the mixed flow of high-pressure water, and it is enabled to be in safe range.
Preferably, the high-pressure air source 10 in the present embodiment uses compressed gas, can be provided by air compressor machine, specifications parameter answers root
Depending on requiring according to Specific construction, for muddy water and air balance shield machine, pressure directly can be provided using the air compressor machine that shield machine carries
Contracting gas, the pressure of general compressed gas supports 2 times of pressure in front center, and is no more than tracheae, connecting flange and ball valve
Permission pressure security value.
Through the improved a whole set of shield cutter panel rinse-system of the present invention, mainly by high-pressure water, booster water pump, flushing
Mouth, pressure duct (passing through center steering), several ball valves and the composition such as flow and pressure sensor.Physical control side of the invention
Method is on this basis, in addition to increase compressed air all the way, and the outlet of booster water pump is connected to by high-pressure air source and high-pressure air pipe
On pipeline, ejected together from rinse mouth by the high pressure water and increased high pressure gas of booster water pump, to the mud cake of cutter head panel
Strength is carried out to wash away.
The method of shield cutter panel washed away is carried out using above-mentioned improved shield cutter panel rinse-system, mainly
Include:
Pressurization is equipped in an at least high-pressure air pipe in parallel in the flushing pipeline of former shield panel flushing system, flushing pipeline
Water pump, the entrance of high-pressure air pipe are connected to high-pressure air source, and the outlet of high-pressure air pipe is connected to the export pipeline of booster water pump;
Rush by high-pressure air pipe to former shield panel in shield panel flush operation in former shield panel flushing system
High-pressure air source is injected in the pressure duct of brush system.
Cutter head panel mud cake is washed away relative to single muddy water, it is as follows that the present invention has advantage:
1, its mechanism of action is similar with high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile soil mass consolidation, high pressure gas, muddy water mixture pass through center rinse
Pipeline forms high pressure jet stream at tube outlet, reduces the energy loss of single water flow, to knot in cutter head center panel
Mud cake causes impact failure, and when energy is big, speed is fast and arterial jet stream is greater than the intensity of mud cake, filter cake texture can be by one
The destruction of degree is determined, to be detached from from cutter head panel.
2, expansion of the compressed gas in muddy water is spread, and the water flow generated around bubble is poor, is formd and is produced by velocity gradient
Raw stress can effectively prevent dregs being adhered on cutter head panel, slow down the generation of mud cake.
It should be noted that this specification structure depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings, ratio, size etc., only to cooperate
The bright revealed content of book is not intended to limit the invention enforceable limit so that those skilled in the art understands and reads
Fixed condition, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size, not
It influences still fall in disclosed technology contents under the effect of present invention can be generated and the purpose that can reach and obtain
In the range of capable of covering.Meanwhile it is cited such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", " centre " and " one " in this specification
Term is merely convenient to being illustrated for narration, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, the change of relativeness or tune
It is whole, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does limitation in any form to the present invention, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, in the range of not departing from technical solution of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or repair
Decorations are the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention content, technology according to the present invention are real
Matter any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention
It is interior.