CN109268117A - Vehicle regenerative control method and device - Google Patents
Vehicle regenerative control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268117A CN109268117A CN201811148995.0A CN201811148995A CN109268117A CN 109268117 A CN109268117 A CN 109268117A CN 201811148995 A CN201811148995 A CN 201811148995A CN 109268117 A CN109268117 A CN 109268117A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/12—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制方法,该方法可以获得车辆的再生状态,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型,并确定该外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态,将车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态进行比对,如果不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态。可见,本申请可以根据车辆所处的外界环境对车辆再生状态的要求,来调整车辆的再生状态,实现了对车辆再生状态的自动控制,避免了车辆给外界环境造成的安全隐患,同时也避免车辆长期在禁止再生状态下给车辆自身造成的安全隐患。另外,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制装置,用以保证上述方法在实际中的应用及实现。The present application provides a vehicle regeneration control method, which can obtain a regeneration state of a vehicle, determine an external environment type in which the vehicle is located, and determine a target regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type, and regenerate the vehicle regeneration state and target. The states are compared, and if they do not match, the regeneration state of the vehicle is adjusted to the target regeneration state. It can be seen that the present application can adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle according to the requirements of the environment in which the vehicle is located, and realize the automatic control of the vehicle regeneration state, thereby avoiding the safety hazard caused by the vehicle to the external environment and avoiding the safety hazard caused by the vehicle to the external environment. The vehicle poses a safety hazard to the vehicle itself in the long-term prohibition of regeneration. In addition, the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control device for ensuring the application and implementation of the above method in practice.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及车辆技术领域,更具体地,是车辆再生控制方法及装置。The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a vehicle regeneration control method and apparatus.
背景技术Background technique
车辆行驶需要靠柴油等能源提供动力,能源燃烧过程会产生包含碳颗粒的排放物,从而对环境造成污染。为了实现节能环保,目前一些车辆根据碳积量对发动机进行再生处理操作。Vehicles need to be powered by diesel and other energy sources. The energy combustion process produces emissions containing carbon particles, which can pollute the environment. In order to achieve energy saving and environmental protection, some vehicles currently perform regeneration processing operations on the engine according to the amount of carbon accumulation.
再生,指的是当DPF(DPF-Diesel Particulate Filer,柴油机颗粒捕集器)内碳载量积累到一定值时,喷射单元向排气管路内喷射柴油,利用柴油的氧化反应放热,提高DPF内温度,使DPF内碳颗粒物进行高温氧化反应,生产CO和CO2,从而减少碳载量。可见,再生过程可以减少DPF的碳载量。Regeneration means that when the carbon load in the DPF (DPF-Diesel Particulate Filer) accumulates to a certain value, the injection unit injects diesel into the exhaust line, and uses the oxidation reaction of diesel to release heat. The temperature inside the DPF causes the carbon particles in the DPF to undergo high-temperature oxidation reaction to produce CO and CO2, thereby reducing the carbon load. It can be seen that the regeneration process can reduce the carbon load of the DPF.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制方法,用于对车辆发动机的再生过程进行控制,避免再生过程中可能发生的问题。另外,本申请还提供了一种车辆再生控制装置,用以保证所述方法在实际中的应用及实现。In view of this, the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control method for controlling a regeneration process of a vehicle engine to avoid problems that may occur during regeneration. In addition, the present application also provides a vehicle regeneration control device for ensuring the application and implementation of the method in practice.
为实现所述目的,本申请提供的技术方案如下:To achieve the stated object, the technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:
第一方面,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制方法,包括:In a first aspect, the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control method, including:
获得车辆的再生状态;Obtaining the regeneration state of the vehicle;
在预设的外界环境类型中,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型;其中所述预设的外界环境类型是依据是否能够进行再生处理所划分的环境类型;Determining, in a preset external environment type, an external environment type in which the vehicle is located; wherein the preset external environment type is an environment type classified according to whether regeneration processing is possible;
确定所述外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态;Determining a target regeneration state corresponding to the type of the external environment;
如果所述车辆的再生状态与所述目标再生状态不一致,则将所述车辆的再生状态调整至所述目标再生状态。If the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with the target regeneration state, the regeneration state of the vehicle is adjusted to the target regeneration state.
第二方面,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制装置,包括:In a second aspect, the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control device, including:
车辆再生状态获得单元,用于获得车辆的再生状态;a vehicle regeneration state obtaining unit for obtaining a regeneration state of the vehicle;
外界环境类型确定单元,用于在预设的外界环境类型中,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型;其中所述预设的外界环境类型是依据是否能够进行再生处理所划分的环境类型;The external environment type determining unit is configured to determine, in a preset external environment type, an external environment type in which the vehicle is located; wherein the preset external environment type is an environment type classified according to whether the regeneration process can be performed;
目标再生状态确定单元,用于确定所述外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态;a target regeneration state determining unit, configured to determine a target regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type;
车辆再生状态调整单元,用于如果所述车辆的再生状态与所述目标再生状态不一致,则将所述车辆的再生状态调整至所述目标再生状态。The vehicle regeneration state adjustment unit is configured to adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle to the target regeneration state if the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with the target regeneration state.
由以上技术方案可知,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制方法,该方法可以获得车辆的再生状态,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型,并确定该外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态,将车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态进行比对,如果不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态。可见,本申请可以根据车辆所处的外界环境对车辆再生状态的要求,来调整车辆的再生状态,实现了对车辆再生状态的自动控制,避免了车辆给外界环境造成的安全隐患,同时也避免车辆长期在禁止再生状态下给车辆自身造成的安全隐患。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control method, which can obtain a regeneration state of a vehicle, determine an external environment type in which the vehicle is located, and determine a target regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type, and the vehicle The regeneration state is compared with the target regeneration state, and if not, the regeneration state of the vehicle is adjusted to the target regeneration state. It can be seen that the present application can adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle according to the requirements of the environment in which the vehicle is located, and realize the automatic control of the vehicle regeneration state, thereby avoiding the safety hazard caused by the vehicle to the external environment and avoiding the safety hazard caused by the vehicle to the external environment. The vehicle poses a safety hazard to the vehicle itself in the long-term prohibition of regeneration.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without any creative work.
图1为本申请提供的车辆再生方法的一种流程图;1 is a flow chart of a method for regenerating a vehicle provided by the present application;
图2为本申请提供的车辆再生方法的另一流程图;2 is another flow chart of a vehicle regeneration method provided by the present application;
图3为本申请提供的确定车辆的再生状态的一种实现结构图;3 is an implementation structural diagram of determining a regeneration state of a vehicle provided by the present application;
图4为本申请提供的确定车辆处于安全位置还是危险位置的一种实现结构图;4 is an implementation structural diagram of determining whether a vehicle is in a safe position or a dangerous position provided by the present application;
图5为本申请提供的确定车辆行驶状态的一种结构示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of determining a running state of a vehicle according to the present application; FIG.
图6为本申请提供的车辆再生装置的一种结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle regeneration device provided by the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the present application.
车辆发动机的再生过程,可以减少柴油机颗粒捕集器DPF内的碳积累量,减少碳排放量对环境造成的污染。其中DPF(DPF-Diesel Particulate Filer,柴油机颗粒捕集器)安装在柴油发动机后处理系统中的陶瓷过滤器,它可以将排放物中的碳烟颗粒吸附在陶瓷壁面上。The regeneration process of the vehicle engine can reduce the carbon accumulation in the diesel particulate trap DPF and reduce the environmental pollution caused by carbon emissions. Among them, DPF (DPF-Diesel Particulate Filer) is a ceramic filter installed in a diesel engine after-treatment system, which can adsorb soot particles in the exhaust on the ceramic wall.
电控单元(Electronic Control Unit,ECU),也可以称为发动机控制器,可以根据柴油机颗粒捕集器DPF内碳载量的情况,自主控制是否进行再生处理,也就是说,再生处理可能在任何时候任何环境进行。但是再生过程可能会产生一定危险性,例如再生过程可以产生热量,车辆处于再生过程中时,后处理箱温度较高,部分位置可达到200℃,因此当车辆位于一些对温度有要求的环境中如加油站等时,会给周围环境造成一定程度的危险。The Electronic Control Unit (ECU), also known as the engine controller, can autonomously control whether or not to perform regeneration processing according to the carbon load in the diesel particulate trap DPF. That is, the regeneration process may be in any When any environment is in progress. However, the regeneration process may have certain risks. For example, the regeneration process can generate heat. When the vehicle is in the process of regeneration, the temperature of the post-treatment tank is high, and some positions can reach 200 ° C. Therefore, when the vehicle is located in some environment where temperature is required. If it is a gas station, it will cause a certain degree of danger to the surrounding environment.
为了给驾驶员提供一些人为控制能力,车辆上可以设置再生禁止开关,在该开关被开启的情况下,可以禁止再生处理流程的开启。但是再生处理流程被禁止后,例如有时驾驶员在开启再生禁止开关之后可能忘记取消再生禁止开关,从而可能会给车辆造成安全隐患。In order to provide the driver with some artificial control capability, a regeneration prohibition switch can be set on the vehicle, and in the case where the switch is turned on, the regeneration processing flow can be prohibited from being turned on. However, after the regeneration process is prohibited, for example, the driver may forget to cancel the regeneration prohibition switch after turning on the regeneration prohibition switch, which may cause a safety hazard to the vehicle.
本申请提供了一种车辆再生的控制流程,如图1所示,该流程可以具体包括步骤S101~S104。The present application provides a control flow of vehicle regeneration. As shown in FIG. 1 , the flow may specifically include steps S101 to S104.
S101:获得车辆的再生状态。S101: Obtain a regeneration state of the vehicle.
其中,再生状态表示的是再生处理流程是否被允许的状态,或者可以理解为表示的是再生处理流程是否被禁止的状态。或者可以理解为,再生状态包括两种,允许或者禁止。Here, the reproduction state indicates a state in which the regeneration processing flow is permitted, or can be understood as a state indicating whether or not the regeneration processing flow is prohibited. Or it can be understood that the regeneration state includes two types, permission or prohibition.
车辆的再生状态可以是由控制单元决定的,例如控制单元根据车辆状况判断,在车辆状况满足禁止条件的情况下,可以禁止车辆进入再生处理流程。在这种实现方式中,可以从控制单元的控制信息中获取车辆的再生状态。The regeneration state of the vehicle may be determined by the control unit. For example, the control unit determines based on the vehicle condition, and may prohibit the vehicle from entering the regeneration processing flow if the vehicle condition satisfies the prohibition condition. In this implementation, the regeneration state of the vehicle can be obtained from the control information of the control unit.
或者如上,车辆可以设置再生禁止开关,驾驶员可以人工开启该开关,禁止车辆进入再生处理流程。在再生禁止开关被取消的情况下,可以允许车辆进入再生处理流程。在这种实现方式中,可以获取再生禁止开关的状态,该状态可能为开启也可能为取消。如果再生禁止开关的状态为开启,可以确定再生状态为禁止进入再生流程;相反,可以确定再生状态为允许进入再生流程。Or as above, the vehicle can be provided with a regeneration prohibition switch, and the driver can manually turn on the switch to prohibit the vehicle from entering the regeneration process. In the case where the regeneration prohibition switch is canceled, the vehicle can be allowed to enter the regeneration processing flow. In this implementation, the state of the regeneration inhibit switch can be obtained, which may be either on or off. If the state of the regeneration inhibit switch is on, it can be determined that the regeneration state is prohibited from entering the regeneration process; on the contrary, it can be determined that the regeneration state is allowed to enter the regeneration process.
或者在一种可能的实现方式中,再生禁止开关可以替换为再生允许开关。再生允许开关实现的功能与再生禁止开关一样,只不过是,两者实现方式不同,再生允许开关在被开启的情况下,实现的是允许再生处理流程的执行,再生允许开关在被取消的情况下,实现的是禁止再生处理处理的执行。同样,可以获得再生允许开关的状态,该状态可能为开启也可能为取消,与再生禁止开关状态同理,根据再生允许开关的状态可以确定车辆的再生状态。Or in one possible implementation, the regeneration inhibit switch can be replaced with a regeneration enable switch. The function of the regeneration enable switch is the same as that of the regeneration prohibition switch. However, the implementation of the two is different. When the regeneration enable switch is turned on, the execution of the regeneration process is allowed, and the regeneration permission switch is cancelled. Next, it is implemented that the execution of the regeneration processing is prohibited. Similarly, the state of the regeneration permission switch can be obtained, which may be either on or off, similar to the regeneration prohibition switch state, and the regeneration state of the vehicle can be determined according to the state of the regeneration permission switch.
车辆的再生状态是否合适,需要看该再生状态与车辆所处的外界环境是否匹配。因此,下一步骤来确定车辆的外界环境状况。Whether the regeneration state of the vehicle is appropriate depends on whether the regeneration state matches the external environment in which the vehicle is located. Therefore, the next step is to determine the external environmental conditions of the vehicle.
S102:在预设的外界环境类型中,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型;其中预设的外界环境类型是依据是否能够进行再生处理所划分的环境类型。S102: Determine, in a preset external environment type, an external environment type in which the vehicle is located; wherein the preset external environment type is an environment type classified according to whether the regeneration process can be performed.
在实施前,本申请对应用场景进行分析后,预先设置两种外界环境类型,分别为安全环境及危险环境。安全环境还是危险环境,划分依据是车辆所处的外界环境是否能够进行再生处理流程。Before the implementation, the application analyzes the application scenarios and presets two types of external environments, namely a security environment and a dangerous environment. The safe environment is also a dangerous environment, based on whether the external environment in which the vehicle is located can be recycled.
具体来说,车辆在进行再生处理流程时,局部位置会产生高温,如果车辆所处的外界环境为禁止高温的环境如加油站点等,车辆会给周围环境带来一定危险。可见,在这些外界环境中,车辆并不能够进入再生处理流程,进而可以将这些环境标记为危险环境。相反,如果外界环境并没有高温限制,这个外界环境可以标记为安全环境,车辆在安全环境中能够进行再生处理流程。通过上述说明也可以认为,危险环境还是安全环境,划分依据是对高温是否有限制要求的环境。Specifically, when the vehicle performs the regeneration process, the local location will generate high temperature. If the external environment of the vehicle is a high temperature prohibiting environment, such as a fueling station, the vehicle will bring certain danger to the surrounding environment. It can be seen that in these external environments, vehicles are not able to enter the recycling process and can mark these environments as hazardous environments. Conversely, if the external environment does not have a high temperature limit, the external environment can be marked as a safe environment, and the vehicle can perform a regeneration process in a safe environment. According to the above description, it can be considered that the hazardous environment is also a safe environment, and the basis is based on whether there is a restriction on the high temperature.
预设的外界环境类型包括以上两种,在实际应用中,可以获得车辆的位置等信息,对车辆的位置等信息进行分析后,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型具体为哪一种。The preset external environment types include the above two types. In actual applications, information such as the position of the vehicle can be obtained, and after analyzing the information such as the position of the vehicle, it is determined which type of external environment the vehicle is in.
或者,还可以将外界环境划分为更多的种类,而不仅局限于以上两种。只要为不同的外界环境类型设置其所对应的再生状态即可。Alternatively, the external environment can be divided into more types, not limited to the above two. As long as the corresponding regeneration state is set for different external environment types.
需要说明的是,前两个步骤并非局限于图示的顺序,也可以是步骤S102在前步骤S101在后,或者也可以是两个步骤同时执行。It should be noted that the first two steps are not limited to the illustrated order, and may be performed in step S102 before the previous step S101, or may be performed simultaneously in two steps.
S103:确定该外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态。S103: Determine a target regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type.
其中,除了预先设置外界环境类型,还可以设置外界环境类型所对应的再生状态。也就是说,在一种外界环境类型所代表的外界环境中,该外界环境要求再生状态为允许还是禁止。在允许状态下,车辆控制单元是可以根据碳载量来判断是否进入再生处理流程的。在禁止状态下,车辆控制单元并不能执行上述判断过程,从而车辆并不会自主进入再生处理流程。In addition to setting the external environment type in advance, it is also possible to set the regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type. That is to say, in an external environment represented by an external environment type, the external environment requires the regeneration state to be permitted or prohibited. In the allowable state, the vehicle control unit can judge whether or not to enter the regeneration process according to the carbon load. In the prohibited state, the vehicle control unit cannot perform the above-described judging process, so that the vehicle does not enter the regenerative processing flow autonomously.
根据外界环境类型对高温限制的要求,可以预先设置每种外界环境类型所对应的再生状态。根据预先设置的对应关系,可以确定出车辆所处的外界环境类型所对应的再生状态,为了便于描述,可以将该再生状态称为目标再生状态。According to the requirements of the external environment type for the high temperature limit, the regeneration state corresponding to each external environment type can be set in advance. According to the preset correspondence relationship, the regeneration state corresponding to the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is located can be determined. For convenience of description, the regeneration state can be referred to as the target regeneration state.
S104:如果车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态。S104: If the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with the target regeneration state, the regeneration state of the vehicle is adjusted to the target regeneration state.
其中,步骤S101可以获得车辆的再生状态,该再生状态为车辆实际的再生状态。步骤S103可以根据车辆所处的外界环境类型确定出,车辆所处的外界环境所要求的再生状态。将该两个再生状态进行比对,比对两者是否一致,如果一致,则说明车辆的再生状态是符合外界环境要求的,不必处理。如果两者不一致,则需要对车辆再生状态进行调整,将其调整至步骤S103所确定出的目标再生状态。Wherein, in step S101, the regeneration state of the vehicle can be obtained, and the regeneration state is the actual regeneration state of the vehicle. Step S103 can determine the regeneration state required by the external environment in which the vehicle is located according to the type of external environment in which the vehicle is located. The two regeneration states are compared to compare whether the two are consistent. If they are consistent, it indicates that the regeneration state of the vehicle is in compliance with external environmental requirements and does not have to be processed. If the two do not match, it is necessary to adjust the vehicle regeneration state and adjust it to the target regeneration state determined in step S103.
由以上技术方案可知,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制方法,该方法可以获得车辆的再生状态,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型,并确定该外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态,将车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态进行比对,如果不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态。可见,本申请可以根据车辆所处的外界环境对车辆再生状态的要求,来调整车辆的再生状态,实现了对车辆再生状态的自动控制,避免了车辆给外界环境造成的安全隐患,同时也避免车辆长期在禁止再生状态下给车辆自身造成的安全隐患。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control method, which can obtain a regeneration state of a vehicle, determine an external environment type in which the vehicle is located, and determine a target regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type, and the vehicle The regeneration state is compared with the target regeneration state, and if not, the regeneration state of the vehicle is adjusted to the target regeneration state. It can be seen that the present application can adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle according to the requirements of the environment in which the vehicle is located, and realize the automatic control of the vehicle regeneration state, thereby avoiding the safety hazard caused by the vehicle to the external environment and avoiding the safety hazard caused by the vehicle to the external environment. The vehicle poses a safety hazard to the vehicle itself in the long-term prohibition of regeneration.
具体地,车辆在危险环境如在加油站等位置时,自动进入再生禁止状态,避免了车辆高温给危险环境造成的安全隐患。同时,车辆在安全环境中,再生禁止开关可能处于被开启的状态,造成这个状态的原因可能是驾驶员手动开启该开关后忘记复位,或者驾驶员为了降低油耗违规操作等等,在这种情况下,可以强制车辆进入再生允许状态,从而避免车辆长期不进入再生处理流程导致后处理箱积碳过多而阻塞,从而保证车辆的安全。Specifically, when the vehicle is in a dangerous environment such as a gas station or the like, it automatically enters a regeneration prohibition state, thereby avoiding a safety hazard caused by the high temperature of the vehicle to the dangerous environment. At the same time, the vehicle in a safe environment, the regeneration prohibition switch may be in the opened state, the reason for this state may be that the driver forgets to reset after manually turning on the switch, or the driver in order to reduce the fuel consumption violation operation, etc., in this case Under the above, the vehicle can be forced into the regeneration permission state, thereby preventing the vehicle from entering the regeneration process for a long period of time, resulting in excessive carbon deposition in the aftertreatment box and blocking, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle.
另外,本申请提供了车辆再生控制的另一方法流程,如图2所示,该方法流程可以具体包括步骤S201~S205。In addition, the present application provides another method flow of vehicle regeneration control. As shown in FIG. 2, the method flow may specifically include steps S201-S205.
S201:根据再生禁止开关的状态,确定车辆的再生状态。S201: Determine a regeneration state of the vehicle according to a state of the regeneration prohibition switch.
其中,在实际应用中,为了防止再生禁止开关一直处于闭合状态,将再生禁止开关设置为自复位式开关。再生禁止开关的一个实现方式如图3所示,再生禁止开关在未被点按触发之前,具有原始状态,经过点按触发之后,开关原始状态转变为点按需求状态。Among them, in practical applications, in order to prevent the regeneration prohibition switch from being always in the closed state, the regeneration prohibition switch is set to the self-reset switch. One implementation of the regeneration inhibit switch is shown in FIG. 3. The regeneration prohibition switch has an original state before being tapped, and after the trigger is clicked, the original state of the switch is changed to the demand state.
驾驶员有再生禁止需求时,点按一次再生禁止开关,控制单元接收到开关上升沿信号后,确定再生禁止开关被开启;驾驶员有取消再生禁止需求时,再次点按一次再生禁止开关,控制单元接收到开关上升沿信号后,确定再生禁止开关被取消。因此,再生禁止开关的状态可以理解为,反映的是驾驶员的再生禁止需求。When the driver has a request for regeneration prohibition, press the regeneration prohibition switch once. After receiving the switch rising edge signal, the control unit determines that the regeneration prohibition switch is turned on. When the driver cancels the regeneration prohibition request, press the regeneration prohibition switch again to control. After the unit receives the rising edge of the switch, it determines that the regeneration inhibit switch is canceled. Therefore, the state of the regeneration prohibition switch can be understood as reflecting the driver's regeneration prohibition demand.
根据控制单元所检测到的开关信号,可以确定再生禁止开关的状态,从而确定出车辆的再生状态。Based on the switching signal detected by the control unit, the state of the regeneration inhibiting switch can be determined to determine the regeneration state of the vehicle.
S202:根据定位系统发送的位置信息,确定车辆处于安全位置还是危险位置。S202: Determine whether the vehicle is in a safe position or a dangerous position according to the location information sent by the positioning system.
其中,车辆上可以装载有定位系统如全球定位系统(Global PositioningSystem,GPS),定位系统可以提供车辆的实时位置信息,根据实时位置信息,可以确定车辆在任何时刻所处的位置。The vehicle can be loaded with a positioning system such as a Global Positioning System (GPS), and the positioning system can provide real-time position information of the vehicle, and according to the real-time position information, the position of the vehicle at any moment can be determined.
判断车辆的位置属于安全位置还是危险位置。安全位置表示的是,车辆可正常进行再生处理流程的位置;危险位置表示的是,Determine if the location of the vehicle is a safe or dangerous location. The safe position indicates the position at which the vehicle can normally perform the regeneration process; the dangerous position indicates that
需要说明的是,在本申请的技术方案中,安全位置和危险位置,是根据车辆是否位于预设危险场所的危险区域范围内来确定。例如,预设加油站为危险场所,判断车辆的位置是否位于加油站的危险区域范围内,如果是,则表示的车辆位置为危险位置,相反为安全位置。It should be noted that, in the technical solution of the present application, the safe position and the dangerous position are determined according to whether the vehicle is located in a dangerous area of the preset dangerous place. For example, the preset gas station is a dangerous place, and it is judged whether the position of the vehicle is within the dangerous area of the gas station, and if so, the indicated vehicle position is a dangerous position, and the opposite is a safe position.
如图4所示,一种具体的实现方式为,在获得车辆实时位置后,与车辆内置地图中距离最近的设定地点如加油站进行比较,获得两者的间距。将两者的间距通过报文发送至车辆通信总线,控制单元接收到通信总线的信息后,与预先标定的安全距离进行比较,如果小于安全距离,则输出危险位置对应的信号,如果大于等于安全距离,则输出安全位置对应的信号。As shown in FIG. 4, a specific implementation manner is: after obtaining the real-time position of the vehicle, comparing with the set location closest to the built-in map of the vehicle, such as a gas station, to obtain the distance between the two. The distance between the two is sent to the vehicle communication bus through the message, and after receiving the information of the communication bus, the control unit compares with the pre-calibrated safety distance, and if it is less than the safety distance, outputs a signal corresponding to the dangerous position, if it is greater than or equal to safety The distance outputs a signal corresponding to the safe position.
S203:根据仪表盘发送的车速信息,确定车辆的行驶状态。S203: Determine a running state of the vehicle according to the vehicle speed information sent by the dashboard.
其中,在本申请的技术方案中,车辆的行驶状态包括三种,分别为静止状态、低速行驶状态及高速行驶状态。仪表盘可以记录并显示车辆的车速信息,根据该车速信息,来确定车辆的行驶状态具体为哪一种。Among them, in the technical solution of the present application, the running state of the vehicle includes three types, which are a stationary state, a low speed running state, and a high speed running state. The dashboard can record and display the vehicle speed information of the vehicle, and based on the vehicle speed information, determine which one of the vehicle's driving state is specific.
虽然步骤S202所获得的车辆位置,可以表示车辆处于安全位置还是危险位置,但是车辆可能处于行驶过程中,车辆在某个时间点的位置并不能准确表示出车辆的外界环境状况,因此还需要结合车辆的行驶状态进行综合判断。Although the vehicle position obtained in step S202 may indicate whether the vehicle is in a safe position or a dangerous position, but the vehicle may be in the process of running, the position of the vehicle at a certain point in time does not accurately indicate the external environmental condition of the vehicle, and therefore needs to be combined. The driving state of the vehicle is comprehensively judged.
行驶状态的一种判断方式如图5所示,从仪表盘获得车速之后,将车速与设定的速度值进行比较,如果从仪表盘获得的车速大于等于设定的速度值,则确定车辆处于高速行驶状态;如果从仪表盘获得的车速小于设定的速度值并大于0,则确定车辆处于低速行驶状态;如果从仪表盘获得的车速等于0,则确定车辆为静止状态。A way of judging the driving state is as shown in FIG. 5. After obtaining the vehicle speed from the instrument panel, the vehicle speed is compared with the set speed value. If the vehicle speed obtained from the instrument panel is greater than or equal to the set speed value, it is determined that the vehicle is in the vehicle. The high speed driving state; if the vehicle speed obtained from the instrument panel is less than the set speed value and greater than 0, it is determined that the vehicle is in the low speed running state; if the vehicle speed obtained from the instrument panel is equal to 0, it is determined that the vehicle is in the stationary state.
S204:根据车辆的行驶状态及车辆处于安全位置还是危险位置,对车辆的再生状态是否需要调整进行判断。S204: Determine whether the regeneration state of the vehicle needs to be adjusted according to the running state of the vehicle and whether the vehicle is in a safe position or a dangerous position.
具体地,根据车辆的行驶状态及车辆处于安全位置还是危险位置,来确定车辆所处的外界环境类型,确定外界环境类型对应的目标再生状态,将车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态进行比较,根据两者是否一致,来确定车辆的再生状态是否需要调整。Specifically, according to the driving state of the vehicle and whether the vehicle is in a safe position or a dangerous position, the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is located is determined, the target regeneration state corresponding to the external environment type is determined, and the regeneration state of the vehicle is compared with the target regeneration state, according to Whether the two are consistent to determine whether the vehicle's regeneration status needs to be adjusted.
在具体实现时,可以首先判断车辆的行驶状态为哪一种,如果为静止状态,则可以直接根据车辆处于安全位置还是危险位置,来确定车辆的外界环境类型。也就是说,如果车速信息表示车辆处于静止状态,则将位置信息对应的外界环境类型,确定为车辆所处的外界环境类型。In a specific implementation, it may be first determined which type of driving state the vehicle is, and if it is in a stationary state, the external environment type of the vehicle may be determined directly according to whether the vehicle is in a safe position or a dangerous position. That is to say, if the vehicle speed information indicates that the vehicle is in a stationary state, the type of the external environment corresponding to the location information is determined as the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is located.
如果车辆为静止状态且处于车辆安全位置,则可以确定车辆所处的外界环境类型为安全环境类型。安全环境类型对应的目标再生状态为允许再生状态,如果车辆的再生状态与此不一致,则可以确定车辆的再生状态需要调整。If the vehicle is at a standstill and in a safe position in the vehicle, it can be determined that the type of external environment in which the vehicle is located is a safe environment type. The target regeneration state corresponding to the safety environment type is the allowable regeneration state, and if the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with this, it can be determined that the regeneration state of the vehicle needs to be adjusted.
如果车辆为静止状态且处于车辆危险位置,则可以确定车辆所处的外界环境类型为危险环境类型。危险环境类型对应的目标再生状态为禁止再生状态,如果车辆的再生状态与此不一致,则可以确定车辆的再生状态需要调整。If the vehicle is at a standstill and in a dangerous position of the vehicle, it can be determined that the type of external environment in which the vehicle is located is a hazardous environment type. The target regeneration state corresponding to the hazardous environment type is the prohibition regeneration state, and if the vehicle regeneration state does not coincide with this, it can be determined that the vehicle regeneration state needs to be adjusted.
如果车辆的行驶状态为低速行驶状态且车辆处于危险位置,则可以确定车辆所处的外界环境类型为危险环境类型。危险环境类型对应的目标再生状态为禁止再生状态,如果车辆的再生状态与此不一致,则可以确定车辆的再生状态需要调整。If the driving state of the vehicle is a low speed driving state and the vehicle is in a dangerous position, it can be determined that the external environment type in which the vehicle is located is a dangerous environment type. The target regeneration state corresponding to the hazardous environment type is the prohibition regeneration state, and if the vehicle regeneration state does not coincide with this, it can be determined that the vehicle regeneration state needs to be adjusted.
如果车辆的行驶状态为低速行驶状态,且车辆处于安全位置,以及车辆的再生状态为禁止再生状态,此时可能存在一些特殊情况,考虑到这些特殊情况的存在,需要进行下述详细的判断。If the driving state of the vehicle is a low-speed driving state, and the vehicle is in a safe position, and the regenerative state of the vehicle is a prohibited regeneration state, there may be some special cases at this time, and in consideration of the existence of these special circumstances, the following detailed judgment is required.
一种特殊的情况是,车辆在行驶过程中,虽然行驶过的位置为系统设定的安全位置,但驾驶员可能根据周围路况判断该段道路并不允许进行再生处理,例如路上有麦秸等易燃物,那么驾驶员可能将再生禁止开关开启,使得车辆的再生状态为禁止再生状态。但驾驶员在开启该开关之后,在行驶出该段道路之后,忘记将该开关取消,造成车辆无法正常进行再生处理。A special case is that, while the vehicle is in the process of driving, although the position that has been driven is the safe position set by the system, the driver may judge the section of the road according to the surrounding road conditions and is not allowed to carry out regeneration treatment, for example, there is wheat straw on the road. Fuel, then the driver may turn the regeneration prohibition switch on, so that the regenerative state of the vehicle is a prohibited regeneration state. However, after the driver turns on the switch, after driving out the road, the driver forgets to cancel the switch, and the vehicle cannot perform the regeneration process normally.
在这种情况下,本申请假设车辆在行驶一段距离路程后,道路的危险状态就消失了,所以,在这种情况下(即车辆的行驶状态为低速行驶状态,且车辆处于安全位置,以及车辆的再生状态为禁止再生状态),在车辆从禁止再生状态开始到行驶预设距离路程之后,再确定车辆的外界环境类型,将此时车辆的外界环境类型确定为安全环境类型。安全环境类型对应的目标再生状态为允许再生状态,如果车辆的再生状态与此不一致,则可以确定车辆的再生状态需要调整。In this case, the present application assumes that the dangerous state of the road disappears after the vehicle has traveled for a distance, so in this case (ie, the running state of the vehicle is a low speed driving state, and the vehicle is in a safe position, and The regenerative state of the vehicle is a prohibited regeneration state. After the vehicle starts from the prohibition regeneration state to the driving preset distance distance, the external environment type of the vehicle is determined, and the external environment type of the vehicle at this time is determined as the safety environment type. The target regeneration state corresponding to the safety environment type is the allowable regeneration state, and if the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with this, it can be determined that the regeneration state of the vehicle needs to be adjusted.
如果车辆行驶状态为高速行驶状态,也可能出现上述特殊情况,因此也需要在车辆从禁止再生状态开始到行驶预设距离路程之后,再确定车辆的外界环境类型,将此时车辆的外界环境类型确定为安全环境类型。安全环境类型对应的目标再生状态为允许再生状态,如果车辆的再生状态与此不一致,则可以确定车辆的再生状态需要调整。需要说明的是,高速行驶状态下,没必要对车辆的位置进行判断,因为高速行驶的车辆对某个固定的危险场所并不会造成严重的安全隐患。If the driving state of the vehicle is a high-speed driving state, the above special circumstances may also occur. Therefore, it is also necessary to determine the external environment type of the vehicle after the vehicle starts from the prohibited regeneration state to the driving preset distance distance, and the external environment type of the vehicle at this time. Determined as the type of security environment. The target regeneration state corresponding to the safety environment type is the allowable regeneration state, and if the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with this, it can be determined that the regeneration state of the vehicle needs to be adjusted. It should be noted that, in the high-speed driving state, it is not necessary to judge the position of the vehicle, because the vehicle traveling at a high speed does not pose a serious safety hazard to a fixed dangerous place.
这样,在上述特殊的应用场景中,如果驾驶员忘记将再生禁止开关取消,也可以强制车辆的再生状态调整为允许再生状态,从而保证车辆再生处理流程的正常执行。Thus, in the above special application scenario, if the driver forgets to cancel the regeneration prohibition switch, the regeneration state of the vehicle can be forced to be adjusted to the allowable regeneration state, thereby ensuring the normal execution of the vehicle regeneration processing flow.
需要说明的是,在上述特殊应用场景中,为了确认驾驶员是否忘记取消再生禁止开关,在车辆行驶预设距离路程后,再次确定车辆的再生状态,将该再生状态与目标再生状态进行比对。It should be noted that, in the above special application scenario, in order to confirm whether the driver forgets to cancel the regeneration prohibition switch, after the vehicle travels a predetermined distance, the regeneration state of the vehicle is determined again, and the regeneration state is compared with the target regeneration state. .
S205:如果需要对车辆的再生状态进行调整,则调整车辆的再生状态。S205: Adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle if it is necessary to adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle.
其中,调整车辆的再生状态的一种方式为,调整再生禁止开关的状态,或者另一种方式为,直接由控制单元设置车辆的再生状态。Among them, one mode of adjusting the regeneration state of the vehicle is to adjust the state of the regeneration prohibition switch, or alternatively, the regeneration state of the vehicle is directly set by the control unit.
由以上技术方案可知,本申请提供了一种车辆再生控制方法,该方法可以实现车辆与不适宜进行再生的设定地点之间的距离测量,同时识别车辆行驶状态与驾驶员再生禁止开关需求状态,可以分别实现车辆在静态、低速、高速时对再生禁止需求的独立判断,有效避免因驾驶员忘记按下再生禁止开关,导致车辆在不适宜进行再生的地区进行再生而增加车辆危险系数的情况,也可避免驾驶员长时间按下再生禁止开关,车辆不进入再生流程,导致的车辆后处理箱因积碳过多而堵塞的情况。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present application provides a vehicle regeneration control method, which can realize distance measurement between a vehicle and a set location that is unsuitable for regeneration, and simultaneously recognize a vehicle running state and a driver regeneration prohibition switch demand state. It can realize independent judgment of the vehicle's demand for regeneration prohibition at static, low speed and high speed, effectively avoiding the situation that the driver forgets to press the regeneration prohibition switch, causing the vehicle to regenerate in an area unsuitable for regeneration and increase the vehicle risk factor. It is also possible to prevent the driver from pressing the regeneration prohibition switch for a long time, and the vehicle does not enter the regeneration process, and the vehicle after-treatment box is blocked due to excessive carbon deposition.
见图6,其示出了本申请提供的一种车辆再生控制装置的结构。如图6所示,该车辆再生控制装置可以具体包括:车辆再生状态获得单元601、外界环境类型确定单元602、目标再生状态确定单元603及车辆再生状态调整单元604。Referring to Fig. 6, there is shown a structure of a vehicle regeneration control device provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the vehicle regeneration control device may specifically include a vehicle regeneration state obtaining unit 601, an external environment type determining unit 602, a target regeneration state determining unit 603, and a vehicle regeneration state adjusting unit 604.
车辆再生状态获得单元601,用于获得车辆的再生状态;a vehicle regeneration state obtaining unit 601, configured to obtain a regeneration state of the vehicle;
外界环境类型确定单元602,用于在预设的外界环境类型中,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型;其中预设的外界环境类型是依据是否能够进行再生处理所划分的环境类型;The external environment type determining unit 602 is configured to determine, in a preset external environment type, an external environment type in which the vehicle is located; wherein the preset external environment type is an environment type classified according to whether the regeneration processing can be performed;
目标再生状态确定单元603,用于确定外界环境类型所对应的目标再生状态;a target regeneration state determining unit 603, configured to determine a target regeneration state corresponding to an external environment type;
车辆再生状态调整单元604,用于如果车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态。The vehicle regeneration state adjustment unit 604 is configured to adjust the regeneration state of the vehicle to the target regeneration state if the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with the target regeneration state.
在一种实现方式中,车辆再生状态获得单元包括:车辆再生状态获得子单元;In one implementation, the vehicle regeneration state obtaining unit includes: a vehicle regeneration state obtaining subunit;
车辆再生状态获得子单元,用于获得车辆的再生禁止开关的开关状态;或者,获得车辆的再生允许开关的开关状态。The vehicle regeneration state obtaining subunit for obtaining a switching state of the regeneration prohibiting switch of the vehicle; or obtaining a switching state of the regeneration permission switch of the vehicle.
在一种实现方式中,外界环境类型确定单元包括:车速信息接收子单元、位置信息接收子单元及外界环境类型确定子单元。In an implementation manner, the external environment type determining unit includes: a vehicle speed information receiving subunit, a position information receiving subunit, and an external environment type determining subunit.
车速信息接收子单元,用于接收车辆仪表盘发送的车速信息;a vehicle speed information receiving subunit, configured to receive vehicle speed information sent by the vehicle dashboard;
位置信息接收子单元,用于接收车辆定位系统发送的位置信息;a location information receiving subunit, configured to receive location information sent by the vehicle positioning system;
外界环境类型确定子单元,用于在预设的外界环境类型中,依据车速信息及位置信息,确定车辆所处的外界环境类型。The external environment type determining subunit is configured to determine the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is located according to the vehicle speed information and the location information in the preset external environment type.
在一种实现方式中,外界环境类型确定子单元包括:第一情况确定子单元及第二情况确定子单元。In an implementation manner, the external environment type determining subunit includes: a first case determining subunit and a second case determining subunit.
第一情况确定子单元,用于如果车速信息表示车辆处于静止状态,则将位置信息对应的外界环境类型,确定为车辆所处的外界环境类型;a first situation determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the vehicle speed information, the type of the external environment corresponding to the location information as the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is located;
第二情况确定子单元,用于如果车速信息表示车辆处于低速行驶状态,且位置信息表示的是预设的危险地点,则将车辆所处的外界环境类型确定为危险环境类型。The second situation determining subunit is configured to determine the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is located as the dangerous environment type if the vehicle speed information indicates that the vehicle is in the low speed running state and the position information indicates the preset dangerous location.
在一种实现方式中,车辆的再生状态为禁止再生状态,则外界环境类型确定子单元包括:第三情况确定子单元及第四情况确定子单元。In an implementation manner, the regeneration state of the vehicle is a prohibited regeneration state, and the external environment type determination subunit includes: a third situation determination subunit and a fourth situation determination subunit.
第三情况确定子单元,用于如果车速信息表示车辆处于低速行驶状态,且位置信息表示的是预设的安全地点,则将车辆从禁止再生状态开始到行驶预设距离路程后所处的外界环境类型确定为安全环境类型;a third situation determining subunit, configured to: if the vehicle speed information indicates that the vehicle is in a low speed driving state, and the position information indicates a preset safety location, the vehicle is located from the prohibited regeneration state to the outside of the driving distance The type of environment is determined to be the type of security environment;
第四情况确定子单元,用于如果车速信息表示车辆处于高速行驶状态,则将车辆从禁止再生状态开始到行驶预设距离路程后所处的外界环境类型确定为安全环境类型。The fourth situation determining subunit is configured to determine, as the safety environment type, the type of the external environment in which the vehicle is from the prohibition of the regeneration state to the travel of the preset distance distance if the vehicle speed information indicates that the vehicle is in the high speed driving state.
在一个实现方式中,该装置还包括:再生状态确认单元。In one implementation, the apparatus further includes: a regeneration status confirmation unit.
再生状态确认单元,用于在如果车辆的再生状态与目标再生状态不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态之前,在车辆从禁止再生状态开始到行驶预设距离路程后,再次确定车辆的再生状态;如果再次确定的再生状态与目标再生状态不一致,则将车辆的再生状态调整至目标再生状态。The regeneration state confirming unit is configured to determine the vehicle again after the vehicle starts from the prohibition regeneration state to the travel preset distance distance before the vehicle regeneration state is adjusted to the target regeneration state if the regeneration state of the vehicle does not coincide with the target regeneration state. If the re-determined regeneration state does not coincide with the target regeneration state, the vehicle regeneration state is adjusted to the target regeneration state.
需要说明的是,本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。It should be noted that each embodiment in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other. can.
还需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括上述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should also be noted that, in this context, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying such entities or operations. There is any such actual relationship or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises" or "comprises" or "comprises" or any other variations thereof is intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that comprises a plurality of elements includes not only those elements but also Other elements, or elements that are inherent to such a process, method, item, or device. An element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or device that includes the above described elements.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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