CN109267809B - Preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control, and provides a pre-pressing combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device which comprises a No. 1 spiral spring, a No. 2 spiral spring, a pre-stress rib, a viscous damping material, a limiting rod, a limiting hole, an upper cover plate, a middle plate and a base. According to the invention, the vertical series-connected No. 1 spiral spring and No. 2 spiral spring are stressed in stages through prestress to form the stiffness nonlinear spring, and the stiffness of the No. 1 spiral spring and the stiffness of the No. 2 spiral spring are designed to ensure that the static stiffness is higher in static load and lower in dynamic load; the limiting rod and the limiting Kong Baozheng do not deform excessively when bearing larger action; the No. 1 coil spring consumes energy through damping provided by viscous damping materials during vibration. The vibration isolator can be widely applied to special vibration isolation structures or facilities such as vibration isolation areas and floating floors with high requirements on vibration and noise reduction in rail transit, and the vibration isolation effect is superior to that of the existing steel spring vibration isolator.

Description

Preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device

Technical field

The invention relates to a pre-stressed combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device, belonging to the field of vibration and noise control.

Background technique

With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous expansion of urban areas, urban traffic congestion has become increasingly serious, and rail transit has become an important means to solve urban traffic congestion. At present, more than 20 cities in China have or plan to build subway rail lines, with a total investment amount of more than 600 billion yuan. When rail transit lines pass through populated areas, their long-term operation will inevitably cause vibration and noise pollution. Vibration has been considered one of the seven major public hazards in the world. Vibration and noise pollution will inevitably affect the people on or around the rail transit lines. It will adversely affect the health of residents and also pose a threat to precision instruments in surrounding important buildings. Therefore, it is necessary and meaningful to isolate or weaken the vibration and noise pollution caused by rail transit.

The floating track structure is a mass spring system composed of reinforced concrete track slabs and elastic supports. The reinforced concrete track slabs are suspended through damping spring elements to form a track type with high vibration reduction effect. The noise effect is 15-25dB lower than that of gravel track bed, and it has become the optimal track structure for areas with high rail transit vibration reduction requirements. However, when the excitation frequency of the running train is equal to or close to the natural frequency of the floating plate track structure itself, the vibration cannot be effectively attenuated, and sometimes vibration amplification occurs. The larger displacement of the floating plate during train operation also causes It will cause hidden dangers to train operation safety, so the application has certain limitations.

Therefore, buildings near rail transit will be affected by the vibrations generated by rail transit, which will adversely affect the health and work efficiency of the residents in the buildings; at the same time, environmental vibration will also seriously affect the accuracy of the instrument. At present, floating floors use steel springs for vibration isolation. Since the frequency of a single spring with a fixed stiffness cannot achieve the goal of vibration isolation, the application also has certain limitations.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to provide a preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device in order to solve the vertical vibration isolation problems of floating plate tracks, building interior floors and important instruments and equipment, and to improve the vibration isolation efficiency.

In order to achieve the above goals, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention proposes a preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device, which includes a base, a No. 1 coil spring, a No. 2 coil spring, a viscous damping material, a prestressed tendon, a prestressed tendon anchor, and a middle panel. , upper cover, limit rod and limit hole.

The base is a cylindrical structure with a central groove and a number of limiting holes evenly distributed around the central groove. The central groove is filled with viscous damping material, and the viscous damping material is used to provide damping energy dissipation; The inside of the limit hole is covered with material that can cushion the impact.

As an example and not a limitation, in the present invention, the viscous damping material can use either damping grease or viscous damping liquid; if damping grease is used, the damping grease can be directly filled in the central groove without sealing. ; If viscous damping fluid is used, a ring of rubber material or soft plastic can be set around the periphery of the middle plate and base to seal the viscous damping fluid, and the rubber material or soft plastic is in a relaxed state and is neither compressed nor affected. pull.

The No. 1 coil spring is vertically connected between the center plate and the base. The bottom end of the No. 1 coil spring is connected to the center of the center groove of the base, and its top end is fixed to the center of the bottom of the center plate.

The No. 2 spiral spring is vertically connected between the upper cover plate and the middle work plate. The bottom end of the No. 2 spiral spring is fixed at the top center of the middle work plate, and its top end is fixed at the bottom center of the upper cover plate.

If the prestressed tendons are connected vertically between the middle panel and the upper cover plate and are laid out around the No. 2 coil spring, after applying prestressed force to the prestressed tendons, fix the prestressed tendons on the prestressed tendons through the corresponding prestressed tendon anchors. Between the middle work plate and the upper cover plate; at the same time, the No. 2 coil spring can be in a preloaded state by applying prestress to the prestressed tendons. The material of the prestressed tendons can be high-strength steel strands, or other materials or components that can provide sufficient tensile strength and negligible compressive strength.

Furthermore, the middle working plate is located between the No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring, with a number of small holes opened around it for the prestressed tendons to pass through; correspondingly, the upper cover plate is located on the top of the No. 2 coil spring. There are also several small holes around it for the prestressed tendons to pass through.

Corresponding to the position of the limit hole, a number of limit rods are welded to the bottom of the middle work plate. The limit rods and the limit holes correspond one to one in the longitudinal direction, and the corresponding longitudinal center lines of the two are on the same vertical axis; the initial state down, the limit rod does not contact the limit hole; the surface of the limit rod is tightly covered with a layer of rubber material through bonding, which is used for buffering when the limit rod and the limit hole contact. The central axis of the limit rod is in contact with the limit hole. The central axis remains consistent.

The limiting rod and the limiting hole together form a large displacement limiting component. Through the contact force transmission between the limiting rod and the limiting hole, the rapid growth of deformation is limited when the present invention is subjected to a large vertical force.

In the present invention, the No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring are stressed in stages, so that the stiffness of the present invention changes and becomes a spring with non-linear stiffness, which realizes the stiffness requirements at different stages of vibration isolation, thereby improving the vibration isolation efficiency to 1 The vibration of the spiral spring drives the deformation of the viscous damping material to provide damping force to achieve damping energy dissipation.

The principle of the preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device provided by the present invention is:

The No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring are stressed in stages to achieve nonlinear spring performance, so that the invention provides greater stiffness during static load and smaller dynamic stiffness during vibration to achieve higher efficiency. vibration isolation;

The specific stress stage of the present invention is:

(1) When subjected to static load in the first stage, the No. 2 coil spring is in a preloaded state, so the No. 2 coil spring will not deform when it is initially compressed. The No. 2 coil spring will transmit the upper vertical load like a rigid body. When the No. 1 coil spring is given, the No. 1 coil spring will be deformed due to force. At this stage, only the No. 1 coil spring is deformed, so at this stage there is only the stiffness provided by the No. 1 coil spring;

(2) The second stage is when the vibration is transmitted and the effect of the vibration isolation device further increases, the pre-pressure of the No. 2 coil spring is offset and begins to deform. In this stage, the No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring occur at the same time. Deformation, so the stiffness provided by this vibration isolation device at this stage is the stiffness after the series connection of the No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring. Since the stiffness of the series connected coil spring is reduced, it can isolate vibration more effectively than the first stage stiffness;

(3) The third stage is when the device is accidentally impacted or bears a larger force than the second stage, the limit rod and the limit hole transition from a separation state to a contact state. At this time, due to the limit rod and the limit hole The contact force transmission prevents the No. 1 coil spring from further compression deformation, while the No. 2 coil spring still maintains a deformable working state. Therefore, only the stiffness provided by the No. 2 coil spring at this stage makes the stiffness at this stage greater than that of the No. 2 coil spring. Second stage stiffness to prevent excessive deformation.

At the same time, when vibration occurs in the second stage of the present invention, the vibration of the No. 1 coil spring in the viscous damping material will generate a damping force, thereby providing damping energy to further weaken the vibration.

The invention can be applied to the vibration isolation of rail transit tracks, vertical vibration-sensitive buildings or important equipment bases. It is especially suitable for the vibration isolation of track floating slabs and floating floor slabs. It can also be used in other fields where vertical vibration is a hazard. of vibration isolation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) In the initial stage of stress-bearing of this device, only the No. 1 coil spring is deformed to bear pressure, which can provide greater load-bearing stiffness and ensure the stability and comfort of the upper structure or instrument carried by this device.

(2) The device reaches stage two when vibration comes. The No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring deform and bear pressure at the same time. Due to the series connection of the No. 1 coil spring and the No. 2 coil spring, the total vertical stiffness provided by the device can be Being smaller can isolate vibration more effectively.

(3) When the device encounters an accidental excessive impact, due to the presence of large deformation limiting components, the device will not suddenly undergo excessive deformation, further ensuring safety during the vibration isolation process;

(4) Viscous damping materials are used to provide damping force. While providing sufficient damping force, the damping of this device is simple and easy to operate.

(5) The materials used are low in cost, simple in structure, easy to process, and easy to replace.

(6) It can be widely used in areas with high requirements for vibration and noise reduction in rail transit, floating floors and vibration isolation of important instruments.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the base of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the No. 1 coil spring of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the No. 2 coil spring of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the prestressed tendons of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the fabrication board in the present invention;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the upper cover of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the limiting rod of the present invention;

Numbers in the figure: base 1, No. 1 coil spring 2, No. 2 coil spring 3, viscous damping material 4, prestressed tendons 5, prestressed tendon anchors 51, intermediate plate 6, reserved prestressed tendons for the intermediate plate Hole 61, upper cover plate 7, reserved hole 71 for prestressed tendons of the upper cover plate, limit rod 8, limit hole 9.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below through examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example

As shown in Figure 1, a preloaded combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device includes a base 1, a No. 1 coil spring 2, a No. 2 coil spring 3, a viscous damping material 4, a prestressed tendon 5, a middle Work plate 6, upper cover plate 7, limit rod 8 and limit hole 9.

As shown in Figure 2, the base 1 is cylindrical. There is a central groove and four circular limit holes 9 on the base 1. The central groove is filled with viscous damping material 4, and the four limit holes are filled with viscous damping material 4. 9 is evenly distributed on the annular upper surface of the outer periphery of the central groove, and the limiting hole 9 is tightly covered with a layer of rubber through bonding. The bottom center of the base 1 also provides support for the No. 1 coil spring 2.

As an example and not a limitation, the viscous damping material 4 can use either damping grease or viscous damping liquid; if damping grease is used, the damping grease can be directly filled in the central groove without sealing; if viscous damping liquid is used, If the viscous damping liquid is viscous, a ring of rubber material or soft plastic can be set around the periphery of the middle plate 6 and the base 1 to seal the viscous damping liquid, and the rubber material or soft plastic is in a relaxed state and is neither compressed nor pulled.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the No. 1 coil spring 2 is vertically fixed at the center of the base 1 as an elastic damping unit.

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the No. 2 coil spring 3 is vertically fixed between the center of the middle working plate 6 and the center of the upper cover plate 7, serving as an elastic damping unit.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, No. 1 coil spring 2 and No. 2 coil spring 3 are both steel springs, and their parameters such as size, length and stiffness can take different values.

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, four prestressed tendons 5 are provided between the upper cover plate 7 and the middle panel 6. Prestressed tendon anchors 51 are provided at both upper and lower ends of the prestressed tendons 5. The prestressed tendons 5 5 can be a steel strand, and the prestressed tendon anchor 51 is an anchor required when prestressing is applied. Further, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the middle plate 6 is provided with four reserved holes 61 for the prestressed tendons of the middle plate, and the upper cover plate 7 is provided with four reserved holes 71 for the prestressed tendons of the upper cover plate. , the four prestressed tendons 5 pass through the reserved holes 61 for the prestressed tendons of the middle slab 6 and the reserved holes 71 for the prestressed tendons of the upper cover plate 7 respectively, and apply prestressing force to the prestressed tendons 5 Finally, the prestressed tendons 5 are fixed through corresponding prestressed tendon anchors 51 .

As shown in Figure 6, four limit rods 8 are installed on the lower surface of the center plate 6 by welding or bolting. The installation position of the limit rods 8 is consistent with the central axis of the limit hole 9 on the base 1. Further, the center of the lower surface of the center plate 6 is connected to the upper end of the No. 1 coil spring 2, and the center of the upper surface of the center plate 6 is connected to the lower end of the No. 2 coil spring 3.

As shown in Figure 1, the center of the lower surface of the upper cover plate 7 is connected to the upper end of the No. 2 coil spring 3.

As shown in Figure 8, the limit rod 8 is a cylindrical steel rod. One end of the limit rod 8 is welded or bolted to the lower surface of the middle work plate 6, and the remaining surface is tightly covered with a layer of rubber by bonding for buffering. The impact force generated by the contact between the limit rod 8 and the limit hole 9; the central axis of the limit rod 8 is consistent with the central axis of the limit hole 9, and the radius of the circular surface of the limit rod 8 is slightly smaller than that of the limit hole 9 The radius of the circular surface ensures that the limit rod 8 can be easily inserted into the limit hole 9.

The above are typical examples of the present invention, and the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto. The number of limiting rods 8 and limiting holes 9 can be changed, and the number of prestressed tendons can also be changed.

The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by a person of ordinary skill in the field based on the technical content disclosed above shall be regarded as equivalent and effective embodiments, and shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A vertical vibration isolation device of pre-compaction combination formula nonlinear spring, its characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1), a No. 1 spiral spring (2), a No. 2 spiral spring (3), viscous damping materials (4), prestress ribs (5), a middle plate (6), an upper cover plate (7) and a limiting rod (8);

a central groove and a plurality of limiting holes (9) positioned at the periphery of the central groove are formed in the base (1), and viscous damping materials (4) are filled in the central groove;

the No. 1 spiral spring (2) is vertically fixed between the central groove of the base (1) and the bottom of the middle working plate (6); the No. 2 spiral spring (3) is vertically fixed between the top of the middle working plate (6) and the bottom of the upper cover plate (7);

a plurality of vertically arranged prestressed tendons (5) are arranged between the middle working plate (6) and the upper cover plate (7), and the plurality of prestressed tendons (5) are all distributed on the periphery of the No. 2 spiral spring (3) and enable the No. 2 spiral spring (3) to be in a pre-pressing state;

the bottom of the middle plate (6) is provided with a plurality of limit rods (8) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the limit holes (9) in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the positions of the limit holes (9) on the base (1), and the limit rods (8) and the limit holes (9) form a large-displacement limit part; in an initial state, the limiting rod (8) is not contacted with the limiting hole (9); when bearing larger vertical action, the contact between the limiting rod (8) and the limiting hole (9) limits the rapid increase of the deformation of the pre-pressing combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device;

the prestress ribs (5) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the No. 2 spiral spring (3);

the middle making plate (6) and the upper cover plate (7) are provided with a plurality of small holes, and the small holes on the upper cover plate (7) are in one-to-one correspondence with the small holes on the middle making plate (6) and are used for penetrating the prestressed tendons (5); the upper end and the lower end of the prestressed tendon (5) are respectively provided with a prestressed tendon anchoring piece (51); after the prestressing force is applied to the prestressing tendons (5), the prestressing tendons (5) are fixed between the middle working plate (6) and the upper cover plate (7) through corresponding prestressing tendon anchoring pieces (51), and the No. 2 spiral spring is in a prepressing state;

the viscous damping material (4) adopts viscous damping fluid;

the periphery of the middle working plate (6) and the periphery of the base (1) are provided with a circle of rubber material or soft plastic for sealing viscous damping liquid, and the rubber material or soft plastic is in a loose state and is not stressed or pulled.

2. The pre-compression combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting holes (9) are uniformly distributed on the base (1).

3. The pre-compression combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the No. 1 spiral spring (2) is connected to the center of the center groove, and the top end of the No. 1 spiral spring is connected to the bottom center of the middle plate (6).

4. The pre-compression combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the No. 2 coil spring (3) is connected to the top center of the middle working plate (6), and the top end of the No. 2 coil spring is connected to the bottom center of the upper cover plate (7).

5. The pre-compression combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein: the prestressed tendons (5) adopt high-strength steel strands.

6. The pre-compression combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the limiting rod (8) is tightly covered with a rubber material; the inner part of the limit hole (9) is tightly covered with a buffer material.

7. The pre-compression combined nonlinear spring vertical vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein: the viscous damping material (4) adopts damping grease.