CN109245713B - Series-type assembly-level photovoltaic shutdown system - Google Patents
Series-type assembly-level photovoltaic shutdown system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245713B CN109245713B CN201811359272.5A CN201811359272A CN109245713B CN 109245713 B CN109245713 B CN 109245713B CN 201811359272 A CN201811359272 A CN 201811359272A CN 109245713 B CN109245713 B CN 109245713B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/36—Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a series-type assembly-level photovoltaic shutdown system, which comprises a plurality of photovoltaic group strings connected in parallel to form an array, a shutdown controller, a photovoltaic inverter and a power grid which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the input end of the shutdown controller is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic group string array, and each photovoltaic group string comprises m photovoltaic assemblies and m-1 series-type photovoltaic shutdown devices which are alternately connected in series; the series photovoltaic turnoff device comprises a switching tube, a high-frequency blocking inductor, a high-frequency channel capacitor, a first discharge resistor, a driving capacitor, a second discharge resistor and a diode; when the switch is in the on state, the switch-off controller generates high-frequency oscillation current, the switch tube of the series photovoltaic switch-off device is driven to be conducted by utilizing the voltage formed by the high-frequency oscillation current on the drive capacitor of the series photovoltaic switch-off device, when the switch-off state needs to be entered, a switch tube drive signal of the switch-off controller is canceled, the drive capacitor of the series photovoltaic switch-off device is gradually released, the switch tube is in the off state, and the system is in the off state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic grid-connected/off-grid power generation, and particularly relates to a series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system.
Background
Along with the wider and wider application of the photovoltaic power generation system, the safety problem of the photovoltaic system is also more and more emphasized, the photovoltaic system has direct current high voltage, and the risks of electric shock and electric arc striking are necessarily existed, particularly when the photovoltaic system has a fire disaster, firefighters cannot rescue in time because of the direct current high voltage of the system. To address this problem, the need for component level shutdown has been widely recognized in the industry.
The current component-level shutdown functional products in the industry comprise a photovoltaic optimizer, a photovoltaic monitor, an intelligent junction box and the like, and on one hand, the schemes depend on a communication system (RF or PLC), and the communication system inevitably brings the problems of high cost, easy interference and the like. On the other hand, these schemes are all parallel schemes, and have two input ports and two output ports, the input ports are connected to the output ports of the junction box of the assembly in an input and connection mode, the output ports are connected in series in turn, and wiring installation is relatively complex.
The utility model discloses a multi-component-level quick turn-off device for controlling a photovoltaic component string in a photovoltaic system, wherein the photovoltaic component string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic components connected in series, and the multi-component-level quick turn-off device comprises a microcontroller, a communication unit, a driving circuit, an auxiliary power supply, a switch unit and an output bypass diode; the microcontroller is communicated with the communication unit and controls the driving circuit, the communication unit is used for transmitting instructions to the microcontroller, the driving circuit drives the switching unit according to the instructions of the microcontroller, the auxiliary power supply is powered by the photovoltaic module, the switching unit comprises a plurality of switches, the switches correspond to the photovoltaic module and are connected in a series circuit formed by the photovoltaic module, and the driving circuit is connected with the switches respectively to control the turning-off and the turning-on of the switches.
The utility model discloses a multi-component-level quick turn-off device, which is used for controlling a photovoltaic component string connected with the multi-component-level quick turn-off device in a photovoltaic system, wherein the photovoltaic component string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic components connected in series; the multi-component-level quick turn-off device comprises a microcontroller, a communication unit, a driving circuit, an auxiliary power supply, a switch unit and an output bypass diode; the microcontroller is communicated with the communication unit and controls the driving circuit, the communication unit is used for transmitting the turn-off and turn-on instructions, the driving circuit receives the microcontroller instructions so as to drive the switch unit to turn off and turn on the photovoltaic module string, and all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module string supply power for the auxiliary power supply when the switch unit is turned on, so that the power supply of all the photovoltaic modules to the auxiliary power supply is balanced, and the generated energy is improved.
The microcontrollers of the two multi-component-level quick turn-off devices disclosed by the utility model are controlled by instructions transmitted by the communication units to control the driving circuits to work, namely, the microcontrollers depend on the communication system, the cost is increased due to the introduction of the communication system, and the multi-component-level quick turn-off devices are unstable in work due to the fact that the communication system is easy to be interfered.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to find a component-level shutdown solution that is low in cost, independent of the communication system, and easy to install.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a series-type assembly-level photovoltaic shutdown system which is independent of a communication system and is simple and convenient to install, the system cost is greatly reduced, and the system efficiency and reliability are improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a series-type subassembly level photovoltaic shutdown system, includes a plurality of photovoltaic group strings that connect into the array in parallel, turn-off controller, photovoltaic dc-to-ac converter and the electric wire netting of establishing ties in proper order, wherein, the output of photovoltaic group string array is connected to the input of turn-off controller, its characterized in that:
Each photovoltaic group string comprises m photovoltaic modules and m-1 series photovoltaic turners which are alternately connected in series;
The series photovoltaic turnoff device comprises a positive port, a negative port, a switching tube, a high-frequency blocking inductor, a high-frequency passage capacitor, a first discharge resistor, a driving capacitor, a second discharge resistor and a diode, wherein the high-frequency passage capacitor is connected with the first discharge resistor in parallel and then is connected to two ends of the positive port and the negative port in a crossing manner to form a high-frequency passage part of the series photovoltaic turnoff device; the driving capacitor is connected in parallel with the second discharging resistor and then connected between the S pole and the G pole of the switching tube in a bridging way; the S pole of the switching tube is connected with the positive port, and the D pole of the switching tube is connected with the negative port through the high-frequency blocking inductor to form a direct current path part; the anode of the diode is connected with the negative port, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the G pole of the switching tube and used for transmitting the high-frequency voltage peak on the high-frequency path capacitor to the driving capacitor.
When the turn-off controller is turned on, high-frequency oscillation voltage is generated, the high-frequency oscillation voltage controls the voltage at two ends of the driving capacitor through a high-frequency passage and a diode of the series-connected photovoltaic turn-off device, and then the driving capacitor is controlled to drive the switching tube to be turned on, so that the series-connected component-level photovoltaic turn-off system is in an on state, and when the turn-off controller is turned off, the energy of the driving capacitor of the series-connected photovoltaic turn-off device is gradually released through a corresponding discharging resistor, so that the switching tube is connected to an off state, and the turn-off of the series-connected component-level photovoltaic turn-off system is realized.
In order to maintain the smoothness of the bidirectional high-frequency channel in the system, one end of each photovoltaic string is also connected with an anti-reflection diode in series, and two ends of the anti-reflection diode are connected with a capacitor for maintaining the bidirectional high-frequency channel in parallel.
Specifically, the turn-off controller comprises an auxiliary power supply, an MCU, a high-frequency blocking inductor, a direct-current voltage-stabilizing capacitor, a current-limiting resistor, a high-frequency channel capacitor, a discharging resistor and a switching tube, wherein the high-frequency blocking inductor is connected in series between an input positive port and an output positive port of the turn-off controller and is used for blocking a high-frequency channel; the high-frequency switch is characterized in that a current-limiting resistor is connected with a high-frequency channel capacitor in series, one end of the current-limiting resistor is connected with an input positive port of the turn-off controller, the high-frequency channel capacitor is connected with a D pole of a switch tube, and an S pole of the switch tube is connected with an input negative port of the turn-off controller; the discharging resistor is connected in parallel with the two ends of the high-frequency path capacitor; the input of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the positive and negative input ports of the turn-off controller and is used for supplying power to the MCU; the MCU is connected with the G pole of the switching tube and controls the switching tube to be disconnected or connected; the input negative port and the output negative port of the turn-off controller are directly connected, and the direct current voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected across the output positive port and the output negative port of the turn-off controller and is used for stabilizing direct current output voltage.
The MCU of the turn-off controller sends out a periodic driving signal with a small duty ratio to drive the switching tube to turn on and off in a period, and the turn-on and the turn-off in the period of the switching tube control the charge and discharge of the driving capacitor, so that a high-frequency channel can generate a high-frequency oscillation current, and the high-frequency oscillation current can maintain the switching tube of the series photovoltaic turn-off device to be turned on, so that the system is in an on state.
Preferably, the series photovoltaic shut down device is integrated into a junction box and the shut down controller is integrated into a photovoltaic inverter. In this way the system architecture can be further simplified and the costs further reduced.
The control process of the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system is as follows:
when the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system is in an on state, an MCU of a shutdown controller can send out a periodic driving signal with the duty ratio of 0.5% -2% to drive a switching tube to be turned on and off, when the switching tube is turned on, a photovoltaic group string array charges a high-frequency channel capacitor through a current limiting resistor, when the switching tube is turned off in a period, the high-frequency channel capacitor discharges through a corresponding discharging resistor, and a high-frequency oscillation current is formed in a high-frequency channel of the component, the shutdown controller and the series photovoltaic shutdown device in the on and off processes of the switching tube;
The high-frequency oscillation current flows through a high-frequency passage of the series photovoltaic turnoff device to charge and discharge a high-frequency passage capacitor of the series photovoltaic turnoff device, a high-frequency oscillation voltage is formed on the high-frequency passage capacitor of the series photovoltaic turnoff device, a peak of the high-frequency oscillation voltage is transmitted to a driving capacitor through a diode, and a voltage of the driving capacitor drives a switching tube to be conducted;
In the period, after the switching tube of the turn-off controller is turned off, the high-frequency path capacitor of the turn-off controller discharges through the corresponding discharge resistor, and the high-frequency path capacitor of the series photovoltaic turn-off device discharges through the corresponding discharge resistor, but the voltage of the direct-current voltage stabilizing capacitor of the turn-off controller and the voltage of the driving capacitor of the series photovoltaic turn-off device are maintained in the period so as to maintain the conduction of the switching tube of the series photovoltaic turn-off device.
When the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system needs to enter a shutdown state, the MCU of the shutdown controller does not emit a periodic driving signal any more, and the energy of the driving capacitor of the series photovoltaic shutdown device is gradually released through the corresponding discharging resistor, so that the switching tube is connected into the shutdown state.
In order to realize the control, the time constant of the high-frequency path capacitor of the turn-off controller and the corresponding discharge resistor is 1/200-3/200 of the period value of the MCU sending driving signal;
the time constant of the high-frequency path capacitor of the series photovoltaic turnoff and the corresponding first discharge resistor is 1/20-3/20 of the period value of the MCU sending driving signal;
the time constant of the driving capacitor of the series photovoltaic cut-off device and the corresponding second discharging resistor is 15-30 times of the period value of the MCU sending driving signal.
The time constant is the time required for charging and discharging the capacitor through the resistor, and is generally calculated simply by using r×c.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The serial component-level photovoltaic shutdown system is simple and reliable in architecture, a digital chip is not needed in the serial photovoltaic shutdown device, the photovoltaic component can be controlled to be turned on and off through the control of a pure analog circuit and a shutdown controller, the dependence on a communication system for control is avoided, the system cost is effectively reduced, the system reliability is improved, in addition, the serial light Fu Guanduan device is provided with only two ports, and the serial light Fu Guanduan device is connected between two adjacent components in series, so that the installation is simple and convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tandem module-level photovoltaic shutdown system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the series photovoltaic shut-off of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the shut down controller of FIG. 1;
Fig. 4 is a voltage waveform diagram of the high frequency path capacitor C 1, the driving capacitor C 2, and the high frequency path capacitor C 3 in fig. 1 in a plurality of cycles;
FIG. 5 is a voltage waveform diagram of the high frequency path capacitor C 1, the drive capacitor C 2, and the high frequency path capacitor C 3 of FIG. 1 in a single cycle;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a series module-level photovoltaic shutdown system according to another embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description is presented by way of example only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the series module-level photovoltaic shutdown system provided in this embodiment includes a photovoltaic module 101 11～101mn, a series photovoltaic shutdown device 102 11～102(m-1)n, a shutdown controller 103, a photovoltaic inverter 104, and a power grid 105, where:
The photovoltaic modules 101 11～101m1 and the series-connected photovoltaic turnoff 102 11～102(m-1)1 form a photovoltaic group string in an alternating series connection mode, namely, the series-connected photovoltaic turnoff 102 11 is connected between the photovoltaic modules 101 11 and 101 12, the series-connected photovoltaic turnoff 102 12 is connected between the photovoltaic modules 101 12 and 101 13, and the series-connected photovoltaic turnoff 102 12 is sequentially connected according to the rule to form a photovoltaic group string, and n photovoltaic group strings are connected in parallel to form a photovoltaic group string array; the input + and input-of the shutdown controller 103 are connected to both ends of the photovoltaic string array, the output + and output-of the shutdown controller 103 are correspondingly connected to the input + and input-of the photovoltaic inverter 104, and the output of the photovoltaic inverter 104 is incorporated into the grid 105.
The series photovoltaic turnoff 102 11～102(m-1)n in fig. 1 has the same structure, and as shown in fig. 2, includes a switching tube Q 1, a high-frequency blocking inductor L 1, a high-frequency path capacitor C 1, a first discharge resistor R 1, a driving capacitor C 2, a second discharge resistor R 2, and a diode D 1.
The high-frequency channel capacitor C 1 and the first discharging resistor R 1 are connected in parallel and connected between the + port and the-port of the series photovoltaic turnoff device in a bridging mode to form a high-frequency channel; the switching tube Q 1 and the high-frequency blocking inductor L 1 are connected in series and then connected between the plus port and the minus port of the series photovoltaic turnoff device in a bridging way to form a direct current path (the inductor blocks high frequency), the driving capacitor C 2 is connected in parallel with the corresponding second discharging resistor R 2 and connected between the S, G poles of the switching tube Q 1 in a bridging way; the anode of the diode D 1 is connected to the-port of the series-connected photovoltaic shutdown, the cathode of the diode D 1 is connected to the G pole of the switching tube Q 1, and the diode D 1 can transfer the voltage peak on the high-frequency path capacitor C 1 to the driving capacitor C 2 to form a driving voltage to drive the switching tube Q 1 to be turned on.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the off controller 103 is: the input of the high-frequency blocking device is provided with two ports of input plus and input minus, the output of the shutoff controller is provided with two ports of output plus and output minus, the series high-frequency blocking inductance L 2,L2 between the input plus and the output plus is used for blocking a high-frequency passage, the input minus is directly connected with the output minus, the input plus is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R 4, the other end of R 4 is connected with one end of a parallel branch of a high-frequency passage capacitor C 3 and a corresponding discharging resistor R 3, the other end of the parallel branch of the high-frequency passage capacitor C 3 and the discharge resistor R 3 is connected with the D pole of the switching tube Q 2, the S pole of the Q 2 is connected with an input, and the current-limiting resistor R 4 is connected with the high-frequency passage capacitor C 3, the parallel branch of the discharge resistor R 3 and the switching tube Q 2 in series to form a high-frequency passage of the turn-off controller. The input of the auxiliary power supply is connected with two ports of 'input+' and 'input-', the output of the auxiliary power supply supplies power to the MCU, and the MCU sends periodic driving with very small duty ratio to the switching tube Q 2. And a direct-current voltage stabilizing capacitor C 4 is connected between the output plus and the output minus and used for stabilizing direct-current voltage.
The series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system comprises the following specific working processes:
when the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system is in an on state, the MCU of the shutdown controller can send out a periodic drive signal with an extremely small duty ratio, and the periodic drive switch tube Q 2 is turned on and off, for example, the period is 1ms, the duty ratio is 1%, and the drive time is 10us. When the drive is sent out, the switching tube Q 2 is conducted, the photovoltaic string array charges the high-frequency channel capacitor C 3 through the current-limiting resistor R 4, the switching tube Q 2 is cut off in a period, the high-frequency channel capacitor C 3 discharges through the corresponding discharging resistor R 3, high-frequency oscillation current is formed in a high-frequency channel of the system in the turn-on and turn-off process of the Q 2, the high-frequency oscillation current also flows through the high-frequency channel of the series photovoltaic turnoff device, high-frequency oscillation voltage is formed on the high-frequency channel capacitor C 1 of the series photovoltaic turnoff device, the peak of the high-frequency oscillation voltage is transmitted to the driving capacitor C 2 through the diode D 1, and relatively stable voltage is formed on the driving capacitor C 2 and used for driving the switching tube Q 1 to be turned on.
In the period, when the MCU drive of the shutdown controller is turned off, the switching tube Q 2 is turned off, the high-frequency access capacitor C 3 is discharged through the corresponding discharge resistor R 3, the high-frequency access capacitor C 1 of the series photovoltaic shutdown device is restored to the initial state in the period, and is discharged through the corresponding discharge resistor R 1, but the voltage of the driving capacitor C 2 is not reduced along with C 1 due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode D 1, but the voltage is maintained to be basically stable, namely the conduction of the switching tube Q 1 is maintained.
In order to realize stable control and avoid increasing loss, the driving voltage needs to be stable, and the frequency of the high-frequency current needs to be as small as possible, so that the time constant of the high-frequency path capacitor C 3 of the turn-off controller and the corresponding discharge resistor R 3 is far smaller than the period value, for example, C 3 is 2.2 mu F, and R 3 is 5Ω; the time constant of the high-frequency path capacitor C 1 of the series photovoltaic cut-off and the corresponding discharge resistor R 1 is also far smaller than the period value, for example, C 1 is 0.22 mu F, and R 1 is 500 omega; the time constant of the driving capacitor C 2 and the corresponding discharging resistor R 2 of the series-connected photovoltaic shut-off device is much larger than the period value, for example, C 2 is 0.22 μf, and R 2 is 100kΩ.
In the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system, the high-frequency blocking inductor L 1 of the series photovoltaic shutdown device and the high-frequency blocking inductor L 2 of the shutdown controller are both used for blocking a high-frequency channel (direct current is not affected), for example, the inductance value is 30 μh, the current limiting resistor R 4 of the shutdown controller is used for limiting the charging current, for example, the current limiting resistor R 4 is 100 Ω, and the amplitude of the driving voltage on the driving capacitor C 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the current limiting resistor R 4, the period and the duty ratio, the capacitance value of the high-frequency channel capacitor C 1 of the series photovoltaic shutdown device and the capacitance value of the driving capacitor C 2, so that the direct current stabilizing capacitor C 4 of the shutdown controller is used for stabilizing the direct current voltage, for example, the value is 10 μf. The waveforms of the C 1、C2、C3 voltage obtained according to the previous example parameters are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
When the system is required to enter an off state, the MCU of the turn-off controller stops periodically driving and sending out, no current flows in a high-frequency channel of the system, the voltage on the high-frequency channel capacitor C 1 of the series photovoltaic turn-off device is released quickly, the voltage on the driving capacitor C 2 of the series photovoltaic turn-off device is gradually released, and when the voltage on the driving capacitor C 2 is lower than the threshold value of the driving voltage of the switching tube Q 1, the series light Fu Guanduan enters an off state.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the system further includes anti-reflection diodes 106 1～106n, each anti-reflection diode is connected in series to an output end of one photovoltaic string, for example, the anti-reflection diode 106 1 is connected in series to an output positive electrode of the first photovoltaic string, the anti-reflection diode 106 n is connected in series to an output positive electrode of the nth photovoltaic string, in order to maintain the smoothness of the bidirectional high-frequency channel, the system further includes capacitors 107 1-107n, each capacitor is connected in parallel to two ends of the anti-reflection diode, for example, the capacitor 107 1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the anti-reflection diode 106 1, and the value of the capacitor may be 0.22 μf.
In the above embodiment, the switching transistors Q 1 and Q 2 may be power switching transistors of antiparallel diodes, specifically, may be power metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.
In the above embodiment, the auxiliary power supply may be a buck circuit or a linear regulator LDO, and the MCU may use STM32F030F4P6 of ST, and a program for implementing the above control method is burned into the MCU.
The component-level shutdown device and the shutdown controller are independent products, and the independent products are suitable for transformation of an old power station and secondary development of the power station. In another embodiment, the series photovoltaic turnoff device can be integrated into a junction box, the turnoff controller can be integrated into an inverter, and if the series photovoltaic turnoff device is integrated into the inverter, the control logic can be enabled through a main control IC of the inverter, so that various detection circuits of the inverter are fully utilized, and the system is more efficient and lower in cost.
The serial component-level photovoltaic shutdown system is simple and reliable in architecture, a digital chip is not needed in the serial photovoltaic shutdown device, the photovoltaic component can be controlled to be turned on and off through the control of a pure analog circuit and a shutdown controller, the dependence on a communication system for control is avoided, the system cost is effectively reduced, the system reliability is improved, in addition, the serial light Fu Guanduan device is provided with only two ports, and the serial light Fu Guanduan device is connected between two adjacent components in series, so that the installation is simple and convenient.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments and advantages of the invention will be appreciated that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, and that no changes, additions, substitutions and equivalents of those embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a series-type subassembly level photovoltaic shutdown system, includes a plurality of photovoltaic group strings that connect into the array in parallel, turn-off controller, photovoltaic dc-to-ac converter and the electric wire netting of establishing ties in proper order, wherein, the output of photovoltaic group string array is connected to the input of turn-off controller, its characterized in that:
Each photovoltaic group string comprises m photovoltaic modules and m-1 series photovoltaic turners which are alternately connected in series;
The series photovoltaic turnoff device comprises a positive port, a negative port, a switching tube, a high-frequency blocking inductor, a high-frequency passage capacitor, a first discharge resistor, a driving capacitor, a second discharge resistor and a diode, wherein the high-frequency passage capacitor is connected with the first discharge resistor in parallel and then is connected to two ends of the positive port and the negative port in a crossing manner to form a high-frequency passage part of the series photovoltaic turnoff device; the driving capacitor is connected in parallel with the second discharging resistor and then connected between the S pole and the G pole of the switching tube in a bridging way; the S pole of the switching tube is connected with the positive port, and the D pole of the switching tube is connected with the negative port through the high-frequency blocking inductor to form a direct current path part; the anode of the diode is connected with the negative port, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the G pole of the switching tube and is used for transmitting the high-frequency voltage peak on the high-frequency path capacitor to the driving capacitor;
The turn-off controller comprises an auxiliary power supply, an MCU, a high-frequency blocking inductor, a direct-current voltage-stabilizing capacitor, a current-limiting resistor, a high-frequency passage capacitor, a discharge resistor and a switch tube, wherein the high-frequency blocking inductor is connected in series between an input positive port and an output positive port of the turn-off controller and is used for blocking a high-frequency passage; the high-frequency switch is characterized in that a current-limiting resistor is connected with a high-frequency channel capacitor in series, one end of the current-limiting resistor is connected with an input positive port of the turn-off controller, the high-frequency channel capacitor is connected with a D pole of a switch tube, and an S pole of the switch tube is connected with an input negative port of the turn-off controller; the discharging resistor is connected in parallel with the two ends of the high-frequency path capacitor; the input of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the positive and negative input ports of the turn-off controller and is used for supplying power to the MCU; the MCU is connected with the G pole of the switching tube and controls the switching tube to be disconnected or connected; the input negative port and the output negative port of the turn-off controller are directly connected, and the direct current voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected across the output positive port and the output negative port of the turn-off controller and is used for stabilizing direct current output voltage;
The time constant of the high-frequency channel capacitor of the turn-off controller and the corresponding discharge resistor is 1/200-3/200 of the period value of the MCU sending driving signal;
the time constant of the high-frequency path capacitor of the series photovoltaic turnoff and the corresponding first discharge resistor is 1/20-3/20 of the period value of the MCU sending driving signal;
the time constant of the driving capacitor of the series-connected photovoltaic turnoff device and the corresponding second discharging resistor is 15-30 times of the period value of the MCU sending driving signal;
Wherein:
when the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system is in an on state, an MCU of a shutdown controller can send out a periodic driving signal with the duty ratio of 0.5% -2% to drive a switching tube to be turned on and off, when the switching tube is turned on, a photovoltaic group string array charges a high-frequency channel capacitor through a current limiting resistor, when the switching tube is turned off in a period, the high-frequency channel capacitor discharges through a corresponding discharging resistor, and a high-frequency oscillation current is formed in a high-frequency channel of the component, the shutdown controller and the series photovoltaic shutdown device in the on and off processes of the switching tube;
The high-frequency oscillation current flows through a high-frequency passage of the series photovoltaic turnoff device to charge and discharge a high-frequency passage capacitor of the series photovoltaic turnoff device, a high-frequency oscillation voltage is formed on the high-frequency passage capacitor of the series photovoltaic turnoff device, a peak of the high-frequency oscillation voltage is transmitted to a driving capacitor through a diode, and a voltage of the driving capacitor drives a switching tube to be conducted;
in the period, after the switching tube of the turn-off controller is turned off, the high-frequency path capacitor of the turn-off controller discharges through the corresponding discharge resistor, the high-frequency path capacitor of the series photovoltaic turn-off device discharges through the corresponding discharge resistor, but the voltage of the direct-current voltage stabilizing capacitor of the turn-off controller and the voltage of the driving capacitor of the series photovoltaic turn-off device are maintained in the period so as to maintain the conduction of the switching tube of the series photovoltaic turn-off device;
When the series component-level photovoltaic shutdown system needs to enter a shutdown state, the MCU of the shutdown controller does not emit a periodic driving signal any more, and the energy of the driving capacitor of the series photovoltaic shutdown device is gradually released through the corresponding discharging resistor, so that the switching tube is connected into the shutdown state.
2. The tandem module-level photovoltaic shutdown system of claim 1, wherein:
One end of each photovoltaic string is also connected with an anti-reflection diode in series, and two ends of the anti-reflection diode are connected with a capacitor for maintaining a bidirectional high-frequency channel in parallel.
3. The tandem module-level photovoltaic shutdown system of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
The series photovoltaic shut down device is integrated into a junction box and the shut down controller is integrated into a photovoltaic inverter.
4. The tandem module-level photovoltaic shutdown system of claim 1, wherein:
the switching tube of the series photovoltaic turnoff device and the turnoff controller is a power switching tube of an anti-parallel diode.
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| JP7075991B2 (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2022-05-26 | チャンシュ フレンズ コネクター テクノロジー カンパニー リミテッド | Turn-off control method and turn-off control structure for connecting solar panels |
| CN110784171B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2024-11-19 | 浙江佳明天和缘光伏科技有限公司 | A power optimization junction box and method capable of identifying whether an inverter is connected |
| CN113131509B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-09-13 | 昱能科技股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter |
| CN111669119B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-04-06 | 长沙晶辉太阳能有限公司 | Photovoltaic module turn-off method and turn-off system |
| CN111555710A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-18 | 江苏集能易新能源技术有限公司 | PLC (programmable logic controller) driving circuit of photovoltaic shutoff device and control method thereof |
| CN111585308B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-04-08 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Control method of photovoltaic rapid turn-off system and application device and system thereof |
| CN114123735B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2024-05-03 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Series-parallel converter protection system, controller and converter |
| EP4336697A4 (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2024-07-24 | Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. | PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY PRODUCTION SYSTEM |
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| CN116995743B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2024-04-02 | 宁夏隆基宁光仪表股份有限公司 | Shutdown system applied to series photovoltaic modules |
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