CN109226317B - Automatic speed and pressure regulating device of extruder and control method - Google Patents
Automatic speed and pressure regulating device of extruder and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109226317B CN109226317B CN201811213365.7A CN201811213365A CN109226317B CN 109226317 B CN109226317 B CN 109226317B CN 201811213365 A CN201811213365 A CN 201811213365A CN 109226317 B CN109226317 B CN 109226317B
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007363 regulatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic speed and pressure regulating device of an extruder, which comprises a brushless motor driving mechanism, an extruder speed measuring and limiting mechanism, a speed limiting mechanism, a synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism and a control system, wherein the brushless motor is arranged at a vacant position beside a pressure regulating valve of the extruder and is connected with the extruder speed measuring and limiting mechanism through the synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism, the speed limiting device is arranged at two ends of a synchronous belt in the synchronous belt speed reducing device, and the movable end of the extruder speed measuring and limiting mechanism is connected with the movable part of the extruder. The invention also provides a control method, which comprises the steps of accurately measuring the dynamic speed of the extruder through the speed measuring and limiting mechanism of the extruder, converting the dynamic speed into a pulse signal and feeding the pulse signal back to the microcomputer control system, and then controlling the movement speed and the direction of the brushless motor in real time by setting parameters of each extrusion stage of the product. The automatic speed and pressure regulating device and the control method of the extruder can realize the automatic control of the extrusion speed and the extrusion pressure of the extruder, keep the consistency of product production and improve the product percent of pass and the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extruders, in particular to an automatic speed and pressure regulating device and a control method of an extruder.
Background
In the production of hot extrusion forming products such as welding wires, welding rods and the like, the hot extrusion process is an important production process, and the extrusion quality of the hot extrusion forming process directly influences the brittleness, the toughness and the strength of welding material products.
In the extrusion production process of welding wires and welding rods, the heating blank is mainly put into a die of an extruder for extrusion, but the forming of the product is extremely related to the extrusion speed and pressure of the extruder due to the requirements of manufacturability, batch property and consistency of the product, and the current parameters of extrusion speed, pressure and the like are manually adjusted by experience, so that the inconsistency of the product caused by multiple times of extrusion is easily caused, and the reject ratio of the product caused by irregular extrusion of a certain time is easily caused.
When the extrusion speed and the extrusion pressure of the extruder are controlled in the prior art, the speed acquisition device acquires the extrusion speed of the extrusion cylinder of the extruder in a working state, and the control device compares the extrusion speed with a set speed to obtain correction data to control the rotating speed of a motor of the extruder, so that the control of the extrusion speed of the extruder is realized. However, due to the influence of factors such as the structure, resistance and material characteristics of the charging barrel of the extruder, the extrusion speed of the extruding cylinder of the extruder in the working state cannot accurately reflect the extrusion speed of the product, and the extrusion speed of the product determines the quality of the product, and the more stable the extrusion speed, the higher the quality of the product, so that the quality and the extrusion efficiency of the extruded product cannot be effectively improved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the automatic speed and pressure regulating device and the control method of the extruder, which can realize the automatic control of the extrusion speed and the extrusion pressure of the extruder, keep the consistency of product production and improve the product percent of pass and the production efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an automatic speed and pressure regulating device of an extruder, comprising: a brushless motor for use as a power drive; the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism is connected with the extruder pressure regulating valve and the brushless motor and is used for the brushless motor to perform short-distance accurate transmission and speed reduction; the speed limiting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism and can limit the whole speed and pressure regulating process up and down; the extruder speed measuring and limiting mechanism is arranged on the movable part and the fixed part of the extruder main body and is used for detecting the moving speed of the extruder in real time; the control system is respectively electrically connected with the brushless motor, the speed limiting mechanism and the extruder speed-measuring limiting mechanism, can detect the real-time working speed and the working start-stop state of the extruder, controls the start-stop of the driving motor and the forward and reverse rotation speed, and sets the adjusting stroke; the brushless motor is arranged at a vacant position beside the pressure regulating valve of the extruder and is connected with the vacant position by the synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism, the speed limiting mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism, and the movable end of the speed measuring limiting mechanism of the extruder is connected with the movable part of the extruder.
Preferably, the synchronous pulley speed reducing mechanism comprises a large-diameter synchronous pulley and a small-diameter synchronous pulley, the small-diameter synchronous pulley is installed on an output shaft of the brushless motor, the large-diameter synchronous pulley is installed on a pressure regulating valve of the extruder, and the small-diameter synchronous pulley is connected with the large-diameter synchronous pulley through a synchronous belt.
Preferably, the extruder speed-measuring limiting mechanism comprises an extruder limiting travel switch and a grating ruler, wherein the extruder limiting travel switch consists of an upper travel switch and a lower travel switch, the upper travel switch is used for limiting the upper mechanical part of the extruder, the lower travel switch is used for limiting the lower mechanical part of the extruder, and the movable measuring part of the grating ruler is connected with the movable part of the extruder by using a flexible material.
Preferably, the speed limiting mechanism consists of two microswitches arranged at two sides of a synchronous belt in the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism.
Preferably, the control system comprises a PLC control cabinet and a microcomputer controller installed in the PLC control cabinet, and the microcomputer controller is electrically connected with the brushless motor, the speed limiting mechanism and the extruder speed measuring limiting mechanism respectively.
The invention also provides a control method of the automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the extruder starts to move, and the speed measurement limiting mechanism of the extruder accurately measures the dynamic speed of the extruder, converts the dynamic speed into a pulse signal and outputs the pulse signal to be fed back to a microcomputer controller in the control system;
s2, adjusting the target motion speed parameter of the extruder by the microcomputer controller in the control system according to the parameters of each extrusion stage of the product set by the user, converting the target motion parameter into an analog signal, and finally controlling the motion speed and direction of the brushless motor in real time through the analog signal;
s3, the brushless motor drives a small-diameter synchronous pulley, the small-diameter synchronous pulley drives a large-diameter synchronous pulley, and the large-diameter synchronous pulley is connected with an adjusting rod of a pressure regulating valve of an extruder to further perform speed reduction and pressure regulation;
and S4, if the actual pressure regulating speed exceeds the upper limit/is lower than the pressure regulating speed due to other accidents, the system automatically stops all work and gives an alarm to the outside.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruding machine improves the product quality and the production efficiency, in the prior art, the production process operation of the product is realized by manually regulating the extrusion parameters of the extruding machine through the experience of workers, and the quality of a welding material which is formed by sequentially extruding dozens of blanks is difficult to be uniformly ensured; compared with manual pressure regulation, the total production time of the product can be reduced by about 20% after the production is put into operation, and the product consistency is strong due to mechanical pressure regulation;
2) the automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder is simple and convenient to operate and high in practicability, can realize the combination of full-automatic pressure regulating operation and a manual pressure regulating dual mode, and can stop working and give an alarm in time when an error occurs;
3) the automatic speed regulation and pressure control device of the extruder reduces the number of operators for the whole production line, realizes the liberation of part of labor force during the production of parts, and reduces the management pressure and labor cost for enterprises.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the speed measurement limiting part of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pressure control and speed regulation part of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a limit travel switch of the extruder; 2. a grating scale; 3. a pressure regulating valve of an extruder; 4. a large diameter synchronous pulley; 5. a microswitch; 6. a brushless motor; 7. minor diameter synchronous pulley.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1: an automatic speed and pressure regulating device for an extruder.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a view of a usage implementation scenario of the present invention, in which the installation positions of various mechanisms are indicated:
the A position is a speed measurement limiting part arranged on the main body of the extruding machine;
the part B is a pressure control and speed regulation part arranged on an extruder control seat, the right side of the part B is a PLC control cabinet in a control system, a microcomputer controller is arranged in the PLC control cabinet, and the microcomputer controller is respectively and electrically connected with the brushless motor 6, the speed limiting mechanism and the extruder speed measuring limiting mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, wherein fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a structure of a (speed measuring and limiting part) in fig. 1, and fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a structure of B (pressure and speed controlling and regulating part), and specific functions thereof are implemented as follows:
the part A (speed measurement limiting part) is mainly an extruder speed measurement limiting mechanism in the invention, and comprises an extruder limiting travel switch 1 and a grating ruler 2;
the limiting travel switch 1 of the extruder consists of two travel switches, wherein the upper travel switch is the mechanical upper limit for the extruder to work, and the lower travel switch is the mechanical lower limit for the extruder to work;
the movable measuring part of the grating ruler 2 is connected with the movable part of the extruder by using a flexible material, so that on one hand, the grating ruler 2 can be used for detecting the speed of the extruder in real time and feeding the speed back to a microcomputer controller in a control system in a pulse signal mode, and on the other hand, the damage to equipment caused by forced separation of the extruder and the grating ruler due to errors of other work such as maintenance and the like can be avoided.
The B part (pressure control and speed regulation part) consists of a brushless motor driving mechanism, a synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism and a speed limiting mechanism; the brushless motor mechanism mainly comprises a brushless motor 6 and a motor shaft thereof, and has the function of outputting analog quantity to drive a small-diameter synchronous belt pulley 7; the synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism mainly comprises a small-diameter synchronous belt wheel 7, a large-diameter synchronous belt wheel 4 and a connecting synchronous belt, power is transmitted to the large-diameter synchronous belt wheel 4 through the synchronous belt by the small-diameter synchronous belt wheel 7, the driving force of the brushless motor 6 is directly reduced through the first stage of the small-diameter synchronous belt wheel and the large-diameter synchronous belt wheel, the transmission force acting on the pressure regulating valve 3 of the extruding machine is enhanced, and therefore the automatic regulation of the pressure of the extruding machine is realized;
the speed limiting mechanism consists of two microswitches 5 arranged at two sides of a synchronous belt in the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism, and because the synchronous belt can generate an axial forward and backward deviation during transmission in the pressure control and speed regulation process of the invention, when the synchronous belt deviates to the axial maximum or minimum limit (namely touches the microswitches 5), the device stops acting and feeds back alarm information to the outside, thereby playing a role of limiting and limiting speed.
In the embodiment, the working state of the extruder is detected from the outside through an upper travel switch and a lower travel switch in an extruder limit travel switch 1 to synchronously regulate the working state of the pressure regulating device, when the device starts to work, a grating ruler 2 accurately detects the real-time working speed of the extruder, and then data is fed back to a microcomputer controller in a PLC control cabinet, the microcomputer controller obtains a group of speed control parameters according with a product process by comparing process data set by a user with data fed back by the grating ruler 2, and finally the group of speed control parameters are materialized by using a brushless motor 6 to regulate the extrusion speed of the extruder in real time.
Example 2: control method of automatic speed and pressure regulating device of extruder
Referring to fig. 4, a control method using the automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder in embodiment 1 specifically includes the following steps:
s1, the extruder starts to move, and the speed measurement limiting mechanism of the extruder accurately measures the dynamic speed of the extruder, converts the dynamic speed into a pulse signal and outputs the pulse signal to be fed back to a microcomputer controller in the control system;
s2, adjusting the target motion speed parameter of the extruder by the microcomputer controller in the control system according to the parameters of each extrusion stage of the product set by the user, converting the target motion parameter into an analog signal, and finally controlling the motion speed and direction of the brushless motor in real time through the analog signal;
s3, the brushless motor drives a small-diameter synchronous pulley, the small-diameter synchronous pulley drives a large-diameter synchronous pulley, and the large-diameter synchronous pulley is connected with an adjusting rod of a pressure regulating valve of an extruder to further perform speed reduction and pressure regulation;
and S4, if the actual pressure regulating speed exceeds the upper limit/is lower than the pressure regulating speed due to other accidents, the system automatically stops all work and gives an alarm to the outside.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an automatic speed governing accuse pressure equipment puts which characterized in that includes:
a brushless motor for use as a power drive;
the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism is connected with the extruder pressure regulating valve and the brushless motor and is used for the brushless motor to perform short-distance accurate transmission and speed reduction;
the speed limiting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism and can limit the whole speed and pressure regulating process up and down;
the extruder speed measuring and limiting mechanism is arranged on the movable part and the fixed part of the extruder main body and is used for detecting the moving speed of the extruder in real time, the extruder speed measuring and limiting mechanism comprises an extruder limiting travel switch and a grating ruler, the extruder limiting travel switch consists of an upper travel switch and a lower travel switch, the upper travel switch is the mechanical upper limit for the operation of the extruder, the lower travel switch is the mechanical lower limit for the operation of the extruder, and the movable measuring part of the grating ruler is connected with the movable part of the extruder by using a flexible material;
the control system is respectively electrically connected with the brushless motor, the speed limiting mechanism and the extruder speed-measuring limiting mechanism, can detect the real-time working speed and the working start-stop state of the extruder, controls the start-stop of the driving motor and the forward and reverse rotation speed, and sets the adjusting stroke;
the brushless motor is arranged at a vacant position beside the pressure regulating valve of the extruder and is connected with the vacant position by the synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism, the speed limiting mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the synchronous belt speed reducing mechanism, and the movable end of the speed measuring limiting mechanism of the extruder is connected with the movable part of the extruder.
2. The automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the synchronous pulley speed reducing mechanism comprises a large-diameter synchronous pulley and a small-diameter synchronous pulley, the small-diameter synchronous pulley is installed on an output shaft of the brushless motor, the large-diameter synchronous pulley is installed on an extruder pressure regulating valve, and the small-diameter synchronous pulley and the large-diameter synchronous pulley are connected through a synchronous belt.
3. The automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the speed limiting mechanism consists of two microswitches which are arranged at two sides of a synchronous belt in the synchronous belt wheel speed reducing mechanism.
4. The automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the control system comprises a PLC control cabinet and a microcomputer controller installed in the PLC control cabinet, wherein the microcomputer controller is respectively electrically connected with the brushless motor, the speed limiting mechanism and the extruder speed measuring limiting mechanism.
5. A control method using the automatic speed and pressure regulating device of the extruder in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the extruder starts to move, and the speed measurement limiting mechanism of the extruder accurately measures the dynamic speed of the extruder, converts the dynamic speed into a pulse signal and outputs the pulse signal to be fed back to a microcomputer controller in the control system;
s2, adjusting the target motion speed parameter of the extruder by the microcomputer controller in the control system according to the parameters of each extrusion stage of the product set by the user, converting the target motion parameter into an analog signal, and finally controlling the motion speed and direction of the brushless motor in real time through the analog signal;
s3, the brushless motor drives a small-diameter synchronous pulley, the small-diameter synchronous pulley drives a large-diameter synchronous pulley, and the large-diameter synchronous pulley is connected with an adjusting rod of a pressure regulating valve of an extruder to further perform speed reduction and pressure regulation;
and S4, if the actual pressure regulating speed exceeds the upper limit/is lower than the lower limit due to other accidents, the system automatically stops all work and gives an alarm to the outside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811213365.7A CN109226317B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Automatic speed and pressure regulating device of extruder and control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811213365.7A CN109226317B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Automatic speed and pressure regulating device of extruder and control method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109226317A CN109226317A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN109226317B true CN109226317B (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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| CN201811213365.7A Expired - Fee Related CN109226317B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Automatic speed and pressure regulating device of extruder and control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111014330A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-17 | 扬州瑞斯乐复合金属材料有限公司 | Production method of micro-channel aluminum flat tube |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5832518A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1983-02-25 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of extruded material |
| JPS61135416A (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1986-06-23 | Ube Ind Ltd | Extruding press |
| CN1765618A (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-03 | 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 | Digit controlled hydraulic press capable of realizing liquid closed-loop control |
| CN201261141Y (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-06-24 | 珠海市旺磐精密机械有限公司 | Machine tool oil pressure speed regulating device |
| CN102049461B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-11-14 | 中北大学 | Multidirectional numerical control hydraulic press for metal plasticity forming |
| CN204912328U (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-30 | 孙小明 | Machine vision's extruder speed control system |
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