[go: up one dir, main page]

CN109226299A - 一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109226299A
CN109226299A CN201811331582.6A CN201811331582A CN109226299A CN 109226299 A CN109226299 A CN 109226299A CN 201811331582 A CN201811331582 A CN 201811331582A CN 109226299 A CN109226299 A CN 109226299A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
drawing die
wire
lubrication
wire drawing
self
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811331582.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
吴泽
邢佑强
黄鹏
刘磊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Southeast University
Original Assignee
Southeast University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Southeast University filed Critical Southeast University
Priority to CN201811331582.6A priority Critical patent/CN109226299A/zh
Publication of CN109226299A publication Critical patent/CN109226299A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422—Carbon
    • C04B2235/425—Graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/428—Silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/444—Halide containing anions, e.g. bromide, iodate, chlorite
    • C04B2235/445—Fluoride containing anions, e.g. fluosilicate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/95—Products characterised by their size, e.g. microceramics

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于金属线材拉拔模具制造技术领域，涉及一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法。该叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具的基体材料为高硬度的结构陶瓷，模具沿拉拔工作方向由基本层和润滑层交替叠加构成，基本层保证模具的整体结构强度，润滑层提供拉拔生产的润滑功能。该叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具是通过层状叠加铺料、热压烧结、金刚石超精密铣削制孔等工艺制备而成。该拉丝模具可广泛应用于强韧性金属线材的干式拉拔加工，能够有效改善拉拔工作界面的恶劣摩擦磨损工况，从而显著提高线材生产的表面质量及拉丝模具的工作寿命，简便高效，节能环保。

Description

一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法，属于线材拉拔模具制造技术领域。
背景技术
拉丝模具是拉拔加工过程中必不可少的、易消耗性工具，在线材生产成本中占有很大的比例。金属线材加工行业为了提高产品竞争力，对拉丝模具质量的提高和制造方法的创新越来越重视。目前，以提高拉丝模具使用寿命为主要目标，国内外研究者在模具内孔结构设计、材料选择、制造工艺的改进及减摩抗磨措施等方面进行了深入系统的研究，研制出了拉丝模具孔型设计方法、新型拉丝模具材料以及涂层拉丝模具等，促进了金属线材拉拔加工行业的发展。线材拉拔生产过程中，拉丝模具的主要失效形式为破坏和磨损，其中磨损更为突出，拉拔加工的高温、高压会造成模具内孔工作面的磨损失效，导致被加工线材出现尺寸不精确、表面质量下降等缺陷。陶瓷材料具备原材料资源丰富、高硬度、化学稳定性好、耐高温等突出优点，但其对缺陷敏感、干摩擦条件下摩擦系数较高等缺点也成为了影响其拉拔应用的不利因素。寻找一种克服陶瓷材料干摩擦条件下摩擦系数较高这一弊端的方法，进行陶瓷拉丝模具的自润滑材料设计及结构设计，对促进陶瓷材料在拉拔加工行业的应用及金属线材拉拔加工质量的提高均具有重要意义。
中国专利“专利号：ZL201520142532.9”报道了一种复合型自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具，该发明通过多模块组装及模芯材料自润滑组合实现钢丝拉拔生产的润滑功效，可改善钢丝拉拔过程中模具的磨损状态。中国专利“专利号：ZL201420052322.6”报道了一种自润滑拉丝模具，该技术通过在拉丝模具的模芯上设置润滑油进油孔以及油箱供油的方式实现拉拔生产的润滑功效，该技术同时设置了污油处理机构，润滑油可循环使用。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，解决陶瓷拉丝模具干式拉拔生产过程中的高摩擦系数的现实问题，提供一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法。
技术方案：本发明的一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具的基体材料为高硬度的结构陶瓷，模具沿拉拔工作方向由基本层和润滑层交替叠加构成，基本层保证模具的整体结构强度，润滑层提供拉拔生产的润滑功能。
本发明的一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具的制备方法如下：常规氮化硅基陶瓷材料作为基本层材料，氮化硅基陶瓷材料与润滑相的组合配料作为润滑层材料，在石墨模具中将基本层材料粉体、润滑层材料粉体依次装料、预压，形成基本层与润滑层交替组合的叠层预压料结构，在通充分氮气条件下热压烧结形成拉丝模具坯体；采用超声振动辅助金刚石超精密微铣削的方法在拉丝模具坯体中间加工拉拔小孔，形成规定结构尺寸要求的叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具。
有益效果：本发明通过陶瓷拉丝模具的基本层与润滑层的交替组合设计，实现金属线材干式拉拔加工的自润滑效果。相对于现有普通陶瓷拉丝模具，本发明的润滑层能够发挥润滑功效，可克服陶瓷材料干摩擦条件下的高摩擦系数的弊端。相对于现有基体添加润滑剂的陶瓷拉丝模具，本发明的基本层和润滑层交替组合配置，基本层能够保证模具的整体结构强度要求，克服基体添加润滑剂的陶瓷材料的强度减弱的弊端。本发明的一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具的制备工艺简便，该模具可广泛应用于金属线材的干式拉拔的自润滑生产，无需其他辅助润滑工艺，拉拔加工过程高效，节能环保。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具，其基体材料为氮化硅基陶瓷材料，模具沿拉拔工作方向由基本层和润滑层交替叠加构成，基本层的单层厚度为1mm，润滑层的单层厚度亦为1mm，模具沿轴向共计35层，模具长35mm，外圆柱直径Φ30mm。
该叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具的制备方法如下：
(1)基本层材料粉体成分为75wt％的Si3N4和25wt％的Si，润滑层材料粉体成分为75wt％的Si3N4、10wt％的Si、7wt％的润滑相C(石墨)、8wt％的润滑相MgF2，在石墨模具中将基本层材料粉体、润滑层材料粉体按照烧结成型厚度1mm的用料需求依次装料、预压，形成基本层与润滑层交替组合的叠层预压料结构，在通充分氮气、烧结温度1600℃、加压19.5MPa的条件下热压烧结形成长35mm、外圆直径Φ30mm的圆柱状拉丝模具坯体。
(2)采用超声振动辅助金刚石超精密微铣削的方法在拉丝模具坯体中间加工拉拔小孔，制备出定型径Φ4mm、入口张角12°、出口张角55°、内孔表面粗糙度Ra4.5的氮化硅基叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具。
实施例2：
一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具，其基体材料为氮化硅基陶瓷材料，模具沿拉拔工作方向由基本层和润滑层交替叠加构成，基本层的单层厚度为1mm，润滑层的单层厚度亦为0.8mm，模具沿轴向共计41层，其中基本层21层、润滑层20层，模具长37mm，外圆柱直径Φ35mm。
该叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具的制备方法如下：
(1)基本层材料粉体成分为80wt％的Si3N4和20wt％的SiC，润滑层材料粉体成分为75wt％的Si、15wt％的C(石墨)、10wt％的润滑相CaF2，在石墨模具中将基本层材料粉体、润滑层材料粉体按照烧结成型厚度分别为1mm、0.8mm的用料需求依次装料、预压，形成基本层与润滑层交替组合的叠层预压料结构，在通充分氮气、烧结温度1650℃、加压19.2MPa的条件下热压烧结形成长37mm、外圆直径Φ35mm的圆柱状拉丝模具坯体。烧结过程中，润滑层中的部分石墨会与氮气反应生成颗粒弥散增韧相SiC，部分未反应石墨继续与CaF2共同充当润滑介质。
(2)采用超声振动辅助金刚石超精密微铣削的方法在拉丝模具坯体中间加工拉拔小孔，制备出定型径Φ5mm、入口张角14°、出口张角58°、内孔表面粗糙度Ra5.0的氮化硅基叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具。

Claims (2)

1.一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具，其特征在于：拉丝模具的基体材料为高硬度的结构陶瓷，模具沿拉拔工作方向由基本层和润滑层交替叠加构成，基本层保证模具的整体结构强度，润滑层提供拉拔生产的润滑功能。
2.按权利要求1所述的一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具，其特征是通过如下方法制备：
(1)常规氮化硅基陶瓷材料作为基本层材料，氮化硅基陶瓷材料与润滑相的组合配料作为润滑层材料，在石墨模具中将基本层材料粉体、润滑层材料粉体依次装料、预压，形成基本层与润滑层交替组合的叠层预压料结构，在通充分氮气条件下热压烧结形成拉丝模具坯体。
(2)采用超声振动辅助金刚石超精密微铣削的方法在拉丝模具坯体中间加工拉拔小孔，形成规定结构尺寸要求的叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具。
CN201811331582.6A 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法 Pending CN109226299A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811331582.6A CN109226299A (zh) 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811331582.6A CN109226299A (zh) 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109226299A true CN109226299A (zh) 2019-01-18

Family

ID=65077816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811331582.6A Pending CN109226299A (zh) 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109226299A (zh)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1289730A (zh) * 1969-11-15 1972-09-20
JPH02221352A (ja) * 1989-02-23 1990-09-04 Fuji Dies Kk 摺動・摩擦部用部材
CN101318839A (zh) * 2008-07-03 2008-12-10 上海交通大学 碳化硅陶瓷和金刚石复合拉拔模具制备方法
CN102936137A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2013-02-20 济南大学 一种Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2自润滑叠层陶瓷拉拔模具材料
CN103332934A (zh) * 2013-06-09 2013-10-02 济南大学 一种Al2O3-TiC/ Al2O3-TiC-CaF2自润滑叠层陶瓷拉拔模具及其制备方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1289730A (zh) * 1969-11-15 1972-09-20
JPH02221352A (ja) * 1989-02-23 1990-09-04 Fuji Dies Kk 摺動・摩擦部用部材
CN101318839A (zh) * 2008-07-03 2008-12-10 上海交通大学 碳化硅陶瓷和金刚石复合拉拔模具制备方法
CN102936137A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2013-02-20 济南大学 一种Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2自润滑叠层陶瓷拉拔模具材料
CN103332934A (zh) * 2013-06-09 2013-10-02 济南大学 一种Al2O3-TiC/ Al2O3-TiC-CaF2自润滑叠层陶瓷拉拔模具及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
武建军等: "《机械工程材料》", 31 May 2014 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102575324A (zh) 滑动轴承、制备方法以及内燃机
CN103586296B (zh) 一种镶拼式陶瓷拉丝模及其制备方法
CN103757513A (zh) 一种Al2O3/Ti(C,N)纳米复合金属陶瓷模具材料及制备方法
CN101555906B (zh) 轻薄型自润滑轴承及其制造方法
CN102936137B (zh) 一种Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2自润滑叠层陶瓷拉拔模具材料
CN102092164B (zh) 具有仿生结构的自润滑陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法
CN103508744A (zh) 陶瓷及其制备方法和应用
Yang et al. Laminated structure optimization and drawing performance of Al2O3–TiC/Al2O3–TiC–CaF2 self-lubricating laminated ceramic conical die
CN106699190B (zh) 一种用立方氮化硼单晶原生料作为初始原料制备聚晶烧结体的方法
CN201815552U (zh) 一种表面有镀覆层的金刚石
CN109226299A (zh) 一种叠层自润滑陶瓷拉丝模具及其制备方法
CN103727321A (zh) 多层复合耐磨减压管及其制备方法
CN102305328B (zh) 氧化铝复合陶瓷内衬弯头及其加工方法
CN202732711U (zh) 一种耐磨轴承
CN1398819A (zh) 铁铝金属间化合物/氧化锆陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法
JP6475416B2 (ja) ピストンリング及びその製造方法
CN108571443A (zh) 一种双骨架结合的金属-陶瓷复合缸套及其制造方法
CN101289313B (zh) 一种氧化铝基纳米复相陶瓷拉丝模的制备方法
CN201471804U (zh) 一种金属/陶瓷三层复合材料
CN101761659B (zh) 陶瓷复合阀门的制作工艺
CN202812177U (zh) 一种发动机活塞环的耐磨耐高温涂层结构
CN202348834U (zh) 包覆不锈钢的行程检测活塞杆及其液压油缸
CN106246532A (zh) 一种陶瓷‑尼龙复合缸套及其制造方法
CN2856666Y (zh) 一种真空负压铸造特种合金双金属复合输送管道
CN2579532Y (zh) 陶瓷筛辊

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20190118

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication