CN109223197B

CN109223197B - Rotary disc type positioner for femur neck fracture hollow nail

Info

Publication number: CN109223197B
Application number: CN201811366808.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈聚伍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-11-16
Filing date: 2018-11-16
Publication date: 2024-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-16
Also published as: CN109223197A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary disc type positioning device for a femur neck fracture hollow nail, which comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a universal joint positioning mechanism. The invention adopts the femoral neck guide pin as a fixed axis, and the installation position of the hollow nail is determined by the rotation of the rotary positioner. Can always keep the rotation adjustment and the positioning of the hollow nail and the femur neck guide needle in the parallel state. Therefore, the purpose of quickly and accurately positioning the hollow nails in parallel can be achieved. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simplified structure and simplified operation under the condition of complete functions, wide application range and more contribution to popularization and application.

Description

Rotary disc type positioner for femur neck fracture hollow nail

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of femur neck fracture positioning instruments, and particularly relates to a femur neck fracture hollow nail rotary disc type positioning device.

Background

At present, the human society is aged, and the fracture of the femoral neck and the femoral tuberosity is a common frequently-occurring disease of the elderly. When the screw and nail plate system is fixed for the fracture of the femoral neck or the intertrochanteric fracture, a femoral neck guide pin is firstly driven, and the guide pin is mainly used for controlling the neck shaft angle and the forward dip angle. At present, an accurate and simple aiming device is arranged for controlling the neck dry angle of the guide pin, and the control of the forward dip angle still stays on the basis of experience judgment; in addition, when the femur neck fracture is fixed by adopting a hollow screw, the positions of the three guide pins need to be adjusted for a plurality of times in the operation, and the three guide pins are difficult to ensure to be parallel to each other, thus becoming the operation difficulty. Because the femur neck anatomical structure is special, the neck stem angle and the front inclination angle exist on different planes, and the positions are deep and hidden, the correct placement of the positioning guide needle has certain difficulty. In clinic, when the internal fixation is used for treating fracture of femoral neck and femoral tuberosity, the guide needle is firstly put into the fracture for positioning. The guide needle is usually placed according to clinical experience of doctors, and a C-arm machine is needed to carry out perspective after each needle insertion to check whether the guide needle enters into place, but the guide needle cannot be placed correctly due to bad grasp of needle insertion points or upper or lower offset, front inclination angles and neck dry angles.

In recent years many scholars have devised surgical instruments and even applied computer-aided navigation systems. In the instruments with similar design principles, the fixed-point puncture needle needs to puncture to the central point of the femoral head, and the fracture reduction of the patient with the fracture of the femoral neck needs to be maintained at the internal rotation position of the lower limb, at the moment, the point is embedded by the acetabulum and is not easy to puncture, and the point is close to the celiac and femoral vascular nerves and is easy to puncture the important tissues. With the conventional DSH angle guide, the guide needle needs to be taken out after the guide needle is drilled in the operation, if the guide needle is found to be inclined upwards or downwards, and the guide needle needs to be drilled in again after adjustment, if the guide needle is not satisfied, the operation needs to be repeated again. The repeated needle insertion is caused for a plurality of times, iatrogenic damage is brought to the patient, and the radiation injury is brought to the patient and medical staff by the repeated C-arm machine perspective.

When the hollow nail is fixed at the position of the fracture of the neck of the femur, the guide needle of the neck of the femur needs to be positioned at first, and the hollow nail and the guide needle of the neck of the femur need to be kept parallel. When the guide needle is driven in the clinic, the control of the forward inclination angle lacks a osseous mark, which becomes an operation difficulty. In addition, the perspective in the lateral position operation is relatively complex, the definition is also poor, and a lot of time is wasted due to the adjustment of the front inclination angle. The fracture between the femoral neck and the tuberosity is mostly old people, the operation time is prolonged, the risk is greatly increased, and the front inclination angle between the front side and the rear side is also an important reason for the cutting out of the femoral neck by the postoperative screw due to the loose fracture. The inventor submits a femur neck fracture hollow nail accurate positioning device in 2018 in 6 months, and is used for solving the technical problems, providing accurate positioning for driving a femur neck guide needle in a femur neck fracture operation process, improving operation precision and efficiency and reducing operation difficulty and failure risk. But the adjustment of the device needs to rely on a large bracket structure, and the device is flexible and not strong in usability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention further provides a rotary table type positioning device for the hollow nail of the femoral neck fracture, which is used for rapidly, accurately and stably positioning a guide pin and flexibly adapting to various operation environments.

Technical scheme 1: a rotary disc type positioning device for a femur neck fracture hollow nail comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a universal joint positioning mechanism.

The rotary adjusting mechanism comprises a base and an adjusting turntable, a positioning middle boss is arranged at the center of the upper part of the base, a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the lower part of the adjusting turntable and is matched and sleeved on the outer side of the positioning middle boss, and therefore the adjusting turntable can rotate at the center of the upper side of the base; the inner side of base upper portion is provided with annular slide, and annular slide's upper edge is provided with keeps off the edge, is provided with two carousel perforation on the periphery of regulation carousel at least and is equipped with the carousel lock silk respectively in the cover, the lower extreme of carousel lock silk is provided with the slide cap, the slide cap match the cover in the annular slip and can follow the ring slip, the partial cover that the carousel lock silk is located the carousel perforation upside is equipped with the lock female.

The transverse moving adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed block and a sliding block, wherein the fixed block is positioned in the middle of the upper side of the adjusting turntable and is fixed with the adjusting turntable into a whole, a dovetail sliding strip is arranged on the upper side of the fixed block, a dovetail sliding groove is arranged in the middle of the lower side of the sliding block, and the dovetail sliding groove is matched and sleeved with the dovetail sliding strip; screw holes are formed in the fixing blocks along the length direction, a transverse adjusting screw rod and a transverse adjusting knob are arranged in the fixing blocks, one connecting piece is fixed at the end part of the sliding block through a fixing bolt, a clamping head is arranged at the lower end of the connecting piece, and the clamping head is clamped in a clamping groove formed in the transverse adjusting screw rod.

The longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a main rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism and a secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism, wherein the main rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed vertical sleeve, a gear box and a main rod, and the fixed vertical sleeve and the gear box are fixed into a whole and are arranged on one side of the sliding block through a fixed seat; the main rod is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve, one side of the sleeving part of the main rod is provided with a rack, the rack is meshed with a gear arranged in the gear box, and one end of a rotating shaft of the gear extends out of the gear box to be provided with a knob or a poking jack; the secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, wherein the sleeve I of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to the sleeve II, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I is sleeved on the main rod and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II is sleeved with the secondary rod and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II are also sleeved with adjusting nuts, and the tail end of the secondary rod is provided with a threaded section and is arranged in the adjusting nuts.

The universal joint positioning mechanism comprises a fixed ring sleeve, a movable ring sleeve and an inner sphere, wherein the inner surfaces of the fixed ring sleeve and the movable ring sleeve are spherical surfaces, the fixed ring sleeve and the movable ring sleeve are combined and fixed, the inner sphere is matched and sleeved with the outer side of the inner sphere, the center of the inner sphere is provided with a center positioning hole, the periphery of the center positioning hole is provided with an edge guiding insertion hole, one side of the fixed ring sleeve is connected with an inserting rod, and the tail end of the inserting rod is provided with a thin neck section and a clamping ring.

The end parts of the main rod and the auxiliary rod are respectively provided with an axle center slot, each axle center slot is respectively sleeved with a corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is radially provided with a screw hole and is provided with a positioning screw rod, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring.

Further, the lower side of base is connected with compound seat, and compound seat is parallel with the base, and the corresponding position of two is the screw and is used for installing connecting bolt respectively, makes both even as an organic whole but has the fit clearance, and one of them is provided with the screw and is used for installing the jack-up bolt, and the jack-up bolt supports and is used for supporting and adjusting two clearance width on the terminal surface that does not have the screw.

A supporting frame or a fixing rod can be fixed at the lower end of the base or the composite seat for fixing with the bed body or the equipment bracket.

In addition, a screw hole is formed in the slider in a penetrating mode, a slider locking wire is installed in the slider, and the end portion of the slider locking wire is supported on the end face of the adjusting turntable.

The inner side of the second sleeve is provided with a clamping groove and is provided with a positioning block, and meanwhile, the side surface of the secondary rod is provided with a positioning groove which is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block.

Technical scheme 2: a rotary disc type positioning device for a femur neck fracture hollow nail comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a rotation positioning mechanism.

In the scheme, the longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism comprises a main rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism and a secondary rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism, wherein the main rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed vertical sleeve, a gear box and a main rod, and the fixed vertical sleeve and the gear box are fixed into a whole and fixed on a support; the main rod is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve, one side of the sleeving part of the main rod is provided with a rack, the rack is meshed with a gear arranged in the gear box, and one end of a rotating shaft of the gear extends out of the gear box to be provided with a knob or a poking jack; the secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, wherein the sleeve I of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to the sleeve II, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I is sleeved on the main rod and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II is sleeved with the secondary rod and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II are also sleeved with adjusting nuts, and the tail end of the secondary rod is provided with a threaded section and is arranged in the adjusting nuts.

Further, a clamping groove is formed in the inner side of the second sleeve, a positioning block is arranged on the inner side of the second sleeve, a positioning groove is formed in the side face of the second sleeve, and the positioning groove is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block.

The lower side of the support is also connected with a composite seat, the composite seat is parallel to the base, corresponding positions of the composite seat and the base are respectively provided with screw holes for installing connecting bolts, so that the composite seat and the base are connected into a whole and have fit gaps, one of the composite seat and the base is provided with screw holes for installing a jacking bolt, and the jacking bolt is supported on the end face without the screw holes and is used for supporting and adjusting the gap width of the composite seat and the base.

Technical scheme 3: a rotary disc type positioning device for a femur neck fracture hollow nail comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a rotation positioning mechanism.

The rotary positioning mechanism in the scheme comprises a rotator, wherein a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the rotator, edge guiding insertion holes are formed in the periphery of the central positioning hole, rotating shafts are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the rotator, fork-shaped brackets and shaft holes are respectively arranged at the tail ends of a main rod and a slave rod, and the rotating shafts on two sides of the rotator are installed in the corresponding shaft holes in a matching mode; the fork-shaped bracket is positioned at the tail end of the main rod, and the tail end of the fork-shaped bracket is provided with a thin neck section and a clamping ring; the tail end of the main rod is provided with an axle center slot, the axle center slot is sleeved with the corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is provided with a screw hole along the radial direction, and a positioning screw rod is arranged on the side wall of each axle center slot, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring.

The longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a main rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism and a secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism, wherein the main rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed vertical sleeve, a gear box and a main rod, and the fixed vertical sleeve and the gear box are fixed into a whole and fixed on a support; the main rod is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve, one side of the sleeving part of the main rod is provided with a rack, the rack is meshed with a gear arranged in the gear box, and one end of a rotating shaft of the gear extends out of the gear box to be provided with a knob or a poking jack; the secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, wherein the sleeve I of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to the sleeve II, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I is sleeved on the main rod and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II is sleeved with the secondary rod and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II are also sleeved with adjusting nuts, and the tail end of the secondary rod is provided with a threaded section and is arranged in the adjusting nuts.

Further, the lower side of the support is connected with a composite seat, the composite seat is parallel to the base, corresponding positions of the composite seat and the base are respectively provided with screw holes for installing connecting bolts, so that the composite seat and the base are connected into a whole and have fit gaps, one of the composite seat and the base is provided with screw holes for installing a tightening bolt, and the tightening bolt is supported on the end face without the screw holes and is used for supporting and adjusting the gap width of the composite seat and the base.

Technical scheme 4: a rotary disc type positioning device for a femur neck fracture hollow nail comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a rotation positioning mechanism.

The rotary positioning mechanism comprises a rotator, a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the rotator, edge guiding insertion holes are formed in the periphery of the central positioning hole, rotating shafts are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the rotator, fork-shaped brackets and shaft holes are respectively arranged at the tail ends of the main rod and the auxiliary rod, and the rotating shafts on two sides of the rotator are installed in the corresponding shaft holes in a matching mode; the fork-shaped bracket is positioned at the tail end of the main rod, and the tail end of the fork-shaped bracket is provided with a thin neck section and a clamping ring; the tail end of the main rod is provided with an axle center slot, the axle center slot is sleeved with the corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is provided with a screw hole along the radial direction, and a positioning screw rod is arranged on the side wall of each axle center slot, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring.

And a supporting frame or a fixing rod is fixed at the lower end of the base or the composite seat and is used for being fixed with a bed body or an equipment bracket.

The end part of the sliding block locking wire is supported on the end surface of the adjusting turntable.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the positioning device can realize quick and accurate operation, does not need to fix the position of the femoral neck of a human body in an auxiliary way, can shorten the operation time, reduce the wound area and reduce the bleeding amount. As can be seen from the operation mode of FIG. 1, the femoral neck center guide tube can carry the rotary positioner body to rotate for a certain angle in the horizontal direction, so that the requirements of X-ray system perspective are met, the angle can be vertically adjusted, and the optimal positioning is finally achieved through recording and calculating the rotation angle and reducing adjustment. Compared with the current situation that the femoral neck guide pin component is fixed at the femoral neck position when the femoral neck guide pin is positioned, the femoral neck guide pin positioning device does not need additional fixing nails and fixing frames attached to the femoral neck position when the femoral neck guide pin is positioned. The invention realizes rotation adjustment, transverse movement adjustment, longitudinal movement adjustment of the main rod and the auxiliary rod and universal adjustment of the femoral neck central guide tube and the femoral neck guide needle through the simplified adjusting mechanism. The adjustment can enable the central guide tube of the femur neck at the inner ends of the left universal joint and the right universal joint to move to a range which is approximately parallel to the hollow nail at the inner end of the femur. The inner sphere in the universal joint positioning mechanism can swing randomly, so that the shaft hole of the inner sphere of the universal shaft is at any angle. When the left universal joint and the right universal joint are matched, the adjustment of the connecting rod and the locking block is combined, so that the adjustment of any angle of the femoral neck center guide tube can be realized. The aim of adjusting any angle of the femoral neck central guide tube in a proper range is fulfilled, so that the success rate of aiming the femoral neck guide needle is greatly improved under the non-invasive condition.

The invention adopts the femoral neck guide pin as a fixed axis, and the installation position of the hollow nail is determined by the rotation of the rotary positioner. Can always keep the rotation adjustment and the positioning of the hollow nail and the femur neck guide needle in the parallel state. Therefore, the purpose of quickly and accurately positioning the hollow nails in parallel can be achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simplified structure and simplified operation under the condition of complete functions, wide application range and more contribution to push rod application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a positioning device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation state and adjustment relation of the invention applied to the femoral neck guide pin and the femoral hollow nail.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of the main components of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting dial of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the sectional structure B-B in FIG. 5.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the adjustment dial and the base after installation.

FIG. 9 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of the adjustment dial and base after installation.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a slider and adjustment dial mounting structure.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the boom extension adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the internal structure of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a slave lever telescoping adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a gimbal structure with a guiding function according to the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings: 1 is a base, 2 is an adjusting turntable, 3 is an annular slideway, 4 is a baffle edge, 5 is a turntable locking wire, 6 is a sliding cap, 7 is a locking nut, 8 is a locking wire mounting hole, 9 is a positioning middle boss, 10 is a turntable perforation, 11 is a dovetail sliding bar, 12 is a sliding block, 13 is a dovetail sliding groove, 14 is a fixed block, 15 is a fixed nut, 16 is a transverse adjusting screw rod, 17 is a transverse adjusting knob, 18 is a connecting piece, 19 is a clamping head, 20 is a connecting piece fixing bolt 20, 21 is a sliding block locking wire, 22 is a fixed seat, 23 is a fixing vertical sleeve, 24 is a main rod, 25 is a gear box, 26 is a rotating shaft, 27 is a stirring jack, 28 is a rack, 29 is a gear, 30 is a composite seat, 31 is a connecting bolt, 32 is a jacking bolt, 33 is a dial, 34 is a positioning score line, 35 is a supporting frame, 36 is a fixed rod, 37 is a sleeve I, 38 is a sleeve locking wire, 39 is a fixed connecting rod, 40 is a sleeve II, 41 is a slave rod, 42 is an adjusting nut, 43 is a threaded section, 44 is a sleeve locking wire, 45 is a positioning groove, 46 is a positioning block, 47 is a fixed ring sleeve, 48 is a movable ring sleeve, 49 is an inner sphere, 50 is a central positioning hole, 51 is an edge guiding jack, 52 is a inserted rod, 53 is a clamping ring, 54 is a positioning screw rod, 55 is a fixed screw, 56 is a femoral neck central guiding tube, 57 is a positioning reference ball, 58 is a femoral neck guiding needle, 59 is a serial connection fixed screw, 60 is a nut, 61 is a rotating body, 62 is a rotating shaft, 63 is a fork-shaped bracket, 64 is a shaft hole, and 65 is a locking wire.

Detailed Description

Example 1: the first rotary disc type positioning device for the femur neck fracture hollow nail is shown in figures 1, 2 and 4, and mainly comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism, a universal joint positioning mechanism and a fixing mechanism.

Wherein the rotation adjustment mechanism is shown with reference to fig. 5-9. The base 1 is a supporting part connected with a fixing mechanism. The fixing mechanism can be a supporting frame and a fixing rod as shown in the figure, the supporting frame is used for being fixedly sleeved with the side support of the operating table and is locked, the fixing rod can be matched with a clamp or other locking pieces to fix, and the fixing mode is various and not described in detail. In this embodiment, a composite seat is connected to the lower side of the base 1, as shown in fig. 1, the composite seat is parallel to the base 1, and corresponding positions of the composite seat and the base 1 are respectively provided with screw holes for installing connecting bolts, so that the composite seat and the base 1 are connected into a whole. The fit clearance between the composite seat and the base 1 is an adjusting clearance, so that the height of the base 1 can be properly changed, and the vibration influence is weakened. One of the composite seat and the base 1 is provided with a screw hole for installing a jacking bolt, and the jacking bolt is supported on the end face without the screw hole for supporting and adjusting the gap width of the composite seat and the base. The center of the upper part of the base 1 is provided with a positioning middle boss 9, the center of the lower part of the adjusting turntable 2 is provided with a center positioning hole 50 and is matched and sleeved outside the positioning middle boss 9, so that the adjusting turntable 2 can rotate at the center of the upper side of the base 1.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, an annular slideway 3 is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the base 1, a blocking edge 4 is arranged on the upper edge of the annular slideway 3, and at least two turntable perforations are arranged on the circumferential surface of the adjusting turntable 2 and are respectively sleeved with a turntable locking wire 5. Simultaneously, be provided with slide cap 6 at the lower extreme of carousel lock silk 5, slide cap 6 match the suit in annular slip and can follow the ring slip, the partial cover that carousel lock silk 5 is located carousel perforation upside has lock female 7. An annular dial is arranged on the base 1, and positioning scribing lines are arranged on the adjusting turntable 2, so that the control of the rotation angle is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the traversing adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed block 14 and a sliding block 12, wherein the fixed block 14 is positioned at the middle part of the upper side of the adjusting turntable 2 and is fixed with the adjusting turntable 2 into a whole. The upper side of the fixed block 14 is provided with a dovetail slide bar 11, the middle part of the lower side of the slide block 12 is provided with a dovetail slide groove 13, and the dovetail slide groove 13 is matched and sleeved with the dovetail slide bar 11. So that the slider 12 can slide on the fixed block 14 in the lateral direction without falling off.

Screw holes are formed in the fixing block 14 along the length direction, a blind hole or a through hole is formed in the fixing block 14 along the length direction in fig. 10, a fixing nut 15 is welded at the end part of the blind hole or the through hole, a transverse adjusting screw rod 16 is installed in the fixing nut 15, the tail end of the transverse adjusting screw rod 16 is a transverse adjusting knob, a fixing gasket is arranged in the transverse adjusting knob in a tested mode, and a clamping groove is formed between the transverse adjusting knob and the fixing gasket. In this embodiment, a connecting piece 18 is fixed to the end of the slider 12 by a fixing bolt, so that the connecting piece 18 can drive the slider 12 to move together when moving. And a clamping head is arranged at the lower end of the connecting piece 18, and the clamping head is fork-shaped and is clamped in a clamping groove arranged on the transverse adjusting screw rod, so that when the transverse adjusting screw rod 16 rotates clockwise to advance or rotates anticlockwise to retreat, the connecting piece 18 can be driven to further drive the sliding block 12 to horizontally translate. A screw hole is formed in the slider 12, and a slider lock wire 21 is attached thereto, and an end of the slider lock wire 21 is supported by an end face of the adjustment dial 2.

As shown in fig. 3, the traversing adjusting mechanism traverses on the basis of the rotation adjusting mechanism, and the longitudinal-movement adjusting mechanism realizes the longitudinal movement on the basis of the traversing adjusting mechanism. Specifically, the longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a primary lever longitudinal adjustment mechanism and a secondary lever longitudinal adjustment mechanism.

Referring to fig. 4, 11 and 12, the main lever longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a fixed vertical sleeve 23, a gear 29 box 25 and a main lever 24, the fixed vertical sleeve 23 and the gear 29 box 25 are fixed as one body and are mounted on one side of the slider 12 through a fixing base 22. Wherein, the main rod 24 is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve 23, and one side of the sleeved part of the main rod 24 is provided with a rack 28, and the rack 28 is meshed with a gear 29 arranged in the gear 29 box 25. One end of the rotating shaft 26 of the gear 29 extends out of the gear 29 box 25 and is provided with a knob or a dial jack for adjusting the rotation of the gear 29. The gear 29 rotates to drive the rack 28 on the main rod 24, so as to drive the main rod 24 to longitudinally move, and the longitudinal movement of the main rod 24 can be restrained by the locking wire 65.

Referring to fig. 4 and 13, the slave rod longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a union sleeve including a sleeve one 37 and a sleeve two 40, with the sleeve one 37 and the sleeve two 40 being parallel. The first sleeve 37 and the second sleeve 40 are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the first sleeve 37 is sleeved on the main rod 24 and provided with a sleeve locking wire 38, the second sleeve 40 is sleeved with a slave rod 41 and provided with a sleeve locking wire 44. Meanwhile, one end or two ends of the second sleeve 40 are sleeved with adjusting nuts 42, the adjusting nuts 42 are sleeved at the end parts of the second sleeve 40 and can rotate, and a blocking table for preventing falling is arranged at the sleeving position of the adjusting nuts 42 and the second sleeve. The end of the slave rod 41 is provided with a threaded section and is arranged in the adjusting nut 42, and the adjusting nut 42 is rotated by hand, so that the slave rod 41 can be driven to axially move, and further the longitudinal telescopic movement of the slave rod 41 is realized. When the adjusting nut 42 is rotated, the rotation of the slave lever 41 is required to be prevented to enable the slave lever 41 to axially move, the slave lever 41 can be restrained from rotating by hand, a clamping groove can be formed in the inner side of the second sleeve 40 and a positioning block can be mounted on the inner side of the second sleeve as shown in fig. 13, and a positioning groove is formed in the side surface of the slave lever 41 and is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block. The sleeve locking wire 44 serves to restrict longitudinal movement of the slave rod 41.

The embodiment adopts a universal joint positioning mechanism to guide the femoral neck central guide tube and position the femoral neck guide needle. The specific structure of the universal joint positioning mechanism is shown in fig. 3 and 14, and consists of a fixed ring sleeve 47, a movable ring sleeve 48 and an inner sphere 49. The inner surfaces of the fixed ring sleeve 47 and the movable ring sleeve 48 are spherical surfaces, the fixed ring sleeve 47 and the movable ring sleeve 48 are matched and sleeved on the outer side of the inner sphere 49 after being combined and fixed, a central positioning hole 50 is formed in the center of the inner sphere 49 and used for installing a femoral neck central guide tube, and an edge guide insertion hole 51 is formed in the periphery of the central positioning hole 50 and used for positioning a femoral neck guide needle. One side of the fixed ring sleeve 47 is connected with a cylindrical inserted bar, and the end of the inserted bar is provided with a thin neck section and a snap ring, and the inserted bar is sleeved with the main bar 24 or the slave bar 41 by using the thin neck section. Axle center slots are respectively arranged at the end parts of the main rod 24 and the auxiliary rod 41, and each axle center slot is respectively sleeved with a corresponding thin neck section. And the side wall of each axle center slot is radially provided with a screw hole and is provided with a positioning screw rod, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring, so that the positioning screw rod not only can lock the thin neck section, but also can be clamped in the clamping ring in the middle of the thin neck section, and the fixed ring sleeve 47 is prevented from being separated from the main rod 24 or the secondary rod 41.

Example 2: the second type of femoral neck fracture hollow nail turntable type positioning device, see fig. 15, comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse movement adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism and a rotation positioning mechanism.

The gimbal positioning mechanism employed in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and as shown in fig. 4 and 13, the gimbal positioning mechanism includes a fixed collar 47, a movable collar 48, and an inner sphere 49. The inner surfaces of the fixed ring sleeve 47 and the movable ring sleeve 48 are spherical surfaces, the fixed ring sleeve 47 and the movable ring sleeve 48 are matched and sleeved on the outer side of the inner sphere 49 after being combined and fixed, a central positioning hole 50 is formed in the center of the inner sphere 49 and used for installing a femoral neck central guide tube, and an edge guide insertion hole 51 is formed in the periphery of the central positioning hole 50 and used for positioning a femoral neck guide needle. One side of the fixed ring sleeve 47 is connected with an inserting rod, the tail end of the inserting rod is provided with a thin neck section and a clamping ring, and the clamping head is inserted into the clamping ring in the middle of the thin neck section when the thin neck section is locked or released by utilizing the positioning screw rod, so that the fixed ring sleeve 47 is prevented from being separated from the main rod 24 or the secondary rod 41.

The ends of the main rod 24 and the auxiliary rod 41 are respectively provided with an axle center slot, each axle center slot is respectively sleeved with a corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is provided with a screw hole along the radial direction, and a positioning screw rod is arranged on the side wall of each axle center slot, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring.

In this embodiment, the longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a main lever longitudinal adjustment mechanism and a slave lever longitudinal adjustment mechanism, wherein the main lever longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a fixed vertical sleeve 23, a gear 29 box 25 and a main lever 24, and the fixed vertical sleeve 23 and the gear 29 box 25 are fixed as a whole and fixed on a support. The main rod 24 is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve 23, one side of the sleeved part of the main rod 24 is provided with a rack 28, the rack 28 is meshed with a gear 29 arranged in a gear 29 box 25, one end of a rotating shaft 26 of the gear 29 extends out of the gear 29 box 25, and a knob or a dial jack is arranged. The secondary rod longitudinal displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, a sleeve I37 of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to a sleeve II 40, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I37 is sleeved on the main rod 24 and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II 40 is sleeved with a secondary rod 41 and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II 40 are also sleeved with an adjusting nut 42, and a threaded section is arranged at the tail end of the secondary rod 41 and is arranged in the adjusting nut 42. A clamping groove is formed in the inner side of the second sleeve 40, a positioning block is arranged on the inner side of the second sleeve, and a positioning groove is formed in the side face of the slave rod 41 and is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block.

In this embodiment, a composite seat is also connected to the lower side of the support, and the details are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail. On the basis of realizing the functions of the device, the rotation adjusting mechanism is simplified into a mode that the slave rod 41 moves around the master rod 24 through the conjuncted sleeve, so that the structure of the device is obviously simplified, the realization and implementation are facilitated, and the use cost is reduced.

Example 3: the third rotary disc type positioning device for the femur neck fracture hollow nail comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a rotation positioning mechanism.

The universal joint positioning mechanism in the embodiment 1 is replaced by a rotating positioning mechanism, so that an approximate adjusting function is realized, the rotating positioning mechanism in fig. 16 comprises a rotating body 61 and a fork-shaped bracket 63, wherein the center of the rotating body 61 is provided with a central guiding tube for installing a femoral neck, and the periphery of a central positioning hole 50 is provided with an edge guiding insertion hole 51 for positioning a femoral neck guiding needle.

The rotating shafts 62 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the rotating body 61, the fork-shaped brackets 63 and shaft holes are respectively arranged at the tail ends of the main rod 24 and the auxiliary rod 41, and the rotating shafts 62 on both sides of the rotating body 61 are matched and installed in the corresponding shaft holes.

In addition, the end of the fork-like support 63 at the end of the main lever 24 (or at the same time at the slave lever 41) is provided with a neck section and a snap ring. The end of the main rod 24 is provided with an axle center slot, the axle center slot is sleeved with the corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is provided with a screw hole along the radial direction and is provided with a positioning screw rod, the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring, and the clamping head is inserted into the clamping ring in the middle of the thin neck section while the positioning screw rod locks or releases the thin neck section, so that the fixed ring sleeve 47 is prevented from being separated from the main rod 24 or the slave rod 41.

The present embodiment still employs the longitudinal adjustment mechanism described in the embodiment. Namely, the longitudinal shift adjusting mechanism comprises a main rod longitudinal shift adjusting mechanism and a secondary rod longitudinal shift adjusting mechanism. The main rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed vertical sleeve 23, a gear 29 box 25 and a main rod 24, wherein the fixed vertical sleeve 23 and the gear 29 box 25 are fixed into a whole and fixed on a support. The main rod 24 is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve 23, one side of the sleeved part of the main rod 24 is provided with a rack 28, the rack 28 is meshed with a gear 29 arranged in a gear 29 box 25, one end of a rotating shaft 26 of the gear 29 extends out of the gear 29 box 25, and a knob or a dial jack is arranged. The secondary rod longitudinal displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, a sleeve I37 of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to a sleeve II 40, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I37 is sleeved on the main rod 24 and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II 40 is sleeved with a secondary rod 41 and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II 40 are also sleeved with an adjusting nut 42, and a threaded section is arranged at the tail end of the secondary rod 41 and is arranged in the adjusting nut 42. A clamping groove is formed in the inner side of the second sleeve 40, a positioning block is arranged on the inner side of the second sleeve, and a positioning groove is formed in the side face of the slave rod 41 and is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block.

It can be seen that the present embodiment, on the basis of realizing its function, simplifies the rotation adjusting mechanism to a manner of moving the slave lever 41 around the master lever 24 through the union sleeve, which is one of the simplest forms of the solution of the present invention, and can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost and the use cost. In this embodiment, a composite seat may be connected to the lower side of the support, where the composite seat is parallel to the base 1, and corresponding positions of the composite seat and the base are respectively provided with a screw hole for installing a connecting bolt, so that the composite seat and the base are connected together and have a fit clearance, one of the composite seat and the base is provided with a screw hole for installing a tightening bolt, and the tightening bolt is supported on an end surface without a screw hole for supporting and adjusting the clearance width of the composite seat and the base.

Example 4: the fourth rotary disc type positioning device for the femur neck fracture hollow nail comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a rotation positioning mechanism. In the present embodiment, while maintaining the basic content of the embodiment, a rotational positioning mechanism is employed instead of the gimbal positioning mechanism in embodiment 1.

The rotation adjusting mechanism comprises a base 1 and an adjusting turntable 2, wherein a boss 9 in positioning is arranged in the center of the upper part of the base 1, a center positioning hole 50 is formed in the center of the lower part of the adjusting turntable 2 and is matched and sleeved on the outer side of the boss 9 in positioning, so that the adjusting turntable 2 can rotate at the center of the upper side of the base 1. The inboard on base 1 upper portion is provided with annular slide 3, and annular slide 3's upper edge is provided with keeps off edge 4, is provided with two carousel perforation on the periphery of adjusting carousel 2 at least and is equipped with carousel lock silk 5 respectively in the cover, the lower extreme of carousel lock silk 5 is provided with smooth cap 6, smooth cap 6 match the cover in the annular slip and can follow the ring and slide, the part cover that carousel lock silk 5 is located carousel perforation upside is equipped with lock female 7. A screw hole is formed in the slider 12 in a penetrating manner, and a slider lock wire 21 is mounted, wherein an end of the slider lock wire 21 is supported on the end face of the adjustment turntable 2.

The sideslip adjustment mechanism includes fixed block 14 and slider 12, and fixed block 14 is located adjust carousel 2 upside middle part and be fixed as an organic wholely with adjusting carousel 2, fixed block 14 upside sets up forked tail slide 11, slider 12 downside middle part is provided with forked tail spout 13, forked tail spout 13 matches the suit with forked tail slide 11. Screw holes are formed in the fixing block 14 along the length direction, a transverse adjusting screw rod 16 and a transverse adjusting knob are mounted in the fixing block, a connecting piece 18 is fixed to the end portion of the sliding block 12 through a fixing bolt, a clamping head is arranged at the lower end of the connecting piece 18, and the clamping head is clamped in a clamping groove formed in the transverse adjusting screw rod.

The longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a main rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism and a secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism, wherein the main rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed vertical sleeve 23, a gear 29 box 25 and a main rod 24, and the fixed vertical sleeve 23 and the gear 29 box 25 are fixed into a whole and are arranged on one side of the sliding block 12 through a fixed seat 22. The main rod 24 is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve 23, one side of the sleeved part of the main rod 24 is provided with a rack 28, the rack 28 is meshed with a gear 29 arranged in a gear 29 box 25, one end of a rotating shaft 26 of the gear 29 extends out of the gear 29 box 25, and a knob or a dial jack is arranged. The secondary rod longitudinal displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, a sleeve I37 of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to a sleeve II 40, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I37 is sleeved on the main rod 24 and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II 40 is sleeved with a secondary rod 41 and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II 40 are also sleeved with an adjusting nut 42, and a threaded section is arranged at the tail end of the secondary rod 41 and is arranged in the adjusting nut 42. A clamping groove is formed in the inner side of the second sleeve 40, a positioning block is arranged on the inner side of the second sleeve, and a positioning groove is formed in the side face of the slave rod 41 and is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block.

As shown in fig. 16, the rotation positioning mechanism includes a rotating body 61, a central positioning hole 50 is provided at the center of the rotating body 61, edge guiding insertion holes 51 are provided at the periphery of the central positioning hole 50, rotating shafts 62 are symmetrically fixed at both sides of the rotating body 61, fork-shaped brackets 63 and shaft holes are respectively provided at the ends of the main rod 24 and the slave rod 41, and the rotating shafts 62 at both sides of the rotating body 61 are mounted in the corresponding shaft holes in a matching manner. A fork-shaped bracket 63 at the end of the main rod 24, the end of which is provided with a thin neck section and a snap ring; the tail end of the main rod 24 is provided with an axle center slot, the axle center slot is sleeved with a corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is provided with a screw hole along the radial direction, and a positioning screw rod is arranged on the side wall of each axle center slot, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring.

The lower side of the base 1 is connected with a composite seat, the composite seat is parallel to the base 1, corresponding positions of the composite seat and the base are respectively provided with screw holes for installing connecting bolts, so that the composite seat and the base are connected into a whole but have fit gaps, one of the composite seat and the base is provided with a screw hole for installing a jacking bolt, and the jacking bolt is supported on the end face without the screw hole and is used for supporting and adjusting the gap width of the composite seat and the base. A supporting frame or a fixing rod is fixed at the lower end of the base 1 or the composite seat for fixing with a bed body or an equipment bracket.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a thighbone neck bone fracture hollow nail carousel formula positioner, includes rotation adjustment mechanism, sideslip adjustment mechanism, indulges and moves adjustment mechanism and rotation positioning mechanism, characterized by:

The rotation adjusting mechanism comprises a base and an adjusting turntable, a positioning middle boss is arranged at the center of the upper part of the base, a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the lower part of the adjusting turntable and is matched and sleeved on the outer side of the positioning middle boss, so that the adjusting turntable can rotate at the center of the upper side of the base; the inner side of the upper part of the base is provided with an annular slideway, the upper edge of the annular slideway is provided with a blocking edge, the circumferential surface of the adjusting turntable is at least provided with two turntable perforations and is respectively sleeved with a turntable locking wire, the lower end of the turntable locking wire is provided with a sliding cap, the sliding cap is matched and sleeved in the annular sliding and can slide along the annular, and the part of the turntable locking wire, which is positioned at the upper side of the turntable perforation, is sleeved with a locking nut;

The transverse moving adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed block and a sliding block, the fixed block is positioned in the middle of the upper side of the adjusting turntable and is fixed with the adjusting turntable into a whole, a dovetail sliding bar is arranged on the upper side of the fixed block, a dovetail sliding groove is arranged in the middle of the lower side of the sliding block, and the dovetail sliding groove is matched and sleeved with the dovetail sliding bar; a screw hole is formed in the fixing block along the length direction, a transverse adjusting screw rod and a transverse adjusting knob are arranged in the fixing block, a connecting piece is fixed at the end part of the sliding block through a fixing bolt, a clamping head is arranged at the lower end of the connecting piece, and the clamping head is clamped in a clamping groove formed in the transverse adjusting screw rod; screw holes are formed in the sliding blocks in a penetrating mode, sliding block locking wires are arranged in the sliding blocks, and the end portions of the sliding block locking wires are supported on the end faces of the adjusting turntables;

The longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism comprises a main rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism and a secondary rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism, wherein the main rod longitudinal movement adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed vertical sleeve, a gear box and a main rod, and the fixed vertical sleeve and the gear box are fixed into a whole and are arranged on one side of the sliding block through a fixed seat; the main rod is sleeved in the fixed vertical sleeve, one side of the sleeving part of the main rod is provided with a rack, the rack is meshed with a gear arranged in the gear box, and one end of a rotating shaft of the gear extends out of the gear box to be provided with a knob or a poking jack; the secondary rod longitudinal shifting adjusting mechanism comprises a conjuncted sleeve, wherein the sleeve I of the conjuncted sleeve is parallel to the sleeve II, the two sleeves are connected into a whole through a fixed connecting rod, the sleeve I is sleeved on the main rod and provided with a locking wire, the sleeve II is sleeved with a secondary rod and provided with the locking wire, one end or two ends of the sleeve II are also sleeved with adjusting nuts, and the tail end of the secondary rod is provided with a threaded section and is arranged in the adjusting nuts;

The rotary positioning mechanism comprises a rotator, a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the rotator, edge guide insertion holes are formed in the periphery of the central positioning hole, rotating shafts are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the rotator, fork-shaped brackets and shaft holes are respectively arranged at the tail ends of the main rod and the auxiliary rod, and the rotating shafts on two sides of the rotator are installed in the corresponding shaft holes in a matching mode; the fork-shaped bracket is positioned at the tail end of the main rod, and the tail end of the fork-shaped bracket is provided with a thin neck section and a clamping ring; the tail end of the main rod is provided with an axle center slot, the axle center slot is sleeved with the corresponding thin neck section, the side wall of each axle center slot is provided with a screw hole along the radial direction, and a positioning screw rod is arranged on the side wall of each axle center slot, and the inner end of the positioning screw rod is positioned in the clamping ring.

2. The femoral neck fracture hollow nail carousel-type positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the base is fixed with a supporting frame or a fixed rod for being fixed with a bed body or an equipment bracket.

3. The femoral neck fracture hollow nail carousel-type positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the second sleeve is provided with a clamping groove and is provided with a positioning block, and meanwhile, the side surface of the secondary rod is provided with a positioning groove which is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning block.

4. The femoral neck fracture hollow nail carousel-type positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the lower side of fixing base is connected with compound seat, and compound seat is parallel with the base, and the corresponding position of two is used for installing connecting bolt respectively the screw, makes both even as an organic whole but has the fit clearance, and one of them is provided with the screw and is used for installing the jack-up bolt, and the jack-up bolt supports and is used for supporting and adjusting both clearance width on the terminal surface that does not have the screw.

5. The femoral neck fracture hollow nail carousel-type positioning device of claim 4, wherein: the lower end of the composite seat is fixed with a supporting frame or a fixed rod for being fixed with a bed body or an equipment bracket.