CN109203141B - Flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo and bamboo flattening equipment - Google Patents
Flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo and bamboo flattening equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109203141B CN109203141B CN201710535744.7A CN201710535744A CN109203141B CN 109203141 B CN109203141 B CN 109203141B CN 201710535744 A CN201710535744 A CN 201710535744A CN 109203141 B CN109203141 B CN 109203141B
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing, and discloses a flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo, which comprises n flattening rollers and n carrier rollers, wherein each flattening roller and each carrier roller are transversely arranged and are parallel to each other, the front m1 flattening rollers comprise a centrally arranged crack guiding cutter wheel, the rear n-m1 flattening rollers comprise two crack guiding cutter wheels, and a positioning nail wheel is arranged between the two crack guiding cutter wheels of the front m2 flattening rollers in the rear n-m1 flattening rollers; two positioning nail wheels are arranged between two crack guiding cutter wheels of the rear n-m1-m2 stretching rollers, and an elastic pinch roller is arranged between the two positioning nail wheels; the circumference of the positioning nail wheel is provided with positioning nails; the circumference of the crack guiding cutter wheel is provided with a cutting edge for cutting the pressed surface of the bamboo tube to form cracks, the direction of the cutting edge is inclined relative to the longitudinal vertical plane, and the inclination directions of the cutting edges of the crack guiding cutter wheels are the same. The positioning nail wheel can effectively prevent the lateral deviation of the bamboo chips in the conveying process. The elastic pinch roller can effectively prevent the flattened part of the bamboo chip from warping upwards and keep the bamboo chip flat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing, relates to a technology for integrally flattening arc-shaped bamboo chips, and particularly relates to equipment for flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips.
Background
The bamboo and wood has degradability, is more environment-friendly than plastic materials, and is popular again in recent years along with the enhancement of environmental protection and health consciousness. Compared with wood, the bamboo has the advantages of short growth period, hard texture and the like. However, the raw bamboo is in a cylindrical structure, so that the raw bamboo cannot be directly cut to obtain a plate, and when the bamboo product formed based on the flat plate is processed, the bamboo plate is obtained by splicing bamboo strips in the traditional method, and then the product is further processed. Recently, a new technology (hereinafter referred to as bamboo flattening technology) for flattening bamboo tubes into boards by means of flattening has been matured. Compared with the traditional mode of cutting into bamboo strips and splicing, the novel technology has higher utilization rate of bamboo, and the processed bamboo board is not spliced, so that the novel technology has good integrity, the finished product is not easy to crack, and the novel bamboo board is more environment-friendly without glue.
The bamboo flattening technology comprises the steps of firstly, slitting the cylinder wall of a segmented bamboo cylinder along the axial direction, then softening, naturally expanding the bamboo cylinder into arc-shaped bamboo chips along the slit due to water absorption and swelling of the inner wall in the soft process, and finally gradually flattening the softened arc-shaped bamboo chips through the mutual cooperation of a plurality of flattening rollers which are arranged in sequence from front to back and carrier rollers below the flattening rollers to obtain the bamboo board. When the bamboo chips are unfolded, the tabasheer surface faces the unfolding and pressing roller.
In the process of flattening the bamboo, the bamboo flesh on the inner side (close to the tabasheer side) of the bamboo tube can be stretched and expanded, when the stretching stress is uneven, the inner side of the bamboo tube, especially the bamboo spring part, is easy to generate cracks along the axial direction of the bamboo tube due to the partial stretching tension, and the bamboo tube is easy to further crack under the guiding effect of the axial cracks, so that the material is scrapped. In order to avoid cracking of the bamboo tube in the flattening process, a relatively effective treatment method is that parallel blades with certain intervals are arranged on the surface of the flattening roller, and the directions of the blades and the axial direction of the bamboo tube form a certain angle. In the flattening process, the cutting edge on the surface of the flattening roller cuts the inner side of the bamboo tube to form relatively uniform cracks which are not parallel to the axial direction of the bamboo tube, and the local tension formed in the stretching and expanding process of the inner side tabasheer and the bamboo flesh is evenly solved through the non-axial cracks, so that the axial cracks generated in the inner side of the bamboo tube are effectively avoided, and the axial cracks of the bamboo tube are further avoided.
The existing expanding roller has the following problems: 1. the edge forming a certain angle with the axial direction of the bamboo tube on the unfolding and pressing roller has no transverse positioning function on the processed bamboo tube, and the bamboo tube is easy to transversely shift in the process of being flattened by a plurality of unfolding and pressing rollers. On one hand, the actual pressure spreading position of each spreading roller after the deviation is changed relative to the designed pressure spreading position, so that the ideal pressure spreading stress process cannot be achieved. The flattening cracking probability of the bamboo tube is increased. On the other hand, the occurrence of the offset may cause uneven cracks formed by cutting inside the bamboo tube. The cracking probability of the bamboo tube is increased, and the mechanical property of the finished plate is also influenced (the deeper the crack is, the more the effect of preventing each crack of the shaft is achieved), and when the crack is very deep, the crack on the finished plate is generally not completely planed out in order to ensure the utilization rate of materials. 2. The bamboo chip flattening is a radian gradual change process, and the axial widths of a plurality of flattening rollers are sequentially increased from front to back. It is conceivable that crack density is not uniform but decreases from the middle to both sides on a bamboo board flattened by a plurality of flattening rollers in turn. The middle crack density is highest, the two side edge crack density is lowest, the middle crack density is n times of the edge crack density, and n is the number of the stretching rollers. Naturally, there is a significant difference in the mechanical properties of the middle and edges of the flattened bamboo panels thus obtained. 3. The angles of the cutting edges arranged on the surfaces of different spreading rollers are consistent, so that the internal stress along the directions of the cutting edges cannot be eliminated, and the rate of the finished products to be flattened is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an improved flattening wheel set suitable for bamboo flattening based on the current state of bamboo flattening technology, so as to solve the problem of transverse deviation of a bamboo tube and improve the quality and cost rate of a finished product. It is another object of the present invention to further provide a bamboo flattening apparatus.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention firstly provides a flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo, which comprises n flattening rollers and n carrier rollers, wherein the n flattening rollers are sequentially arranged from front to back, the n carrier rollers are arranged below the flattening rollers and are in one-to-one correspondence with the flattening rollers, the axes of the flattening rollers and the carrier rollers are transversely arranged and parallel to each other, the flattening rollers are transversely arranged in the middle (the projection of the flattening rollers on a horizontal plane is symmetrical along a central line), and the transverse width of the flattening rollers is sequentially increased from front to back; the device is characterized in that the front m1 unfolding and pressing rollers comprise a middle-arranged cracking cutter wheel, the n-m1 unfolding and pressing rollers behind the front m1 unfolding and pressing rollers comprise two cracking cutter wheels, the two cracking cutter wheels on one unfolding and pressing roller are symmetrically arranged at two axial ends of the unfolding and pressing roller, and a positioning nail wheel is arranged between the two cracking cutter wheels of the front m2 unfolding and pressing rollers in the rear n-m1 unfolding and pressing rollers; two positioning nail wheels are arranged between two crack guiding cutter wheels of the rear n-m1-m2 stretching rollers, and an elastic pinch roller is arranged between the two positioning nail wheels, wherein m1 and m2 are both more than or equal to 1, and n-m1-m2 are more than 1; the circumference of the positioning nail wheel is provided with positioning nails; the circumference of the crack guiding cutter wheel is provided with a cutting edge for cutting the pressed surface of the bamboo tube to form cracks, the direction of the cutting edge is inclined relative to the longitudinal vertical plane, and the inclination directions of the cutting edges of the crack guiding cutter wheels are the same.
The flattening wheel set is used for processing flattened bamboo boards, the bamboo yellow surface of the arc bamboo chips to be processed is sent into the flattening wheel set along the longitudinal direction along the length of the bamboo yellow surface, and when the bamboo yellow surface passes through each flattening wheel from the lower side in sequence, the arc bamboo chips are flattened gradually from the middle to the two sides. In the flattening process, the crack guiding cutter wheel cuts on the tabasheer surface of the bamboo chips to form non-longitudinal cracks. The positioning nails on the positioning nail wheel can effectively prevent the bamboo chips from shifting transversely in the conveying process. The elastic pinch roller can effectively prevent the flattened part of the bamboo chip from warping upwards, and keep the flattened part of the bamboo chip flat.
Further, the height of the locating nails of the locating nail wheel is smaller than the height of the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel.
Preferably, the circumferential surface and the outer side surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel are in smooth transition.
Preferably, the length of the processed arc-shaped bamboo chips is larger than the projection distance of the centers of two adjacent spreading rollers which are farthest from each other on the horizontal plane, and the growth direction of the bamboo is taken as the length direction of the arc-shaped bamboo chips.
Alternatively, m1=1, and the projections of the circumferential surfaces of the cutting edges of the respective crack guide cutter wheels on the transverse vertical section are not overlapped with each other, so as to avoid the formation of repeated cracks at the positions of the rear expansion press roll, on which the cracks have been pressed by the front expansion press roll, on the bamboo chips. Preferably, the widths of the circumferential surfaces of the cutting edges of all the crack guiding cutter wheels are equal.
Preferably, the inner spacing of the edge circumferential surfaces arranged on the two crack guiding cutter wheels of the second expanding and pressing roller is equal to the width of the edge circumferential surfaces arranged on the crack guiding cutter wheels of the first expanding and pressing roller; and in the two adjacent spreading rollers, the inner distance between the edge circumferential surfaces of the two guide and cracking cutter wheels of the rear spreading roller is equal to the outer distance between the edge circumferential surfaces of the two guide and cracking cutter wheels of the front spreading roller.
Alternatively, m1=1, and the overlapping widths of projections of the circumferential surfaces of the cutting edges of the guide cutter wheels of each two adjacent spreader rolls on the transverse vertical section are equal. Zhou Yang the circumferential widths of the cutting edges of all the guide cutter wheels are preferably equal.
As a further alternative, the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel on two adjacent spreader rolls with respect to the longitudinal vertical plane is different.
Further, m1=2, and n is an even number. The width of the circumferential surface of the edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of the second expanding and pressing roller is equal to twice the width of the circumferential surface of the edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of the first expanding and pressing roller. The width of the circumferential surface of the edge guide cutter wheel of any one of the expansion rollers is equal to the sum of the overlapping widths of the circumferential surfaces of the edge guide cutter wheels of the front and rear adjacent expansion rollers. The inclination angles of the cutting edges of the crack guide cutter wheels of the odd-numbered expansion rollers are the same, and the inclination angles of the cutting edges of the crack guide cutter wheels of the even-numbered expansion rollers are different from those of the crack guide cutter wheels of the even-numbered expansion rollers. The crack guiding cutter wheel is arranged in the mode, so that oblique prismatic cracks can be formed on the bamboo chips.
Preferably, the angle difference between the inclination angles of the cutting edges of the crack guiding cutter wheels of the odd-numbered and even-numbered spreader rolls is not more than 20 degrees.
Preferably, the widths of the circumferential surfaces of the edges of the crack guiding cutter wheels of the rest expansion press rollers are the same except the second expansion press roller and the last expansion press roller; the overlapping width of the edge circumferential surface of the edge guiding cutter wheel of any one of the expanding press rollers and the edge circumferential surface of the edge guiding cutter wheel of the adjacent expanding press roller is half of the width of the edge circumferential surface of the edge guiding cutter wheel except the first expanding press roller and the last expanding press roller. Further, the increment of the transverse width of the adjacent trailing spreader rolls relative to the preceding spreader rolls is equal to the overlapping width of the projections of the circumferential surfaces of the cutting edges of the two guide and splitting cutter wheels on the transverse vertical section.
As an improvement, the circumference of the positioning nail wheel is of a cylindrical surface structure, the circumference of the elastic pressing wheel is of a cylindrical surface structure, and the circumference of the crack guiding cutter wheel is of a convex arc structure (the generatrix of the circumferential surface is an arc section). In the front m1 unfolding and pressing rollers, the circumferential surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel is symmetrical along the transverse central section of the crack guiding cutter wheel, and the part of the front m1 carrier rollers corresponding to the crack guiding cutter wheel is of a concave arc structure. In the back n-m1 expansion and compression rollers, the radius of the crack guiding cutter wheel is gradually reduced from the inner side to the outer side, and on the same expansion and compression roller, the two crack guiding cutter wheels are symmetrical relative to the transverse central section, the radius of the inner side of the crack guiding cutter wheel is equal to the radius of the positioning nail wheel, and the inner side of the circumferential surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel is smoothly connected with the circumferential surface of the positioning nail wheel. The parts of the rear n-m1 carrier rollers corresponding to the spreading rollers are concave structures towards the axle center, in the concave structures towards the axle center, the parts of the two ends corresponding to the two crack guiding cutter wheels are concave arc structures, the parts between the concave arc structures at the two ends are middle cylindrical structures, the inner radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are minimum, the outer radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are gradually increased, the inner radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are equal to the radiuses of the middle cylindrical structures, and the middle cylindrical structures are smoothly connected with the concave arc structures at the two ends.
The improved scheme is characterized in that: when the crack guiding cutter wheel rolls the bamboo chips, the natural radian of the bamboo chips is kept as much as possible, the bamboo chips are not flattened, and only cracks are formed by cutting on the bamboo surfaces. The flattening work is completed by the positioning nail wheel on the rear flattening roller. Can effectively prevent the inner surface of the bamboo chip from axial cracking caused by the pressure of the cutting edge when the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel cuts the bamboo chip.
In the invention, the front-back direction in the horizontal plane is taken as the longitudinal direction, the vertical direction is taken as the transverse direction, the longitudinal horizontal midline close to the pressure spreading wheel set is taken as the inner side, and the longitudinal horizontal midline far from the pressure spreading wheel set is taken as the outer side.
Based on the flattening roller set, the invention further provides bamboo flattening equipment, which comprises a frame, wherein the frame is also provided with the flattening roller set and a power system for driving each flattening roller in the flattening roller set to rotate, a table top is arranged on the frame, the top of a carrier roller in the flattening roller set is higher than the table top, and the outer edge linear speed of each flattening roller is the same under the driving action of the power system.
In order to accommodate bamboo tubes of different thickness, the spreader rolls may alternatively be arranged to be movable in the vertical direction, with a downward force applied to the spreader rolls as a downward spreader pressure of the spreader rolls. Accordingly, the idlers are fixed in the vertical direction. In a natural state, the bottoms of the unfolding rollers are flush.
Specifically, alternatively, two ends of each carrier roller center roller are respectively assembled on the frame through bearings. A left support cylinder and a right support cylinder are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a corresponding display press roller, the left support cylinder and the right support cylinder are fixed relative to the frame, piston rods of the left support cylinder and the right support cylinder are downwards arranged, the lower end of a piston rod of the left support cylinder is fixedly connected with a left bearing seat, the lower end of a piston rod of the right support cylinder is fixedly connected with a right bearing seat, the left end of a central shaft of the display press roller is assembled in the left bearing seat through a bearing, and the right end of the central shaft of the display press roller is assembled in the right bearing seat through a bearing. The movable range of the piston rod of the supporting cylinder relative to the cylinder body is the movable range of the stretching roller in the vertical direction. The compressed gas in the cylinder body applies downward pressure to the spreader roll through the piston rod.
It will be appreciated that the movement of the spreader rolls in the vertical direction may also be achieved by a guide post and slide sleeve mechanism in combination with a spring means.
As another alternative, instead of the option of movably arranging the spreader roll in the vertical direction, the spreader roll is fixed in the vertical direction, and accordingly, the carrier roller is arranged to be movable in the vertical direction while applying an upward force to the carrier roller to maintain the spreader pressure of the carrier roller with respect to the spreader roll.
Further, a left support and a right support are arranged on the left side and the right side of each display press roller on the frame, a left support cylinder is arranged on the left support, a right support cylinder is arranged on the right support, piston rods of the left support cylinder and the right support cylinder are arranged downwards, the lower ends of the piston rods of the left support cylinder are fixedly connected with a left bearing seat, the lower ends of the piston rods of the right support cylinder are fixedly connected with a right bearing seat, the left end of a central shaft of the display press roller is assembled in the left bearing seat through the bearing seat, and the right end of the central shaft of the display press roller is assembled in the right bearing seat through the bearing seat. In a natural state, the bottoms of the unfolding rollers are flush.
Further, the support is an N-type support, the air cylinder is arranged on a top beam of the support, and a piston rod of the air cylinder penetrates through the top beam downwards.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bamboo flattening principle of a flattening wheel set according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a structural relationship between adjacent spreader rolls.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing another structural relationship between adjacent spreader rolls.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the crack of the bamboo chips flattened by the flattening roller shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a single-guide-crack knife flywheel spreader roll and a carrier roller.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a dual-guide-crack knife flywheel spreader roll and a carrier roller.
Detailed Description
The technical features of the flattening wheel set according to the invention are further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 shows in particular by way of example the arrangement of the spreader rolls of the flattening wheel set of the invention, the correspondence of the spreader rolls with the carrier rollers and the state of the bamboo chips passing through the spreader rolls in sequence,
the left first vertical row and the second row of patterns in the figure show 11 spreader rolls 1 arranged in a straight line from front (lower in the figure) to rear (upper in the figure) from a side view and an upper view, respectively, wherein the patterns are visible from the first vertical row: the bottoms of the expansion rollers with different diameters are flush, the radius of the front expansion rollers is larger, and the radius of the rear expansion rollers is smaller. Visible from the second vertical row: the axes of the stretching rollers are perpendicular to the arrangement direction and are mutually spaced and parallel; all the spreading rollers are transversely centered, and the transverse width of each spreading roller is sequentially increased from front to back. The first spreading roller at the front end is composed of only one crack guiding cutter wheel 101, the second spreading roller is composed of two crack guiding cutter wheels 101 and a positioning nail wheel 102, and the positioning nail wheel is clamped between the two crack guiding cutter wheels. The third to 11 th spreading rollers consist of two guiding and cracking cutter wheels 101, two positioning nail wheels 102 and an elastic pressing wheel 103, wherein the guiding and lining cutter wheels are arranged at the outermost side, the two positioning nail wheels are arranged at the middle, and the elastic pressing wheel is arranged at the middle. The circumferential surface of the positioning nail wheel is provided with positioning nails; the circumferential surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel is provided with a cutting edge (shown by oblique lines).
The bottom of the first vertical row on the right side of the figure shows the cross-sectional shape of a bamboo tube 201 (hereinafter called a seamed bamboo tube) with a through slit on the side wall along the axial direction, such as a ring with a notch. The second graph below the first vertical row on the right side is the cross section shape of an arc-shaped bamboo chip 202 formed by softening a seamed bamboo tube, and in the softening process, fiber cells on the inner side of the bamboo wall expand, and the bamboo tube naturally expands along the seam to form an arc-shaped bamboo chip larger than a semicircle. At this time, the arc-shaped bamboo chip opening is not very large, and the depth from the opening to the bottom is large.
Combining the left first vertical row and the second vertical row patterns can be known: the front several spreading rollers are round lamellar with large radius, the spreading rollers can enter from the smaller opening of the arc-shaped bamboo chips and touch the deeper bottom of the spreading rollers, the opening gradually increases and the depth gradually becomes shallower along with the gradual flattening of the bamboo chips, and the spreading rollers are not required to have larger radius. In order to reduce the space occupation in the longitudinal direction and to save the spreader roll material, the latter several spreader rolls select smaller radii.
It is conceivable that the spreader roll radii may be designed to decrease sequentially from front to back.
In the figure, the patterns of the first row and the second row on the right side respectively show the process that the arc-shaped bamboo chips are gradually flattened from the middle to the two sides from the end surface view and the upper view. In the figure, the carrier roller 3 and the spreading roller 1 are arranged one by one, the axle center of the carrier roller coincides with the vertical projection of the axle center of the spreading roller, and the bamboo chips 2 pass through the gap between the carrier roller 3 and the spreading roller 1. The bamboo chips 2 are flattened from the middle to the two sides one by one, and the cracks are formed by cutting from the middle to the two sides one by one. In the flattening roller, lead and split the cutting edge wheel and be responsible for flattening the bamboo chip, the location nail wheel is responsible for carrying out horizontal location to the bamboo chip, has the effect of flattening the flattened part simultaneously, and elasticity pinch roller is responsible for flattening the flattened part that the location nail wheel does not press, prevents that the bamboo chip from taking place to warp after flattening. Each crack guiding cutter wheel flattens a strip-shaped area along the length direction on the bamboo chips.
Fig. 2 illustrates an alternative lateral positional correspondence between the crack guide wheels of adjacent spreader rolls. This example shows that the cutting edges of all the guide and splitting cutter wheels are inclined in the forward direction, and the outer spacing D1o and D2o of the circumferential surfaces of the cutting edges of the guide and splitting cutter wheels on the front spreading roller are equal to the inner spacing D2i and D3i of the circumferential surfaces of the cutting edges of the rear guide and splitting cutter wheels in the two adjacent spreading rollers. Namely, the cutting areas of the cutting edges on the respective crack guiding cutter wheels on the bamboo chips are not overlapped with each other, but are transversely continuous with each other.
Fig. 3 illustrates another alternative lateral positional correspondence between the crack guide wheels of adjacent spreader rolls. This example shows that the widths of the circumferential surfaces of the blades of the guide cutter wheels are equal, and the longitudinal overlapping width of the circumferential surfaces of the blades of the guide cutter wheels on the two adjacent two spreader rollers is half of the width of the circumferential surfaces of the blades. The inclination angle of the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of the odd-numbered expansion rollers is positive 15 degrees, and the inclination angle of the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of the even-numbered expansion rollers is positive 25 degrees. The inclination angle of the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of two adjacent expansion rollers is 10 degrees. The surface cracks of the flattened bamboo chips based on the corresponding relation of the flattening rollers shown in the figure are in a beveled prism shape, as shown in fig. 4.
The spreading roller and the riding wheel shown in fig. 5 and 6 are improved structures, in the improved structures, the circumferences of the positioning nail wheel and the elastic pressing wheel of the spreading roller are still cylindrical structures, but the circumference of the crack guiding cutter wheel is not cylindrical structures any more, but is improved into a convex arc structure (the generatrix of the circumferential surface is an arc section). For the spreader roll which only comprises one crack guiding cutter wheel, the circumferential surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel is symmetrical along the transverse central section of the crack guiding cutter wheel, and a concave arc structure is formed at the position 301 corresponding to the crack guiding cutter wheel on the carrier roller which is matched with the spreader roll. For the pressure-spreading roller comprising two crack guiding cutter wheels, the circumferential surfaces of the two crack guiding cutter wheels are symmetrically inclined, the radius of each crack guiding cutter wheel is gradually reduced from inside to outside, the two crack guiding cutter wheels are symmetrical relative to the transverse central section, the radius of the inner side of each crack guiding cutter wheel is equal to the radius of each positioning nail wheel, and the inner side of the circumferential surface of each crack guiding cutter wheel is smoothly connected with the circumferential surface of each positioning nail wheel. The part of the carrier roller matched with the spreading roller comprising the two crack guiding cutter wheels, which corresponds to the spreading roller, is of a structure concave towards the axle center, in the structure concave towards the axle center, the parts 302 of the two ends, which respectively correspond to the two crack guiding cutter wheels, are of a concave arc structure, the parts 303 between the concave arc structures at the two ends are of cylindrical structures, the inner radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are minimum, the outer radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are gradually increased towards the outside, the inner radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are equal to the radius of the cylindrical structure in the middle, and the cylindrical structure in the middle is smoothly connected with the concave arc structures at the two ends.
The improved structure flattening principle is different from the principle shown in fig. 1, the crack guiding cutter wheel has no flattening effect, and is only used for forming cracks on a bamboo surface, and the flattening function is borne by the positioning nail wheel. The improved structure separates the cutting crack from flattening, and when the cutting crack occurs, the natural radian of the bamboo chips is kept as much as possible, and the bamboo chips are not flattened. Can effectively prevent the axial cracking of the bamboo chips caused by the spreading pressure of the edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel to the bamboo chips.
Claims (5)
1. A flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo comprises n flattening rollers and n carrier rollers, wherein the n flattening rollers are sequentially arranged from front to back, the n carrier rollers are arranged below the flattening rollers and are in one-to-one correspondence with the flattening rollers, the axes of the flattening rollers and the carrier rollers are transversely arranged and parallel to each other, the flattening rollers are transversely arranged in the middle, and the transverse width of each flattening roller is sequentially increased from front to back; the device is characterized in that the front m1 unfolding and pressing rollers comprise a middle-arranged cracking cutter wheel, the n-m1 unfolding and pressing rollers behind the front m1 unfolding and pressing rollers comprise two cracking cutter wheels, the two cracking cutter wheels on one unfolding and pressing roller are symmetrically arranged at two axial ends of the unfolding and pressing roller, and a positioning nail wheel is arranged between the two cracking cutter wheels of the front m2 unfolding and pressing rollers in the rear n-m1 unfolding and pressing rollers; two positioning nail wheels are arranged between two crack guiding cutter wheels of the rear n-m1-m2 stretching rollers, and an elastic pinch roller is arranged between the two positioning nail wheels, wherein m1 and m2 are both more than or equal to 1, and n-m1-m2 are more than 1; the circumference of the positioning nail wheel is provided with positioning nails; the circumference of the crack guiding cutter wheel is provided with a cutting edge for cutting a pressed surface of the bamboo tube to form cracks, the direction of the cutting edge is inclined relative to the longitudinal vertical plane, and the inclination directions of the cutting edges of the crack guiding cutter wheels are the same;
m1=2, n is an even number; the width of the circumferential surface of the edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of the second expanding and pressing roller is equal to twice the width of the circumferential surface of the edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel of the first expanding and pressing roller; the width of the circumferential surface of the edge guide cutter wheel of any one of the expansion rollers is equal to the sum of the overlapping widths of the circumferential surfaces of the edge guide cutter wheels of the front and rear adjacent expansion rollers except the first expansion roller and the last expansion roller; the inclination angles of the cutting edges of the crack guide cutter wheels of the odd-numbered expansion rollers are the same, and the inclination angles of the cutting edges of the crack guide cutter wheels of the even-numbered expansion rollers are different from the inclination angles of the cutting edges of the crack guide cutter wheels of the even-numbered expansion rollers;
the widths of the circumferential surfaces of the edges of the crack guiding cutter wheels of the rest expansion press rollers are the same except the second expansion press roller and the last expansion press roller; the overlapping width of the edge circumferential surface of the edge guiding cutter wheel of any one of the expanding press rollers and the edge circumferential surface of the edge guiding cutter wheel of the adjacent expanding press roller is half of the width of the edge circumferential surface of the edge guiding cutter wheel, and the increment of the transverse width of the adjacent expanding press roller relative to the preceding expanding press roller is equal to the overlapping width of the projections of the edge circumferential surfaces of the edge guiding cutter wheels on the transverse vertical section;
the height of the locating nails of the locating nail wheel is smaller than the height of the cutting edge of the crack guiding cutter wheel; the circumferential surface and the outer side surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel are in smooth transition; the length of the processed arc bamboo chips is larger than the projection distance of the centers of two adjacent spreading rollers which are farthest from each other on the horizontal plane.
2. The flattened wheel set of claim 1 wherein the edge bevel angle of the burst guide wheels of the odd and even spreader rolls differ by no more than 20 degrees.
3. The flattening wheel set according to claim 1, wherein the circumference of the positioning nail wheel is of a cylindrical surface structure, the circumference of the elastic pressing wheel is of a cylindrical surface structure, and the circumference of the crack guiding cutter wheel is of a convex arc structure; in the front m1 spreading rollers, the circumferential surface of the crack guiding cutter wheel is symmetrical along the transverse central section of the crack guiding cutter wheel, and the part of the front m1 carrier rollers corresponding to the crack guiding cutter wheel is of a concave arc structure;
in the back n-m1 unfolding rollers, the radius of the crack guiding cutter wheels is gradually reduced from the inner side to the outer side, the two crack guiding cutter wheels are symmetrical relative to the transverse central section on the same unfolding roller, the radius of the inner side of the crack guiding cutter wheels is equal to the radius of the positioning nail wheel, and the inner side of the circumferential surface of the crack guiding cutter wheels is smoothly connected with the circumferential surface of the positioning nail wheel; the parts of the rear n-m1 carrier rollers corresponding to the spreading rollers are concave structures towards the axle center, in the concave structures towards the axle center, the parts of the two ends corresponding to the two crack guiding cutter wheels are concave arc structures, the parts between the concave arc structures at the two ends are middle cylindrical structures, the inner radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are minimum, the outer radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are gradually increased, the inner radiuses of the concave arc structures at the two ends are equal to the radiuses of the middle cylindrical structures, and the middle cylindrical structures are smoothly connected with the concave arc structures at the two ends.
4. The bamboo flattening equipment comprises a frame, wherein a table top is arranged on the frame, the flattening wheel set and a power system for driving each flattening roller in the flattening wheel set to rotate are arranged on the frame, the top of a carrier roller in the flattening wheel set is higher than the table top, and the outer edge linear speed of each flattening roller is the same under the driving action of the power system.
5. The bamboo flattening device according to claim 4, wherein a left supporting cylinder and a right supporting cylinder are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of each flattening roller, the left supporting cylinder and the right supporting cylinder are fixed relative to the frame, piston rods of the left supporting cylinder and the right supporting cylinder are downward, the lower end of the piston rod of the left supporting cylinder is fixedly connected with a left bearing seat, the lower end of the piston rod of the right supporting cylinder is fixedly connected with a right bearing seat, the left end of a central shaft of each flattening roller is assembled in the left bearing seat through a bearing, and the right end of the central shaft of each flattening roller is assembled in the right bearing seat through a bearing; the movable range of the piston rod of the supporting cylinder relative to the cylinder body is the movable range of the stretching roller in the vertical direction; the compressed gas in the cylinder body applies downward pressure to the expanding and pressing roller through the piston rod; in a natural state, the bottoms of the unfolding rollers are flush.
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| CN201710535744.7A CN109203141B (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2017-07-04 | Flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo and bamboo flattening equipment |
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| CN201710535744.7A CN109203141B (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2017-07-04 | Flattening wheel set for flattening bamboo and bamboo flattening equipment |
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| CN109203141B true CN109203141B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109732721A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-10 | 南京林业大学 | A bamboo flattening, slicing and cutting integrated machine |
| CN112207920B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-12-21 | 阜南县永兴工艺品股份有限公司 | A wicker slicing equipment for processing wicker handicrafts |
| CN215790532U (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-02-11 | 南京林业大学 | A bamboo flattening and loosening device |
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| CN201483606U (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-05-26 | 杭州大庄地板有限公司 | Round bamboo flattening machine |
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| CN201483606U (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-05-26 | 杭州大庄地板有限公司 | Round bamboo flattening machine |
| CN202716349U (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-02-06 | 浙江德长竹木有限公司 | Original bamboo flattening machine |
| CN104942924A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-09-30 | 龙泉市大展竹科技有限责任公司 | Bamboo spreading machine |
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