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CN109181821A - A kind of multi-purpose grease and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of multi-purpose grease and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109181821A
CN109181821A CN201810947536.2A CN201810947536A CN109181821A CN 109181821 A CN109181821 A CN 109181821A CN 201810947536 A CN201810947536 A CN 201810947536A CN 109181821 A CN109181821 A CN 109181821A
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China
Prior art keywords
acid
base oil
weight
add
lioh
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Pending
Application number
CN201810947536.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜玉娇
彭辉
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Beijing Sai Zhi Technology Co Ltd
Dongguan University of Technology
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Beijing Sai Zhi Technology Co Ltd
Dongguan University of Technology
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Priority to CN201810947536.2A priority Critical patent/CN109181821A/en
Publication of CN109181821A publication Critical patent/CN109181821A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
    • C10M2207/1276—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic used as thickening agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multi-purpose grease and preparation method thereof.The lubricating grease includes being mixed to form compounding base oil by weight 40:60 by PAO4 and PAO6 base oil, using 12- hydroxy stearic acid, azelaic acid and boric acid as Compound-acid and LiOHH2O is saponified the complex lithium thickening agent to be formed and antioxidant and extreme pressure anti-wear additives.Lubricating grease of the invention the high-temperature bearing service life, it is anti-get rid of rouge ability, extreme pressure and antiwear behavior, shear stability in terms of performance more preferably and other performances also comply with relevant criterion requirement, various engine lubrication fields can be more broadly used for.

Description

A kind of multi-purpose grease and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lubricating grease fields, more specifically, are related to a kind of multipurpose profit of boracic acid type thickening agent Consistent lubricant and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Lubricating grease is for guaranteeing that machine operation reliability and maintainability have important role.Especially engine is with lubricating grease master It is used for the bearings of the components such as various engine motors, instrument, engine accessory power rating wheel, gear, chain and operating mechanism node It lubricates and protects, many using the working position of grease lubrication on vehicle or aircraft, operating condition is again different, thus lubricating grease Brand and model it is more.Raising with people to engine calls, such as service life, power etc., to the use temperature of consistent lubricant The needs of range, load-carrying ability, medium-resistance, protective capacities etc. constantly propose new demand, it is therefore desirable to develop new profit Consistent lubricant is to adapt to the needs developed.
Currently, developed lubricating grease mainly has compound lithium gease (such as CN96120874), polyurea grease (such as CN101440329, CN1465680), bentonite grease (such as US4,711,732), high basicity composite mahogany grease of calcium sulfonic acid (such as US5,015,401) etc..
However, the mechanical stability of polyurea grease is poor, exists when for wheel bearing and get rid of rouge distinct issues.Swelling Long time running can be thinning within the bearing for native lubricating grease, and its wear resistence and resistance to marring be not high, and compatibility is poor.Compound sulphur The cryogenic property of sour calcium-base grease is poor, especially low temperature torque, even if using the lower PAO4 base oil of viscosity, it is low Warm torque performance is not able to satisfy the index request of multi-purpose grease still.And complex lithium thickening agent has good high and low temperature Energy, oxidation stability, colloid stability, shear stability and compatibility, at present multiduty general-purpose grease product in the world It is all made of complex lithium thickening agent, although there are still certain for China uses at present such as No. 931 lubricating grease and No. 936 lubricating grease The problem of performance indicator can satisfy requirement, but other performance index cannot meet the requirements, application range is still not enough extensively.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of multi-purpose grease, including base oil, base oil is The compounding base oil of PAO4 and PAO6 base oil, the weight ratio of PAO4 and PAO6 base oil are 40:60.
Multi-purpose grease further includes complex lithium thickening agent, includes boric acid in complex lithium thickening agent, further includes that 12- hydroxyl is hard Resin acid, azelaic acid and LiOHH2O, wherein boric acid is 16 parts by weight in the complex lithium thickening agent of every 100 parts by weight； LiOHH2O is 15-40 parts by weight, remaining is 12- hydroxy stearic acid and azelaic acid, wherein 12- hydroxy stearic acid and azelaic acid Weight ratio be 0.6:1-0.9:1.
Further, based on the complex lithium thickening agent of 100 parts by weight, the additional amount of LiOHH2O is 26-36 parts by weight； The weight ratio of the 12- hydroxy stearic acid and azelaic acid is 0.6:1-0.7:1.Further, the complex lithium based on 100 parts by weight Thickening agent, the additional amount of LiOHH2O are 31 parts by weight.
The lubricating grease further includes antioxidant and extreme pressure anti-wear additives, wherein the lubricating grease based on 100 parts by weight:
Compounding base oil content is 60% to 70%；
Being thickened agent content is 5% to 12%；
Antioxidant content is 10% to 15%；
Extreme-pressure anti-wear agent content is 5% to 15%；
The sum of each component total amount is 100%.
It is highly preferred that the lubricating grease based on 100 parts by weight:
Compounding base oil content is 64.8%；
Being thickened agent content is 11.8%；
Antioxidant content is 14.3%；
Extreme-pressure anti-wear agent content is 9.1%.
Antioxidant is di-iso-octyldiphenylamine and its derivative.
It is thiadiazoles and its derivative, molybdenum disulfide, sulphur phosphide or its two kinds of any weight ratio that extreme pressure anti-wear additives, which are selected from, Combination.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of multi-purpose grease, should Method the following steps are included:
PAO4 and PAO6 base oil is mixed in proportion under room temperature, forms compounding base oil；
It is saponified to obtain complex lithium thickening agent by Compound-acid and LiOHH2O of 12- hydroxy stearic acid, azelaic acid and boric acid.
About 100 DEG C of water of boric acid is dissolved, forming 90 DEG C of boric acid saturated aqueous solutions, (boric acid solubility is about at 90 DEG C 31.3g/100g water), in addition LiOHH2O is added with stirring in about 100 DEG C of water, forms LiOHH2O suspension, wherein The weight ratio of LiOHH2O and water is about 1:1~1:3 in the LiOHH2O suspension；
The compounding base oil of 2/3 amount is added into reaction kettle, is warming up to about 85 to 120 DEG C, preferably 95 to 110 DEG C, most Preferably 105 DEG C, after azelaic acid and 12- hydroxy stearate acid dissolution is added, 90 DEG C of boric acid saturated aqueous solutions is added, are sufficiently stirred, It keeps temperature to 90~95 DEG C, is slowly added to LiOHH2O suspension, adds within 10~30 minutes, be then warming up to 104 DEG C, protect 1 to 3 hour, preferably 2 hours are held, 170 to 195 DEG C, preferably 180 to 190 DEG C are to slowly warm up to, keeps the temperature 1 to 2 hour, preferably 1.5 Hour, the base oil of remaining about 1/3 amount is then added, is further continued for stir about 1 hour, then cools to room temperature；It is stirred at room temperature Lower addition antioxidant and extreme pressure anti-wear additives, obtain final product.
Beneficial effect
Lubricating grease new material of the invention is with domestic at present such as No. 931 lubricating grease and No. 936 lubricating grease and external use The lubricating grease of the micro- glue of bentonite compares, and in the high-temperature bearing service life, resists and gets rid of rouge ability, extreme pressure and antiwear behavior, shear stability Energy etc. performance is more preferably and other performances also comply with relevant criterion requirement, can be more broadly used for various engine lubrications Field.
Specific embodiment
All raw materials used in the present invention may each be commercially available product.
Embodiment 1
By PAO4 and PAO6 base oil by weight it is that 40:60 is mixed under room temperature, forms compounding base oil；When two When person's ratio is less than the value, then the low temperature torque performance of lubricating grease is difficult to reach requirement；And when the two ratio is greater than the value, then The evaporation loss of lubricating grease is difficult to receive.
90 DEG C of water of boric acid is dissolved, formation boric acid saturated aqueous solution is spare, and (boric acid solubility is about at 90 DEG C 31.3g/100g water), in addition by LiOHH2O is added with stirring in about 100 DEG C of water, forms LiOHH2O suspension is spare, The wherein LiOHH2LiOHH in O suspension2The weight ratio of O and water is 1:1.
The compounding base oil 43.2kg that mixes is added into the reaction kettle of 150L, and (the compounding base oil to be about added is total The 2/3 of amount), be warming up to 105 DEG C, be then added 12- hydroxy stearic acid 4.14kg and azelaic acid 6.9kg (12- hydroxy stearic acid with The weight ratio of azelaic acid is about 0.6:1), 90 DEG C of boric acid saturated aqueous solution 8.78kg is added after stirring and dissolving and (wherein dissolves The boric acid of about 1.88kg), it keeps temperature of reaction system to 90~95 DEG C after being thoroughly mixed uniformly, is then slowly added into LiOH·H2O suspension 7.84kg, adds for 25 minutes, is then warming up to 104 DEG C, is kept for 2 hours, is to slowly warm up to 180 to 190 DEG C, 1.5 hours are kept the temperature, the base oil 21.6kg of remaining about 1/3 amount is then added at a temperature of this, is further continued for stir about 1 hour, It then cools to room temperature；
Antioxidant di-iso-octyldiphenylamine 14.3g and extreme pressure anti-wear additives curing are added into the product obtained produced above Molybdenum 9.1kg obtains final grease product in stir about 1 hour, wherein the grease product based on 100 parts by weight, base oil Content is 64.8%, and thickening agent content is 11.8%, and antioxidant content is 14.3% and extreme-pressure anti-wear agent content is 9.1%.
Embodiment 2
In addition to the grease product based on 100 parts by weight, base oil content 70%, thickening agent content is 5%, antioxidant Other than the ratio that content is 15% and extreme-pressure anti-wear agent content is 10% is adjusted, other with operated in embodiment 1 it is identical.
Embodiment 3
In addition to the grease product based on 100 parts by weight, base oil content 60%, thickening agent content is 12%, antioxygen Other than the ratio that agent content is 13% and extreme-pressure anti-wear agent content is 15% is adjusted, other operate phase with embodiment 1 Together.
Embodiment 4
In addition to the grease product based on 100 parts by weight, base oil content 67%, thickening agent content is 8%, antioxidant Other than the ratio that content is 11% and extreme-pressure anti-wear agent content is 14% is adjusted, other with operated in embodiment 1 it is identical.
Comparative example 1
Other than being added without boric acid, other according in embodiment 1 step and material ratio prepare grease product.
The performance test results analysis
(1) resist and get rid of rouge ability performance test
The anti-rouge ability of getting rid of of lubricating grease is one of important indicator of its quality level, using the test of ASTM D3527 method Machine) test is compared to the anti-rouge ability of getting rid of of the lubricating grease prepared in embodiment 1 to 4 and comparative example 1, test result is shown in Table 1 It is shown.
Table 1: Lubricating Greases get rid of rouge ability and compare
By table 1, it can be seen that, lubricating grease new material (embodiment 1-4) test front and back bearings temperature rise of the invention less adds The comparative example 1 for entering boric acid is low, and guarantor's rouge ability of lubricating grease new material (embodiment 1-4) of the invention also significantly improves.
High in addition to requiring high temperature performance, lubricating grease also needs to have enough adhesivenesses to improve lubricating grease bearing guarantor Rouge amount, it is therefore necessary to additive appropriate be added, lubricating grease is modified, improve its high and low temperature performance and adhesion property Deng.
In general, the reason of getting rid of rouge mainly has two aspects, first is that lubricating grease is in bearing use process since machinery is made With, cause grease consistency to reduce, i.e. the mechanical stability of lubricating grease is not high enough, second is that consistency of grease is insufficient, adhesiveness Not enough.Solution in the prior art: first is that improve the mechanical stability of lubricating grease by the adjustment to grease thickener, Second is that adding tackifier appropriate.The present invention can efficiently solve by the way that boric acid is added into thickening agent and get rid of rouge problem, simultaneously Guarantee the high temperature performance and other performances of lubricating grease.For only with 12- hydroxy stearic acid and binary acid (azelaic acid or the last of the ten Heavenly stems two Acid) two kinds of acid be Compound-acid preparation thickening agent, test result shows that the lubricating grease shear stability synthesized by it is not high.
(2) high-temperature bearing performance test
The service life of lubricating grease directly influences the m of e phase, mends rouge period and economic benefit etc.. The test of lubricating grease high-temperature bearing performance is exactly an effective means for predicting lubricating grease service life.General engine lubrication rouge is wanted Asking can be under 177 DEG C of high-temperature condition, and bearing service life reaches 400 hours or more, tries according to described in ASTM D 3336 Proved recipe method carries out bearing performance to the lubricating grease prepared in the lubricating grease and comparative example 1 of embodiment 1 to 4 prepared in accordance with the present invention Test, is as a result listed in the table below in 2.
Table 2: bearing performance test result
It can be seen that the high-temperature bearing performance of lubricating grease (embodiment 1-4) prepared in accordance with the present invention is good by the data of table 2 It is good.
(3) lubricating grease compatibility test
The compatibility test of lubricating grease prepared in accordance with the present invention and similar lubricating grease is according to GB/T269-1991, SH/T The test method that 0324-1992 and GB/T 3498-1983 is recorded measures, and specific test method is to mix two kinds of lubricating grease After conjunction, awl penetration test is carried out after standing 7 days under the conditions of 18~29.5 DEG C, relative humidity are 50%, criterion is mixing Lubricating grease afterwards does not form jelly, greasy or solid insoluble matter, and cone penetration is in above-mentioned measurement standard prescribed limit.Table 3 It is the lubricating grease of the preparation of embodiment according to the present invention 1 with No. 931 and No. 932 lubricating grease compatibility test results with 4.
Table 3:
Table 4:
It can be seen that lubricating grease according to the present invention has good compatibility with No. 931, No. 932 lubricating grease, with external Same type lubricating grease also has good compatibility.

Claims (10)

1.一种多用途润滑脂，包括基础油，其特征在于所述基础油为PAO4和PAO6号基础油的复配基础油，所述PAO4和PAO6号基础油的重量比为40:60。1. a multipurpose lubricating grease, comprising base oil, it is characterized in that described base oil is PAO4 and the composite base oil of No. PAO6 base oil, and the weight ratio of described PAO4 and No. PAO6 base oil is 40:60. 2.根据权利要求1所述的多用途润滑脂，其特征在于所述润滑脂还包括复合锂稠化剂，所述复合锂稠化剂中包括硼酸。2 . The multipurpose grease according to claim 1 , wherein the grease further comprises a lithium complex thickener, and the lithium complex thickener includes boric acid. 3 . 3.根据权利要求2所述的多用途润滑脂，其特征在于所述复合锂稠化剂还包括12-羟基硬脂酸、壬二酸和LiOH·H2O，其中每100重量份的所述复合锂稠化剂中，硼酸为16重量份；LiOH·H2O为15-40重量份，其余为12-羟基硬脂酸和壬二酸。3. The multipurpose grease according to claim 2, wherein the lithium complex thickener further comprises 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid and LiOH·H2O, wherein every 100 parts by weight of the complex lithium In the lithium thickener, boric acid is 16 parts by weight; LiOH·H2O is 15-40 parts by weight, and the rest are 12-hydroxystearic acid and azelaic acid. 4.根据权利要求3所述的多用途润滑脂，其特征在于，其中12-羟基硬脂酸和壬二酸的重量比为0.6:1-0.9:1；和/或基于100重量份的复合锂稠化剂，LiOH·H2O的加入量为26-36重量份；所述12-羟基硬脂酸和壬二酸的重量比优选为0.6:1-0.7:1；和/或基于100重量份的复合锂稠化剂，LiOH·H2O的加入量优选为31重量份。4. The multipurpose grease according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of 12-hydroxystearic acid and azelaic acid is 0.6:1-0.9:1; and/or based on 100 parts by weight of the compound Lithium thickener, LiOH·H2O is added in an amount of 26-36 parts by weight; the weight ratio of the 12-hydroxystearic acid and azelaic acid is preferably 0.6:1-0.7:1; and/or based on 100 parts by weight The amount of LiOH·H2O added is preferably 31 parts by weight. 5.根据权利要求3所述的多用途润滑脂，其特征在于所述润滑脂还包括抗氧剂和极压抗磨剂，其中，所述基础油重量百分数为60％至70％、稠化剂重量百分数为5％至12％、抗氧剂重量百分数为10％至15％、极压抗磨剂重量百分数为5％至15％，各组分总量之和为100％；所述基础油重量百分数优选为64.8％、稠化剂重量百分数优选为11.8％、抗氧剂重量百分数优选为14.3％、极压抗磨剂重量百分数优选为9.1％。5. The multipurpose grease according to claim 3, characterized in that the grease further comprises an antioxidant and an extreme pressure antiwear agent, wherein the base oil is 60% to 70% by weight, thickened The weight percentage of the agent is 5% to 12%, the weight percentage of the antioxidant is 10% to 15%, the weight percentage of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is 5% to 15%, and the total amount of each component is 100%; the basis The weight percentage of oil is preferably 64.8%, the weight percentage of thickener is preferably 11.8%, the weight percentage of antioxidant is preferably 14.3%, and the weight percentage of extreme pressure antiwear agent is preferably 9.1%. 6.根据权利要求5所述的多用途润滑脂，其特征在于所述抗氧剂为二异辛基二苯胺及其衍生物；和/或所述极压抗磨剂选自噻二唑及其衍生物、二硫化钼、硫磷酯或其两种任意重量比例的组合。6. The multipurpose grease according to claim 5, wherein the antioxidant is diisooctyl diphenylamine and derivatives thereof; and/or the extreme pressure antiwear agent is selected from thiadiazole and Its derivatives, molybdenum disulfide, phosphorothioate or any combination of the two in any weight ratio. 7.一种权利要求1-6之一所述的多用途润滑脂的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：7. the preparation method of the described multipurpose grease of one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: 常温下将PAO4和PAO6号基础油按比例混合，形成复配基础油。The PAO4 and PAO6 base oils are mixed in proportion at room temperature to form a compound base oil. 8.根据权利要求7所述的多用途润滑脂的制备方法，其特征在于所述方法还包括如下步骤：以12-羟基硬脂酸、壬二酸和硼酸为复合酸与LiOH·H2O皂化得到复合锂稠化剂。8. the preparation method of multipurpose grease according to claim 7 is characterized in that described method also comprises the steps: take 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid and boric acid as compound acid and LiOH·H O saponification to obtain Lithium complex thickener. 9.根据权利要求8所述的多用途润滑脂的制备方法，其特征在于还包括如下步骤：9. the preparation method of multipurpose grease according to claim 8 is characterized in that also comprising the steps: 将硼酸用约100℃的水溶解，形成90℃硼酸饱和水溶液；将LiOH·H2O搅拌下加入约100℃的水中，形成LiOH·H2O悬浊液；Dissolve boric acid in water at about 100°C to form a saturated aqueous solution of boric acid at 90°C; add LiOH·H2O to water at about 100°C with stirring to form a LiOH·H2O suspension; 向反应釜中加入2/3量的所述复配基础油，升温至85-120℃，加入壬二酸和12-羟基硬脂酸溶解后，加入90℃硼酸饱和水溶液，充分搅拌，保持温度到90-95℃，缓慢加入LiOH·H2O悬浊液，10～30分钟加完，然后升温到104℃，保持1至3小时，缓慢升温至170-195℃，保温1至2小时，然后加入剩余的1/3量的复配基础油，再继续搅拌1小时，然后冷却至室温；室温搅拌下加入抗氧剂和极压抗磨剂，得到最终的产品。Add 2/3 amount of the compound base oil to the reaction kettle, heat up to 85-120 ° C, add azelaic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid to dissolve, add 90 ° C saturated aqueous solution of boric acid, stir well, keep the temperature to 90-95°C, slowly add LiOH·H2O suspension, finish adding in 10-30 minutes, then heat up to 104°C, hold for 1-3 hours, slowly heat up to 170-195°C, hold for 1-2 hours, then add The remaining 1/3 of the compounded base oil is continued to be stirred for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature; antioxidants and extreme pressure antiwear agents are added under stirring at room temperature to obtain the final product. 10.根据权利要求9所述的多用途润滑脂的制备方法，其特征在于所述LiOH·H2O悬浊液中LiOH·H2O与水的重量比为1:1-1:3；向反应釜中加入2/3量的基础油，升温至95-110℃或者105℃，加入壬二酸和12-羟基硬脂酸溶解后，加入90℃硼酸饱和水溶液，充分搅拌，保持温度到90-95℃，缓慢加入LiOH·H2O悬浊液，10-30分钟加完，然后升温到104℃，保持2小时，缓慢升温至180-190℃，保温1-2小时或1.5小时，然后加入剩余的1/3量的基础油，再继续搅拌1小时，然后冷却至室温。10. The preparation method of multipurpose grease according to claim 9, is characterized in that in the described LiOH H2O suspension, the weight ratio of LiOH H2O to water is 1:1-1:3; Add 2/3 of the base oil, heat up to 95-110°C or 105°C, add azelaic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid to dissolve, add 90°C saturated aqueous solution of boric acid, stir well, keep the temperature at 90-95°C , slowly add LiOH·H2O suspension, add in 10-30 minutes, then heat up to 104 ° C, hold for 2 hours, slowly heat up to 180-190 ° C, hold for 1-2 hours or 1.5 hours, then add the remaining 1/ 3 quantities of base oil, continue stirring for 1 hour, then cool to room temperature.
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