CN109176945A - Wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109176945A CN109176945A CN201810877397.0A CN201810877397A CN109176945A CN 109176945 A CN109176945 A CN 109176945A CN 201810877397 A CN201810877397 A CN 201810877397A CN 109176945 A CN109176945 A CN 109176945A
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- plant fiber
- preparation
- plastic composite
- wood plastic
- particle
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- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 43
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 39
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 27
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002481 ethanol extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011174 green composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001912 maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/002—Methods
- B29B7/005—Methods for mixing in batches
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/36—Explosive disintegration by sudden pressure reduction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof, the preparation method is the following steps are included: carry out steam blasting pretreatment using continuous type steam blasting gear for plant fiber；It is granulated to obtain plant fiber particle to by pretreated plant fiber using Granulation Equipments；The addition eccentric rotor volume fluctuation deformation plasticizing of the plant fiber particle, plastic grain and auxiliary agent is transported in equipment and is kneaded, the weight ratio of the plant fiber particle, the plastic grain and the auxiliary agent is (10~80): (20~90): (0~10).The preparation method can improve the compatibility between plant fiber and plastics, and be effectively retained the biggish draw ratio of plant fiber, be conducive to improve the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength and the impact strength of composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wood plastic composite production technical fields, more particularly to a kind of wood plastic composite and its preparation
Method.
Background technique
Wood plastic composite is to mix the plastics such as the plant fibers such as wood powder, straw powder and polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride
It closes, adds auxiliary agent appropriate, the moulded products through extrusion, injection molding, molding production can replace timber and modeling to a certain extent
The novel green composite material of material.Wood plastic composite has that cost is relatively low, formaldehydeless release, processing performance is good for plasticizing, product
The advantages that form wide variety, intensity are high, modulus is big, anti-corrosion wear.In recent years, wood plastic product is in logistics transportation and outdoor scape
It is quite wide to see use in terms of building, such as logistics tray, park lakeside floor and railing, gallery pavilion pavilion, bench tables and chairs.With surface
The development of decoration technique, wood plastic product are also applied in interior decoration, such as Wood-plastic floor, wood-plastic door sheet, wood moulding cabinet body and wood
Mould skirting etc..
Gramineae stalk is compared with timber, except same there are three big components (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin) to exist
In space outside the complicated design feature tangled, also have that fibre morphology is poor, heteroproteose cell is more, epicutile wax layer and silica-based object
The big feature of matter content.These features cause stalk resource wood-based plate gluing, pulping and paper-making, biomass refining, biogas fermentation,
There are problems for the application in the fields such as wood plastic composite.For example, when production stalk wood plastic composite, stalk pine
Density is small, is easily layered with when plastic milling；Stalk fibre poor morphology, Fiber Aspect Ratio is smaller after working process；Stalk table
Skin wax coat and a large amount of silica species can reduce the compatibility of itself and plastics, these factors to composite products at
Point uniformity, stability and mechanical strength adversely affect.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of homogeneity of ingredients that can be improved composite products, stability and power
Learn the wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof of intensity.
A kind of preparation method of wood plastic composite, comprising the following steps:
Pretreatment: plant fiber is subjected to steam blasting pretreatment using continuous type steam blasting gear；
It is granulated: being granulated to obtain plant fiber particle to by pretreated plant fiber；
Be kneaded: it is defeated that eccentric rotor volume fluctuation deformation plasticizing is added in the plant fiber particle, plastic grain and auxiliary agent
It is kneaded in fortune equipment, the weight ratio of the plant fiber particle, the plastic grain and the auxiliary agent is (10~80):
(20~90): (0~10).
The continuous type steam blasting gear includes machine barrel, mouth mold, ring moulds, screw rod and drive in one of the embodiments,
Motivation structure；The machine barrel is equipped with conveying compression inner cavity and the machine barrel feed inlet being connected to conveying compression inner cavity and machine barrel goes out
Material mouth, the mouth mold be equipped with squeeze out channel and and with extrusion channel the mouth mold feed inlet and mouth mold discharge port that are connected to, institute
State that the discharge end of the machine barrel is arranged in mouth mold and the mouth mold feed inlet is connected to the machine barrel discharge port, the ring moulds have
Ring moulds die hole, the discharge end of the mouth mold is arranged in for the ring moulds and the ring moulds die hole is connected to the mouth mold discharge port, institute
Screw rod is stated with spiral shell rib, the screw rod compresses in inner cavity, the extrusion channel and the ring moulds die hole through the conveying, institute
Ring moulds are stated around the hole wall of the ring moulds die hole equipped with the dentalation toward the screw rod, the driving mechanism and the spiral shell
Bar connection is to drive the screw rod to rotate.
In one of the embodiments, the dentalation be multi-head spiral tooth, the extending direction of the dentalation with
The axial angle of the ring moulds die hole is 20 °~35 °.
In one of the embodiments, in the pre-treatment step, the moisture content of the plant fiber is 30%~
60%.
It is 3mm~5mm that the plant fiber particle, which is diameter, in one of the embodiments, and length is 3mm~5mm's
Cylindrical pellet.
The density of the plant fiber particle and the ratio of the density of the plastic grain are in one of the embodiments,
0.8~1.5.
In one of the embodiments, the granulation the step of in, using Flat die granulating machine, ring moulds granulator, punching press
Formula granulator or screw extrusion type granulator are granulated plant fiber.
The plant fiber is selected from least one of woody debris, stalk in one of the embodiments,.
In one of the embodiments, the plastic grain in polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride at least one
Kind.
The preparation method of a kind of wood plastic composite, the wood plastic composite as described in any of the above-described embodiment is prepared into
It arrives.
Compared with existing scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
The preparation method of above-mentioned wood plastic composite is first located plant fiber using continuous type steam blasting gear in advance
Reason, the wax coat and silica species of partial removal plant fibre surface improve compatible between plant fiber and plastics
Property, at the same make plant fiber have biggish draw ratio, play long stapled reinforcing effect, rather than just as reduce at
This packing material.Then, pretreated plant fiber is granulated, is allowed to close with the form of plastic grain, avoids
Occur lamination in mixing process, the mixing uniformity in mixing process can be improved, thus further increase composite material at
Divide uniformity.The deformation of eccentric rotor volume fluctuation is added after plant fiber particle is mixed by formula with plastic grain and auxiliary agent again
Plasticizing transports in equipment, stretches the field of force by volume and is kneaded to material, substitutes the screw extruder used in traditional handicraft,
The probability that plant fiber is degraded by shearing force and shearing thermal destruction can be reduced, the biggish draw ratio of plant fiber has been effectively retained,
Be conducive to improve the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength and the impact strength of composite material.
The wood plastic composite that the method for the present invention is prepared, material component is uniform, stable product quality, and has excellent
Different mechanical property, tensile strength is up to 20.3MPa~29.0MPa, and bending strength is up to 32.5MPa~46.4MPa, impact
Intensity is up to 5.3kJ/m2~10.6kJ/m2。
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is continuous type steam blasting gear used by the preparation method of the wood plastic composite of one embodiment of the invention
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the ring moulds of continuous type steam blasting gear shown in FIG. 1.
Specific embodiment
It to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, below will be by embodiment to invention is more fully described.But this hair
It is bright to realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, providing these embodiments
Purpose be to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.
The preparation method of the wood plastic composite of one embodiment of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Pretreatment: plant fiber is subjected to steam blasting pretreatment using continuous type steam blasting gear；
It is granulated: being granulated to obtain plant fiber particle to by pretreated plant fiber；
It is kneaded: eccentric rotor volume fluctuation deformation plasticizing is added in plant fiber particle, plastic grain and auxiliary agent and transports dress
It is kneaded in standby, the weight ratio of plant fiber particle, plastic grain and auxiliary agent is (10~80): (20~90): (0~10).
Wherein, eccentric rotor volume fluctuation deformation plasticizing transports equipment and may be selected but be not limited to application number CN2008
Equipment disclosed in 10026054.X, CN201410206552.8, CN201610150876.3, CN201710788943.9.
In one example, before pre-treatment step, plant fiber is first crossed into 2mm~15mm sieve.
As shown in Fig. 1~2, in one example, continuous type steam blasting gear 100, including machine barrel 110, mouth mold 120,
Ring moulds 130, screw rod 140 and driving mechanism 150.Machine barrel 110 is equipped with conveying compression inner cavity and compresses what inner cavity was connected to conveying
Machine barrel feed inlet and machine barrel discharge port.Mouth mold 120, which is equipped with, squeezes out channel and the mouth mold feed inlet being connected to extrusion channel and mouth mold
Discharge port.The discharge end of machine barrel 110 is arranged in mouth mold 120 and mouth mold feed inlet is connected to machine barrel discharge port.The setting of ring moulds 130 exists
The discharge end of the mouth mold 120 and die hole of ring moulds 130 is connected to mouth mold discharge port.Ring moulds 130 have ring moulds die hole 132, ring moulds
130 are arranged in the discharge end of mouth mold 120 and ring moulds die hole 132 is connected to mouth mold discharge port.Screw rod 140 has spiral shell rib, screw rod
140 compress inner cavity through conveying, squeeze out in channel and ring moulds die hole 132.
In a wherein example, ring moulds 130 are equipped with the dentation knot towards screw rod 140 around the hole wall of ring moulds die hole 132
Structure 134.
The continuous type steam blasting gear 100 of this example conveys by 140 high speed rotation of screw rod and is gradually compacted stalk
Particle, due to the friction between crushed straw aggregate, between crushed straw aggregate and screw rod, crushed straw aggregate and machine barrel 110, straw during being somebody's turn to do
Stalk particle temperature increases, when crushed straw aggregate reaches mouth mold discharge port and ring moulds die hole 132 forms pressure release discharge port, in height
Warm high pressure conditions, since crushed straw aggregate itself contains a certain amount of moisture, when crushed straw aggregate is continuously released from discharge port, stalk
The moisture of particle internal high temperature high pressure instantaneously releases, and generates huge force of explosion, to destroy the pencil knot of tissue of plant fiber
Structure realizes the dissociation of plant fiber cells；At the same time, with 140 high speed rotation of screw rod, on the hole wall of ring moulds die hole 132
Dentalation 134 has biggish kneading action to stalk, and stalk exocuticle wax coat and silica species further take off
It falls, structure of stubbornly resisting is opened further, and draw ratio further increases, and the degree that material homogenizes improves, and reduces subsequent processing
Cost improves the level of resources utilization.
Further, in a wherein example, the dentalation 134 in ring moulds 130 is the hole wall along ring moulds die hole 132
The strip projected parts of extension, and dentalation 134 is closely arranged around the hole wall of ring moulds die hole 132, the dentalation 134 of strip can
To be arranged in an axially parallel mode with die hole, the axial setting of ring moulds die hole 132 can also be favoured.More preferably, dentalation is more
Head helical tooth, the extending direction of dentalation 134 and the axial angle of ring moulds die hole 132 are 20 °~35 °.One wherein
In example, the extending direction of dentalation 134 and the extending direction of spiral shell rib of screw rod 140 are vertical, can play assistance conveying material
Effect, make material circumferential movement and be axially moved in pressure release release, avoid feed blocking mouth mold discharge port and ring moulds die hole
132 pressure relief openings formed.In another example, the extension side of the spiral shell rib of the extending direction of dentalation 134 and screw rod 140
To identical, barrier action can be played to material, increase the pressure of discharging, enhancing friction kneading action.
In one example, using three screw steam blasting equipment, three-screw-rod structure blending transportation ability is strong, can produce
Local pressure variation, can strengthen steam blasting effect.
It is by the Steam explosion treatment process and result to wheat straw material below.
Wheat straw is broken bundle, is pulverized and sieved, and after damping stands 12h, continuous type steam blasting gear of the invention is respectively adopted
And the continuous type steam blasting gear without dentation structure ring mould is set and carries out Steam explosion treatment.After collecting Steam explosion treatment
Material carries out Benzene-ethanol extraction, draw ratio statistics and surface Si atomic percent test characterization, as a result as follows:
Wherein, alcohol benzene extractive content approximate can replace wax, lipid content in wheat straw, and Fiber Aspect Ratio shows fiber shape
The variation of state.Data analysis can obtain, and continuous type steam explosion treatment equipment of the invention is optimized for the characteristics of stalk resource
Device structure, Steam explosion treatment significant effect are promoted, especially in removing epicutile wax layer, silica species and improvement
In terms of fibre morphology, there is significant technical effect.
In one example, in pre-treatment step, the moisture content of plant fiber is 30%~60%, can be effectively de-
Except plant fibre surface wax coat and silica species while, retain biggish draw ratio.
In one example, the density ratio for controlling plant fiber particle and plastic grain is 0.8~1.5, can further be prevented
Only being layered and leading to the non-uniform situation of product composition occur in plant fiber and plastics in mixing process, further, show at one
In example, the density ratio for controlling plant fiber particle and plastic grain is 0.9~1.1.
In one example, Granulation Equipments is Flat die granulating machine or ring moulds granulator.Granulation Equipments barrel body can be passed through
Product, particle machine mould disc (quantity in hole, the diameter in hole, mould thickness) design, control the density of plant fiber particle.
In one example, plastic grain is selected from least one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.
In one example, auxiliary agent can be compatilizer, age resister, waterproofing agent etc., use with specific reference to raw material, technique
Depending on way.Wherein, compatilizer can be selected from maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene etc..
Plant fiber through steam blasting equipment can be directly granulated, and can also be dried or be dried, in order to store,
When needing, damping is granulated again again.
Eccentric rotor volume fluctuation deformation plasticizing transports equipment and can directly be obtained by molding die extrusion or injection molding
To product, mixing granulator can also be only carried out, provides wood plastic particles raw material for the molding of subsequent composite material.
The preparation method of one of them exemplary wood plastic composite further includes the post-processing step to mixing and molding product.
Specifically, which includes but is not limited to be machined (vehicle, milling, plane, mill etc.), heat treatment (annealing, tempering etc.), adjust
Wet process, antistatic surface processing, veneer, coating, paint, annular knurl, polishing etc..
The present invention is directed to stalk fibre poor morphology, heteroproteose cell is more, epicutile wax layer and silica species content are big etc.
Feature provides a kind of preparation method of wood plastic composite, but is not limited to be applied to stalk, and other plant fibers are such as
Woody debris etc. can also preparation method through the invention prepare wood plastic composite.
The preparation method that the present embodiment also provides a kind of wood plastic composite as described in any of the above-described example is prepared
Wood plastic composite.
The preparation method of above-mentioned wood plastic composite is first located plant fiber using continuous type steam blasting gear in advance
Reason, the wax coat and silica species of partial removal plant fibre surface improve compatible between plant fiber and plastics
Property, at the same make plant fiber have biggish draw ratio, play long stapled reinforcing effect, rather than just as reduce at
This packing material.Then, pretreated plant fiber is granulated, is allowed to close with the form of plastic grain, avoids
Occur lamination in mixing process, the mixing uniformity in mixing process can be improved, thus further increase composite material at
Divide uniformity.The deformation of eccentric rotor volume fluctuation is added after plant fiber particle is mixed by formula with plastic grain and auxiliary agent again
Plasticizing transports in equipment, stretches the field of force by volume and is kneaded to material, substitutes the screw extruder used in traditional handicraft,
The probability that plant fiber is degraded by shearing force and shearing thermal destruction can be reduced, the biggish draw ratio of plant fiber has been effectively retained,
Be conducive to improve the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength and the impact strength of composite material.
It is described in further detail below in conjunction with preparation method of the specific embodiment to wood plastic composite of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Wood plastic composite provided in this embodiment is prepared by following methods:
(1) bundled wheat straw is smashed it through into 5mm sieve, damping makes the moisture content 50% of wheat straw powder, utilizes continuous type steam
Blasting gear is pre-processed；
(2) after damping, diameter 3mm, the cylindrical pellet of length 4mm, wheat straw is made using Flat die granulating machine in natural drying
The density ratio of fiber grain and polypropylene granules is 1.1；
(3) by wheat straw fiber particle, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 10%, 88%, 2% matter
Amount ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(4) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 185 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(5) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Embodiment 2
Wood plastic composite provided in this embodiment is prepared by following methods:
(1) bundled wheat straw is smashed it through into 5mm sieve, damping makes the moisture content 50% of wheat straw powder, utilizes continuous type steam
Blasting gear is pre-processed；
(2) after damping, diameter 3mm, the cylindrical pellet of length 4mm, wheat straw is made using Flat die granulating machine in natural drying
The density ratio of fiber grain and polypropylene granules is 0.5；
(3) by wheat straw fiber particle, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 10%, 88%, 2% matter
Amount ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(4) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 185 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(5) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Embodiment 3
(1) bundled wheat straw crushed rear 5mm to sieve, damping makes the moisture content 40% of wheat straw powder, utilizes continuous type steam
Blasting gear is pre-processed；
(2) after damping, diameter 3mm, the particle of length 4mm, wheat straw fiber is made using Flat die granulating machine in natural drying
The density ratio of grain and polypropylene granules is 1.1；
(3) by wheat straw fiber particle, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 15%, 83%, 2% matter
Amount ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(4) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 185 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(5) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Embodiment 4
(1) bundled straw is smashed it through into 8mm sieve, damping makes the moisture content 60% of rice straw powder, utilizes continuous type steam
Blasting gear is pre-processed；
(2) after damping, diameter 4mm, the particle of length 4mm, rice-straw fibre is made using Flat die granulating machine in natural drying
The density ratio of grain and polypropylene granules is 0.8；
(3) by rice straw fiber particle, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 40%, 50%, 10%
Mass ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(4) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 185 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(5) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Embodiment 5
(1) Eucalyptus piece is smashed it through into 3mm sieve, damping makes the moisture content 30% of wheat straw powder, quick-fried using continuous type steam
Broken equipment is pre-processed；
(2) after damping, diameter 5mm, the Eucalyptus Fibers particle of length 5mm, eucalyptus is made using ring moulds granulator in natural drying
The density ratio of wood-fibred particle and pellets of high density polyethylene is 1.5；
(3) Eucalyptus Fibers particle and pellets of high density polyethylene are mixed according to the mass ratio of 80% and 20% using low speed
Conjunction machine is uniformly mixed；
(4) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 120 DEG C, 135 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 165 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 160 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(5) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Comparative example 1
The wood plastic composite that this comparative example provides is prepared by following methods:
(1) bundled wheat straw is smashed it through into 5mm sieve, after damping, diameter 3mm is made using Flat die granulating machine, length 4mm's
The density ratio of cylindrical pellet, wheat straw fiber particle and polypropylene granules is 1.1；
(2) by wheat straw fiber particle, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 10%, 88%, 2% matter
Amount ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(3) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 185 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(4) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Comparative example 2
The wood plastic composite that this comparative example provides is prepared by following methods:
(1) bundled wheat straw is smashed it through into 5mm sieve, damping makes the moisture content 50% of wheat straw powder, utilizes continuous type steam
Blasting gear is pre-processed；
(2) will by pretreated wheat straw powder, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 10%,
88%, 2% mass ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(3) above-mentioned mixture is added to the metering feeding material of the eccentric rotor volume fluctuation extruder based on draft flowing deformation
In bucket, extruder revolving speed 60r/min is followed successively by 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 from die head bringing-up section temperature of each section is fed to
DEG C, 185 DEG C, be kneaded be made diameter be 3mm particle；
(4) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Comparative example 3
The wood plastic composite that this comparative example provides is prepared by following methods:
(1) bundled wheat straw is smashed it through into 5mm sieve, damping makes the moisture content 50% of wheat straw powder, utilizes continuous type steam
Blasting gear is pre-processed；
(2) after damping, diameter 3mm, the cylindrical pellet of length 4mm, wheat straw is made using Flat die granulating machine in natural drying
The density ratio of fiber grain and polypropylene granules is 1.1；
(3) by wheat straw fiber particle, polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 10%, 88%, 2% matter
Amount ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(4) above-mentioned mixture is added in parallel conical double screw extruder, extruder revolving speed 35r/min, from charging
150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 DEG C, 185 DEG C are followed successively by die head bringing-up section temperature of each section, are kneaded for being made that diameter is 3mm
Grain；
(5) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Comparative example 4
The wood plastic composite that this comparative example provides is prepared by following methods:
(1) by bundled wheat straw crushed after 5mm sieve and polypropylene granules, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene according to 10%,
88%, 2% mass ratio is uniformly mixed using low speed mixer；
(2) above-mentioned mixture is added in parallel conical double screw extruder, extruder revolving speed 35r/min, from charging
150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 175 DEG C, 190 DEG C, 185 DEG C are followed successively by die head bringing-up section temperature of each section, are kneaded for being made that diameter is 3mm
Grain；
(3) above-mentioned particle is pressed and molded using hot press.
Following table is the performance test results of wood plastic composite provided by the above embodiment.
Above-mentioned wood plastic composite, material component is uniform, stable product quality, and has excellent mechanical property, draws
Intensity is stretched up to 20.3MPa~29.0MPa, and bending strength is up to 32.5MPa~46.4MPa, and impact strength is up to 5.3kJ/m2
~10.6kJ/m2。
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of wood plastic composite, which comprises the following steps:
Pretreatment: plant fiber is subjected to steam blasting pretreatment using continuous type steam blasting gear；
It is granulated: being granulated to obtain plant fiber particle to by pretreated plant fiber；
It is kneaded: eccentric rotor volume fluctuation deformation plasticizing is added in the plant fiber particle, plastic grain and auxiliary agent and transports dress
It is kneaded in standby, the weight ratio of the plant fiber particle, the plastic grain and the auxiliary agent is (10~80): (20~
90): (0~10).
2. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the continuous type steam explosion is set
Standby includes machine barrel, mouth mold, ring moulds, screw rod and driving mechanism；The machine barrel be equipped with conveying compression inner cavity and with the delivery pressure
The machine barrel feed inlet and machine barrel discharge port of contracting inner cavity connection, the mouth mold, which is equipped with, to be squeezed out channel and and connects with the extrusion channel
The discharge end of the machine barrel is arranged in and the mouth mold feed inlet and institute in logical mouth mold feed inlet and mouth mold discharge port, the mouth mold
The connection of machine barrel discharge port is stated, the ring moulds have ring moulds die hole, and the discharge end of the mouth mold and the ring is arranged in the ring moulds
Mould die hole is connected to the mouth mold discharge port, and the screw rod has spiral shell rib, and the screw rod compresses inner cavity, institute through the conveying
It states and squeezes out in channel and the ring moulds die hole, the ring moulds are equipped with around the hole wall of the ring moulds die hole toward the screw rod
Dentalation, the driving mechanism are connect to drive the screw rod to rotate with the screw rod.
3. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the dentalation is bull spiral shell
Tooth is revolved, the extending direction of the dentalation and the axial angle of the ring moulds die hole are 20 °~35 °.
4. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that at the pre- place
It manages in step, the moisture content of the plant fiber is 30%~60%.
5. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the plant is fine
Dimension particle is that diameter is 3mm~5mm, and length is the cylindrical pellet of 3mm~5mm.
6. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the plant is fine
The ratio for tieing up the density of particle and the density of the plastic grain is 0.8~1.5.
7. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that in the granulation
The step of in, using Flat die granulating machine, ring moulds granulator, punching type granulator or screw extrusion type granulator to plant fiber into
Row is granulated.
8. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the plant is fine
Dimension is selected from least one of woody debris and stalk.
9. the preparation method of wood plastic composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the plastics
Grain-by-grain seed selection is from least one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.
10. a kind of wood plastic composite, which is characterized in that by wood plastic composite as described in any one of claims 1 to 9
Preparation method is prepared.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111363239A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-03 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wood-plastic composite material with high toughness and high strength and preparation method thereof |
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