CN109169649A - A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica - Google Patents
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica Download PDFInfo
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- CN109169649A CN109169649A CN201810899648.5A CN201810899648A CN109169649A CN 109169649 A CN109169649 A CN 109169649A CN 201810899648 A CN201810899648 A CN 201810899648A CN 109169649 A CN109169649 A CN 109169649A
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- rhododendron
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- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 241000228574 Rhododendron luteum Species 0.000 title description 44
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000208422 Rhododendron Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- VUMZHZYKXUYIHM-GLHQSWFFSA-N 2β,3β-epoxy-grayanotpxane-5β,6β,10α,14β,16β-pentol Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)[C@]2(O)C(C)(C)[C@H]3O[C@H]3[C@H]2[C@](C)(O)[C@@H]2CC[C@H]3[C@](C)(O)C[C@]21[C@@H]3O VUMZHZYKXUYIHM-GLHQSWFFSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VUMZHZYKXUYIHM-ZFLTZYTDSA-N Rhodojaponin III Natural products C[C@]1(O)C[C@]23C[C@H](O)[C@]4(O)[C@@H]([C@@H]5O[C@@H]5C4(C)C)[C@](C)(O)[C@H]2CC[C@H]1[C@H]3O VUMZHZYKXUYIHM-ZFLTZYTDSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000544061 Cuculus canorus Species 0.000 description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- PVWXJBNOSIALLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Grayanotoxin-I Natural products COC(=O)C1C2CCC3C(C)(O)C4CC(O)C(C)(C)C4(O)C(O)CC13CC2(C)O PVWXJBNOSIALLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003266 Leaf® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241001163113 Photinia glabra Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- NXCYBYJXCJWMRY-VGBBEZPXSA-N grayanotoxin I Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)[C@]2(O)C(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]2[C@@](O)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]3[C@@H](OC(=O)C)[C@@]21C[C@@]3(C)O NXCYBYJXCJWMRY-VGBBEZPXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000193986 Kalmia latifolia Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001887 anti-feedant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000720 eyelash Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- -1 grayanotoxine III Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNEMCNXMJWNLDK-KEROZRELSA-N rhodomollein III Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@]2(O)C(C)(C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2[C@@](O)(C)[C@H]2[C@]3([C@@H](O)[C@H]([C@@](O)(C)C3)CC2)C1)C VNEMCNXMJWNLDK-KEROZRELSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208421 Ericaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930189130 Grayanotoxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JPEBAJKDWYGOHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Grayanotoxin VIII Natural products C1C(O)C2(O)C(C)(C)C(O)CC2C(=C)C2CCC3C(=C)CC21C3O JPEBAJKDWYGOHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHEDDHMJFFWQJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Grayanotoxin XI Natural products C1C(O)C2(O)C(C)(C)C(O)CC2C(=C)C2CC(O)C3C(C)(O)CC21C3O IHEDDHMJFFWQJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000588275 Heteractis magnifica Delta-stichotoxin-Rpa1b Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000783409 Naja anchietae Long neurotoxin 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000346285 Ostrinia furnacalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255969 Pieris brassicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000500437 Plutella xylostella Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008199 Rhododendron molle Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000256251 Spodoptera frugiperda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000985245 Spodoptera litura Species 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002026 chloroform extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- IGKWESNBSFVVHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrograyanotoxin ii Chemical compound C1CC2C(C)C3CC(O)C(C)(C)C3(O)C(O)CC22C(O)C1C(C)(O)C2 IGKWESNBSFVVHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000105 evaporative light scattering detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008736 traumatic injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/12—Powders or granules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/16—Ericaceae [Heath or Blueberry family], e.g. rhododendron, arbutus, pieris, cranberry or bilberry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种以黄杜鹃为原料发酵制备杀虫剂的方法，包括以下步骤：(1)原料处理：将黄杜鹃洗净，熏蒸软化后打浆成黄杜鹃浆液，同时发酵罐清洗干净灭菌；(2)酶解：黄杜鹃浆液置于发酵罐中并向其中添加纤维素酶酶解，得到酶解液；(3)发酵：加入枯草芽孢杆菌种子液，发酵过滤得到发酵液；(4)萃取：发酵液转移至萃取罐中，加入氯仿进行萃取，萃取完成后升温蒸馏将氯仿分离得到萃取液；(5)乳化制粉：向萃取液加入乳化剂，加入淀粉、分散剂和肥皂水充分混合后进行粉碎筛选，得到杀虫剂粉剂。本发明提供了一种对农业害虫具有较好的杀灭作用的杀虫剂的制备方法，该方法将黄杜鹃酶解后使用枯草芽孢杆菌发酵，获得就有杀虫效能的活性物质。The invention discloses a method for preparing pesticides by fermentation using Rhododendron as a raw material. Bacteria; (2) Enzymolysis: Rhododendron rhododendron slurry is placed in a fermenter and adds cellulase enzymolysis therein to obtain an enzymolysis solution; (3) Fermentation: add Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, and ferment and filter to obtain a fermented liquid; ( 4) Extraction: the fermented liquid is transferred to the extraction tank, and chloroform is added for extraction. After the extraction is completed, the chloroform is separated by heating and distillation to obtain an extract; (5) Emulsifying and powdering: adding an emulsifier to the extract, adding starch, a dispersant and soap After the water is fully mixed, it is crushed and screened to obtain the pesticide powder. The invention provides a preparation method of an insecticide with good killing effect on agricultural pests. In the method, the Rhododendron azalea is enzymatically hydrolyzed and then fermented with Bacillus subtilis to obtain an active substance with insecticidal effect.
Description
Technical field
It the present invention relates to the use of the technical field that biofermentation prepares insecticide, in particular to one kind is using Azalea pontica as raw material
The method that fermentation prepares insecticide.
Background technique
Azalea pontica is Ericaceae Genus Rhododendron machaka, and high 0.5-2m, branch is sparse, and branch is upright, close grey when young
White pubescence and thin bristle.Leaf papery, oblong to long round shape lanceolar, long 5-11cm, wide 1.5-3.5cm, apex is blunt, has short
Tip, base portion wedge shape, edge have eyelashes, when young above by micro- pubescence, below it is close by canescence pubescence, it is rigid by yellowish-brown along middle arteries
Hair, middle arteries and lateral vein protrusion, the long 2-6mm of petiole, by pubescence and a small number of bristles, total shape umbel basidixed spends up to 13, first
Hua Houye is opened simultaneously with leaf, and the long 1-2.5cm of bennet, by micro- pubescence and thin bristle, calyx lobes is small, crenation, by micro- soft
Hair and setiform eyelashes, the wealthy infundibulate of corolla, long 4.5cm, diameter 5-6cm, yellow or golden yellow, inside there is peony spot, flower
It is gradually narrow to base portion to be preced with pipe, cylindric, long 2.6cm, outside is by micro- pubescence, sliver 5, ellipse or ovate oblong, long 2.8cm,
Outside is by micro- pubescence, and stamen 5, Length discrepancy, long to be no more than corolla, filigree is flat, and by micro- pubescence below middle part, ovary is coniform,
Long 4mm, close by canescence pubescence and thin bristle, style is up to 6 centimetres, hairless.The coniform oblong of capsule, it is 2.5-3.5 lis long
Rice, has 5 longitudinal ribs, by micro- pubescence and thin bristle.
Azalea pontica is abounded in Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, one band of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan, is easy to acquire, available as medicinal material
In treatment of arthritis, traumatic injury etc., but containing rib andromedotoxin and Chinese photinia element in Azalea pontica, chloroform extract is to a variety of important
Agricultural pests have stronger tag and antifeedant activity.Thus it can be used for preparing botanical pesticide.But traditional vegetalitas is killed
Worm agent is mostly used organic solvent or decocts to extract, and being unfavorable for energy conservation also has biggish environmental risk, also influences the stabilization of active material
Property even lose active material, and increase cost and make development and application difficulty larger, function and effect are slow, therefore give plant source
The research and development and production of insecticide bring huge financial difficulties.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of pair of agricultural pests has preferable kill
Effect, the method for producing insecticide of the environment friendly and pollution-free energy and labour saving of production method, in addition to this, this method digests Azalea pontica
It is fermented afterwards using plant growth-promoting bacteria, the extraction of favorable activity substance avoids substance from inactivating, and is extracted and is extracted in Azalea pontica using chloroform
Active principle, further increase the killing of the insecticide.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica, comprising the following steps:
(1) feedstock processing: Azalea pontica is cleaned, and after the stifling softening of vapor, homogeneous forms yellow Du after being beaten
Cuckoo slurries, at the same fermentor clean up sterilizing it is spare；
(2) it digests: Azalea pontica slurries obtained in step (1) being placed in fermentor, and add cellulase thereto
It stirs evenly and is digested, obtain enzymolysis liquid；
(3) ferment: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is added in the enzymolysis liquid in step (2), mixes and is sealed by fermentation after pressurization, filtering
Obtain fermentation liquid；
(4) it extracts: fermentation liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred in extractor, chloroform is added and is extracted, has extracted
It is distilled at rear heating and separates chloroform, until there is no substances to distill, remaining is extract liquor；
(5) emulsify powder processed: emulsifier is added in the extract liquor obtained to step (4), reacts 6~8h while stirring, is added and forms sediment
Powder, dispersing agent and suds carry out crushing and screening after being sufficiently mixed, and obtain insecticide pulvis.
Further, in step (1), the vapor stifling time is 15~30min, and the fermentor sterilizing is
Carry out 121 DEG C of 20~30min of high temperature sterilization.
Further, in step (2), the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 18000U/g, the enzymolysis time is 35~
45min。
Further, the additive amount of the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 2%, the bacteria containing amount in the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution
For 30~5,000,000,000/ml.
Further, in step (3), the pressure of the pressurization is 0.5~1MPa, and the fermentation temperature is 35~45
DEG C, fermentation time is 3~4 days.
Further, in step (4), the heating vapo(u)rizing temperature is 60~62 DEG C.
Further, the emulsifier is the one or more of lanolin fatty acid, beeswax or lecithin, and emulsifier additive amount is institute
State the 8~15% of extract liquor.
Further, the starch is cornstarch and tapioca with the mixture of 1:1, and the additional amount of starch is 180
~280 parts.
Further, the dispersing agent is microcrystalline wax, and the additive amount for changing dispersing agent is 1~8 part, the sieve of the screening
Mesh number is 80~100 mesh.
The present invention ferments Azalea pontica as Promoting bacteria to extract effective active composition, not only by using bacillus subtilis
Be conducive to the extraction of bioactive substance, and due in fermentation process without organic solvent and prolonged high-temperature process mistake
Journey does not easily cause the inactivation of effective component active material, advantageously ensures that the activity of the effective component of each raw material.Contain in Azalea pontica
You andromedotoxin and Chinese photinia element have stronger tag and antifeedant activity , andromedotoxin and Chinese photinia to a variety of important agricultural insects
Element includes Rhodomollein-Ⅲ, rhodojaponinⅢ, grayanotoxine Ⅲ, rhodojaponin III and mountain laurel terpene alcohol, these substances
Chloroform recovery can be passed through.Azalea pontica has strong toxicity to agricultural insect, mainly due in Azalea pontica rhodojaponinⅢ,
Grayanotoxin and mountain laurel toxin have antifeedant activity to the larva of colorado potato bug and Spodopterafrugiperda, wherein Rhododendron molle poison
The effect of element III is most significant.When contacting insect cuticle, it can be invaded in polypide by stomata and nervous system is made to be poisoned, if by
Insect eats, then is poisoned via digestive system, with fumigant using when can by stomata invade polypide reach desinsection
Purpose.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, having the advantages that
(1) present invention in first by Azalea pontica fumigate it is soft after fermenting, be conducive to Azalea pontica release aromatic substance, and
It absorbs enough moisture to be easy to be beaten, recycles bacillus subtilis that Azalea pontica high pressure is fermented, make the small molecule object in Azalea pontica
Matter sufficiently releases, and is further extracted by chloroform and proposes Azalea pontica Zhong andromedotoxin and the extraction of Chinese photinia element, distilled
Pulvis insecticide is made after purification, the concentration of pest lethal substance can be made higher by purification by liquid extraction, pulvis is made convenient for spray
Being sprinkled upon on crops makes it contact agricultural pests or achieve the purpose that kill pest after being eaten by insect.
(2) softening is cooked by steam in the present invention and high pressure fermentation improves the fermentation rate of Azalea pontica, and in ingredient
It is upper that the active insecticidal components of Azalea pontica are prepared into pulvis by addition starch, dispersing agent and suds, it is easy when sprinkling
It in being adhered on plant, and is not easy to be walked by rain drop erosion, and raw material sources used in the present invention are extensive, cheap, preparation
Method is simple, economic and environment-friendly, has preferable economic benefit, can produce extensively.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is enumerated below, to this hair
Bright further description.However, it is necessary to illustrate, many details listed in specification are used for the purpose of making reader to this
The one or more aspects of invention have a thorough explanation, also may be implemented even without these specific details of the invention
These aspects.
Embodiment 1
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica, comprising the following steps:
(1) feedstock processing: Azalea pontica is cleaned, and after the stifling softening of vapor, homogeneous forms yellow Du after being beaten
Cuckoo slurries, while fermentor cleans up that sterilizing is spare, the vapor stifling time is 15min, the fermentor sterilizing for into
121 DEG C of row of high temperature sterilization 20min.
(2) it digests: Azalea pontica slurries obtained in step (1) being placed in fermentor, and add cellulase thereto
It stirs evenly and is digested, obtain enzymolysis liquid, the enzyme activity of cellulase is 18000U/g, and the enzymolysis time is 35min；
(3) ferment: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, the additive amount of bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is added in the enzymolysis liquid in step (2)
It is 2%, the bacteria containing amount in the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 3,000,000,000/ml, mixes and is sealed by fermentation after pressurization, and the pressure of pressurization is
0.5MPa, the fermentation temperature are 35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 3 days, and fermentation liquid is obtained by filtration；
(4) it extracts: fermentation liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred in extractor, chloroform is added and is extracted, has extracted
It is distilled at rear heating and separates chloroform, heating vapo(u)rizing temperature is 60 DEG C, until there is no substances to distill, it is remaining for extraction
Liquid；
(5) emulsify powder processed: emulsifier is added in the extract liquor obtained to step (4), reacts 6~8h while stirring, is added and forms sediment
Powder, dispersing agent and suds carry out crushing and screening after being sufficiently mixed, and obtain insecticide pulvis, emulsifier be lanolin fatty acid, beeswax or
Lecithin it is one or more, emulsifier additive amount is the 8% of the extract liquor, and starch is cornstarch and tapioca with 1:
1 mixture, the additional amount of starch are 180 parts, and dispersing agent is microcrystalline wax, and the additive amount for changing dispersing agent is 1 part, the screening
Sieve mesh number be 80 mesh.
Embodiment 2
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica, comprising the following steps:
(1) feedstock processing: Azalea pontica is cleaned, and after the stifling softening of vapor, homogeneous forms yellow Du after being beaten
Cuckoo slurries, while fermentor cleans up that sterilizing is spare, the vapor stifling time is 30min, the fermentor sterilizing for into
121 DEG C of row of high temperature sterilization 30min.
(2) it digests: Azalea pontica slurries obtained in step (1) being placed in fermentor, and add cellulase thereto
It stirs evenly and is digested, obtain enzymolysis liquid, the enzyme activity of cellulase is 18000U/g, and the enzymolysis time is 45min；
(3) ferment: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, the additive amount of bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is added in the enzymolysis liquid in step (2)
It is 2%, the bacteria containing amount in the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 5,000,000,000/ml, mixes and is sealed by fermentation after pressurization, and the pressure of pressurization is
1MPa, the fermentation temperature are 37 DEG C, and fermentation time is 4 days, and fermentation liquid is obtained by filtration；
(4) it extracts: fermentation liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred in extractor, chloroform is added and is extracted, has extracted
It is distilled at rear heating and separates chloroform, heating vapo(u)rizing temperature is 62 DEG C, until there is no substances to distill, it is remaining for extraction
Liquid；
(5) emulsify powder processed: emulsifier is added in the extract liquor obtained to step (4), reacts 6~8h while stirring, is added and forms sediment
Powder, dispersing agent and suds carry out crushing and screening after being sufficiently mixed, and obtain insecticide pulvis, emulsifier be lanolin fatty acid, beeswax or
Lecithin it is one or more, emulsifier additive amount is the 15% of the extract liquor, starch be cornstarch and tapioca with
The mixture of 1:1, the additional amount of starch are 280 parts, and dispersing agent is microcrystalline wax, and the additive amount for changing dispersing agent is 8 parts, the sieve
The sieve mesh number of choosing is 100 mesh.
Embodiment 3
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica, comprising the following steps:
(1) feedstock processing: Azalea pontica is cleaned, and after the stifling softening of vapor, homogeneous forms yellow Du after being beaten
Cuckoo slurries, while fermentor cleans up that sterilizing is spare, the vapor stifling time is 25min, the fermentor sterilizing for into
121 DEG C of row of high temperature sterilization 25min.
(2) it digests: Azalea pontica slurries obtained in step (1) being placed in fermentor, and add cellulase thereto
It stirs evenly and is digested, obtain enzymolysis liquid, the enzyme activity of cellulase is 18000U/g, and the enzymolysis time is 40min；
(3) ferment: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, the additive amount of bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is added in the enzymolysis liquid in step (2)
It is 2%, the bacteria containing amount in the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 4,000,000,000/ml, mixes and is sealed by fermentation after pressurization, and the pressure of pressurization is
0.8MPa, the fermentation temperature are 40 DEG C, and fermentation time is 3~4 days, and fermentation liquid is obtained by filtration；
(4) it extracts: fermentation liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred in extractor, chloroform is added and is extracted, has extracted
It is distilled at rear heating and separates chloroform, heating vapo(u)rizing temperature is 61 DEG C, until there is no substances to distill, it is remaining for extraction
Liquid；
(5) emulsify powder processed: emulsifier is added in the extract liquor obtained to step (4), reacts 7h while stirring, be added starch,
Dispersing agent and suds carry out crushing and screening after being sufficiently mixed, and obtain insecticide pulvis, and emulsifier is lanolin fatty acid, beeswax or lecithin
Rouge it is one or more, emulsifier additive amount is the 8~15% of the extract liquor, and starch is cornstarch and tapioca with 1:
1 mixture, the additional amount of starch are 250 parts, and dispersing agent is microcrystalline wax, and the additive amount for changing dispersing agent is 5 parts, the screening
Sieve mesh number be 90 mesh.
Embodiment 4
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica, comprising the following steps:
(1) feedstock processing: Azalea pontica is cleaned, and after the stifling softening of vapor, homogeneous forms yellow Du after being beaten
Cuckoo slurries, while fermentor cleans up that sterilizing is spare, the vapor stifling time is 18min, the fermentor sterilizing for into
121 DEG C of row of high temperature sterilization 22min.
(2) it digests: Azalea pontica slurries obtained in step (1) being placed in fermentor, and add cellulase thereto
It stirs evenly and is digested, obtain enzymolysis liquid, the enzyme activity of cellulase is 18000U/g, and the enzymolysis time is 38min；
(3) ferment: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, the additive amount of bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is added in the enzymolysis liquid in step (2)
It is 2%, the bacteria containing amount in the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 3,500,000,000/ml, mixes and is sealed by fermentation after pressurization, and the pressure of pressurization is
0.6MPa, the fermentation temperature are 42 DEG C, and fermentation time is 3~4 days, and fermentation liquid is obtained by filtration；
(4) it extracts: fermentation liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred in extractor, chloroform is added and is extracted, has extracted
It is distilled at rear heating and separates chloroform, heating vapo(u)rizing temperature is 60 DEG C, until there is no substances to distill, it is remaining for extraction
Liquid；
(5) emulsify powder processed: emulsifier is added in the extract liquor obtained to step (4), reacts 6~8h while stirring, is added and forms sediment
Powder, dispersing agent and suds carry out crushing and screening after being sufficiently mixed, and obtain insecticide pulvis, emulsifier be lanolin fatty acid, beeswax or
Lecithin it is one or more, emulsifier additive amount is the 10% of the extract liquor, starch be cornstarch and tapioca with
The mixture of 1:1, the additional amount of starch are 200 parts, and dispersing agent is microcrystalline wax, and the additive amount for changing dispersing agent is 3 parts, the sieve
The sieve mesh number of choosing is 85 mesh.
Embodiment 5
A method of insecticide is prepared by fermenting raw materials of Azalea pontica, comprising the following steps:
(1) feedstock processing: Azalea pontica is cleaned, and after the stifling softening of vapor, homogeneous forms yellow Du after being beaten
Cuckoo slurries, while fermentor cleans up that sterilizing is spare, the vapor stifling time is 25min, the fermentor sterilizing for into
121 DEG C of row of high temperature sterilization 25min.
(2) it digests: Azalea pontica slurries obtained in step (1) being placed in fermentor, and add cellulase thereto
It stirs evenly and is digested, obtain enzymolysis liquid, the enzyme activity of cellulase is 18000U/g, and the enzymolysis time is 40min；
(3) ferment: bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, the additive amount of bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is added in the enzymolysis liquid in step (2)
It is 2%, the bacteria containing amount in the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is 4,500,000,000/ml, mixes and is sealed by fermentation after pressurization, and the pressure of pressurization is
0.8MPa, the fermentation temperature are 45 DEG C, and fermentation time is 4 days, and fermentation liquid is obtained by filtration；
(4) it extracts: fermentation liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred in extractor, chloroform is added and is extracted, has extracted
It is distilled at rear heating and separates chloroform, heating vapo(u)rizing temperature is 62 DEG C, until there is no substances to distill, it is remaining for extraction
Liquid；
(5) emulsify powder processed: emulsifier is added in the extract liquor obtained to step (4), reacts 7h while stirring, be added starch,
Dispersing agent and suds carry out crushing and screening after being sufficiently mixed, and obtain insecticide pulvis, and emulsifier is lanolin fatty acid, beeswax or lecithin
Rouge it is one or more, emulsifier additive amount is the 12% of the extract liquor, and starch is cornstarch and tapioca with 1:1's
Mixture, the additional amount of starch are 250 parts, and dispersing agent is microcrystalline wax, and the additive amount for changing dispersing agent is 6 parts, the screening
Sieve mesh number is 90 mesh.
Embodiment 6
It is directly digested after Azalea pontica is cleaned, not implementation steps (1), other implement consistent with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 7
The fermentation that Azalea pontica implementation steps (1) are directly carried out to step (3) afterwards, without the enzymatic hydrolysis of step (2), other realities
It is consistent to grant embodiment 3.
Embodiment 8
After Azalea pontica implementation steps (1)~step (3), other without step (4) are implemented with embodiment 3 unanimously.
Embodiment 9
Insecticide prepared in 1~embodiment of embodiment 8 in the present invention is subjected to insect killing effect test.
Specific test is as follows: it is 100 a to catch back cabbage butterfly, prodenia litura, Ostrinia furnacalis and diamondback moth in field, distinguishes
It being placed in transparent glass tube, glass jar both ends open is sealed using gauze, it is put into 5 dish leafs in each glass tube, number 1~8,
Dish leaf is stirred respectively and uniformly sprays the insecticide of the preparation of 1~embodiment of embodiment 8, and is lived glass mouthpiece cover using gauze, is seen
Examine the death condition of pest in glass jar, and after 48h simulate nature blowing rain carry out being blown into gentle breeze and with 200ml/
The flow of min sprays tap water 10min, the Mortality of insect after statistics spray after 72h, and every group of experiment in triplicate and is averaging
Value, the experimental results are shown inthe following table:
As seen from the above table, only implement the insecticide desinsection prepared fully according to test method of the invention in the present invention
Effect is good, fully according to step of the invention using the insecticide for not being both experiment parameter preparation in 1~embodiment of embodiment 5,
Insecticidal effect is all fine, does not have implementation steps (1) in embodiment 6, i.e., Azalea pontica is not cooked mashing, directly digested,
The active material being unfavorable in Azalea pontica discharges, and is not digested in embodiment 7, directly carries out fermentation and also results in active matter
Matter release not exclusively, do not extracted in two embodiments 8, cause preparation insecticide in effective component concentration it is low, cause to kill
Worm effect weakens significantly, so the insecticide for implementing preparation completely fully according to the step in the present invention is used for the pest of crops
Prevention and treatment, with the fast advantage of insecticide efficiency.
Embodiment 10
Insecticide obtained in 1~embodiment of embodiment 8 carry out the Related Component test of desinsection, the chlorine of Azalea pontica
It mainly include Rhodomollein-Ⅲ, rhodojaponinⅢ, grayanotoxine Ⅲ, rhodojaponin III and mountain laurel terpene in imitative extract liquor
Alcohol, wherein rhodojaponinⅢ is the main lethal ingredient of insect, tests and calculates extract liquor in 1~embodiment of embodiment 8
Recovery rate and rhodojaponinⅢ extraction efficiency, the recovery rate of extract liquor are the mass ratio that extract liquor accounts for raw material Azalea pontica, and make a noise sheep
Flower toxin III then detects its content in extract liquor by high performance liquid chromatography evaporative light-scattering detection method, wherein embodiment 8
Be content of the rhodojaponinⅢ in fermentation liquid, data are as shown in the table:
| Recovery rate/% of extract liquor | RhodojaponinⅢ content/% | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.83 | 11.56 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.65 | 12.41 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.75 | 10.98 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.76 | 12.03 |
| Embodiment 5 | 1.81 | 11.53 |
| Embodiment 6 | 1.23 | 8.65 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.89 | 5.49 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0 | 0.56 |
As seen from the above table, implement in 1~embodiment of embodiment 5 fully according to all steps in the present invention, extract
It is more to extract liquid hold-up, and the content of rhodojaponinⅢ is also more, insecticide effect is good.
In summary embodiment, only completely through the invention in the insecticide for preparing of all steps could utilize Huang
Cuckoo prepares the insecticide of effective powerful, and this method is scientific and reasonable, easy to accomplish, can be widely popularized.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101697740A (en) * | 2009-04-04 | 2010-04-28 | 冯子龙 | Novel traditional Chinese medicine pesticide and production technology thereof |
| CN107864988A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 台州职业技术学院 | A kind of preparation method of silk tree plant fermented liquid mosquitocidal biological agent |
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- 2018-08-09 CN CN201810899648.5A patent/CN109169649A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101697740A (en) * | 2009-04-04 | 2010-04-28 | 冯子龙 | Novel traditional Chinese medicine pesticide and production technology thereof |
| CN107864988A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 台州职业技术学院 | A kind of preparation method of silk tree plant fermented liquid mosquitocidal biological agent |
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| Title |
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| 冯夏 等: "黄杜鹃提取物对几种害虫的生物活性及其作用机理的初步研究", 《华南农业大学学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |