A kind of method that suitable industrial seedling rearing improves Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting rooting rate
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, and in particular to a kind of suitable industrial seedling rearing quickly improves Fraxinus velutina
The method of hardwood cutting rooting rate.
Background technique
Chinese wax (Fraxinus) is Oleaceae (oleaceae) Fraxinus (Fraxinus) plant general designation, and the whole world is existing white
Wax belongs to more than 70, and about 34 kinds of China, foreign countries introduce about 10 kinds, spreads each provinces and regions.Wherein Fraxinus velutina (Fraxinus
It velutina) is the higher Precious Timber Species of economic value and saline-alkali soil forestation vanguard tree seed.Traditional Fraxinus velutina is asexual
Breeding is mainly bred using grafting, and the period is long, breeds low efficiency, at high cost, constrains the popularization and application of Chinese wax excellent variety.
The features such as cutting propagation is simple and easy, the breeding cycle is shorter, inexpensive efficient and holding elite stand good characteristic, is widely used in producing
Practice.However, Chinese wax cuttage raise seedling technique is always the technical problem produced in nursery, the slotting research of dialogue candlestick at present is reported
It is very few.Growth regulator is studied to gold leaf Chinese wax using the spray for giving birth to semi-lignified for the year as material in road refined (2018) etc.
The influence of (Fraxinus chinensis ' Jinguan ') cuttage root-taking and enzymatic activity, the results showed that 200mg/LIBA+
The effect that 400mg/L IAA impregnates cuttings 30s is best, rooting percent 94.44%.Zhao Shuan etc. (2018) is with gold leaf Chinese wax
(Fraxinus chinensis ' Jinyebaila ') stiff wood and shoot cutting seedling are test material, analyze different cutting mediums,
The shadow of cuttage period, plant growth regulator type, No. 1 soaking concentration of ABT and soaking time to Survival rate of nursery stock and situation of taking root
It rings.The result shows that: cutting medium is up to 75% with turfy soil+thin river sand+perlite (volume ratio 1:1:2) survival rate;Most preferably
Cuttage period is March and June, 70% or more shoot cutting survival rate, the place of No. 300mg/LABT1 immersion cuttings base portion 30min
It is best to manage effect, 70% or more survival rate.Liang Youwang (2010) etc. is used using current year life and 2 years raw branches as cuttings material
Different disposal method carries out cuttage and seedling culture test to evergreen Chinese wax (Fraxinus griffithii), the results showed that, annual shoot
Raw rooting efficiency was good than 2 years for cuttage root-taking effect, with concentration was 500mg/L ABT 1 in the middle part of evergreen Chinese wax 1 year raw branch
Root-inducing powder handles 10s, and rooting rate is up to 60%.Ye Jingfeng (2011) etc. is with half wood of White Ash (Fraxinus Americana)
Matter spray is cuttings, has studied the shadow of different management methods and different plant growth regulator treatment White Ash cuttage and seedling cultures
It rings, the results showed that No. 1 root-inducing powder of 100mg/L ABT handles 6h, and rooting rate is up to 93%.He Li (2017) etc. is to section Chinese wax
(Fraxinus hupehensis) the spring tip and autumn growth spray are cuttings, have studied carefully callus after various concentration IBA, NAA aqueous solution soaking
The influence of rate, rooting rate, height of seedling, ground diameter, internode number.The result shows that: the rooting rate of spring tip cuttings is imitated in IBA125mg/L processing
Fruit is best, rooting rate 77%.The rooting rate of autumn growth cuttings is best in NAA150mg/L treatment effect, and rooting rate is up to 80.0%.
Yan Liping (2016, patent No. ZL201410532141.8) etc. is 80 with concentration using No. 5 stiff branches of 1~2 year Shandong wax as cuttings
It after~120mg/L ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and 80~120mg/L soaking with indole butyric acid 12h, then with concentration is 1000ppm's
Special efficacy rooting powder solution impregnates 2~4min, and rooting rate is up to 93.3% or more.
Above studies have shown that different Chinese wax inter-species, in plant growth regulator type, handles time, concentration and matrix
It is larger that difference is influenced on rooting rate.The different Chinese wax kind cuttage root-taking difference are larger, this may be related with Chinese wax genotype.
At present about the research of Fraxinus velutina, only 2 reported in literature, Yao Junxiu (2015) etc. is white with 2 years raw villus
Wax (Fraxinus velutiwa) seedling spray is cuttings, using three factors (hormone kind, hormone concentration and processing time)
Three horizontal quadrature experimental designs study Chinese wax softwood cutting propagation technology under different cuttage environment.The result shows that: 200mg/LNAA
Handle optimal when 2h, cuttage survival rate is up to 100%.Zhang Jianguo etc. is using 1 year raw healthy and strong branch to Fraxinus velutina garden wax 2
(Fraxinus velutiwa yuanla2) cuttage raise seedling technique is studied, the scion that will be sheared, by the sand in a winter
Hiding, then with concentration be No. 2 processing 8h of 200mg/L root-growing agent, rooting rate is up to 87%.However, using traditional hardwood cutting method,
After needing one winter of sand storage, second year 3-5 month cuttage, cuttings is easy mildew, and operating method is cumbersome, time-consuming and laborious, exists
The long defect of growing-seedling period, seedling cost is high and cuttage survival rate difficulty is secure.To sum up, the quick skewer of Fraxinus velutina batch production stiff wood
It is slotting breeding be still nursery production in technical problem, this field is still blank, Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting breeding method and
Improving cuttage survival rate is still current project urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable industrial seedling rearings quickly to improve
The method of Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting rooting rate, this method cuttings need not move through the sand storage in a winter, quickly dipped, time saving province
Power, method are easy.Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting Rapid Rooting and breeding may be implemented using the method.
The method that suitable industrial seedling rearing of the present invention improves Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting rooting rate, step is:
(1) greenhouse is arranged: plastic foil scaffolding, top are covered with shading net, and automated spray, water system is good, and draining is logical
Freely;
(2) Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting matrix design and preparation;
(3) cutting medium sabot: the cutting medium disinfected is dispensed into seedlings nursing plate, and cutting medium thickness is not less than
8cm is sprinkled profoundly water, spare;
(4) prepared by cuttings: spring being taken to select the stiff branch of 1-2 healthy and strong, that no disease and pests harm is not germinateed as cuttings;
(5) it is pre-processed before cuttings cuttage;
(6) cuttings cuttage method: pretreated cuttings is inserted into matrix, and cuttage depth is 6 ± 1cm, is then irrigated
Water, and the matrix around cuttings and jack is compacted;
(7) postcondition control and management are inserted;
(8) after cuttage root-taking, Kei removes shading net, carries out full exposure hardening;
It is characterized by:
Step (2) the Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting matrix design and the method for preparation are: the component of cutting medium is precious
Zhu Yan, frog stone and coco bran, mixed proportion are perlites: frog stone: coco bran is 4:2:1 by volume;1000 are used after being mixed
Times liquid carbendazim sterilization, cuttage before repeat sterilizing one time for 24 hours;
Pretreated method is before step (5) described cuttings cuttage: by the cuttings concentration trimmed be 75% ethyl alcohol+
800~1000mg/LNAA+400~500mg/L IBA solution is quickly dipped, then directly carries out cuttage operation;
The method of step (7) the slotting postcondition control and management is: being protected to the cuttings after cuttage using auto spraying method
It is wet, make relative air humidity control 90% or more, temperature control is at 36~44 DEG C and continues 45 ± 1d, to improve cutting survival
Rate.
Above-mentioned suitable industrial seedling rearing improves in the method for Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting rooting rate: step (5) described cuttings
Pretreated method is preferably before cuttage: being 75% ethyl alcohol+800mg/LNAA+400mg/L by the cuttings concentration trimmed
IBA solution is quickly dipped, then directly carries out cuttage operation.
Above-mentioned suitable industrial seedling rearing improves in the method for Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting rooting rate: step (7) is described insert after
The method of condition control and management is preferably: to the cuttings after cuttage using the moisturizing of auto spraying method, making relative air humidity control
For system 90% or more, temperature control is at 42 DEG C and continues 45d.
The invention discloses a kind of methods that suitable industrial seedling rearing quickly improves Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting rooting rate, should
Method has the advantage that is with beneficial effect:
1, the method for the present invention is bred for stiff wood, and cuttings concentration is 75% ethyl alcohol+800mg/L NAA+400mg/L IBA
It is quickly dipped, and high humidity high temperature method is used, it effectively prevents polluting, makes cuttage root-taking high survival rate up to 98.3% or more, significantly improve
Cuttage survival rate.
2, Fraxinus velutina hardwood cutting and seedling raising method disclosed by the invention, without overwintering Sand culture, method is easy, saves
Shi Shenggong is easily promoted and applied, and rooting efficiency is good, and seedling raise period is short, it can be achieved that extensive nursery production, it is white to solve villus
The technical problem of wax hardwood cutting breeding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: 1 month cuttage rooting.
Fig. 2: 3 months cuttage rootings.
Fig. 3: the upgrowth situation of 1 month root of cuttage.
Fig. 4: the upgrowth situation of 3 months roots of cuttage.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) greenhouse is arranged: plastic foil scaffolding, top are covered with shading net, and automated spray, water system is good, and draining is logical
Freely.
(2) cutting medium design and preparation: cutting medium is by perlite: frog stone: coco bran is mixed in the ratio that volume is 4:2:1
Conjunction is made, and is carried out disinfection sterilizing before cuttage for 24 hours with 1 000 times of carbendazim.
(3) sabot: the matrix disinfected being dispensed into 4 × 4 × 8cm seedlings nursing plate, is sprinkled profoundly water, spare.
(4) prepared by cuttings: March 28, acquiring healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm the, age was that the stiff branch of 1-2 is cuttings,
Branch average length is 8~12cm, acquires 200 cuttings.For branch upper end clip away from straight snips at upper 1~2cm of bud, lower clip is oblique
It cuts;
(5) Pretreatment: the cuttings concentration trimmed is 75% ethyl alcohol+800mg/LNAA+400mg/L IBA speed
It dips in, can be used to cuttage.
(6) cottage method: pretreated cuttings is inserted into matrix, and cuttage depth is 6cm, is then sprinkled profoundly water, and will
Matrix compacting around cuttings and jack;
(7) it is managed after inserting: using the moisturizing of auto spraying method, making relative air humidity control 90% or more, temperature controls
In 42 DEG C of lasting 45d, to improve cuttage survival rate.
(8) after cuttage 45d, Kei removes shading net, carries out full exposure hardening.
As a result it counts, rooting rate 98.3%.
Embodiment 2
In addition to cuttings processing concentration is that 75% ethyl alcohol+900mg/LNAA+450mg/L IBA is quickly dipped, remaining operation and reality
It is identical to apply example 1, statistical result after 45d, rooting rate 98.1%.
Embodiment 3
In addition to managing relative air humidity control after inserting 90% or more, temperature is controlled at 40 DEG C, remaining operation and implementation
Example 1 is identical, statistical result after 45d, and rooting rate is rooting rate 98.0%.
Embodiment 4
In addition to cuttings processing is quickly dipped with 1000mg/L IBA, 1000mg/L NAA and 1000mg/L ABT1 respectively, remaining behaviour
Make same as Example 1, statistical result after 45d, rooting rate is respectively 53.6%, 64.7 and 73.8%.
Embodiment 5
Preparing in addition to cutting medium is respectively perlite or perlite: vermiculite: turf volume ratio is 2:2:1, remaining operation
Same as Example 1, statistical result after 45d, rooting rate is respectively 79.5% and 81.8%.
Embodiment 6
In addition to 60% or more, temperature is controlled at 24-28 DEG C for management relative air humidity control after inserting, remaining operation with it is real
It is identical to apply example 1, statistical result after 45d, rooting rate is rooting rate 11.3%.