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CN109154260A - Fuel injector for burning type engine - Google Patents

Fuel injector for burning type engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109154260A
CN109154260A CN201780025572.7A CN201780025572A CN109154260A CN 109154260 A CN109154260 A CN 109154260A CN 201780025572 A CN201780025572 A CN 201780025572A CN 109154260 A CN109154260 A CN 109154260A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel
actuator
fuel injector
conductor
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201780025572.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN109154260B (en
Inventor
X·拉莱
B·班伯内
C·塔潘
J-L·贝多诺
L·多拉杜克斯
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Finia Delphi Luxembourg Ltd
Original Assignee
Delphi Intellectual Property Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of CN109154260A publication Critical patent/CN109154260A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109154260B publication Critical patent/CN109154260B/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/005Arrangement of electrical wires and connections, e.g. wire harness, sockets, plugs; Arrangement of electronic control circuits in or on fuel injection apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/005Measuring or detecting injection-valve lift, e.g. to determine injection timing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种燃料喷射器具有:头部,该头部适合于提供往返于ECU的连接件,以给致动器选择性供能以开始和停止燃料喷射脉冲;燃料供应连接件,该燃料供应连接件用于将燃料以升高的压力供应到所述喷射器内;用于使燃料以低压返回的燃料返回连接件;燃料喷射喷嘴,该喷嘴具有设置在阀引导件的一端处的至少一个喷嘴开口;阀构件,该阀构件可在限定于所述阀引导件内的腔室中移动,并且被偏压以抵靠阀座而关闭并且抑制通过喷嘴进行燃料喷射,并且在所述阀腔室内从所述阀座移开以通过所述喷嘴喷射燃料。设置用于通过电气变化检测所述喷嘴是打开还是关闭的回路。所述回路包括:导体,该导体在所述喷射器的本体的外部区域中或者经过用于所述致动器的隔离构件在所述燃料喷射器的头部之间延伸至大体位于所述致动器的头部端处的位置;接触构件,该接触构件位于所述致动器的头部端处并与所述导体保持电接触;和弹性电气链路,该弹性电气链路在所述接触构件与所述阀构件和所述阀引导件中的一者之间延伸。

A fuel injector has: a head adapted to provide a connection to and from an ECU to selectively energize an actuator to start and stop a fuel injection pulse; a fuel supply connection a fuel return connection for supplying fuel at elevated pressure into the injector; a fuel return connection for returning fuel at low pressure; a fuel injection nozzle having at least one nozzle opening provided at one end of the valve guide a valve member movable in a chamber defined within the valve guide and biased to close against a valve seat and inhibit fuel injection through the nozzle, and within the valve chamber from all The valve seat is moved away to inject fuel through the nozzle. A circuit is provided for detecting whether the nozzle is open or closed through an electrical change. The circuit includes a conductor extending between the heads of the fuel injector in an outer region of the body of the injector or between the heads of the fuel injector through an isolation member for the actuator to be generally located at the injector. a position at the head end of the actuator; a contact member located at the head end of the actuator and in electrical contact with the conductor; and a resilient electrical link at the head end of the actuator A contact member extends between one of the valve member and the valve guide.

Description

Fuel injector for burning type engine
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel injectors for burning type engine.
It is more particularly related to a kind of fuel injector, which includes head, which is equipped with Electric connector, the electric connector are suitable for providing the connector for travelling to and fro between ECU, selectively to supply via electrical connector to actuator Can, to start and stop fuel injection pulses;Fuel supplies connector, which supplies connector and be used for fuel with raised Pressure is supplied in the injector;Fuel loopback connector for returning to fuel with low pressure;Fuel injection nozzle component, The component includes the nozzle body for being equipped with nozzle opening at one end;In the nozzle between upper guiding elements and upward guide piece The valve member axially guided in ontology, the valve member is suitable for being biased and closing against valve seat, and inhibits to wear It crosses nozzle opening and carries out fuel injection, or removed from the valve seat and enable to carry out fuel spray across the nozzle opening It penetrates;Fuel is sent to the nozzle opening from the supply connector by fuel passage, the fuel passage;From the fuel passage It is projected into the chamber to one end far from the valve seat of the branch of control chamber, the valve member, thus the chamber In fuel pressure the valve member is pushed towards the valve seat when the nozzle is in the closed position;And control valve, The control valve is operated by the actuator to allow fuel to be sent to the loopback connector from control chamber, thus described in reduction Pressure in chamber, and the valve member can be made to remove from the valve seat when the nozzle is in an open position, thus The fuel injection is allowed for,
Such fuel injector is known per se, and actuator can actually be solenoid type actuator Or piezoelectric actuator.Regardless of the specific design of used actuator, fuel is guided from branch to loopback connector The operation of control valve reduces the operating pressure in chamber, and removes valve member from valve seat in nozzle open position, thus Make it possible to form fuel injection pulses.
Once closing control valve by the signal for being sent to actuator from ECU, then the pressure in branch increases again, The pressure increase thus operated on the end face of valve member, to again push valve member towards valve seat.As described above, Valve member is usually by spring such as compression helical spring by towards valve seat bias, thus once from the raised of branch Fuel pressure acts on the end face of valve member, and the valve member is just always mobile to closing direction.Once passing through valve member seal Nozzle is closed against valve seat, then the net liquid pressure operated on valve member is just towards valve seat.The reason of such case is valve structure The area more than the valve seat that effect plays the role of fuel pressure in the chamber of part is less than the end that valve member has same pressure The area in face.The power obtained together with the power of biasing device, which is always enough to overcome, to be acted in the combustion side of valve seat by nozzle opening The power of combustion pressure on valve member and keep valve member to contact with valve seat.
The currently known control that fuel injection apparatus and injection events are obtained by so-called closure control method it is main It improves, which allows to precisely control the opening and closing of fuel injector, and therefore more accurately Control the fuel injection amount in each injection pulse.This method (control method by electronic control unit (ECU) execute, The electronic control unit controls the operation of the fuel injection apparatus especially control valve of fuel injector) in, fuel injector is set There is closed-loop device, which makes it possible to generate electric signal when the valve member reaches closed position.In other implementations In mode, when valve member is located at fully open position, which can also take particular value.This closing device generally includes Needle is electrically insulated relative to nozzle body, but mobile placement surface and fixed in position face carry out electrical conduction each other.In this way, needle Electric switch component with nozzle body as electric loop matches, the electric switch when the needle is located at closed position Members close, and the electric switch component is opened when the needle is located at emission mode or is located at fully open position.As a result, 0-1 step signal can be measured and the electricity of control fuel injection apparatus can be input to using the step signal as feedback signal In sub-control unit (ECU), the feedback signal is considered in the parameter of the control algolithm of fuel injection apparatus.
Had been disclosed in PCT/EP 2014/073662, FR1456783 and FR1457078 this closing device as Under various embodiments.
Before us in invention described in undocumented UK application GB1541007.5, it is equipped with nozzle assembly, wherein Electric loop includes needle, nozzle body, isolating device, when needle is located in emission mode between the open and closed positions The isolating device prevents from being in electrical contact between needle member and nozzle body, so as to carry out contact inspection between two placement surfaces The electric signal of survey can determine whether valve member contacts with valve base sealing.This allows to more accurately to each fuel injection arteries and veins The beginning and end of punching is timed.
Basic goal of the invention is to provide advantageous arrangement for electrical path and improve the fuel spray for starting said type Emitter, the electrical path being used to transmit electric switch signal by injector, be beaten with will pass through electrical change to detect nozzle On or off is closed.According to the present invention, the fuel injector for starting said type includes beating for detecting nozzle by electrical change The circuit closed is opened or closed, the circuit extends between electric connector and upper guiding elements, and the circuit includes elastomeric electrical chain Road.
For elastomeric electrical link of the invention, it may be considered that various designs.
Thus, in an embodiment of the invention, the elastomeric electrical link easily includes rigid conductor component With at least one the axial elasticity conductor component being arranged in series with the rigid conductor component.The axial elasticity conductor component It may include spring contact member.This can take the form of elastic element such as helical spring or leaf spring, or can be by bullet Property be supported on solid contact pin-shaped on the rigid conductor component at the solid contact pin is, for example, to have hollow ends Conducting rod or pipe, hollow ends support pushes out the helical spring of the contact plug.The elastomeric electrical link removes Insulator is both provided in the free end of the contact plug.
The design ensures always to obtain good electrical contact, but regardless of manufacturing tolerance how, and avoid provide hard solder or Crimp the needs of connector.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the elastomeric electrical chain routing helical spring is formed.This is a reality Now get up relatively inexpensive embodiment.
The helical spring can all have elasticity over the whole length, or may include: the coil with contact First part, the first part do not have axial elasticity;And second part, wherein the coil of the spring is separated from each other, The second part has elasticity.
In another embodiment, the helical spring for forming the elastomeric electrical link is further provided with third portion Point, the spring coil of the Part III is separated from each other, thus the Part III has axial elasticity.In this design, The first part is the center portion of the helical spring, the second part be the spring with the upper guiding elements The end section of contact, and the Part III is the opposite ends portion with contact member electrical contact of the spring Point.The helical spring is easily generated except the end of electrical contact all with the upper guiding elements at it with the contact member Equipped with insulator.
It in one embodiment, is the circuit that opens or closes into one for detecting the nozzle by electrical change Step includes: conductor, which is arranged in the head for being generally located at the actuator along the electrical connector for the actuator Position at end: contact member, the contact member are located at the head end of the actuator and keep being in electrical contact with the conductor; With the elastomeric electrical link, which extends axially to along the actuator from the contact member described Upper guiding elements.
The arrangement reflects following fact: arrangement of the actuator relative to the ontology of the fuel injector, described electrical Link is relative to the Angle Position of the actuator and the conductor between the actuator insulating element and the actuator Joint relative position, may be changed when assembling fuel injector due to manufacturing tolerance.By using tool There is the contact member of enough area range, can be avoided the electric Contacts due to caused by alignment tolerance.
The longitudinal axis that the conductor and the elastomeric electrical link are parallel to the actuator is directed toward, but need not be each other It unanimously, but can radial deflection relative to each other.
In a basic embodiment of the invention, the electrical connector for the actuator easily by means of It extends through the insulating element of axial hole and is electrically isolated from each other, the axial hole is arranged between the head and the actuator In the ejector body, and for detecting the institute that the nozzle is the circuit opened or closed by electrical change Insulated electric conductor is stated easily to be arranged in the insulating element along the electrical connector for reaching the actuator.
Therefore, the connector between the actuator and head can extend across the head and the actuator it Between axial hole or one or more axial parallel holes in the insulating element for actuator that extends, and it is described for detecting The conductor in the circuit of the closing of valve member can extend through a hole in the same hole or the axial hole, or extend through Cross another hole being axially directed to of the insulating element.This makes it possible to realize compact Layout and electrical fitting is facilitated to arrive ECU (control unit of engine) up at the head for being located at the injector.
In basic alternative embodiment of the invention, the electrical fitting for the actuator is by means of extending through The insulating element of axial hole and be electrically isolated from each other, the axial hole is arranged between the head and the actuator in injector sheet In body, and for by electrical change detect the nozzle be the circuit opened or closed insulated electric conductor along it is described every From the outside that component is arranged in the insulating element.
In the embodiment of invention as described above, for by electrical change detect the nozzle be open or The end of the insulated electric conductor in the circuit of closing and the head are bent approximate right angle (i.e. far from the head) on the contrary, with contact The contact member.
The contact member is easily designed to be generally disposed at the disk component on the head of the actuator, the disk With the upper surface or lower surface being in electrical contact with the conductor, and the lower surface and the elastomeric electrical link are in electrical contact. For fuel injector and for detecting the assembling that the nozzle is the electric loop opened or closed by electrical change For it is particularly advantageous.
The disk is equipped with the nose for extending radially past the actuator, the elastomeric electrical link and institute with can be convenient State the bottom surface contact of nose.
It can be convenient ground melting welding for detecting the conductor that the nozzle is the circuit opened or closed by electrical change Or soft soldering is to the disk.
The elastomeric electrical link ensures and the corresponding one in the contact member and the valve member or valve guiding piece Well contacted, but regardless of it is in use it is possible occur it is thermally grown how.
The contact member preferably includes substantially coaxial with the actuator and is enclosed in the head and the actuating The axial disk of the axial isolation component for the actuator extended between device.The axial direction disk at least can be suitable for solving The conductor and the electrical chain are easily contacted on the angular range of the misalignment of the end of the conductor and the electric link Road.
In this arrangement, the contact member can be surrounded the compression spiral for the insulating element of the actuator Spring is pushed and is contacted with the end at the head end of the actuator of the conductor.The embodiment is compact, Assembling is simple, and implements relatively inexpensive.
The elastomeric electrical link ensures and the corresponding one in the contact member and the valve member or valve guiding piece Well contacted, but regardless of it is in use it is possible occur it is thermally grown how.
It in one embodiment, is the circuit edge opened or closed for detecting the nozzle by electrical change The straight direction of and radial deflection parallel with the longitudinal axis of the injector extend, head of the circuit from the injector Portion extends to the upper guiding elements.
The present invention can be used together with various actuators such as solenoid with piezoelectric actuator.
Finally, being to open also for detecting the nozzle by electrical change in particularly preferred design of the invention Be the electric loop closed include in the region with valve seat cooperation for be applied to the valve seat and the valve member at least One or the resistive coating being applied on the element combined in the valve member, such as diamond-like coating (DLC).
The conductor does not need centainly to be conducted through the insulating element for the actuator.For example, the conductor can be with The axis that the actuator is parallel in the perimeter of the ontology of the actuator is directed toward.In this case, described to connect Touching component may include conductive plate or be radially directed towards element, and the electric link include with the axis of the valve member substantially In parallel but apart from the axis than insulated conductive element that the conductor is substantially further arranged.Thus, it is radially directed towards Contact member facilitates the radial deflection between the conductor and the electric link.
Now with reference to embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings, only the present invention will be described in more detail by way of example, Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the axial section of fuel injector according to the present invention;
Fig. 2A shows the detailed axial sectional view of the center portion of the fuel injector of Fig. 1, and example in an enlarged scale The arrangement in the circuit for detecting nozzle opening and closing is shown;
Fig. 2 B shows the detailed axial sectional view of the center portion of the fuel injector similar to Fig. 1 in an enlarged scale, And the resilient link in the circuit for detecting nozzle opening and closing uses alternative design;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic version of the alternative embodiment of Fig. 1, wherein the conductor in the circuit is sprayed for fuel Extend to the insulating element outer radial of the actuator of emitter, wherein Fig. 3 A instantiates component, and Fig. 3 B shows to be easy to manage The circuit for solving and being separated with emitter construction, and Fig. 3 C shows the axial view for taking the contact member of conductive disk-form.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic version of the alternative embodiment of Fig. 1, and wherein the conductor in circuit is being used for fuel injector Actuator isolation element outer radial extend, wherein Fig. 4 A instantiates component, and Fig. 4 B shows to be easy to manage The circuit for solving and being separated with emitter construction;And
Fig. 5 shows another alternative embodiment of Fig. 1, and wherein the conductor in circuit is in the actuating for fuel injector Extend to the outer radial of device, wherein Fig. 5 A instantiates component, for easy understanding Fig. 5 B shows and divides with emitter construction The circuit opened, and Fig. 5 C shows the conductor of the interface between insulating element and actuator for actuator.
Turning now to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A, it can be seen that fuel injector 10, the fuel injector 10 have head 12, the head Portion 12 is equipped with electric connector 14, which is suitable for providing the connector 15 for travelling to and fro between ECU, via electrical connector 15, it 102 is selectively energized to actuator 18, to start and stop fuel injection pulses.Fuel supplies the setting of connector 20 and exists At head 12, to supply fuel to injector 10 with raised pressure.Fuel loopback connector 22 is set so that fuel is with low Pressure is back to the fuel storage box 24 schematically shown.At one end opposite with head 12, injector 10 is sprayed with fuel Nozzle assembly 26 is penetrated, which has the nozzle body 41 for being equipped with nozzle opening 28 at one end.Valve structure Part 32 is axially being guided between upper guiding elements 31 and upward guide piece 29 in nozzle body 41.Valve member 32 be suitable for by 36 bias of compression helical spring, with against valve seat 38 close, and inhibit across nozzle opening 28 carry out fuel injection or from Valve seat 38, which is removed, to be enabled to carry out fuel injection across nozzle opening 28.Valve seat 38 is arranged in the surface of nozzle opening 28 In upward guide piece 29.Fuel is sent to nozzle opening 28 from supply connector 20 by fuel passage 42.Branch's (not shown) from Fuel passage 42 leads to control chamber 34, and one end 33 of the separate valve seat 38 of valve member 32 is projected into chamber 34.Chamber Fuel pressure in 34 pushes valve member 32 towards valve seat 38 when nozzle is in the closed position.Control valve 52 is by actuator 18 Operation thus reduces chamber to allow fuel to be sent to loopback connector 22 from control chamber 34 (via unshowned access) Pressure in 34 is enable to so that valve member 32 can remove and reach the open position of nozzle from valve seat 38 Carry out fuel injection.The fuel injector further comprises time opened or closed for detecting nozzle by electrical change Road.The circuit extends between electric connector 14 and upper guiding elements 31, and including elastomeric electrical link 126.
In design shown in Fig. 1, nozzle body 41 includes separated coaxially arranged upper guiding elements 29 and lower guidance Component 31.However, upper guiding elements 29 and lower guiding elements 31 need not be separated component, on the contrary, they can be with a portion Part is formed.
It is either designed using single part design or double components, valve member 32 all has generally conical sealing surfaces 40, which is seated on the generally conical valve seat 38 of lower valve guiding elements 29.When control valve 52 is operated to reduce When pressure in chamber 34, valve member 32 can move in chamber 34 from valve seat 38 under the influence of the fuel pressure in access 42 It opens, carries out fuel injection to pass through nozzle opening 28, that is, inject fuel into the cylinder of relative combustion formula engine (not shown) It is interior.
The basic operation of fuel injector is known to those skilled in the art, therefore will not further be retouched It states.
Usually height is supplied to fuel injector 10 from the common rail 54 (being only shown in FIG. 1) of relevant engine (not shown) Pressurized fuel.By being located at the low-lift pump 56 in fuel tank 24 or located and being fired by high-pressure pump 58 from fuel tank 24 to 54 feed of common rail Material, so that raised fuel pressure prevailing at fuel supply connector 20 is about 2000 bars or more.As is known, it is firing Expect that in supply system may include one or more filters and fuel shut-off valve (being not shown).Moreover, starting in multi cylinder In machine, each cylinder is equipped with corresponding fuel injector 10, and these fuel injectors are connected to the common rail.
It will see from Fig. 1, nozzle assembly 26 and control valve group 52 are located in cap nut 96, and actuator 18 and are connected to The conducting wire 14 of the actuator is located in the hole being drilled in NHB 92 (nozzle holding ontology), the cap nut be connected through a screw thread and It is connected to the hole.Actuator 18, the joint of control valve 52 and valve guiding elements 29,31 between them have retrofit Matching surface, these matching surfaces are kept together in a manner of fuel encapsulation by cap nut 96, and the cap nut 96, which has, to be connect Close the internal screw thread 98 of the external screw thread 100 on NHB 92.Because of the construction and related manufacturing tolerance, actuator 18 relative to Control valve 52 and nozzle assembly 26 may always have slightly angular misalignment, this makes it difficult to ensure that at the head of actuator 12 Electrical connection between nozzle assembly and ECU connector.
Electric parameter (the meeting when valve member 32 is removed from valve seat 38 and engages valve seat 38 at expectation detection nozzle assembly This electric parameter occurs) when, 16 necessarily have electrical connection from nozzle assembly to ECU, so that ECU 16 is capable of handling the variation And the operation and the therefore operation of control fuel injector 10 for precisely controlling the control valve 52 using the variation.It is used to The electric loop for detecting the variation needs two connectors.A connector in the two connectors is easy to pass through fuel injection The material of device is embodied as earth connection, which is connected to the ground connections for the actuator 18, and via A conducting wire in conducting wire 14 reaches ECU from ground connections or reaches the public affairs of ECU by cap nut 96 and/or NHB 92 Altogether.Another electrical fitting must be insulated connecting piece, and insulated connecting piece needs are connected to via by fuel injector The privates 17 of ECU is conducted by fuel injector.Here it is so-called closed loop electric conductor, which is connected to ground Part makes it possible to carry out closed-loop control to control valve 52 together, and therefore being capable of opening and closing (i.e. valve structure to valve member 32 Movement of the part 32 away and towards valve seat 38) carry out closed-loop control.
The different modes of closed loop connection path are realized now with reference to attached drawing discussion, which, which forms, is used for The insulated part that nozzle is the circuit opened or closed is detected by electrical change.
In the design shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A, the closed loop galvanic circle diameter in the circuit includes insulated electric conductor 110, this is absolutely Edge conductor 110 from the head of fuel injector 12 extend through the medium pore 112 for actuator 18 in insulating element 102 and Reach the position for being generally located at the head end 114 of actuator 18.
It is noted that insulating element 102 is actually a part of actuator 18, and substantially control actuator The post forming part of the insulating resin of the blade or conducting wire 15 of (solenoid) 18.
In the design of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A, (radially outward refer to across the insulated electric conductor 110 of medium pore 112 is bend radially outward To part 116), and below the plate-like contact member 118 at the head end of actuator 114.It is isolated including surrounding The contact member 118 of the axial disk of component 102 is in this embodiment compression helical spring pressure by actuator fastening spring 120 It leans against on the end 116 of electric conductor 110.Spring 120 surrounds the actuator insulating element 102 in the recess portion 122 of NHB, and props up It holds on insulation spacer 124, which is again squeezed into plate-like contact member 116 electricity of crooked end with conductor 110 Contact is removed from the crooked end 116 by insulation.Structure is isolated with the armature of actuator 18 and actuator in plate-like contact member 118 Part 102 is insulated by electrical insulator appropriate (not showing in fig. 1 and 2).Conductor 110 is made of plain conductor, and leads to It crosses in shrink sleeve or the insulating resin by being over molded to insulating element 102 and insulate, form the spiral shell of actuator A part of spool.It can also abreast be positioned with solenoid pilot 15, and at the same time utilizing resin post forming.? In this case, all these conducting wires all pass through the medium pore 112 of insulating element 102, and conductor 110 is also exhausted with conducting wire 15 Edge.This can be realized particularly compact arrangement.
Electrical contact with crooked end 116 occurs in the inner radial of contact member 118.
The radially outer of plate-like contact member 118 in contact member 118 and valve member 32 and valve guiding elements 31 The dielectric resilience electric link 126 extended between one is in electrical contact.In this case, it passes through the ontology positioned at control valve 52 Outside in the hole that is axially directed to of the central axis for being parallel to control valve 52 be connected to valve guiding elements 31.It will be recognized that Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B design in, electrical contact and electricity between the bending part 116 and contact member 118 of conductor 110 The angle of contact between gas link 116 and contact member 118 for electric link 126 and conductor 110 (i.e. its curved end 116) Misalignment is highly sensitive.
It is further envisioned that can be by 110 melting welding of conductor or hard solder to contact member 118.
The design so that insulation electrical link pass through NBH 92, obliquely across valve guiding piece 30 top 31 in hole, It then passes through valve member 32 and reaches the conical seating surface 40 of valve member 32.Layer or insulating layer (not shown) are arranged in circular cone At shape seating surface 40 or be arranged at the conical matching seat of valve guiding piece, and the electrical response of this layer or these layers in The contact pressure of valve seat 38 of the valve member at lower valve guiding elements 29 and change.Lower valve guiding elements 29 and cap nut 96 and NHB 92 together forms the earth connection of ECU.It is necessary, of course, between valve member 32 and upper lower valve guiding elements 29,31 Insulator is set at the other points that may be in contact between these elements, for example, in valve member 32 close to the sliding of its lower end At surface (lower end is for guiding valve member 32 in lower valve guiding elements 29).
In the design with two component valve guiding pieces, it is necessary to be guided between valve member 32 and top 31 and in upper valve Insulating layer is set between component 31 and lower valve guiding elements 29 and any dependency structure, thus the electric circuit that existence anduniquess limits Diameter.
In this way, the closed loop link enables ECU to measure the resistance at valve seat 38 between valve member 32 and valve seat 38.It returns The return path on road reaches the ground structure of fuel injector by valve member 32 and eventually arrives at ECU 16.
At least one of resistance variations, potential change and curent change can be by the electrical change that ECU is detected.
Elastomeric electrical link 126 can be realized in different ways.The embodiments of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A In, resilient link 126 easily include rigid conductor component 130 and be arranged in series with the rigid conductor 130 at least one Axial elasticity conductor component 134.The axial elasticity conductor component may include spring contact member 134.This can take elasticity The form of element such as helical spring or leaf spring, or can be formed as shown in figure 1 and 2 a by means of solid contact pin and It is resiliently supported at rigid conductor component 130.In this example, rigid conductor component be catheter shaft with hollow end or Tank, hollow end support the helical spring (not shown) for pushing out contact plug 134.Elastomeric electrical link in addition to contact plug from Insulator is both provided with by end.
Fig. 2 B shows the alternative design of resilient link 126, but in other aspects with the basic phase of the design of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A Together, so that fuel injector 10 need not will repeats and the incoherent details of resilient link, it will be appreciated that description before is also suitble to In Fig. 2 B.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2 B, elastomeric electrical link 126 is helical spring 136.The helical spring 136 includes: A part 138, the first part 138 have the coil of contact, and thus the part is at least no axial elasticity in terms of compression 's;With second part 140, wherein the coil of spring is opened away from each other, and thus the second part is equal in terms of compression and stretching With elasticity.In the design of Fig. 2 B, helical spring 136 is further provided with Part III 142, wherein the coil of spring is each other It keeps away from, thus Part III 142 also has axial elasticity in such a way that second part 140 is identical.As shown, first part 138 be the center portion of the helical spring 136, and second part 140 is the end section that the spring is contacted with upper guiding elements 31, And Part III 142 is the opposite end portions that the spring 136 and contact member 118 are in electrical contact.However, it is thus not essential to it is arranged three A different piece, but can only be arranged two, one is rigid, and one is being sufficient for elasticity.Elastic part is located at Where is not important, it can be located at the either end of rigid element, or actually be centrally disposed in two rigid elements Between.Obviously, helical spring contacts the contact member 118 and the end of valve member 32 needs to expose to ensure to be in electrical contact, Otherwise they will be separated by the structure of electrical insulator appropriate and fuel injector 10.Carrying out a this separated mode is Electric link 126 is surrounded using insulation shrinkage pipe.
In the alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C, conductor 110 is in the outside of the insulating element 102 of actuator 18 Axis in region 132 with actuator 18 points parallel to.Contact member 118 equally may include axial disk.In such case Under, conductor 110 easily melting welding or hard solder to plate-like contact member 118 inner radial.It can be to describe referring to Figures 1 and 2 The electric link 126 that designs of any mode easily disc shaped contact member 118 radial outer region.Institute in Fig. 3 C The amplification end view of the plate-like contact member 118 with nose 119 shown shows the design for insulated electric conductor 110 and electrical The angular misalignment of link 126 is also insensitive.Equally, all components all insulate to prevent the unnecessary connection with ground.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show another embodiment, wherein insulating element 102 of the insulated electric conductor 110 in actuator 18 Perimeter 132 in be equally parallel to actuator 18 axis X be directed toward.Here, contact member 118 includes being radially directed towards member Part, and electric link 126 includes insulated conductive element, and which is in substantially parallel relationship to the axis cloth of valve guiding piece 30 It sets, but is located at the bigger radius of insulated electric conductor 110.In this embodiment, insulated electric conductor 110, insulated contact component 118 Entirety can be made for insulation electrical link 126.Electric link 126 preferably has Elastic Contact with upper valve guiding elements 31.
Finally, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 C shows another alternative embodiment, wherein insulated electric conductor 110 is again passed through for causing The central axial aperture 112 of the insulating element 102 of dynamic device 18.Interface between insulating element 102 and actuator 18, insulator It is equally bent outwardly, is bent outwardly end 116 to be formed.In this embodiment, plate-like contact member, which is equally compressed against, leads On the exposure conductive surface of body 110.This is configured similarly to construction shown in Fig. 2, and is used for the spiral bullet of clamp actuators Spring can equally act on plate-like contact member 118 via insulation spacer, but these details are not shown in the figure.So And Fig. 5 A shows with Fig. 5 B and is connected to the connector 15 of ECU and is located in the parallel hole of the corresponding axial direction of insulating element 102, this Some holes and the medium pore 112 for accommodating closed loop link 104 separate but are parallel to the medium pore 112.Thus, the embodiment and figure 1 and Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B embodiment the difference is that, plate-like contact member 118 is melt herein is welded to electrically conductive links 126, and conducting wire 15 and conductor 110 extend in the separated hole of supporting member.
The invention further relates to the fuel injectors 10 of a kind of described type combined with ECU 16, wherein from The actuator 18 of ECU 16 to fuel injector 10 has the first and second connectors 15, a connection in the connector 15 Part is ground connections, and another connector is mains connection, and there are also be used for the circuit (closed loop link 104) It is connected to the third connector 17 of ECU 16.
In this specification when to upward or downward or up or down carry out referring to or using rise or it is related state when, it should It is understood as referring to the vertical position of the fuel injector when nozzle opening 28 is located at bottom.However, this is not meant to fire Material ejector cannot be used with other orientations, and should not carry out restricted explanation.
It is described to contact that the decline that the conductor is located at the actuator end of insulating element can be bent approximate right angle Contact member.This is the relatively easy design for being easy to allow misalignment.
Reference signs list
10 fuel injectors
The head of 12 fuel injectors
14 electric connectors
15 from ECU 16 to the connector of actuator 18
16 ECU
17 from closed loop link to ECU 16 connector
18 actuators, solenoid or piezoelectric element
The fuel of 20 to fuel injector 10 supplies connector
22 are originated from the fuel loopback connector of fuel injector 10
24 fuel storage box
26 nozzle assemblies
28 nozzle openings
The lower part of 29 valve guiding pieces 30
The top of 31 valve guiding pieces 30
32 valve members, needle
The end of 33 valve members 32
Chamber in 34 valve guiding pieces 30
36 are biased towards valve member 32 on the spring of valve seat 38
38 valve seats
The generally conical sealing surfaces of 40 valve members 32
41 nozzle bodies
42 fuel passages
52 control valves
54 common rails
56 low-lift pumps
58 high-pressure pumps
The nozzle of 92 fuel injectors 10 keeps ontology
The lower part of 94 fuel injectors 10
96 cap nuts
The internal screw thread of 98 sleeve nuts 96
The external screw thread of the outer sleeve 106 on 100 tops 92
102 insulation electrical connectors
The insulated electric conductor of 110 closure links
The medium pore of 112 insulating elements 102
The head end of 114 actuators 18
The bend radially outward end of 116 conductors 110
The contact member of 118 closure links
120 are used for the helical spring of clamp actuators 18
122 accommodate the recess portion in the outer sleeve 106 of helical spring 120
124 gaskets
126 elastomeric electrical links
The rigid element of 130 closed loop links 126
The perimeter of 132 insulating elements 102
134 spring contact members
136 form the helical spring of elastomeric electrical link 126
The first part of 138 helical springs 136
The second part of 140 helical springs 136
The Part III of 142 helical springs 136

Claims (16)

1. a kind of fuel injector (10), which is included
Head (12), the head (12) are equipped with electric connector (14), which, which is suitable for providing, travels to and fro between ECU (16) connector (15), to selectively be energized via electrical connector (15,102) to actuator (18), to start and stop Fuel injection pulses;
Fuel supplies connector (20), and fuel supply connector (20) is used to fuel being supplied to the combustion to increase pressure In material ejector (10);
Fuel loopback connector (22) for returning to fuel with low pressure;
Fuel injection nozzle (26) component, the component include
It is equipped with the nozzle body (41) of nozzle opening (28) at one end;
The valve axially guided in the nozzle body (41) between upper guiding elements (31) and upward guide piece (29) Component (32), the valve member (32) are suitable for being biased and closing and inhibit through the nozzle opening against valve seat (38) (28) fuel injection is carried out, or is removed from the valve seat (38) fuel spray can be carried out by the nozzle opening (28) It penetrates;
Fuel is sent to the nozzle from fuel supply connector (20) by fuel passage (42), the fuel passage (42) It is open (28);
From the fuel passage (42) to the branch of control chamber (34), separate the valve seat (38) of the valve member (32) One end be projected into the control chamber (34), so that the fuel pressure in control chamber (34) is in the nozzle The valve member (32) is pushed towards the valve seat (38) when closed position;And
Control valve (52), the control valve (52) are operated by the actuator (18) to allow fuel to transmit from control chamber (34) To the fuel loopback connector (22), the pressure in control chamber (34) is thus reduced, and is in the nozzle When open position the valve member (32) can be removed from the valve seat (38), be enable to carry out the fuel spray It penetrates,
It is characterized in that, it is to open also that the fuel injector, which further comprises for detecting the nozzle by electrical change, It is the circuit closed, the circuit extends between the electric connector (14) and the upper guiding elements (31), the circuit Including elastomeric electrical link (126).
2. fuel injector (10) according to claim 1, wherein the elastomeric electrical link (126) includes that rigidity is led Body component (130) and at least one the axial elasticity conductor component being arranged in series with the rigid conductor component (130) (134)。
3. fuel injector (10) according to claim 2, wherein the circuit further comprises: conductor (110), it should Conductor (110) is arranged in along the electrical connector (15,102) for the actuator and is generally located at the actuator (18) Head end at position;Contact member (118), the contact member (118) are located at the head end of the actuator (18) Place keeps being in electrical contact with the conductor (110);With the elastomeric electrical link (126), the elastomeric electrical link (126) along The actuator extends axially to the upper guiding elements (31) from the contact member (118).
4. fuel injector (10) according to claim 3, wherein the conductor (110) and the elastomeric electrical link (126) longitudinal axis (X) for being parallel to the actuator is directed toward.
5. fuel injector (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein described for the actuator (18) is electrically connected Fitting (15) is electrically isolated from each other by means of extending through the insulating element (102) of axial hole (112), and the axial hole (112) exists It is arranged in the ejector body between the head (12) and the actuator (18), and wherein for the circuit The conductor (110) of insulation is arranged in the insulating element (102) along the electric link (15).
6. fuel injector (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein described for the actuator (18) is electrically connected Fitting (15) is electrically isolated from each other by means of extending through the insulating element (102) of axial hole (112), and the axial hole (112) exists It is arranged in the ejector body between the head (12) and the actuator (18), and wherein for the circuit The conductor (110) of insulation is arranged in the outside of the insulating element (102) along the insulating element (102).
7. fuel injector (10) according to any one of claim 3 to 6, wherein the conductor (110) of insulation The end (116) opposite with the head (12) is bent with approximate right angle to contact the contact member (118).
8. the fuel injector (10) according to any one of claim 3 or 6, wherein the contact member (118) is big Body is arranged in the disk component on the head of the actuator (18), and the disk (118) has to be in electrical contact with the conductor (110) Upper surface or lower surface, and the lower surface and the elastomeric electrical link (126) are in electrical contact.
9. fuel injector (10) according to claim 8, wherein the disk (118) is described equipped with extending radially past The nose (119) of actuator, the elastomeric electrical link (126) contact with the bottom surface of the nose (119).
10. the fuel injector according to any one of claim 3 to 9 (10), wherein the conductor (110) is by melting welding Or soft soldering is to the disk (118).
11. the fuel injector according to any one of claim 3 to 9 (10), wherein contact member (118) quilt Compressed spring (120) pushes and the end at the head end of the actuator (18) with the conductor (110) (116) it contacts.
12. fuel injector (10) according to any one of claim 1 or 2, wherein the circuit along with the combustion The longitudinal axis (X) of material ejector is parallel and the straight direction of radial deflection extends, and the circuit is from the fuel injector The head (12) extends to the upper guiding elements (31).
13. fuel injector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastomeric electrical link It (126) is helical spring (136).
14. fuel injector (10) according to claim 13, wherein the helical spring (136) includes: to have contact Coil first part (138), the first part do not have axial elasticity;With second part (140), wherein spring coil Separated from each other, the second part has elasticity.
15. fuel injector (10) according to claim 14, wherein the helical spring (136) is further provided with The spring coil of three parts (142), the Part III (142) is separated from each other, and the Part III (142) has axial bullet Property, and wherein the first part (138) is the center portion of the helical spring (136), the second part (138) is The end section of the helical spring contacted with the upper guiding elements (31), and the Part III (142) is described The opposite end portions with the contact member (118) electrical contact of helical spring (136).
16. fuel injector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical circuit includes applying It adds at least one of region of the valve seat (38) and the valve member (32) cooperated with the valve seat (38) or applies The resistive coating being added on the element combined in the valve member (32), such as diamond-like coating (DLC).
CN201780025572.7A 2016-02-26 2017-02-21 fuel injectors for combustion engines Active CN109154260B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1603329.2A GB2547684A (en) 2016-02-26 2016-02-26 Fuel injector for a combustion engine
GB1603329.2 2016-02-26
PCT/EP2017/053958 WO2017144479A1 (en) 2016-02-26 2017-02-21 Fuel injector for a combustion engine

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CN109154260A true CN109154260A (en) 2019-01-04
CN109154260B CN109154260B (en) 2020-12-01

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EP (1) EP3420217B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2019507281A (en)
CN (1) CN109154260B (en)
GB (1) GB2547684A (en)
WO (1) WO2017144479A1 (en)

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CN111911326A (en) * 2019-05-08 2020-11-10 德尔福技术知识产权有限公司 Fuel injector isolator
CN115087803A (en) * 2019-12-18 2022-09-20 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Fuel injector including terminal tab

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US11067028B2 (en) * 2019-01-16 2021-07-20 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector
GB2585064B (en) * 2019-06-27 2021-11-10 Delphi Tech Ip Ltd Fuel injector with closed loop detection

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JPH11107873A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-04-20 Denso Corp Pressure control device and accumulator fuel injection device using the pressure control device
WO2005080786A1 (en) * 2004-02-11 2005-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact element for the valve needle of an injector for internal combustion engines
JP2005307790A (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-04 Denso Corp Fluid control device
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CN111911326A (en) * 2019-05-08 2020-11-10 德尔福技术知识产权有限公司 Fuel injector isolator
CN111911326B (en) * 2019-05-08 2022-01-25 德尔福技术知识产权有限公司 Fuel injector and isolator therefor
CN115087803A (en) * 2019-12-18 2022-09-20 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Fuel injector including terminal tab

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JP2019507281A (en) 2019-03-14
GB2547684A (en) 2017-08-30
GB201603329D0 (en) 2016-04-13
EP3420217A1 (en) 2019-01-02
WO2017144479A1 (en) 2017-08-31
CN109154260B (en) 2020-12-01
EP3420217B1 (en) 2020-04-22

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