CN109142840A - A kind of current measuring method and its all -fiber leakage current protector based on dual wavelength - Google Patents
A kind of current measuring method and its all -fiber leakage current protector based on dual wavelength Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142840A CN109142840A CN201811092301.6A CN201811092301A CN109142840A CN 109142840 A CN109142840 A CN 109142840A CN 201811092301 A CN201811092301 A CN 201811092301A CN 109142840 A CN109142840 A CN 109142840A
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength and all -fiber leakage current protectors; all -fiber residual current action protector is mainly constituted by optical signal generator, photodetector and polarization-maintaining fiber coil; utilize the concept of dual-wavelength spectrophotometry; the light wave of different wave length is successively passed through by electric current of the optical signal generator to size same in electric conductor; conductive intracorporal size of current can be accurately calculated by calculating polarised light rotation differential seat angle, the angle of polarization is avoided and is possible to the case where can not judging electric current after being threaded through 360 degree and triggering shutdown.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to residual current action protector field, especially a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength and
Its all -fiber leakage current protector.
Background technique
Current transformer relatively advanced at present is usually using all -fiber formula optical current mutual inductor, abbreviation FOCT.
Faraday's magnetic rotation effect is utilized in FOCT, i.e. magnetic field cannot generate natural light and directly act on, but in optical isotropy
Transparent medium in, externally-applied magnetic field can make to rotate along the plane of polarization of magnetic direction propagation plane polarised light in the medium, this
Kind phenomenon is referred to as magnetic rotation effect or Faraday effect.When a branch of linearly polarized photon is revolved by the faraday being placed in magnetic field
When luminescent material, if magnetic direction is identical as the direction of propagation of light, the plane of polarization of light will generate rotation；Therefore FOCT being capable of basis
Deflection angle between incident light and emergent light judges the size of current in the electric conductor of its fiber optic loop, to realize measurement
Electric current or trigger relay movement etc..
The current application of FOCT does not include residual current detection, and current residual current operated protective device also only has electromagnetism
Formula and electronic type two types, EMC characteristic is poor, interferes vulnerable to scene, detection inaccuracy；FOCT is applied to residual current inspection
When in survey, the detection range of FOCT is limited to maximum 360 degree angles of polarization, therefore when sensed current is excessive, incident light with out
The angle of polarization penetrated between light is possible to be threaded through 360 degree, and high current can be erroneously detected as low current at this time, leads to not triggering shutdown
Movement, is easy to happen electric leakage accident.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of current measuring methods based on dual wavelength and its all -fiber to leak electricity
Protector is flowed, is alternately entered in polarization-maintaining fiber coil using two or more light waves, by the rotation for calculating two polarised lights
Gyration difference acquires true current value.
Technical solution used by the present invention solves the problems, such as it is:
A kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength, comprising the following steps:
Current-carrying conductor to be measured or current-carrying conductor group are passed through into polarization-maintaining fiber coil；
Successively it is passed through that two kinds of polarization directions are identical into polarization-maintaining fiber coil and the different polarised light of wavelength is as incident light；
Deflection angle of the plane of polarization of the emergent light of detection polarization-maintaining fiber coil relative to the plane of polarization of incident light, respectively n
×360°+θ1With n × 360 °+θ2, wherein n is natural number, there is shown the deflection plane for penetrating light has additionally turned over n 360 °, θ1And θ2
It is all larger than 0 °, less than 360 °；
Compare two deflection angles and obtains difference DELTA θ=θ between them2-θ1And take absolute value | Δ θ |；
Under the not additional deflection situation of emergent light, the maximum of the difference of two deflection angles is obtained out according to two kinds of incident lights
It is worth Δ θmax, as deflection limit valueThen | Δ θ | range meet
Judgement | Δ θ | the section fallen into obtains the value of n；
According to formula I=θ/NV by n × 360 °+θ1Or n × 360 °+θ2θ is substituted into, instantaneous value of the I as electric current is obtained out,
Wherein N is the number that rolls of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil, and V is the Verdet constant of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
Further, for two kinds of incident lights of setted wavelength, Δ θmaxCalculation:
The electric current changed in the current-carrying conductor or current-carrying conductor group makes θ1And θ2In one deflect since 0 ° and just reach
To 360 °, another deflection is denoted as θ less than 360 ° respectively1maxAnd θ2max, then Δ θmax=| θ1max-θ2max|。
Further, two kinds of successively incident incident lights are periodically passed through polarization-maintaining fiber coil, survey in time interval
The current instantaneous value of each time point out constitutes current amplitude waveform diagram.
It further, further include the third or the third above identical as first two incident light polarization direction and wavelength respectively not phase
Same polarised light, each polarised light is incident in order, and the deflection limit value of any two deflection angle is With θiAnd θj
Related, wherein i, j are mutually different positive integer, indicate the polarised light of i-th kind of incident polarised light and jth kind incidence.
Further, when occurring in which that a deflection angle first turns over 360 ° and another deflection angle at same current value I
Degree is not when turning over 360 ° also, | Δ θ | range be unsatisfactory for The deflection angle for turning over 360 ° is added
Upper 360 ° or to do not turn over 360 ° deflection angle deduct 360 ° after, recalculate | Δ θ |.
A kind of all -fiber leakage current protector, including central processing module, optical signal generator, for detecting the angle of polarization
Photodetector leads to for the polarization-maintaining fiber coil and coupler across electric conductor, the optical signal generator and photodetector
Overcoupling device is connect with the polarization-maintaining fiber coil, and the optical signal generator and photodetector are separately connected the central processing
Module；The optical signal generator periodically emits that two or more plane of polarizations is identical and wave into the polarization-maintaining fiber coil
Long different polarised light.
It further, further include reflector for generating reflected light, the coupler is the standard fiber coupling of double branches
Device, the reflector are set to the tail portion of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil, and the head of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil is connect with the coupler.
It further, further include the polarizer and delay line, the coupler, the polarizer, delay line and the polarization-maintaining fiber coil
Head be sequentially connected.
Further, the optical signal generator includes light source controller and light source, the light source controller and the center
Processing module electrical connection, the light source controller connect with the input terminal of the light source, the input terminal of the coupler with it is described
The output end of light source connects.
Further, the photodetector includes photoelectric conversion module and analyzer, the central processing module with it is described
Photoelectric conversion module electrical connection, the analyzer connect with the photoelectric conversion module by optical fiber, the analyzer with it is described
Coupler connection.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention relates to all -fibers of the measurement method of residual current and application this method
Leakage current protector, all -fiber leakage current protector is mainly by optical signal generator, photodetector, polarization-maintaining fiber coil and coupling
Device is constituted, successive by electric current of the optical signal generator to size same in electric conductor using the concept of dual-wavelength spectrophotometry
It is passed through the light wave of different wave length, 360 degree whether has been turned over by the deflection angle that judges that polarised light rotates differential seat angle or has turned over more
Few 360 degree, the intracorporal size of current of conduction is accurately calculated further according to the number for turning over 360 degree, avoiding that the angle of polarization has can
The case where can not judging electric current after 360 degree can be threaded through and triggering shutdown.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the integrated connection relation schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the module section connection relationship diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the optical fiber loop section of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the integrated connection relation schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is measurement method flow diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
- 3 be first embodiment, a kind of all -fiber leakage current protector, including central processing module, optical signal referring to Fig.1
Generator, the photodetector for detecting the angle of polarization, for across electric conductor polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, for generating reflected light
Reflector 2 and coupler 3, the optical signal generator and photodetector are connected by coupler 3 and the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1
It connects, the coupler 3 is the standard fiber coupler of double branches, i.e. the fiber coupler of 1x2 interface, the reflector is set to
The tail portion of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, the head of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 are connect with the coupler 3, the optical signal generator
The central processing module is separately connected with photodetector；Optical signal generator period into the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1
Emit to property that two or more plane of polarizations are identical and polarised light that wavelength is different.
Reflector 2 described in the present embodiment is reflectance coating, equally or reflecting mirror, as long as realizing the polarization maintaining optical fibre
The effect of polarised light reflection in ring 1.
The optical signal generator includes light source controller and light source, the light source controller and the central processing module
Electrical connection, the light source controller connect with the input terminal of the light source, and the input terminal of the coupler 3 is defeated with the light source
Outlet connection.Control is carried out to light source and realizes that more light wave inputs belong to ordinary skill in the art means, is in summary passed through
Circuit control launch time and launch wavelength, then light is realized that this will not be detailed here by a polariscope.
It further include the polarizer 4 and delay line 5, the polarizer 4 is set to the coupler 3 and the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1
Between, the delay line 5 is set to the head of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, i.e., the described coupler 3, the polarizer 4 and delay line 5 according to
Secondary connection.
The photodetector includes photoelectric conversion module and analyzer, the central processing module and the photoelectric conversion
Module electrical connection, the analyzer are connect with the photoelectric conversion module by optical fiber, and the analyzer and the coupler 3 connect
It connects.
The central processing module meets the calculation formula of current flowing in electrical conductor i:
Wherein θ is the deflection angle of the emergent light of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, and N rolls number for the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, and V is institute
State the Verdet constant of polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, Verdet constant V and the frequency (wavelength) of property, temperature and light with substance have
It closes, polarization-maintaining fiber coil (property of substance) and operating temperature can all control in practical applications, therefore in the present embodiment
Verdet constant V is actually related with the wavelength of incident light.
Optical signal generator described in the present embodiment successively emits the light of two kinds of different wave lengths into the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1
Wave, equipment is usually the impulse generator of double light wave generators or associated working, since the light wave of different wave length is in magneto-optic
Verdet constant in material (polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1) is slightly different, therefore the outgoing light wave of the light wave of two different wave lengths is inclined
Vibration angle can generate difference, indicate that the two polarised lights rotate differential seat angle with Δ θ.When measurement, determined by the wavelength difference of two light waves
Determine Δ θ there are a value range, according to this value range, when front and back twice light wave after the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 deflection outgoing,
Different Δ θ value difference is more than the value range, it can judges that one of light wave makes polarization angle θ be greater than 360 degree, finally by described
It entreats processing module to deduct 360 degree to polarization angle θ or increase by 360 to the polarization angle of another light wave, then substitutes into above-mentioned electricity
The calculation formula for flowing i, obtains the size of leakage current.Specific current measuring method illustrates below.
In fact, the present invention, which can extend, is passed through the modes such as the third wavelength light source, the 4th kind of wavelength light source, do not increase more
Few cost carries out multi-wavelength combined measurement to increase detection range, enhances detection accuracy.
Electric conductor across the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 is to need to do earth leakage protective whole cables, can be two-wire system L-
N, three-wire system A-B-C or three-phase four-wire system A-B-C-N, or be single electrical conductor.
It is referring to difference of the Fig. 4 between second embodiment, with first embodiment, the coupler 3 is that 2x2 is direct-connected
Fiber coupler, the head and tail portion of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 are connect with the coupler 3, the reflected light of first embodiment
Obtained by the reflector 2 reflection and along 1 backtracking of polarization-maintaining fiber coil to the coupler 3, second embodiment it is anti-
It penetrates light and is equivalent to emergent light from 1 tail portion of polarization-maintaining fiber coil, be incident on the coupler 3.
Referring to the current measuring method that Fig. 5 is suitable for above-mentioned all -fiber leakage current protector, above-mentioned electric conductor is under
Current-carrying conductor described in face or current-carrying conductor group are identical, are the carrier for being carried across the electric current of polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1.
A kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength, comprising the following steps:
Current-carrying conductor to be measured or current-carrying conductor group are passed through polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 by S1；
S2, be successively passed through that two kinds of polarization directions are identical into polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 and the different polarised light of wavelength as entering
Penetrate light；
S3, detect polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1 emergent light plane of polarization relative to incident light plane of polarization deflection angle, respectively
For n × 360 °+θ1With n × 360 °+θ2, wherein n is natural number, there is shown the deflection plane for penetrating light has additionally turned over n 360 °, θ1
And θ2It is all larger than 0 °, less than 360 °；
S4 compares two deflection angles and obtains difference DELTA θ=θ between them2-θ1And take absolute value | Δ θ |；
S5 calculates the difference of two deflection angles according to two kinds of incident light meters under the not additional deflection situation of emergent light
Maximum value Δ θmax, as deflection limit valueThen | Δ θ | range meet
S6, judgement | Δ θ | the section fallen into obtains the value of n；
S7, according to formula I=θ/NV by n × 360 °+θ1Or n × 360 °+θ2θ is substituted into, calculates I as the instantaneous of electric current
Value, wherein N is the number that rolls of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, and V is the Verdet constant of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1.
For two kinds of incident lights of setted wavelength, Δ θmaxCalculation are as follows:
The electric current changed in the current-carrying conductor or current-carrying conductor group makes θ1And θ2In one deflect since 0 ° and just reach
To 360 °, another deflection is denoted as θ less than 360 ° respectively1maxAnd θ2max, then Δ θmax=| θ1max-θ2max|。
When occurring in which that a deflection angle first turns over 360 ° and another deflection angle does not turn also at same current value I
When crossing 360 °, | Δ θ | range be unsatisfactory forTo turn over 360 ° of deflection angle plus 360 °,
Or after deducting 360 ° to the deflection angle for not turning over 360 °, recalculate | Δ θ |.
Successively two kinds of incident incident lights are periodically passed through polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, when measuring each in time interval
The current instantaneous value of point constitutes current amplitude waveform diagram.
Due to θ1And θ2It is positively related with electric current I, is θ in the coordinate diagram of ordinate by abscissa, I of θ1And θ2Table
It is now the different straight line of two slopes, the angle between two straight lines increases with the increase of electric current.
It can be that two or more polarization directions is identical and polarised light that wavelength is different in practice for incident light, one
A kind of polarised light of wavelength is only passed through in a time point, therefore each polarised light is incident in order, the deflection of any two deflection angle
Limit value isWherein i, j are mutually different positive integer,Calculating withCalculating it is similar, for i-th kind
Deflection angle n × 360 °+the θ of the polarised light of incident polarised light and jth kind incidenceiWith n × 360 °+θ j, therefore deflect limit valueIt is expressed asThe calculation method phase of subsequent calculating and above-mentioned dual wavelength
Together.
It is measured by increasing multiple wavelength, the precision and measurement range of current measurement can be improved.
The present invention is based on the all-fiber current transformators of traditional monochromatic light wave, due to passing through the high current meeting of polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1
Causing plane of polarization to turn over 360 degree causes measurement mistake occur, therefore draws the polarised light of second of wavelength and measure its emergent light
Deflection angle be finally calculated from the formula the big of electric current so that it is determined that whether previous light wave has had been rotated through 360 degree
It is small.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the invention is not limited to above embodiment, as long as
It reaches technical effect of the invention with identical means, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Current-carrying conductor to be measured or current-carrying conductor group are passed through into polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1)；
Successively it is passed through that two kinds of polarization directions are identical into polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) and the different polarised light of wavelength is as incident light；
Deflection angle of the plane of polarization of the emergent light of detection polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) relative to the plane of polarization of incident light；
Compare two deflection angles and obtains the difference between them；
The instantaneous value of electric current in current-carrying conductor or current-carrying conductor group to be measured is obtained according to the difference.
2. a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the polarization of emergent light
Deflection angle of the face relative to the plane of polarization of incident light, is expressed as n × 360 °+θ1With n × 360 °+θ2, wherein n is nature
Number, there is shown the deflection plane for penetrating light has additionally turned over n 360 °, θ1And θ2It is all larger than 0 °, less than 360 °.
3. a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the instantaneous value of electric current
Acquisition the following steps are included:
Difference between two deflection angles is expressed as Δ θ=θ2-θ1, and take absolute value | Δ θ |；
Under the not additional deflection situation of emergent light, the maximum value Δ of the difference of two deflection angles is obtained out according to two kinds of incident lights
θmax, as deflection limit valueThen | Δ θ | range meet
Judgement | Δ θ | the section fallen into obtains the value of n；
According to formula I=θ/NV by n × 360 °+θ1Or n × 360 °+θ2θ is substituted into, obtains instantaneous value of the I as electric current, wherein N
For the number that rolls of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1), V is the Verdet constant of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1), and Verdet constant has with wavelength
It closes.
4. a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: for setted wavelength
Two kinds of incident lights, Δ θmaxCalculation:
The electric current changed in the current-carrying conductor or current-carrying conductor group makes θ1And θ2In one deflect since 0 ° and just reach
360 ° and another deflection less than 360 °, be denoted as θ respectively1maxAnd θ2max, then Δ θmax=| θ1max-θ2max|。
5. a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: further include the third
Or the third polarised light above identical as first two incident light polarization direction and that wavelength is different, each polarised light enter in order
It penetrates, the deflection limit value of any two deflection angle is With θiAnd θjIt is related, wherein i, j be it is mutually different just
Integer indicates the polarised light of i-th kind of incident polarised light and jth kind incidence.
6. a kind of current measuring method based on dual wavelength according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in same current value
Under I, when one of deflection angle first turns over 360 ° and another deflection angle does not also turn over 360 °, | Δ θ | range not
Meet 360 ° are added to the deflection angle for turning over 360 ° or to the deflection angle for not turning over 360 °
After deducting 360 °, recalculate | Δ θ |.
7. a kind of all -fiber leakage current protector, it is characterised in that: including central processing module, optical signal generator, for examining
It surveys the photodetector of the angle of polarization and is visited for the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) across electric conductor, the optical signal generator and photoelectricity
It surveys device to connect by coupler (3) with the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1), the optical signal generator and photodetector are separately connected
The central processing module；The optical signal generator periodically emits two or more into the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1)
Plane of polarization is identical and polarised light that wavelength is different.
8. a kind of all -fiber Type B residual current action protector according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: further include using
In the reflector (2) and coupler (3) that generate reflected light, the coupler (3) is the standard fiber coupler of double branches, described
Optical signal generator and photodetector are connect by the coupler (3) with the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1), and the reflector is set
It is placed in the tail portion of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1), the head of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) is connect with the coupler (3).
9. a kind of all -fiber Type B residual current action protector according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: further included
Inclined device (4) and delay line (5), the coupler (3), the polarizer (4), delay line (5) and the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) head
It is sequentially connected.
10. according to a kind of any all -fiber Type B residual current action protector of claim 7-9, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating optical signal generator includes light source controller and light source, and the light source controller is electrically connected with the central processing module, institute
It states light source controller to connect with the input terminal of the light source, the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) connect with the output end of the light source；Institute
Stating photodetector includes photoelectric conversion module and analyzer, and the central processing module is electrically connected with the photoelectric conversion module
It connects, the analyzer is connect with the photoelectric conversion module by optical fiber, and the analyzer and the polarization-maintaining fiber coil (1) are even
It connects.
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