CN109141681B - Total air temperature sensor - Google Patents
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- CN109141681B CN109141681B CN201811091706.8A CN201811091706A CN109141681B CN 109141681 B CN109141681 B CN 109141681B CN 201811091706 A CN201811091706 A CN 201811091706A CN 109141681 B CN109141681 B CN 109141681B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
- G01K13/028—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow for use in total air temperature [TAT] probes
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Abstract
A total air temperature sensor includes a detector head, a pillar, and a turbulence-inducing surface. The detector head has an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet. The strut defines a leading edge and an opposing trailing edge extending along a longitudinal axis and is connected between the detector head and an opposing detector base. The turbulence inducing surface is defined in the strut aft of the leading edge. The turbulence inducing surface is configured to intercept a boundary layer of fluid traveling over the strut to transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow for moving flow separation toward the trailing edge to reduce noise emissions from the total air temperature sensor.
Description
The application is a divisional application of patent applications with the same name, having application number of 201410539799.1 and application date of 2014, 10 and 14.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/891,200, filed on 2013, 10, 15, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to temperature sensors, and more particularly to total air temperature sensors such as used in aerospace applications.
Background
Modern jet powered aircraft require very accurate outside air temperature measurements for input to air data computers, engine thrust management computers and other on-board systems. For these aircraft types, their associated flight conditions and the general use of a total air temperature sensor, the air temperature is better defined by the following four temperatures: (1) static Air Temperature (SAT) or (TS), (2) Total Air Temperature (TAT) or (Tt), (3) recovery temperature (Tr) and (4) measurement temperature (Tm). Static Air Temperature (SAT) or (TS) is the temperature of the undisturbed air through which the aircraft will fly. The Total Air Temperature (TAT) or (Tt) is the maximum air temperature that can be achieved by 100% conversion of the flow kinetic energy. The measurement of TAT is derived from the recovery temperature (Tr), which is the adiabatic value of the local air temperature on each part of the aircraft surface due to the incomplete recovery of kinetic energy. The recovery temperature (Tr) is obtained from the measured temperature (Tm), which is the actual temperature as measured and may be different from the recovery temperature due to thermal transfer effects imposed on the environment.
One existing challenge of total air temperature sensors is related to noise emissions. Airflow disturbances created by aeroelastic deformation have been called growling, howling, roaring, and whistle and are reported from fuselage detectors to reach a sound pressure level of 82 dBA within the cockpit. When the fluid flow establishes a reynolds number above about 50, karman vortex streets occur and vortices escape from the blunt trailing edge or alternate sides of the blunt body. The karman vortices form cyclic forces that are primarily perpendicular to the airflow and cause elastic vortex-induced vibration of the air. The aero-elastic vortex induced vibration sounding can affect the TAT sensor or any wing. Vortex induced vibrations may also cause structural damage.
These conventional methods and systems have been generally considered to meet their intended purpose. However, there remains a need in the art for systems and methods that achieve improved overall air temperature sensor performance, including reduced acoustic emissions. The present disclosure provides a solution to these problems.
Disclosure of Invention
A total air temperature sensor includes a detector head, a pillar, and a turbulence-inducing surface. The detector head has an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet. The strut defines a leading edge and an opposing trailing edge extending along a longitudinal axis and is connected between the detector head and an opposing detector base. The turbulence inducing surface is defined in the strut aft of the leading edge. The turbulence inducing surface is configured to intercept a boundary layer of fluid traveling over the strut to transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow for moving flow separation toward the trailing edge to reduce noise emissions from the total air temperature sensor.
The turbulence inducing surface may be defined as a strip along the surface of the strut in an axial direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the strut. Further, the turbulence inducing surface may include a portion defined in a first surface of the strut and a portion defined in a second surface of the strut, the second surface being opposite the first surface. The portion of the turbulence inducing surface defined in the first surface may be defined as a first strip in an axial direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the post, and the portion of the turbulence inducing surface defined in the second surface may be defined as a second strip, wherein the second strip is opposite the first strip. Further, the turbulence inducing surface may be defined to be more adjacent to the leading edge than the trailing edge. The turbulence inducing surface may be configured to reduce karman vortex interaction. Further, the turbulence-inducing surface may include features, such as a plurality of circular channels, a plurality of linear serrations, a plurality of dimples, flanges, and/or linear channels.
In a particular embodiment, the total air temperature sensor includes a detector head and a post as described above, and a serrated surface defined in the post rearward of the leading edge configured to intercept a fluid boundary layer traveling over the post to transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow to move the flow separation toward the trailing edge to reduce noise emissions from the total air temperature sensor. The serrated surface comprises a diagonal series of connected serrations wherein the serrations have a substantially constant geometry that repeats throughout the series.
The serrated surface may include a linear channel connecting the vertices of a series of connected serrations to define a series of triangles. The serrated surface may include a second series of serrations parallel to the linear channel. Each second series of serrations may cut through a respective triangle from the series of triangles. The serrated surface may include a third series of serrations parallel to the linear channel, each of the third series of serrations being cuttable through a respective triangle from the series of triangles at a different location than the second series of serrations. In addition, the serrated surface may be configured to reduce karman eddy current interactions. Further, the serrated surface may include a portion defined in the first surface of the post and a portion defined in the second surface of the post, as described above with reference to the turbulence-inducing surface. Further, the serrated surface may be defined to be closer to the leading edge than the trailing edge.
These and other features of the disclosed systems and methods will become more readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Thus, those skilled in the art to which the disclosure relates will readily appreciate how to make and use the devices and methods of the present disclosure without undue experimentation, preferred embodiments thereof will be described in detail below with reference to the specific drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed in accordance with the present disclosure showing turbulence-inducing surfaces as serrated surfaces;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed in accordance with the present disclosure, showing a turbulence-inducing surface that includes a linear flange;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed according to the present disclosure showing a turbulence-inducing surface as a serrated surface, wherein the serrated surface includes diagonal linear serrations;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed according to the present disclosure showing a turbulence-inducing surface as a serrated surface, wherein the serrated surface includes diagonal linear serrations and linear channels connecting the apexes of the linear serrations;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed in accordance with the present disclosure, showing a turbulence-inducing surface comprising a plurality of linear channels;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed according to the present disclosure showing a turbulence-inducing surface as a serrated surface, wherein the serrated surface includes diagonally overlapping linear serrations;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed in accordance with the present disclosure, showing a turbulence-inducing surface comprising a plurality of dimples;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed according to the present disclosure showing a turbulence-inducing surface as a serrated surface, wherein the serrated surface includes diagonally overlapping linear serrations;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed according to the present disclosure, showing a turbulence-inducing surface comprising a plurality of overlapping circular channels; and is
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor constructed according to the present disclosure, showing a turbulence-inducing surface including a linear channel.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural features or aspects of the present disclosure. For purposes of illustration and illustration, and not limitation, portions of an exemplary embodiment of a total air temperature sensor according to the present disclosure are illustrated in FIG. 1 and generally designated by reference numeral 100. Other embodiments of the total air temperature sensor according to the present disclosure or aspects thereof are provided in fig. 2-10 as will be described. The systems and methods described herein may be used to reduce noise emissions from Total Air Temperature (TAT) probes and other airfoils.
As shown in fig. 1, the total air temperature sensor 100 includes a detector head 102 and a support post 104. The detector head 102 has an airflow inlet 106 and an airflow outlet 108. The strut defines a leading edge 110 and an opposing trailing edge 112 extending along the longitudinal axis a and is connected between the detector head 102 and an opposing detector base 114. Serrated surfaces 116 (e.g., one type of turbulence-inducing surface) are defined in the struts 104 aft of the leading edge 110. Serrated surface 116 is configured to interrupt a boundary layer of fluid traveling over strut 104 to transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow for moving the flow separation toward trailing edge 112 to reduce noise emissions from total air temperature sensor 100, for example, relative to when the flow separation might otherwise occur. Serrated surface 116 includes a diagonal series 120 of connected serrations 118, wherein serrations 118 have a substantially constant geometry that repeats within series 120. There is a linear channel 122 connecting a series 120 of vertices 124 of the connecting serrations 118 to define a series of triangles 126. The serrated surface 116 includes a second series 128 of serrations 118 parallel to the linear channel 122, each second series 128 serration 118 cutting through a respective triangle from the series of triangles 126. The serrated surface 116 includes a third series 130 of serrations 118 parallel to the linear channel 122, each third series 130 of serrations 118 cutting through a respective triangle from the series of triangles 126 at a different location than the second series 128 of serrations 118. The serrated surface 116 is configured to reduce karman eddy current interactions. Although the serrated surface 116 is shown in fig. 1 as having two serrations (a second series of serrations 128 and a third series of serrations 130 that cut through a triangle from the series of triangles 126, respectively), one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the number of serrations that cut through a respective triangle may vary, for example, there may be a fourth series of serrations that cut through a respective triangle in addition to the second series 128 and the third series 130.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that while serrated surface 116 is shown as including a portion defined in a first surface 132 of the post, a portion may also be defined in a second surface (not shown) of the post, the second surface being opposite first surface 132. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the portion of the serrated surface 116 defined in the first surface 132 may be defined as a first strip, e.g., a triangular strip 126, and the portion of the serrated surface 116 defined in the second surface may be defined as a second strip, e.g., a second triangular strip 126, wherein the second strip is opposite the first strip. In other words, there may be a portion of the serrated surface on either side or only one side of the strut 104. Moreover, although serrated surface 116 is defined more adjacent to leading edge 110 than trailing edge 112, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that serrated surface 116 may be defined in different locations or different orientations along strut 104. Further, while serrated surface 116 is shown as having a depth relative to post 104, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that serrated surface 116 and the features it includes (e.g., triangles 126) may also protrude relative to post 104.
Referring now to fig. 2-10, the total air temperature sensors 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 include respective detector heads, posts and turbulence-inducing surfaces. The detector heads and posts on the total air temperature sensors 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 are similar to the detector heads 102 and posts 104 described above. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surfaces of each total air temperature sensor 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 may include and incorporate a variety of features, such as a plurality of circular channels, a plurality of linear serrations of various configurations, a plurality of dimples, flanges, and/or linear channels.
With continued reference to fig. 2-10, the turbulence-inducing surfaces 216, 316, 416, 516, 616, 716, 816, 916, and 1016 are configured to interrupt the fluid boundary layer, resulting in less noise emission, as much as described above with reference to the serrated surface 116. Turbulence inducing surfaces 216, 316, 416, 516, 616, 716, 816, 916, and 1016 are also configured to reduce karman vortex interaction, similar to serrated surface 116 described above. Further, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that turbulence-inducing surfaces 216, 316, 416, 516, 616, 716, 816, 916, and 1016 are configured to include a portion on a first surface of the post (similar to first surface 132 of total air temperature sensor 100) and a portion (not shown) defined in a second surface of the post, the second surface being opposite the first surface. In other words, the turbulence inducing surfaces (e.g., 216) may be on both sides of the struts (e.g., 204).
As shown in fig. 2, the total air temperature sensor 200 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 216 defined in the strut 204 aft of the leading edge 210. The turbulence inducing surface 216 includes a linear flange 218. While the turbulence inducing surface 216 is generally defined between the leading edge 210 and the trailing edge 212, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the flange 218 may be moved as appropriate for a given application.
As shown in fig. 3, the total air temperature sensor 300 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 316 defined in the strut 304 aft of the leading edge 310. The turbulence inducing surface 316 (e.g., a serrated surface) includes a series of linear serrations 318 configured as stripes. The linear serrations 318 are connected diagonally and have a substantially constant geometry that repeats within the series. Although the turbulence inducing surface 316 is defined to be closer to the leading edge 310 than the trailing edge 312, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence inducing surface 316 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. Further, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that while the linear serrations 318 are shown configured as stripes, there may be space between the linear serrations 318, e.g., there may be a first pair of linear serrations (e.g., linear serrations 318) connected diagonally, space, and then a second pair of linear serrations aligned with the first pair of linear serrations connected diagonally. Further, while the linear serrations 316 are shown as having a depth relative to the post 304, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the linear serrations 316 may also be raised relative to the post 304.
As shown in fig. 4, the total air temperature sensor 400 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 416 defined in the strut 404 aft of the leading edge 410. The turbulence inducing surface 416 (e.g., a serrated surface) includes a diagonal series of connected serrations 418, wherein the serrations 418 have a substantially constant geometry that repeats in the series. There are linear channels 422 connected to connect vertices 424 of the serrations 418 to define a series of triangles 426. Although the turbulence inducing surface 416 is defined to be closer to the leading edge 410 than the trailing edge 412, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence inducing surface 416 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. Further, while the turbulence-inducing surface 416 is shown as having a depth relative to the post 404, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 416 (including the series of connecting serrations 418 and linear channels 422) may protrude relative to the post 404, for example, the connecting serrations 418 may protrude relative to the post 404, and instead of the linear channels 422 connecting the apices 424, there may be a linear ledge, similar to the linear ledge 218.
Furthermore, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surfaces (e.g., turbulence-inducing surfaces 416 and 316) may be combined onto a single strut (e.g., strut 404). For example, it is contemplated that a first turbulence inducing surface (e.g., turbulence inducing surface 416) may be defined closer to the leading edge (e.g., leading edge 410) than the trailing edge (e.g., trailing edge 412) and another turbulence inducing surface (e.g., turbulence inducing surface 316) may be defined in the same strut aft of the first turbulence inducing surface.
As shown in fig. 5, the total air temperature sensor 500 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 516 defined in the strut 504 aft of the leading edge 510. The turbulence inducing surface 516 includes a plurality of linear channels 518. While the turbulence inducing surface 516 is defined closer to the leading edge 510 than the trailing edge 512, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence inducing surface 516 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. Further, while the turbulence-inducing surface 516 is shown as having a depth relative to the strut 504, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 516 (including the linear channels 518) may protrude relative to the strut 504, for example, the linear channels 518 may protrude in a manner similar to the linear flange 218.
As shown in fig. 6, the total air temperature sensor 600 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 616 defined in the strut 604 aft of the leading edge 610. The turbulence inducing surface 616 (e.g., a serrated surface) includes a diagonal plurality of connected serrations 618, wherein the serrations 618 have a substantially constant geometry. The connecting serrations 618 define cross-hatched bars 620. While the turbulence inducing surface 616 is defined closer to the leading edge 610 than the trailing edge 612, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence inducing surface 616 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. Further, while the turbulence inducing surface 616 is shown as having a depth relative to the post 604, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence inducing surface 616 (including the plurality of connecting serrations 618) may protrude relative to the post 604.
As shown in fig. 7, the total air temperature sensor 700 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 716 defined in the strut 704 aft of the leading edge 710. The turbulence-inducing surface 716 includes a plurality of dimples 718. Although the turbulence-inducing surface 716 is defined to be closer to the leading edge 710 than the trailing edge 712, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 716 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. Further, while the turbulence-inducing surface 716 is shown as having a depth relative to the post 704, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 716 (including the plurality of dimples 718) may be raised relative to the post 704, i.e., as part-spherical bumps or bumps.
As shown in fig. 8, the total air temperature sensor 800 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 816 defined in the strut 804 aft of the leading edge 810. The turbulence inducing surface 816 (e.g., a serrated surface) includes a diagonal plurality of connected serrations 818, wherein the serrations 818 have a substantially constant geometry. Connecting serrations 818 (similar to the connecting serrations in fig. 6) define cross-hatched bars 820. However, in FIG. 8, the serrations 818 are larger than the serrations 616. While the turbulence-inducing surface 816 is defined to be closer to the leading edge 810 than the trailing edge 812, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 816 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. Further, while the turbulence-inducing surface 816 is shown as having a depth relative to the post 804, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 816 (including the plurality of connecting serrations 818) may protrude relative to the post 804.
As shown in fig. 9, the total air temperature sensor 900 includes a turbulence-inducing surface 916 defined in the strut 904 aft of the leading edge 910. The turbulence-inducing surface 916 includes a plurality of overlapping circular channels 918. The turbulence inducing surface is defined to be closer to the leading edge 910 than the trailing edge 912. While the turbulence-inducing surface 916 is defined to be closer to the leading edge 910 than the trailing edge 912, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 916 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the number and configuration of circular channels 918 (e.g., with the various turbulence-inducing features described herein) may vary as appropriate for a given application. Further, while the turbulence-inducing surface 916 is shown as having a depth relative to the post 904, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 916 (including the plurality of overlapping circular channels 918) may protrude relative to the post 904.
As shown in fig. 10, the total air temperature sensor 1000 includes turbulence-inducing surfaces 1016 defined in the struts 1004 aft of the leading edge 1010. The turbulence-inducing surface 1016 includes a linear channel 1018. While the turbulence-inducing surface 1016 is defined to be closer to the leading edge 1010 than the trailing edge 1012, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 1016 may be moved and oriented as appropriate for a given application. While the serrated surface 1016 is shown in fig. 10 as a constant linear channel, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that there may be multiple linear channels as part of the same turbulence-inducing surface 1016, for example, there may be a first linear channel, a space, and a second linear channel that is subsequently aligned with the first linear channel. Further, while the turbulence-inducing surface 1016 is shown as having a depth relative to the post 1004, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface 1016 (including the linear channel 1018) may protrude relative to the post 1004, e.g., the linear channel 1018 may protrude in a manner similar to the linear ledge 218.
Those skilled in the art will also readily appreciate that some of the turbulence-inducing surfaces 116, 316, 416, 516, 616, 716, 816, 916, and 1016 may be fabricated in a second fabrication process wherein ball-nose milling or laser etching is used to fabricate turbulence-inducing surface features, such as serrations 118, along the posts (e.g., posts 104). Those skilled in the art will also readily appreciate that the turbulence-inducing surface (e.g., turbulence-inducing surface 216) comprising the flange (e.g., flange 218) may be added to the strut (e.g., strut 204) by brazing or welding. Alternatively, if the struts are manufactured by casting, the flanges may be included in the mold and no secondary process for adding the flanges is required.
While the turbulence inducing surfaces are illustrated and described above as including various configurations of the serrations 118, 318, 418, 618, and 818, dimples 718, flanges 218, circular channels 918, and/or linear channels 518 and 1018, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that any suitable combination or variation of these types of turbulence inducing surfaces, or any other suitable type of turbulence inducing surfaces, may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the above-described serrations 118, 318, 418, 618, and 818, dimples 718, flanges 218, circular channels 918, and/or linear channels 518 and 1018 may be scaled larger or smaller as desired without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Further, those skilled in the art will also readily appreciate that the above-described serrations 118, 318, 418, 618, and 818, dimples 718, flanges 218, circular channel 918, and/or linear channels 518 and 1018 may have various depths and/or heights relative to the surface of their respective struts. For example, in particular embodiments, it is contemplated that the maximum height of the serrations 118, 318, 418, 618, and 818, dimples 718, flanges 218, circular channels 918, and/or linear channels 518 and 1018, in the case of protrusions, may be a minimum of 0.004 inches (0.102 mm) above their respective strut surface. And for example, in particular embodiments, it is contemplated that the depth of the serrations 118, 318, 418, 618, and 818, dimples 718, flanges 218, circular channel 918, and/or linear channels 518 and 1018, relative to the surface of their respective struts, can be between 0.004 and 0.010 inches (0.102 mm to 0.254 mm) deep.
As described above and shown in the drawings, the method and system of the present invention provide a total air temperature probe with superior properties including reduced noise emissions. While the apparatus and methods of the present invention have been shown and described with reference to particular embodiments, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that changes and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A total air temperature sensor, comprising:
a detector head having an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet;
a strut defining a leading edge and an opposing trailing edge extending along a longitudinal axis, the strut being connected between the detector head and an opposing detector base; and
a serrated surface defined in the strut behind the leading edge, the serrated surface configured to reduce noise emissions from the total air temperature sensor, wherein the serrated surface comprises a diagonal series of connected serrations, wherein the serrations have a substantially constant geometry that repeats within a series, wherein the serrated surface is defined closer to the leading edge than to the trailing edge;
wherein the serrated surface can have a depth relative to the post, or the serrated surface and the features it comprises can protrude relative to the post.
2. The total air temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein the serrated surface comprises a linear channel connecting the bases of the series of connected serrations to define a series of triangles.
3. The total air temperature sensor of claim 2, wherein the serrated surface includes a second series of serrations parallel to the linear channel, each second series of serrations cutting through a respective one of the series of triangles.
4. The total air temperature sensor of claim 3, wherein the serrated surface includes a third series of serrations parallel to the linear channel, each third series of serrations cutting through a respective one of the series of triangles at a different location than the second series of serrations.
5. The total air temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein the serrated surface is configured to reduce karman vortex interaction.
6. The total air temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein the serrated surface includes a portion defined in a first surface of the post and a portion defined in a second surface of the post, the second surface being opposite the first surface.
7. The total air temperature sensor of claim 6, wherein the portion of the serrated surface defined in the first surface is defined as a first strip in an axial direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the strut, and the portion of the serrated surface defined in the second surface is defined as a second strip, wherein the second strip is opposite the first strip.
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|---|---|---|---|
| US201361891200P | 2013-10-15 | 2013-10-15 | |
| US61/891200 | 2013-10-15 | ||
| CN201410539799.1A CN104833443B (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2014-10-14 | Total air temperature sensor |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410539799.1A Division CN104833443B (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2014-10-14 | Total air temperature sensor |
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| CN109141681A CN109141681A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN109141681B true CN109141681B (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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| EP1338793A3 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2010-09-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Serrated wind turbine blade trailing edge |
| FR2840984B1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2005-03-18 | Auxitrol Sa | IMPROVEMENTS IN SENSORS FOR MEASURING AT LEAST ONE PHYSICAL PARAMETER ON A FLUID FLOW AND PARTICULARLY IMPROVEMENTS IN SENSORS DEGIVEN FROM TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE |
| US20040177683A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-16 | Ice Paul A. | Total air temperature probe providing a secondary sensor measurement chamber |
| DE102004056537B4 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2010-09-09 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Arrangement for reducing the aerodynamic noise on an additional wing of an aircraft |
| CN201461226U (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2010-05-12 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | a leaf |
| FR2956737B1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2012-03-30 | Auxitrol Sa | ICE BREAKER PROBE FOR MEASURING THE TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE |
| US8460779B2 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2013-06-11 | General Electric Company | Microstructures for reducing noise of a fluid dynamic structure |
| US8632031B2 (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2014-01-21 | The Boeing Company | Systems and methods for attenuation of noise and wakes produced by aircraft |
| CN109141681B (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2021-02-26 | 罗斯蒙特航天公司 | Total air temperature sensor |
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| CN104833443A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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