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CN109127114B - A kind of comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite - Google Patents

A kind of comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite Download PDF

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CN109127114B
CN109127114B CN201811105123.6A CN201811105123A CN109127114B CN 109127114 B CN109127114 B CN 109127114B CN 201811105123 A CN201811105123 A CN 201811105123A CN 109127114 B CN109127114 B CN 109127114B
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tailings
magnesite
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CN109127114A (en
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李伟
高飞
陈敏
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Dalian Deetop Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets

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Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite, which comprises the steps of crushing, roasting, tower grinding, magnetic separation, shaking table, flotation, tailing planting soil and the like. The concentrate product obtained by the method has high magnesium oxide grade, high recovery rate, simple flow structure and less medicament consumption. The magnesite tailings produced by the magnesite utilization method are used for preparing planting soil, secondary tailings are not produced, all resources are utilized, the resource utilization rate can be improved, tailings are not discharged, the occupied area of the tailings and the pollution to the environment are eliminated, the prepared planting soil tailings are large in addition amount, high in organic matter content and good in water retention and air permeability, and the magnesite tailings can be used for replacing foreign soil for ecological restoration of mines.

Description

一种低品位菱镁矿综合利用方法A kind of comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及菱镁矿尾矿利用技术领域,具体涉及一种低品位菱镁矿综合利用方法。The invention relates to the technical field of magnesite tailing utilization, in particular to a comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite.

背景技术Background technique

我国菱镁矿资源储量丰富,已探明储量约31亿t,占全世界总储量的四分之一,主要分布在辽宁、山东两省,储量合计约占全国总储量的95.11%,其中辽宁省主要集中在辽宁南部地区,如海城、营口等地区,已探明矿区有12个,保有储量25.77亿t,约占全国总储量的85%,占全世界总储量的20%。my country is rich in magnesite resources, with proven reserves of about 3.1 billion t, accounting for a quarter of the world's total reserves, mainly distributed in Liaoning and Shandong provinces, with total reserves accounting for about 95.11% of the country's total reserves, of which Liaoning The province is mainly concentrated in the southern part of Liaoning, such as Haicheng, Yingkou and other areas. There are 12 proven mining areas with reserves of 2.577 billion tons, accounting for about 85% of the country's total reserves and 20% of the world's total reserves.

然而由于菱镁矿资源的持续开发和高附加值镁盐产品对原材料要求的不断提高,能直接满足生产要求的菱镁矿(氧化镁含量43%~47.8%)资源越来越少。同时由于菱镁矿资源的粗犷经营,导致优质资源相对短缺。更值得注意的是低品位菱镁矿的大量废弃不但造成资源的巨大浪费,而且污染周边环境。因此对低品位菱镁矿开发利用迫在眉睫,同时市场的需求也决定了我国镁产品必须高附加值化和功能化。However, due to the continuous development of magnesite resources and the continuous improvement of raw material requirements for high value-added magnesium salt products, the resources of magnesite (magnesium oxide content of 43% to 47.8%) that can directly meet the production requirements are becoming less and less. At the same time, due to the rough management of magnesite resources, there is a relative shortage of high-quality resources. What is more noteworthy is that the large amount of waste of low-grade magnesite not only causes huge waste of resources, but also pollutes the surrounding environment. Therefore, the development and utilization of low-grade magnesite is imminent, and the market demand also determines that my country's magnesium products must be high value-added and functional.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了解决以上技术问题,本发明提供了一种低品位菱镁矿综合利用方法,包括以下步骤:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite, comprising the following steps:

(1)将菱镁矿经颚式破碎机破碎至-20mm块矿,然后经竖炉焙烧1~2h,获得焙烧物料;(1) The magnesite is crushed to -20mm lump ore by jaw crusher, and then roasted by shaft furnace for 1~2h to obtain roasted material;

(2)将步骤(1)焙烧物料经塔磨机磨细至-0.074mm占85~90%,得到磨细粉料;(2) grinding the calcined material in step (1) to -0.074mm by a tower mill, accounting for 85-90%, to obtain a finely ground powder;

(3)将步骤(2)磨细粉料给入磁选机选别,得到磁选精矿和磁选尾矿;(3) feeding the finely ground powder in step (2) into a magnetic separator for sorting to obtain magnetic separation concentrate and magnetic separation tailings;

(4)将步骤(3)磁选精矿给入摇床进行重选,获得摇床精矿和摇床尾矿;(4) The magnetic separation concentrate in step (3) is fed into the shaker for re-election to obtain the shaker concentrate and the shaker tailings;

(5)将步骤(4)摇床精矿给入浮选机进行选别,获得浮选精矿和浮选尾矿,所述浮选精矿即为精矿产品;(5) feeding the shaker concentrate in step (4) into the flotation machine for sorting, to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, and the flotation concentrate is the concentrate product;

(6)将步骤(3)磁选尾矿、步骤(4)摇床尾矿、步骤(5)浮选尾矿混合为菱镁矿尾矿,所述菱镁矿尾矿与污泥、磷石膏、中药渣、鸡粪、机制炭、陶粒混合均匀,发酵30~40天,得到菱镁矿尾矿种植土。(6) Mixing step (3) magnetic separation tailings, step (4) shaking table tailings, and step (5) flotation tailings into magnesite tailings, which are mixed with sludge and phosphogypsum. , Chinese medicine slag, chicken manure, machine-made charcoal and ceramsite are evenly mixed and fermented for 30 to 40 days to obtain magnesite tailings planting soil.

进一步地,所述步骤(1)焙烧温度1000~1150℃。Further, the calcination temperature of the step (1) is 1000-1150°C.

进一步地,所述步骤(3)磁选机磁场强度1000~1500Oe。Further, in the step (3), the magnetic field strength of the magnetic separator is 1000-1500 Oe.

进一步地,所述步骤(4)摇床给矿浓度为25%~30%。Further, in the step (4), the ore feeding concentration of the shaking bed is 25% to 30%.

进一步地,所述步骤(5)浮选机中加入调整剂碳酸钠1000~1200g/t,抑制剂六偏磷酸钠100-120g/t、水玻璃200-400g/t、羧甲基淀粉500~700g/t,捕收剂十二烷基硫酸钠300~500g/t,2号油30~50g/t。Further, in the step (5), 1000-1200 g/t of sodium carbonate as a regulator, 100-120 g/t of sodium hexametaphosphate as an inhibitor, 200-400 g/t of water glass, and 500-120 g/t of carboxymethyl starch are added to the flotation machine. 700g/t, collector sodium lauryl sulfate 300~500g/t, No. 2 oil 30~50g/t.

进一步地,所述步骤(6)菱镁矿尾矿与污泥、磷石膏、中药渣、鸡粪、机制炭、陶粒质量分数为:菱镁矿尾矿50%~60%、污泥10%~15%、磷石膏5%~10%、中药渣4%~6%、鸡粪4%~6%、机制炭8%~12%、陶粒3%~7%。Further, in the step (6), the mass fraction of magnesite tailings and sludge, phosphogypsum, traditional Chinese medicine slag, chicken manure, machine-made charcoal, and ceramsite is: 50%-60% of magnesite tailings, 10% of sludge. %~15%, phosphogypsum 5%~10%, traditional Chinese medicine residue 4%~6%, chicken manure 4%~6%, mechanism carbon 8%~12%, ceramsite 3%~7%.

本发明的有益效果为:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明获得的精矿产品氧化镁品位高,回收率高,且流程结构简单,药剂用量少。本发明菱镁矿利用方法产生的菱镁矿尾矿用于制备种植土,不会产生二次尾矿,所有资源均得到利用,不仅可提高资源利用率,而且无尾矿排放,进而消除尾矿占地及对环境的污染,且制得的种植土尾矿掺加量大,有机质含量高,保水性和透气性好,可取代客土用于矿山生态修复。The concentrate product obtained by the method has the advantages of high grade of magnesium oxide, high recovery rate, simple process structure and less dosage of chemicals. The magnesite tailings produced by the magnesite utilization method of the invention are used for preparing planting soil, no secondary tailings are generated, all resources are utilized, not only the utilization rate of resources can be improved, but also there is no tailings discharge, thereby eliminating tailings Mine occupation and environmental pollution, and the resulting planting soil tailings are mixed with large amount, high organic matter content, good water retention and air permeability, and can replace foreign soil for mine ecological restoration.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合实施例对本发明技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述地实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

某菱镁矿矿石中氧化镁含量为42.32%,钙15.64%、硅12.31%、铁11.72%。The magnesium oxide content in a magnesite ore is 42.32%, calcium 15.64%, silicon 12.31%, and iron 11.72%.

采用本发明工艺,包括以下步骤:Adopt the technology of the present invention, comprise the following steps:

(1)将菱镁矿经颚式破碎机破碎至-20mm块矿,然后经竖炉焙烧2h,焙烧温度1000℃,获得焙烧物料;(1) The magnesite is crushed to -20mm lump ore by jaw crusher, and then roasted in a shaft furnace for 2 hours at a roasting temperature of 1000 °C to obtain roasted materials;

(2)将步骤(1)焙烧物料经塔磨机磨细至-2mm占85%,得到磨细粉料;(2) grinding the calcined material in step (1) to -2mm accounting for 85% by a tower mill to obtain a finely ground powder;

(3)将步骤(2)磨细粉料给入磁选机选别,磁场强度1000Oe,得到磁选精矿和磁选尾矿;(3) feeding the finely ground powder in step (2) into a magnetic separator for separation, the magnetic field strength is 1000Oe, to obtain magnetic separation concentrate and magnetic separation tailings;

(4)将步骤(3)磁选精矿给入摇床进行重选,摇床给矿浓度为30%,获得摇床精矿和摇床尾矿;(4) The magnetic separation concentrate in step (3) is fed into the shaking table for gravity separation, and the concentration of the ore feeding the shaking table is 30% to obtain the shaking table concentrate and the shaking table tailings;

(5)将步骤(4)摇床精矿给入浮选机进行选别,浮选机中加入调整剂碳酸钠1000g/t,抑制剂六偏磷酸钠100g/t、水玻璃200g/t、羧甲基淀粉500g/t,捕收剂十二烷基硫酸钠300g/t,2号油30g/t,获得浮选精矿和浮选尾矿,所述浮选精矿即为精矿产品;(5) The shaker concentrate in step (4) is fed into the flotation machine for sorting, and 1000g/t of sodium carbonate as a regulator, 100g/t of inhibitor sodium hexametaphosphate, 200g/t of water glass, Carboxymethyl starch 500g/t, collector sodium lauryl sulfate 300g/t, No. 2 oil 30g/t, to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, the flotation concentrate is the concentrate product ;

(6)将步骤(3)磁选尾矿、步骤(4)摇床尾矿、步骤(5)浮选尾矿混合为菱镁矿尾矿,所述菱镁矿尾矿与污泥、磷石膏、中药渣、鸡粪、机制炭、陶粒按质量分数为:菱镁矿尾矿60%、污泥10%、磷石膏5%、中药渣4%、鸡粪6%、机制炭8%、陶粒7%混合均匀,发酵40天,得到菱镁矿尾矿种植土。(6) Mixing step (3) magnetic separation tailings, step (4) shaking table tailings, and step (5) flotation tailings into magnesite tailings, which are mixed with sludge and phosphogypsum. , Chinese medicine slag, chicken manure, mechanism charcoal, ceramsite according to the mass fraction: magnesite tailings 60%, sludge 10%, phosphogypsum 5%, traditional Chinese medicine slag 4%, chicken manure 6%, mechanism charcoal 8%, 7% ceramsite is mixed evenly, and it is fermented for 40 days to obtain magnesite tailings planting soil.

最终获得了氧化镁品位48.22%、回收率75.01%的精矿产品,种植土中有机质含量为6.1g/kg。Finally, a concentrate product with a magnesium oxide grade of 48.22% and a recovery rate of 75.01% was obtained, and the organic matter content in the planting soil was 6.1g/kg.

实施例2Example 2

某菱镁矿矿石中氧化镁含量为41.63%,钙16.34%、硅12.61%、铁11.97%。The magnesium oxide content in a magnesite ore is 41.63%, calcium 16.34%, silicon 12.61%, iron 11.97%.

采用本发明工艺,包括以下步骤:Adopt the technology of the present invention, comprise the following steps:

(1)将菱镁矿经颚式破碎机破碎至-20mm块矿,然后经竖炉焙烧1.5h,焙烧温度1125℃,获得焙烧物料;(1) The magnesite is crushed to -20mm lump ore by jaw crusher, and then roasted in a shaft furnace for 1.5 hours at a roasting temperature of 1125 °C to obtain roasted materials;

(2)将步骤(1)焙烧物料经塔磨机磨细至-2mm占87%,得到磨细粉料;(2) grinding the calcined material in step (1) to -2mm accounting for 87% by a tower mill to obtain a finely ground powder;

(3)将步骤(2)磨细粉料给入磁选机选别,磁场强度1250Oe,得到磁选精矿和磁选尾矿;(3) Feeding the ground powder in step (2) into a magnetic separator for separation, the magnetic field strength is 1250Oe, and the magnetic separation concentrate and magnetic separation tailings are obtained;

(4)将步骤(3)磁选精矿给入摇床进行重选,摇床给矿浓度为27%,获得摇床精矿和摇床尾矿;(4) The magnetic separation concentrate in step (3) is fed into the shaking table for gravity separation, and the concentration of the ore feeding the shaking table is 27%, and the shaking table concentrate and the shaking table tailings are obtained;

(5)将步骤(4)摇床精矿给入浮选机进行选别,浮选机中加入调整剂碳酸钠1100g/t,抑制剂六偏磷酸钠110g/t、水玻璃300g/t、羧甲基淀粉600g/t,捕收剂十二烷基硫酸钠400g/t,2号油40g/t,获得浮选精矿和浮选尾矿,所述浮选精矿即为精矿产品;(5) The shaker concentrate in step (4) is fed into the flotation machine for sorting, and 1100g/t of sodium carbonate as a regulator, 110g/t of inhibitor sodium hexametaphosphate, 300g/t of water glass, Carboxymethyl starch 600g/t, collector sodium lauryl sulfate 400g/t, No. 2 oil 40g/t, to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, the flotation concentrate is the concentrate product ;

(6)将步骤(3)磁选尾矿、步骤(4)摇床尾矿、步骤(5)浮选尾矿混合为菱镁矿尾矿,所述菱镁矿尾矿与污泥、磷石膏、中药渣、鸡粪、机制炭、陶粒按质量分数为:菱镁矿尾矿55%、污泥12%、磷石膏8%、中药渣5%、鸡粪5%、机制炭10%、陶粒5%混合均匀,发酵35天,得到菱镁矿尾矿种植土。(6) Mixing step (3) magnetic separation tailings, step (4) shaking table tailings, and step (5) flotation tailings into magnesite tailings, which are mixed with sludge and phosphogypsum. , Chinese medicine slag, chicken manure, mechanism charcoal, ceramsite according to the mass fraction: magnesite tailings 55%, sludge 12%, phosphogypsum 8%, traditional Chinese medicine slag 5%, chicken manure 5%, mechanism charcoal 10%, 5% ceramsite is mixed evenly, and it is fermented for 35 days to obtain magnesite tailings planting soil.

最终获得了氧化镁品位47.56%、回收率73.89%的精矿产品,种植土中有机质含量为7.3g/kg。Finally, a concentrate product with a magnesium oxide grade of 47.56% and a recovery rate of 73.89% was obtained, and the organic matter content in the planting soil was 7.3g/kg.

实施例3Example 3

某菱镁矿矿石中氧化镁含量为40.33%,钙16.41%、硅13.42%、铁12.17%。The magnesium oxide content in a magnesite ore is 40.33%, calcium 16.41%, silicon 13.42%, iron 12.17%.

采用本发明工艺,包括以下步骤:Adopt the technology of the present invention, comprise the following steps:

(1)将菱镁矿经颚式破碎机破碎至-20mm块矿,然后经竖炉焙烧2h,焙烧温度1150℃,获得焙烧物料;(1) The magnesite is crushed to -20mm lump ore by jaw crusher, and then roasted in a shaft furnace for 2 hours at a roasting temperature of 1150 °C to obtain roasted materials;

(2)将步骤(1)焙烧物料经塔磨机磨细至-2mm占90%,得到磨细粉料;(2) grinding the calcined material in step (1) to -2mm accounting for 90% by a tower mill to obtain a finely ground powder;

(3)将步骤(2)磨细粉料给入磁选机选别,磁场强度1500Oe,得到磁选精矿和磁选尾矿;(3) Feeding the ground powder in step (2) into a magnetic separator for sorting, the magnetic field strength is 1500Oe, and the magnetic separation concentrate and magnetic separation tailings are obtained;

(4)将步骤(3)磁选精矿给入摇床进行重选,摇床给矿浓度为25%,获得摇床精矿和摇床尾矿;(4) The magnetic separation concentrate in step (3) is fed into the shaking table for gravity separation, and the ore feeding concentration of the shaking table is 25% to obtain the shaking table concentrate and the shaking table tailings;

(5)将步骤(4)摇床精矿给入浮选机进行选别,浮选机中加入调整剂碳酸钠1200g/t,抑制剂六偏磷酸钠120g/t、水玻璃400g/t、羧甲基淀粉700g/t,捕收剂十二烷基硫酸钠500g/t,2号油50g/t,获得浮选精矿和浮选尾矿,所述浮选精矿即为精矿产品;(5) The shaker concentrate in step (4) is fed into the flotation machine for sorting, and the flotation machine is added with 1200g/t of sodium carbonate as a regulator, 120g/t of inhibitor sodium hexametaphosphate, 400g/t of water glass, Carboxymethyl starch 700g/t, collector sodium lauryl sulfate 500g/t, No. 2 oil 50g/t, to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, the flotation concentrate is the concentrate product ;

(6)将步骤(3)磁选尾矿、步骤(4)摇床尾矿、步骤(5)浮选尾矿混合为菱镁矿尾矿,所述菱镁矿尾矿与污泥、磷石膏、中药渣、鸡粪、机制炭、陶粒按质量分数为:菱镁矿尾矿50%、污泥15%、磷石膏10%、中药渣6%、鸡粪4%、机制炭12%、陶粒3%混合均匀,发酵30天,得到菱镁矿尾矿种植土。(6) Mixing step (3) magnetic separation tailings, step (4) shaking table tailings, and step (5) flotation tailings into magnesite tailings, which are mixed with sludge and phosphogypsum. , Chinese medicine residue, chicken manure, mechanism charcoal, ceramsite according to the mass fraction: magnesite tailings 50%, sludge 15%, phosphogypsum 10%, traditional Chinese medicine residue 6%, chicken manure 4%, mechanism charcoal 12%, 3% ceramsite was mixed evenly, and fermented for 30 days to obtain magnesite tailings planting soil.

最终获得了氧化镁品位46.73%、回收率73.52%的精矿产品,种植土中有机质含量为8.0g/kg。Finally, a concentrate product with a magnesium oxide grade of 46.73% and a recovery rate of 73.52% was obtained, and the organic matter content in the planting soil was 8.0g/kg.

以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (5)

1. A method for comprehensively utilizing low-grade magnesite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing magnesite into-20 mm lump ore by a jaw crusher, and roasting for 1-2 hours by a shaft furnace to obtain a roasted material;
(2) grinding the roasted material obtained in the step (1) to-0.074 mm and accounting for 85-90% by a tower mill to obtain ground powder;
(3) feeding the fine grinding powder material obtained in the step (2) into a magnetic separator for sorting to obtain magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings;
(4) feeding the magnetic concentrate obtained in the step (3) into a shaking table for gravity separation to obtain shaking table concentrate and shaking table tailings;
(5) feeding the shaking table concentrate obtained in the step (4) into a flotation machine for sorting to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, wherein the flotation concentrate is a concentrate product, and the flotation machine is added with 1000-1200 g/t of regulator sodium carbonate, 120g/t of inhibitor sodium hexametaphosphate, 400g/t of water glass 200-sodium hexametaphosphate, 500-700 g/t of carboxymethyl starch, 300-500 g/t of collecting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and 30-50 g/t of No. 2 oil;
(6) and (3) mixing the magnetic tailings obtained in the step (3), the table concentrator tailings obtained in the step (4) and the flotation tailings obtained in the step (5) to obtain magnesite tailings, uniformly mixing the magnesite tailings with sludge, phosphogypsum, traditional Chinese medicine residues, chicken manure, machine-made charcoal and ceramsite, and fermenting for 30-40 days to obtain the magnesite tailing planting soil.
2. The method for comprehensively utilizing low-grade magnesite according to claim 1, wherein the roasting temperature in the step (1) is 1000-1150 ℃.
3. The comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separator in the step (3) is 1000-1500 Oe.
4. The comprehensive utilization method of low-grade magnesite according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the table feeding in the step (4) is 25-30%.
5. The method for comprehensively utilizing low-grade magnesite according to claim 1, wherein the magnesite tailings, the sludge, the phosphogypsum, the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the chicken manure, the machine-made charcoal and the ceramsite in the step (6) comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of magnesite tailings, 10-15% of sludge, 5-10% of phosphogypsum, 4-6% of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 4-6% of chicken manure, 8-12% of machine-made carbon and 3-7% of ceramsite.
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